Protection and Construction Measures of Wild Animals' Habitats in Ecological Green Land Design in Town-and-City Concentration Areas of China

Town-and-city concentration area is confronted with ecological degeneration due to the expansion of urbanization,and enriching urban bio-diversity is conducive to the improvement of ecological function of urban green system.The paper has studied how to increase urban bio-diversity by making use of urban green lands for protection and construction of wild animals' habitats,and proposed the significance and theoretical idea for protection and construction of wild animals' habitats.By taking ecological green lands design in Qinglongchang of Chengdu City for example,it has analyzed the current situation of animals' diversity;proposed to plan corridor,construct biological channel and provide multiporous habitats;listed plants' selection and collocation mode;and finally illustrated how to set artificial facilities for attraction of animals.It hopes to provide a reference for the design of ecological green lands in cities advocating the harmonious development of living environment and natural environment.

Benefit Evaluation on Land Comprehensive Consolidation in the Small Towns——A Case of Daxing District,Beijing,China

Taking Daxing District,Beijing,China as a example,benefit evaluation index system of small-town land comprehensive consolidation isestablished from four aspects of resource benefit,economic benefit,social benefit and ecological benefit.Weight of evaluation index is determinedby analytic hierarchy process.After the standardized treatment on the original value index,comprehensive index method is adopted to evaluate theland comprehensive consolidation benefits in 14 towns of Daxing District in the year 2005,combining with the index weight determined by analytic hi-erarchy process.Evaluation result shows that areas having significant effects are Yizhuang Town,Xihongmen Town,Yinghai Town,and JiugongTown,which are concentrated in rural-urban continuum with significant location advantages and good economic and infrastructure status.Areashaving good effects are Changziying Town,Huangcun Town,Panggezhuang Town,Beizangcun Town,and Yufa Town,which are located alongYongding River,with abundant farmland resources and good ecological environment.Areas having general effects are Weishan Town,QingyundianTown,and Anding Town,with insignificant location advantages.Areas with no significant effects are Lixian Town and Caiyu Town,with relativelypoor location,resource,and economic development status.

Dilemma for the Redevelopment of Village and Town Construction Land, Formation Mechanism and Policy Suggestions

Under the context of economy new normal and rapid urbanization, the shift of economic growth, structural adjustment pains as well as pre-stimulus digestion comes coincidentally. The boundary red line of urban growth, the red line of the number of basic farms and the ecology red line makes the local to conserve land. Land stock for village and town construction is a huge amount of potential resources. Redevelopment of land for village and town construction provides ensured land security for the smooth progress of urbanization. Combining village and town construction land use characteristics and making in-depth analysis of the difficulties in the redevelopment of village and town construction and its inner mechanism, policies and suggestions were proposed for the redevelopment of village and town construction land in terms of land property, land price, market allocation, planning, surveillance and so on, so as to provide valuable reference for the smooth redevelopment of village and town construction land, and the system design of villages and towns.

Correlative Analysis on Forestry Land and Topography Factors Based on Tianguan Town of Youyang County

In order to more clearly understand the relevance of the forestry land distribution and the terrain factors,basic information was given in this paper on the reasonable utilization of forest resources in mountainous areas and the ecological environment protection.Based on the registration overlay analysis of high resolution aerial,satellite photograph and 1∶10 000 topographic map by making use of geostatistics of ArcGIS9.3,different photo color referred to different types of vegetation landscape,acquired factor data in small classes of woodland with visual interpretation in small classes of woodland and field research,and the correlation between forestry land and topography factors were discussed.It was shown that:in areas of low elevation and low slope where human beings were highly involved,all sorts of forestry land were distributed,which meant evolution and slope had little effect on forestry land,and that in those areas where human activities were lessened little by little with high elevation and high slope,kinds of forestry land decreased accordingly.Furthermore,the irrigated paddy fields were the main types of forestry land on the elevation of 1 200 m and slope above 35°.Differences among kinds of forestry land were comparatively indistinct from the perspective of slope.

An Analysis on Present Situation of Land Use Based on GIS in Caocun Town

Taking Caocun Town for example,we use GIS technology to systematically analyze the present situation of land use in Caocun Town on the basis of land reclamation rate model and land use degree model from quantitative structure,spatial distribution and degree of land use,in order to provide a basis for adjustment and optimization of land use structure,comprehensive land consolidation and full tapping of land use potential in Caocun Town,and provide a reference for rational land use and land protection policy formulation.

Hook Benefit Evaluation on the Increase of Urban Construction Land and the Decrease of Rural Construction Land in the Suburbs of Chongqing City,China

According to the socio-economic statistical data and the land use data of Jingguan Town in the year 2008,hook benefit evaluation index system suitable for the actual situation of research region is determined,based on the systematic analyses of the basic data of current status and the related information of hook in research region.Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method is adopted to evaluate the increase of construction land of Jingguan Town before and after the hook.Result shows that the economic,social and ecological benefits of research region have significantly improved after the hook.And the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation index system and evaluation methods established in this research can provide references for the hook benefit evaluation in the suburbs of Chongqing City,China.

乡镇级国土空间总体规划存在的问题及解决思路探析

乡镇级国土空间总体规划是国土空间规划体系的重要一环,对于促进城乡融合发展、实施乡村振兴战略、引领乡村建设行动等起到至关重要的作用。然而,当前乡镇级国土空间总体规划存在一些不足,如规划理念滞后、规划不完善、规划编制主体单一、规划实施保障机制不健全等,需要采取创新规划理念、合理编制规划、多元化规划编制主体及完善实施保障机制等措施予以改善。

喀斯特山区城镇村用地时空演变特征分析——以七星关区为例

以七星关区为例采用GIS空间分析、核密度和年变化率等方法分析喀斯特山区城镇村用地时空演变特征。结果表明:七星关区城镇村用地大范围演变且时序性和空间差异性特征显著,其中城市用地和中心城区及其东部地区演变最为剧烈;七星关区城镇村用地时空演变存在较强的空间自相关性,属于强集聚分布格局,演变热点区表现为鲜明的工业和开发区建设指向、冷点区表现为明显的自然地理环境指向。研究成果为喀斯特山区城乡空间重构和国土空间规划提供科学支撑和决策依据。

多元价值兼顾下的旧城镇更新的土地资源价值评估研究--以广州市番禺区旧城镇为例

社会型城市更新应兼顾多元价值,同时考虑物质空间要素的迭代优化及非物质空间要素的保育利用。当前更新改造规划并未充分考量非物质空间要素,导致旧城更新实践上的文化保护“拆”“留”两难。从多元价值兼顾的视角实施更新地区的土地资源价值评估,有助于推动更新规划走向社会型城市更新。以广州市番禺区旧城镇为例,分析旧城镇更新的历程和困境,基于多元兼顾的视角构建旧城镇更新改造规划的土地资源价值评估工具。运用多源大数据及实地调研数据,采用空间分析、语义分析等方法,基于必然认定项及低效评价指标体系,筛选需迫切改造的旧城资源进入更新资源数据库;然后基于文化、居住、产业三维度的多元价值评估体系,将数据库的旧城资源进行价值评估和分类分区。此后,对不同类型的旧城资源分别提出更新指引。探讨了结合物质空间要素指标和非物质空间要素指标的土地资源价值评估工具创新,以期为多元目标下的旧城镇改造提供思路借鉴。

镇村布局规划实施效果评价方法研究

开展镇村布局规划实施效果评价,可以为决策优化和方案调整提供科学依据。本文结合高分辨率遥感影像与国土三调数据,通过面向对象变化检测方法,提取集聚提升类、城郊融合类、特色保护类、拆迁撤并类村庄的建设用地变化图斑,在两期建设用地图斑的基础上,构建建设用地变化量与紧凑度指标,开展村庄建设进程和村庄形态的分析评价,并以盱眙县穆店镇为例,对2019—2022年近期规划的四类村庄进行方法验证,为不同村庄的发展提供适宜的规划建议。

“丘陵-河谷”耦合下浙西小城镇空间形态与地貌的关联性解析

文章从浙西丘陵区“丘陵-河谷”耦合的聚落地理环境出发,基于对卫星遥感影像的识别与转译,将小城镇类型划分为丘间峡谷型、丘间宽谷型和丘陵盆地型三类。通过对40个小城镇样本的规模、选址以及演化等维度的解析,揭示浙西小城镇人居环境与自然地貌之间“丘陵-河谷-人居”的耦合关系和内在机制。

城乡融合背景下村镇建设用地“扩张-消失”多情景模拟——以洛阳市为例

研究目的:从当前村镇建设用地“既拆又建”现象出发,聚焦城乡融合背景下村镇建设格局演变规律,以洛阳市为例,开展2020-2030年村镇建设用地“扩张—消失”多情景模拟研究,为大城市村镇建设用地差别化管理提供决策依据。研究方法:PLUS模型、形态学空间格局分析、多情景设定。研究结果:(1)区位条件因素在村镇建设用地“扩张—消失”中起基础性作用,距离耕地、高速公路的远近对扩张与消失变化的影响较大,贡献度均超过16%。(2)2020-2030年洛阳市村镇建设用地扩张与消失规模以及格局差异明显。在规模上“扩张”与“消失”面积比例约为2∶1;在格局上“扩张”斑块类型以边缘、支线及孤岛为主,“消失”斑块类型则以核心区和边缘占优。(3)4种情景下研究区村镇建设用地均表现为大规模零碎式扩张与小规模集中式收缩。其中,耕地保护情景中孤岛占比最少(9.93%),空间上连通性和整体性最优,未来应进一步充分考虑耕地保护情景。研究结论:亟需秉持村镇建设用地以优化存量换取增量的理念,均衡协调扩张和消失的规模、形态及其综合效益,针对主要驱动因素实施差别化管理,实施“一村一策”缓解村镇建设用地低效利用困境。

基于水资源的国土空间规划下城镇规模预测

以往城市规划建设用地规模多为无序扩张的粗放式发展模式,单一地考虑人口增长、经济发展等因素,未考虑水资源利用保护;国土空间规划提出了“以水定城、以水定地、以水定人、以水定产”的原则。通过研究人口自然增长和产业带动人口增长规律,建立水资源利用、人口增长和城镇规模预测的辩证关系,计算2025年、2035年区域人口增长规模和水资源可承载人口上限,综合确定城镇规划人口;结合国家人均建设用地指标,计算规划用地总规模,确定城镇开发边界线,以水资源可承载上限和人口发展需求综合确定2025年、2035年城镇合理发展规模,达到“以水定城”的高质量发展目标。以西藏工布江达县城镇发展规模预测为例,对预测方法进行了应用。

江汉平原不同土地利用方式下土壤铜锌铬镍元素含量特征——以沙洋镇为例

为探究不同土地利用方式下沙洋县土壤铜、锌、铬、镍元素的含量特征及其对土地利用的响应,选取研究区内主要七类土地利用方式:水田、旱地、滩涂、林地、草地、水面(湖塘河区)、建设用地,对土壤中的铜、锌、铬、镍元素数据进行统计分析和空间插值。研究表明:沙洋镇土壤铜、锌、铬、镍元素含量平均值分别为27.31、77.21、74.62、32.50 mg/kg。四种元素含量均值在滩涂地块最高,分别达到31.16、80.153、87.906、38.127 mg/kg,四种元素单点最高值分别为52.63、170.387、113.190、55.376 mg/kg,分别出现在水田、建设用地、建设用地、水田。土壤铜、锌元素总体在沙洋镇的中心城区较为聚集,而土壤铬、镍元素没有这类现象。

采煤塌陷区全域土地综合整治对策研究 ——以彬州市义门镇为例

全域土地综合整治对保障粮食安全、改善生态环境、促进乡村振兴具有重要意义。在新的发展时期,该项工作开展已成为土地整治的重要抓手。采煤塌陷区具有移民搬迁、产业发展、生态修复的需求,该区域的保护与发展更应与土地综合整治相结合。本文基于社会调研和社会经济数据分析方法,对彬州市义门镇面临的困境进行分析,探究采煤塌陷区周边乡村土地综合整治实施路径,提出“民生为重、产业强基、生态为本”的全域土地综合整治实施建议,以期为采煤塌陷区土地综合整治方案编制与实施提供参考。

存量规划背景下晋江市陈埭镇低效用地提升策略

“十四五”期间,国土空间规划的改革对国土资源用途进行了严格管制,城镇建设也全面进入存量规划时期,盘活城镇低效用地的研究逐渐兴起。在此背景下,该文选取晋江市陈埭镇为例,剖析其存量用地现状及存在问题,发掘低效用地再开发难点,并从从调整空间结构、创建产业园区、提高空间品质、重塑文化记忆、健全管理机制等五个方面提出陈埭镇低效用地的提升策略,以期为类似城镇更新提供一些参考。

镇级小城市背景下全域土地综合整治探索——以尤溪县洋中镇为例

在新时代背景条件下,全域土地综合整治是优化国土空间格局并促进乡村全面振兴的重要抓手,是推进生态文明建设和实现高质量发展的关键一环。该文以镇级小城市全域土地综合整治为例,分析当前现状与存在问题,提出整治思路,规划引领,提升“三生”空间,最后基于问题的成因,探索镇级小城市背景下全域土地综合整治路径,坚持试点,拓宽示范之路,以期为全域土地综合整治的建设实施提供参考。

全域土地综合整治案例、问题和对策——以湖州市吴兴区东林镇为例

文章对浙江省湖州市东林镇全域土地整治工程实施目标和现状展开实地调查和分析,提出了该地目前存在的复垦土地质量、村民收入与搬迁意愿、产业引入、整体规划、土地流通能力与制度等方面的问题。文章认为,东林镇的全域土地整治具有一定的可复制性,但是经济基础较好、土地权属较为明确、产业引入较为便利等先天因素也是该工程在异地复制实施时需要考虑的条件。综合2023年中央一号文件与学界观点,笔者提出了农村各要素统筹发展、推动农村土地政策改革、打破行政区划限制在更大范围内开展整治、优化农村空间布局、推动乡村产业高质量发展等解决方案。

乡村土地利用景观格局变化及影响因素分析——以四川省冉义镇为例

以四川省邛崃市冉义镇为研究对象,以2012、2015、2018年3期高分辨率遥感影像图为基础数据,运用目视解译法结合ArcGIS软件绘制冉义镇3期土地利用类型现状图并建立土地利用转移矩阵;运用Fragstats景观指数计算软件得出冉义镇景观格局指数变化。结果表明:(1)冉义镇耕地面积增加并且聚集程度提高,耕地景观更加紧凑与规模化;(2)城市建设用地面积优势度不断上升,宅基地优势度及破碎化程度均降低;(3)2012-2018年冉义镇景观格局的丰富度和均衡度均在降低;(4)产业结构变化、生态文明建设、土地综合整治是冉义镇土地利用景观格局变化的主要影响因素。

常熟市城镇用地扩展分析

以Landsat TM/ETM卫星遥感影像为数据源,以GIS为分析手段,通过扩展面积、扩展强度指数、分维数指数以及相关用地类型的土地资源分布重心坐标详细分析了常熟市建设用地(城区、城镇以及独立工业用地) 的时空特征,揭示了我国苏南经济发达地区城镇建设用地的扩展规律,分析了引起城镇建设用地扩张的驱动力。结果表明:(1) 撤并的建制镇镇区扩展强度远低于建制镇,但用地没有萎缩;(2) 建设用地加速扩展,但不均衡,分散格局没有改变;(3) 以市区为中心,以新港镇为副中心的城镇工业带和镇区连绵区正在逐渐形成;(4) 用地扩展从中心城区及周边为主,开始向沿江区域拓展;(5) 经济发展的速度始终是常熟市区各研究时段用地扩展的主导影响因子,相关政策指引着经济发展的方向,贯穿于常熟城镇用地扩展的全过程。