Train drivers are engaged in high-stress job. It may induce sleep, fatigue, and alertness loss at work, and endanger public safety. It’s unclear that cytokines of train driver would be influenced by their job. The re...Train drivers are engaged in high-stress job. It may induce sleep, fatigue, and alertness loss at work, and endanger public safety. It’s unclear that cytokines of train driver would be influenced by their job. The research considers the hypothesis that stressful professions, such as train driver, influence the body’s immune system through the long-time and high-pressure working, and change production of neuro-immune factors. Using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), several neuro-immune factors were assayed among train drivers (N = 82) and health blood donors (N = 80) enrolled in the Yunnan Collaborative Innovation Center for Public Health and Disease Control. The concentrations of angiotensin, C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were determined. Kruskal-Wallis test and Dunn’s multiple comparisons test were performed for overall comparison between groups and for pairwise comparison, respectively. Statistical significance level was set at P < 0.05. The profession of train driving was not associated with significant increases or decreases in the systemic levels of inflammatory (CRP, IL-8, and TNF-α), but it was associated with the high expression of angiotensin in vivo. These findings suggest that the job of train driving may not be associated with significant alterations in systemic immune condition, but arouse the level of angiotensin.展开更多
In Australia,and around the world,there is a continuous debate about the ways of delivering a message,instruction,or feedback effectively to improve students’learning and performance.Contemporary cognitive skills tra...In Australia,and around the world,there is a continuous debate about the ways of delivering a message,instruction,or feedback effectively to improve students’learning and performance.Contemporary cognitive skills training approaches have emerged as a result of further development of effective cognitive skills training in different contexts,such as education,aviation,and driving.One of the effective cognitive-based training is feedback.Feedback is an important component in learning,including the development of safe driving for novice drivers.Research shows that feedback can reduce the number of speeding occurrences,and the likelihood of speeding-related incidents and accidents,but it is not clear how to provide effective feedback to young learners.This paper reviews the literature and examines various aspects of feedback as a training intervention for young drivers and provides recommendation for effective use for young learners.The results explored the characteristics of feedback including multiple dimensions:content,source,medium of delivery,timing and frequency.Importantly,its effectiveness in improving an individual performance depends on effective utilization of these characteristics.The results showed that the most effective type of feedback(considering all feedback characteristics)in improving young novice drivers’performance in terms of speed compliance is feedback about performance,financial and safety implications(content),provided verbally and graphically(medium in which provided),by an instructor(researcher;source),immediately after the drive(time),once or twice(frequency).These results have important implications for the development of new training approaches to improving young drivers’speed management behaviour.展开更多
列车司机驾驶行为的规范性直接影响到列车行车安全与状态,但当前对列车司机手比行为的检测仍存在不足。为了对列车司机手比行为进行有效检测,本文利用动车组模拟驾驶系统所采集的司机乘务作业影像,结合采用融合注意力机制的You Only Loo...列车司机驾驶行为的规范性直接影响到列车行车安全与状态,但当前对列车司机手比行为的检测仍存在不足。为了对列车司机手比行为进行有效检测,本文利用动车组模拟驾驶系统所采集的司机乘务作业影像,结合采用融合注意力机制的You Only Look Once Version 7 (YOLOV7)神经网络模型与Strong Simple Online and Realtime Tracking (StrongSORT)算法,对动车组司机驾驶过程中的5种手比行为进行检测。实验结果表明:本文算法可以有效提升对列车司机乘务作业时不同类型手比行为的检测效果,其中检测精确率平均提升1.2%,检测召回率平均提升1.9%。本文提出的算法将有助于改进铁路院校、机务部门对列车司机日常训练、工作考评的效果,提高列车行车过程中的安全性。展开更多
文摘Train drivers are engaged in high-stress job. It may induce sleep, fatigue, and alertness loss at work, and endanger public safety. It’s unclear that cytokines of train driver would be influenced by their job. The research considers the hypothesis that stressful professions, such as train driver, influence the body’s immune system through the long-time and high-pressure working, and change production of neuro-immune factors. Using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), several neuro-immune factors were assayed among train drivers (N = 82) and health blood donors (N = 80) enrolled in the Yunnan Collaborative Innovation Center for Public Health and Disease Control. The concentrations of angiotensin, C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were determined. Kruskal-Wallis test and Dunn’s multiple comparisons test were performed for overall comparison between groups and for pairwise comparison, respectively. Statistical significance level was set at P < 0.05. The profession of train driving was not associated with significant increases or decreases in the systemic levels of inflammatory (CRP, IL-8, and TNF-α), but it was associated with the high expression of angiotensin in vivo. These findings suggest that the job of train driving may not be associated with significant alterations in systemic immune condition, but arouse the level of angiotensin.
文摘In Australia,and around the world,there is a continuous debate about the ways of delivering a message,instruction,or feedback effectively to improve students’learning and performance.Contemporary cognitive skills training approaches have emerged as a result of further development of effective cognitive skills training in different contexts,such as education,aviation,and driving.One of the effective cognitive-based training is feedback.Feedback is an important component in learning,including the development of safe driving for novice drivers.Research shows that feedback can reduce the number of speeding occurrences,and the likelihood of speeding-related incidents and accidents,but it is not clear how to provide effective feedback to young learners.This paper reviews the literature and examines various aspects of feedback as a training intervention for young drivers and provides recommendation for effective use for young learners.The results explored the characteristics of feedback including multiple dimensions:content,source,medium of delivery,timing and frequency.Importantly,its effectiveness in improving an individual performance depends on effective utilization of these characteristics.The results showed that the most effective type of feedback(considering all feedback characteristics)in improving young novice drivers’performance in terms of speed compliance is feedback about performance,financial and safety implications(content),provided verbally and graphically(medium in which provided),by an instructor(researcher;source),immediately after the drive(time),once or twice(frequency).These results have important implications for the development of new training approaches to improving young drivers’speed management behaviour.
文摘列车司机驾驶行为的规范性直接影响到列车行车安全与状态,但当前对列车司机手比行为的检测仍存在不足。为了对列车司机手比行为进行有效检测,本文利用动车组模拟驾驶系统所采集的司机乘务作业影像,结合采用融合注意力机制的You Only Look Once Version 7 (YOLOV7)神经网络模型与Strong Simple Online and Realtime Tracking (StrongSORT)算法,对动车组司机驾驶过程中的5种手比行为进行检测。实验结果表明:本文算法可以有效提升对列车司机乘务作业时不同类型手比行为的检测效果,其中检测精确率平均提升1.2%,检测召回率平均提升1.9%。本文提出的算法将有助于改进铁路院校、机务部门对列车司机日常训练、工作考评的效果,提高列车行车过程中的安全性。
