Gastrointestinal tolerability of organic infant formula compared to traditional infant formula: A systematic review

BACKGROUND Infants'nutrition significantly influences their growth,development,and overall well-being.With the increasing demand for organic infant formula driven by the perception of health benefits and growing awareness of natural feeding options,it is crucial to conduct a comparative analysis of the gastrointestinal tolerability between organic and traditional infant formulas.AIM To provide a concise and precise analysis of the gastrointestinal tolerability of organic infant formula compared to traditional infant formula.Due to limited direct comparisons,the review synthesizes available literature on each formula type,presenting insights into their potential effects on infants'digestive health.METHODS An extensive literature search was conducted,compiling studies on organic and traditional infant formulas,their compositions,and reported effects on gastrointestinal tolerability.We searched academic databases such as PubMed and Google Scholar and specialized nutrition,paediatrics,and infant health journals using relevant keywords till October 1,2023.RESULTS Although specific comparative studies are scarce and formula heterogeneity is a significant limitation,this systematic review provides an in-depth understanding of organic infant formulas'composition and potential benefits.While scientific evidence directly comparing gastrointestinal tolerability is limited,organic formulas strive to use carefully selected organic ingredients to imitate breast milk composition.Potential benefits include improved lipid profiles,higher methionine content,and decreased antibiotic-resistant bacteria levels.Understanding the gastrointestinal tolerability of organic and traditional infant formulas is crucial for parents and healthcare providers to make informed decisions.CONCLUSION Despite limitations in direct comparisons,this systematic review provides insights into the composition and potential benefits of organic infant formulas.It emphasizes the need for further research to elucidate their gastrointestinal effects comprehensively.

Progress on traditional Chinese medicine in improving hepatic fibrosis through inhibiting oxidative stress

Hepatic fibrosis is a common pathological process that occurs in the development of various chronic liver diseases into cirrhosis and liver cancer,characterized by excessive deposition of the extracellular matrix.In the past,hepatic fibrosis was thought to be a static and irreversible pathological process.In recent years,with the rapid development of molecular biology and the continuous in-depth study of the liver at the microscopic level,more and more evidence has shown that hepatic fibrosis is a dynamic and reversible process.Therefore,it is particularly important to find an effective,simple,and inexpensive method for its prevention and treatment.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)occupies an important position in the treatment of hepatic fibrosis due to its advantages of low adverse reactions,low cost,and multi-target effectiveness.A large number of research results have shown that TCM monomers,single herbal extracts,and TCM formulas play important roles in the prevention and treatment of hepatic fibrosis.Oxidative stress(OS)is one of the key factors in the occurrence and development of hepatic fibrosis.Therefore,this article reviews the progress in the understanding of the mechanisms of TCM monomers,single herbal extracts,and TCM formulas in preventing and treating hepatic fibrosis by inhibiting OS in recent years,in order to provide a reference and basis for drug therapy of hepatic fibrosis.

Prescription analysis of traditional chinese medicine for COVID-19treatment

Background:Coronavirus disease 2019 is still spreading all over the world and without any specific medicine.Traditional Chinese medicine has played an important role in the control of epidemics in China and accumulated many experiences.The aim of this study is to summarize the law of traditional Chinese medicine and provide reference for coronavirus disease 2019 traditional Chinese medicine treatment.Methods:We collected the treatment plans of traditional Chinese medicine for coronavirus disease 2019 in 24 provinces of China to evaluate the basic Chinese medicine formulas,and the efficacy types,frequency,“Four Characters”,“Five Tastes”,“Channel Tropism”of herbal medicines.Combination rules between medicines were calculated by Apriori algorithm and Clementine12.0.Results:The formulas for“Relieving Exterior Syndrome”,“Expelling Dampness”,“Clearing Heat”and“Supplementing”have highest proportion.In prevention period and medical observation period,the medicines mainly have effect for“Clearing Heat”,“Relieving Exterior Syndrome”and“Supplementing”.In treatment period,medicines for“Clearing Heat”,“Relieving Superficies”and“Relieving Dampness”had higher frequency.The“Four Characters”of Chinese medicines in all treatment plans were mainly“Cold”and“Warm”.Medicines in the treatment plans always belong to“Pungent Taste”,“Bitter Taste”and“Sweet Taste”.For“Channel Tropism”,most medicines turned over to the“Lung”,“Stoma”and“Spleen”.The common medicine combinations in the recommended formulas during the prevention period and medical observation period were medicines for“Qi-Supplementing”and“Relieving Superficies”.In treatment period(mild,moderate,severe/critical),medicines for“Dampness Expelling”,“Relieving Superficies”and“Qi-Supplementing”were combined in a high frequency.In recovery period,the medicines for“Dispelling Dampness”combined the medicines for“Promoting Blood Circulation”with highest frequency.Conclusions:We found the characteristics of medicine and prescription rules of traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 and provided scientificity and effectiveness of it.More importantly,it provides reference for the development of new clinical prescriptions for coronavirus disease 2019.

Effect of the Fu Zheng Method Applied by Hong-Feng CHEN on the Quality of Life in TNBC Patients and Empirical Research Based on Data Mining

Objective To preliminarily evaluate the efficacy of the Fu Zheng method(supporting resistance against pathogenic factors)applied by Professor Hong-Feng CHEN in improving the quality of life in patients with triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)to collect and organize the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)formulas applied by Professor Hong-Feng CHEN in the treatment of TNBC in order to explore the patterns in prescription.Methods The Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast scale(FACT-B V4.0)were collected before and after treatment;the database and data mining platform for prescribed TCM formulas were constructed using Microsoft SQL Server 2005,and the patterns in drug pairing and combination were summarized by correlation analysis of data mining.Results The formulas improved the mean scores of the patients’physical well-being,social/family well-being,emotional well-being,physical function well-being and additional concerns(P<0.01);the drug combinations and pairs frequently used by Professor Hong-Feng CHEN were summarized.Conclusion The TCM formulas applied by Professor Hong-Feng CHEN can alleviate adverse physiological reactions,improve psychological conditions and improve function in patients.The formulas take spleen invigoration and stomach nourishment as well as blood circulation promotion and stagnation dissipation as the therapeutic principles,with simplicity in prescription and focus on care and protection the foundation of acquired constitution.

The traditional Chinese medicines treat chronic heart failure and their main bioactive constituents and mechanisms

Chronic heart failure(CHF)is a severe public health problem with increasing morbidity and mortality,any treatment targeting a single session is insufficient to tackle this.CHF is characterized by reduced cardiac output resulting from neurohumoral dysregulation and cardiac remodeling,which might be related to oxidative stress,inflammation,endoplasmic reticulum stress,apoptosis,autophagy,mitochondrial function,and angiogenesis.These molecular mechanisms interact with each other through crosstalk.Historically,Chinese medicinal herbs have been widely applied in the treatment of CHF,and therapeutic effects of Chinese medicinal herbs and their ingredients have been scientifically confirmed over the past decades.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)with multiple components can confront the different pathogenesis of CHF through multiple targets.This review analyzes commonly used TCM patent drugs and TCM decoctions that are applicable to different stages of CHF based on clinical trials.Diverse bioactive ingredients in Chinese medicinal herbs have been found to treat CHF via multiple molecular mechanisms.This review comprehensively covers the key works on the effects and underlying mechanisms of TCM,herbal ingredients and synergistic effects of constituent compatibility in treating CHF,providing additional ideas to address this threat.

Interactions Between Traditional Chinese Medicine and Anticancer Drugs in Chemotherapy

Herbal medicines, including traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs), have been used in Eastern countries for treating diseases such as cancer for thousands of years. With the growing knowledge of tumorigenesis and cancer therapy, some natural compounds have been developed as clinical anticancer drugs. In addition, many compounds and TCMs have been characterized as complementary and alternative treatments,with synergetic effects on enhancing the efficacy or reducing the side effects of the therapeutics. In this review, we summarized the recent studies focusing on the combination of natural compounds or TCM decoction with chemotherapeutics. The detailed mechanisms of action of the combinations and the application of analytical methods on TCM development are also discussed.

Exploring Traditional Chinese Medicine by A Novel Therapeutic Concept of Network Target

Traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） holds a holistic theory, and specializes in balancing disordered human body using numerous natural products, particularly Chinese herbal formulae. TCM has certain treatment advantages for patients suffering from various complex diseases. However, due to the complex nature of TCM, it remains difficult to unveil such holistic medicine by the current reductionism research strategies, which treat both herbal ingredients and targets in isolation. Recently, an emerging network pharmacology approach has been introduced to tackle this bottleneck problem. A TCM-derived novel therapeutic concept, ＂network target＂, which is different from the Western medicine＇s ＂onetarget＂ concept, has been proposed from China. The network target strategy is able to illustrate the complex interactions among the biological systems, drugs, and complex diseases from a network perspective, and thus provides an innovative approach to access ancient remedies in a precision manner and at a systematic level, which also highlights TCM＇s potential in current medical systems.

Four new phenolic glycosides from Baoyuan decoction

Four new phenolic glycosides,including two flavonoid glycosides(1 and 2) and two lignan glycosides(3 and 4),were isolated from the traditional Chinese medicine formula,Baoyuan decoction.Their structures were established by detailed analysis of the NMR and HR-ESI-MS spectroscopic data and their absolute configurations were determined by the experimental electronic circular dichroism data as well as chemical methods.Furthermore,the sources of the four new compounds were determined by the UPLC-Qtrap-MS method,which proved that 1 and 2 are originated from Glycyrrhiza uralensis,and 3 and4 are from Cinnamomum cassia.