Transforming growth factor-beta 1 enhances discharge activity of cortical neurons

Transforming growth factor-beta 1(TGF-β1)has been extensively studied for its pleiotropic effects on central nervous system diseases.The neuroprotective or neurotoxic effects of TGF-β1 in specific brain areas may depend on the pathological process and cell types involved.Voltage-gated sodium channels(VGSCs)are essential ion channels for the generation of action potentials in neurons,and are involved in various neuroexcitation-related diseases.However,the effects of TGF-β1 on the functional properties of VGSCs and firing properties in cortical neurons remain unclear.In this study,we investigated the effects of TGF-β1 on VGSC function and firing properties in primary cortical neurons from mice.We found that TGF-β1 increased VGSC current density in a dose-and time-dependent manner,which was attributable to the upregulation of Nav1.3 expression.Increased VGSC current density and Nav1.3 expression were significantly abolished by preincubation with inhibitors of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase(PD98059),p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(SB203580),and Jun NH2-terminal kinase 1/2 inhibitor(SP600125).Interestingly,TGF-β1 significantly increased the firing threshold of action potentials but did not change their firing rate in cortical neurons.These findings suggest that TGF-β1 can increase Nav1.3 expression through activation of the ERK1/2-JNK-MAPK pathway,which leads to a decrease in the firing threshold of action potentials in cortical neurons under pathological conditions.Thus,this contributes to the occurrence and progression of neuroexcitatory-related diseases of the central nervous system.

Plasma Levels of Transforming Growth Factor-Beta 1 in Women with Pelvic Organ Prolapse

Objective: In women with pelvic organ prolapse (POP), decreased expression of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) has been shown in POP tissues. However, no studies have evaluated plasma TGF-β1 levels in patients with POP, so it is unknown whether they are also changed or not. Therefore, we compared plasma TGF-β1 levels in women with and without POP. Methods: Participants were 49 women with POP and 23 healthy control women. All participants were postmenopausal. We measured plasma TGF-β1 and compared data between patients with POP and controls, and between patients with uterine prolapse (UP, n = 19) and those with a cystocele (CC, n = 30). In addition, in patients, we assessed the POP quantification system (POP-Q) stage. Results: Plasma TGF-β1 levels were significantly lower in patients than in healthy controls. POP-Q stage was not significantly different between the UP and CC subgroups, but POP-Q stage IV was diagnosed in 63% of patients with UP and 7% of those with CC. Plasma TGF-β1 levels were significantly lower in the CC subgroup than in the UP subgroup. Conclusion: Plasma TGF-β1 is decreased in POP. It remains unclear whether the lower levels indicate a reduction in systemic TGF-β1 activity, but they can be assumed to reflect reduced TGF-β1 expression in POP tissues.

Tousled-like kinase 1 promotes gastric cancer progression by regulating the tumor growth factor-beta signaling pathway

BACKGROUND The role of Tousled-like kinase 1(TLK1)in in gastric cancer(GC)remains unclear.AIM To investigate the expression,biological function,and underlying mechanisms of TLK1 in GC.METHODS We measured TLK1 protein expression levels and localized TLK1 in GC cells and tissues by western blot and immunofluorescence,respectively.We transfected various GC cells with lentiviruses to create TLK1 overexpression and knockdown lines and established the functional roles of TLK1 through in vitro colony formation,5-ethynyl-2`-deoxyuridine,and Transwell assays as well as flow cytometry.We applied bioinformatics to elucidate the signaling pathways associated with TLK1.We performed in vivo validation of TLK1 functions by inducing subcutaneous xenograft tumors in nude mice.RESULTS TLK1 was significantly upregulated in GC cells and tissues compared to their normal counterparts and was localized mainly to the nucleus.TLK1 knockdown significantly decreased colony formation,proliferation,invasion,and migration but increased apoptosis in GC cells.TLK1 overexpression had the opposite effects.Bioinformatics revealed,and subsequent experiments verified,that the tumor growth factor-beta signaling pathway was implicated in TLK1-mediated GC progression.The in vivo assays confirmed that TLK1 promotes tumorigenesis in GC.CONCLUSION The findings of the present study indicated that TLK1 plays a crucial role in GC progression and is,therefore,promising as a therapeutic target against this disease.

Roles of Smad3 and Smad7 in rat pancreatic stellate cells activated by transforming growth factor-beta 1

BACKGROUND: Pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) play a major role in promoting pancreatic fibrosis. Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) is a critical mediator of this process. This study aimed to determine the expression of the Smad3 and Smad7 genes in the process of PSC activation, and explore the mechanisms of chronic pancreatitis. METHODS: The expressions of Smad3 and Smad7 in PSCs before and after TGF-beta 1 treatment were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting analysis. Smad3 expression was detected in PSCs after treatment with 5 ng/ml of TGF-beta 1 for 24 hours. RESULTS: Smad7 expression was decreased in TGF-beta 1 -activated PSCs (P<0.05) in a dose-dependent manner. When TGF-beta 1 concentration reached 10 ng/ml, the expression of p-Smad3, Smad3, and Smad7 was inhibited (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: TGF-beta 1 promotes the expression of Smad3 and inhibits the expression of Smad7 during the activation of PSCs. In contrast, high-dose TGF-beta 1 downregulates the expression of Smad3 in completely activated PSCs.

Effects of RNA interference targeting transforming growth factor-beta 1 on immune hepatic fibrosis induced by Concanavalin A in mice

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown that transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) is the most potent means of stimulating liver fibrogenesis by myofibroblast-like cells derived from hepatic stellate cells. Thus, TGF-beta 1 could be a target for treating hepatic fibrosis. This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effects of specific TGF-beta 1 small interference RNA (siRNA) on immune hepatic fibrosis induced by Concanavalin A (Con A) in mice. METHODS: Three short hairpin RNAs targeting different positions of TGF-beta 1 were designed and cloned to the plasmid pGenesil-1 to obtain three recombinant expression vectors (pGenesil-TGF-beta 1-ml, pGenesil-TGF-beta 1-m2 and pGenesil-TGF-beta 1-m3). Thirty male Kunming mice were randomly divided into 6 groups: normal, model, control, and three treatment groups. The immune hepatic fibrosis models were constructed by injecting Con A via the tail vein at 8 mg/kg per week for 6 weeks. At weeks 2, 4 and 6, pGenesil-TGF-beta 1-ml, pGenesil-TGF-beta 1-m2 or pGenesi1-TGF-beta 1-m3 was injected by a hydrodynamics-based transfection method via the tail vein at 0.8 ml/10 g within 24 hours after injection of Con A in each of the three treatment groups. The mice in the control group were injected with control plasmid pGenesil-HK at the same dose. All mice were sacrificed at week 7. The levels of hydroxyproline in liver tissue were determined by biochemistry. Liver histopathology was assessed by Van Gieson staining. The expression levels and localization of TGF-beta 1, Smad3, and Smad7 in liver tissue were detected by immunohistochemistry. The expression of TGF-beta 1, Smad3, Smad7 and alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) mRNAs in the liver were assessed by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. RESULTS: The levels of hydroxyproline in the liver tissue of the treatment groups were lower than those of the model group (P<0.01). Histopathologic assay showed that liver fibrogenesis was clearly improved in the treatment groups compared with the model group. The expression levels of TGF-beta 1 and Smad3 of liver tissue were also markedly lower in the treatment groups than in the model group (P<0.01), while the levels of Smad7 were higher in the treatment groups than in the model group (P<0.01). RT-PCR further showed that the expression of TGF-beta 1, Smad3 and alpha-SMA mRNA was significantly inhibited in the treatment groups compared with the model group, while the levels of Smad7 were increased. There was no difference in the above parameters among the three treatment groups or between the control and model groups (P>0.05), but the inhibitory effect of pGenesil-TGF-beta 1-ml was the highest among the treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS: Specific siRNA targeting of TGF-beta 1 markedly inhibited the fibrogenesis of immune hepatic fibrosis induced by Con A in mice. The anti-fibrosis mechanisms of siRNAs may be associated with the down-regulation of TGF-beta 1, Smad3 and alpha-SMA expression and up-regulation of Smad7 expression in liver tissue, which resulted in suppressing the activation of hepatic stellate cells. (Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2009; 8: 300-308)

Pre-ischemia electro-acupuncture potentiates the expression of Bcl-2 and transforming growth factor-beta 1 in rat brains

The expression of the anti-apoptotic molecules Bcl-2 and transforming growth factor-beta 1 is known to confer protective effects on the cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.The current study investigated the expression levels of Bcl-2 and transforming growth factor-beta 1 in response to multiple pre-ischemia electro-acupuncture at acupoints Zusanli（ST36）and Fengchi（GB20） stimulation.Rats were divided into five groups：uninjured,control,non-acupoint,GB20 and ST36. Rats in the non-acupoint,GB20 and ST36 groups received 30 minutes（3 times or 18 times）of electro-acupuncture stimulation before experimental cerebral ischemia was induced.Bcl-2 and transforming growth factor-beta 1 were found to be significantly increased in the ST36 groups with either 3 or 18 electro-acupuncture treatments（P〈0.05）.The production was higher with 18 electro-acupuncture treatments in the ST36 groups（P〈0.05）.In the GB20 groups,significant increase was only observed in transforming growth factor-beta 1 with 18 electro-acupuncture treatments（P〈0.05）.No significant elevation of the level of transforming growth factor-beta 1 was observed in the non-acupoint groups.However,the production of Bcl-2 increased with 18 treatments in the non-acupoint groups（P〈0.05）.The data suggest that multiple pre-ischemia electro-acupuncture at ST36 was effective in conferring neuroprotective effect on the brain by means of upregulation of Bcl-2 and transforming growth factor-beta 1 and the effect was increase with the number of treatment.

Platelet-rich plasma increases transforming growth factor-beta1 expression at graft-host interface following autologous osteochondral transplantation in a rabbit model

AIM: To explore the effect of platelet-rich plasma on protein expression patterns of transforming growth factor-beta1(TGF-β1) in cartilage following autologous osteochondral transplantation(AOT) in a rabbit knee cartilage defect model.METHODS: Twelve New Zealand white rabbits received bilateral AOT. In each rabbit, one knee was randomized to receive an autologous platelet rich plasma(PRP) injection and the contralateral knee received saline injection. Rabbits were euthanized at 3, 6 and 12 wk post-operatively. Articular cartilage sections were stained with TGF-β1 antibody. Histological regions of interest(ROI)(left, right and center of the autologous grafts interfaces) were evaluated using Meta Morph. Percentage of chondrocytes positive for TGF-β1 was then assessed.RESULTS: Percentage of chondrocytes positive for TGF-β1 was higher in PRP treated knees for selected ROIs(left; P = 0.03, center; P = 0.05) compared to control and was also higher in the PRP group at each post-operative time point(P = 6.6 × 10^(-4), 3.1 × 10^(-4) and 7.3 × 10^(-3) for 3, 6 and 12 wk, respectively). TGF-β1 expression was higher in chondrocytes of PRP-treated knees(36% ± 29% vs 15% ± 18%)(P = 1.8 × 10^(-6)) overall for each post-operative time point and ROI. CONCLUSION: Articular cartilage of rabbits treated with AOT and PRP exhibit increased TGF-β1 expression compared to those treated with AOT and saline. Our findings suggest that adjunctive PRP may increase TGF-β1 expression, which may play a role in the chondrogenic effect of PRP in vivo.

Deciphering the role of transforming growth factor-beta 1 as a diagnostic-prognostic-therapeutic candidate against hepatocellular carcinoma

Transforming growth factor-beta(TGF-β)is a multifunctional cytokine that performs a dual role as a tumor suppressor and tumor promoter during cancer progression.Among different ligands of the TGF-βfamily,TGF-β1 modulates most of its biological outcomes.Despite the abundant expression of TGF-β1 in the liver,steatosis to hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)progression triggers elevated TGF-β1 levels,contributing to poor prognosis and survival.Additionally,elevated TGF-β1 levels in the tumor microenvironment create an immunosuppressive stage via various mechanisms.TGF-β1 has a prime role as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in HCC.Moreover,TGF-β1 is widely studied as a therapeutic target either as monotherapy or combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors.This review provides clinical relevance and up-to-date information regarding the potential of TGF-β1 in diagnosis,prognosis,and therapy against HCC.

Dab2 attenuates brain injury in APP/PS1 mice via targeting transforming growth factor-beta/SMAD signaling

Transforming growth factor-beta （TGF-β） type II receptor （TβRⅡ） levels are extremely low in the brain tissue of patients with Alzheimer＇s disease. This receptor inhibits TGF-β1/SMAD signaling and thereby aggravates amyolid-beta deposition and neuronal injury. Dab2, a specific adapter protein, protects T RII from degradation and ensures the effective conduction of TGF-β 1/SMAD signaling. In this study, we used an adenoviral vector to overexpress the Dab2 gene in the mouse hippocampus and investigated the regulatory effect of Dab2 protein on TGF-β1/SMAD signaling in a mouse model of Alzheimer＇s disease, and the potential neuroprotective effect. The results showed that the TβRⅡ level was lower.in APP/PS1 mouse hippocampus than in normal mouse hippocampus. After Dab2 expression, hippocampal TβRⅡ and p-SMAD2/3 levels were signifi- cantly increased, while amyloid-beta deposition, microglia activation, tumor necrosis factor- and interleulin-6 levels and neuronal loss were significantly attenuated in APP/PS1 mouse brain tissue. These results suggest that Dab2 can exhibit neuroprotective effects in Alzheimer＇s disease by regulating TGF-β1/SMAD signaling.

Correlation between expression of two transforming growth factor-beta 1 receptors and microvascular density in a rat model of cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury

The effects of transforming growth factor-β1 （TGF-β1） are currently controversial. Whether TGF-β1 promotes or inhibits revascularization under different conditions remains poorly understood. Based on previous studies, the current experiment established rat models of cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury （IRI）, and demonstrated that pathological and functional damage was also increased after IRI. The most serious damage was observed at 3 days after reperfusion, at which time microvascular density fell to its lowest level. Soon afterwards, microvascular density increased, new collateral circulation was gradually established at 4 to 7 days after reperfusion, and pathological damage and neurological deficits were improved. TGF-β1, activin receptor-like kinase 5 （ALK5） mRNA and protein expression levels increased gradually over time. In contrast, ALK1 mRNA and protein expression decreased over the same period. A significant negative correlation was detected between microvascular density and expression of the ALK5 gene transcript. There was no correlation between microvascular density and ALK1 gene transcriptional expression following cerebral IRI in a rat model. These findings suggest that ALK5, rather than ALK1, is the critical receptor in the TGF-β1 signal pathways after cerebral IRI.

Expression and clinical significance of dendritic cell and transforming growth factor-beta 1 in cervical cancer

Objective:To explore the density and mature status of Dendritic cell(DC) in cervical cancer and correlation with the expression of transforming growth factor-beta 1(TGF-β1).Methods:Streptavidin-peroxidase(SP) immunohistochemistry methods were used to detect S-100 DC and the expression of TGF-β1 in 20 normal cervical tissues and 53 cervical cancer tissues without any sort of chemotherapy or radiation therapy prior to resection.Medical records were reviewed,clinicopathological variables were retrieved and used for analysis.Results:Two types of DC were observed under the microscope.The expression of DC in cervical cancer was significantly higher than that in normal tissues(23.34 cells/mm^2 vs 29.91 cells/mm^2,P<0.05),and significantly higher in early stage than that in advanced stage(P<0.05).The expression of TGF-β1 was significantly higher in cervical cancer than that in normal tissues (P<0.025).However,there was no correaction between TGF-β1 and lymph nodes metastasis.The index of DC in cervical cancer was negatively correlated to the expression of TGF-β1 in tumor cells (r=-0.8875,P=0.0001).Conclusion:Maturation of DC in cervical cancer is inhibited.The decreased number of DC and the higher expression of TGF-β1 are due to the failure of the immunity,these may play an important role in the development of the cervical cancer.

Expression of Cyclooxygenase-2 and Transforming Growth Factor-Beta 1 in Patients with the Early Recurrence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Following Hepatectomy

Background: Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1) are modulated in variety cancers including Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, there is a paucity of data concerning their role in the pathologic process of recurrence of HCC following hepatectomy. We herein assessed the role of the hepatic expression of COX-2 and TGF-β as predictors for patients with early recurrence within 2 years of HCC diagnosis. Methods: Sixty patients with HCC who underwent curative hepatectomy between 2000 and 2003 were entered in the present study. The immunoreactivity and distribution patterns of COX-2 and TGF-β1 were examined in both the HCC and the adjacent nonHCC tissues of the liver. Risk factors of tumor recurrence within 2 years, including COX-2 and TGF-β1 expression, were investigated by univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: Among 60 patients, 31 patients had early recurrences within 2 years and 14 patients recurred after 2 years following surgery. Patients with low COX-2 expression in the HCC tissues and adjacent nonHCC tissues had favorable disease-free survival (p = 0.002 and p β1 expression in the nonHCC tissues had also longer disease-free survival (p = 0.045). Based on the expression patterns of COX-2 and TGF-β1, patients with low COX-2 and positive TGF-β1 expression in the nonHCC tissues had favorable overall and disease-free survival (p β1 signaling in nontumor tissues suggested high risk of recurrence and poor survival to the HCC patients following hepatectomy.

儿童慢性粒细胞白血病慢性期红细胞参数及血清bFGF、TGF-β1、VEGF表达变化分析

目的探究儿童慢性粒细胞白血病(CML)慢性期红细胞参数及血清碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)、转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)及血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)表达变化。方法前瞻性选取2020年1月至2023年1月在首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院进行治疗的54例CML慢性期患儿为研究组,另随机抽取46名同期在本院进行体检的健康儿童为健康对照组。研究组给予酪氨酸激酶抑制剂治疗。比较两组间红细胞参数及血清bFGF、TGF-β1、VEGF表达变化,并比较研究组治疗前后红细胞参数及血清bFGF、TGF-β1、VEGF表达水平。结果研究组的RBC、血红蛋白、红细胞压积(HCT)及平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度(MCHC)水平分别为(3.45±0.04)×10^(12)/L、(102.33±1.15)g/L、(32.03±0.61)%、322.15±2.58,均显著低于对照组[(4.98±0.03)×10^(12)/L、(149.78±1.88)g/L、(44.33±0.31)%、334.12±0.77],平均红细胞体积(MCV)、平均红细胞血红蛋白含量(MCH)及红细胞体积分布宽度(RDW)水平分别为(91.44±0.77)fL、(33.15±2.55)pg、(17.55±0.12)%,均显著高于对照组[(89.88±0.34)fL、(30.24±0.16)pg、(12.66±0.11)%],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组的血清bFGF、VEGF水平分别为(30.66±9.66)、(128.68±30.58)pg/mL,均显著高于对照组[(5.26±1.54)、(70.66±11.26)pg/mL],TGF-β1水平为(38.22±8.06)μg/L,显著低于对照组[(78.66±8.13)μg/L],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,研究组患儿的RBC、血红蛋白、HCT、MCV及MCH水平均较治疗前显著降低,MCHC及RDW水平均较治疗前显著升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组治疗后的血清bFGF、VEGF水平均较治疗前显著降低,TGF-β1水平较治疗前显著升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在儿童CML慢性期患儿中可见血细胞参数明显异常,血清bFGF、VEGF水平显著升高,TGF-β1水平显著降低。酪氨酸激酶抑制剂治疗CML慢性期能有效改善患儿红细胞形态及功能,抑制肿瘤细胞生长,临床疗效显著,值得临床推广使用。

鉴定LTBP1作为胃癌预后的生物标志物及其与肿瘤免疫微环境的相关性

目的探索潜在转化生长因子β结合蛋白1(latent transforming growth factor beta binding protein 1,LTBP1)在胃癌发生发展及免疫微环境中的生物学功能。方法在TCGA数据库中分析LTBP1在泛癌中的表达,然后通过胃癌组织和癌旁组织进行验证。通过回归比例分析法分析LTBP1表达与临床病理变量之间的相关性。Cox回归分析和Kaplan-Meier图用于评估LTBP1在胃癌中的预后价值。通过TIMER分析LTBP1的表达水平与胃癌中免疫细胞浸润之间的相关性。免疫组织化学染色检测LTBP1蛋白在胃癌组织及癌旁组织中的表达水平。结果与正常胃组织相比,胃癌组织中LTBP1表达显著上调。其表达与病理TNM分期显著相关。LTBP1高表达的胃癌患者的总体生存率(overall survival,OS)缩短。免疫组化结果显示,与癌旁组织相比,LTBP1在胃癌组织中显著高表达。TIMER检测发现LTBP1的表达与3种免疫细胞浸润呈正相关。结论LTBP1可能是胃癌预后的一个潜在生物标志物,并影响癌症的肿瘤免疫微环境。

上皮细胞转化序列2通过调控p33生长抑制因子1表达影响食管鳞状细胞癌细胞的体外转移活性

目的探讨上皮细胞转化序列2(ECT2)与p33生长抑制因子1(p33ING1)的表达水平对食管鳞状细胞癌(ESCC)细胞转移活性的影响。方法采用免疫组织化学法和免疫印迹法检测食管鳞癌组织和癌旁组织中ECT2和p33ING1的表达情况。将人食管鳞癌细胞系KYSE140细胞分为4组:空白组、阴性对照组(pcDNA 3.1 NC)组、过表达组(pcDNA 3.1 ECT2)和抑制表达组(si ECT2)。采用MTT法和细胞集落形成实验研究细胞的增殖和生长能力,Transwell实验和划痕实验研究细胞的侵袭和迁移能力,并用流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡率和细胞周期,Western blotting检测ECT2对p33ING1蛋白的影响。结果在食管鳞癌组织中ECT2表达增加,p33ING1表达降低。过表达ECT2能够显著增加KYSE140细胞的生长、集落形成、迁移以及侵袭能力,并能降低KYSE140细胞的凋亡率和p33ING1的表达;此外,抑制ECT2表达后能够逆转上述变化。结论ECT2高表达能够促进食管鳞癌KYSE140细胞的生长、转移,并抑制其凋亡,其机制可能与ECT2能够抑制p33ING1表达相关。

血清胱抑素C、内皮素-1、转化生长因子-β1预测高尿酸血症患者非布司他治疗后疗效的价值

目的研究血清胱抑素C、内皮素-1、转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)预测高尿酸血症(HUA)非布司他治疗后疗效的价值。方法回顾性分析2021年1月至2023年1月在武警山西总队医院收治的160例HUA患者的临床资料,所有患者均口服非布司他进行治疗,根据患者使用非布司他治疗3个月后的疗效情况分为有效组(n=118)和无效组(n=42)。观察两组基础资料信息[性别、年龄、体重指数、病程、疾病类型、合并高血压、合并糖尿病、血肌酐、肾小球过滤率(GFR)、血尿酸、胱抑素C、内皮素-1、TGF-β1水平]差异。采用多因素Logistic回归分析影响HUA患者非布司他治疗效果的危险因素。绘制受试者操作特征(ROC)曲线评估血清胱抑素C、内皮素-1、TGF-β1预测HUA患者非布司他治疗效果的效能。结果两组性别构成比、年龄、体重指数、病程、疾病类型、合并高血压、合并糖尿病、血肌酐、eGFR比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);无效组的血尿酸、胱抑素C、内皮素-1、TGF-β1水平分别为(435.89±33.05)μmol/L、(10.84±1.65)mg/L、(32.81±5.55)ng/L、(25.74±4.85)ng/mL,均显著高于有效组[(351.85±24.76)μmol/L、(8.15±1.43)mg/L、(24.56±4.12)ng/L、(19.28±3.62)ng/mL],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经多因素Logistic回归分析证实,血清血尿酸、胱抑素C、内皮素-1、TGF-β1高水平均是影响HUA患者非布司他治疗无效的危险因素(P<0.05)。经ROC分析证实,血清胱抑素C、内皮素-1、TGF-β1可用于HUA患者非布司他治疗效果的预测,曲线下面积分别为0.917、0.853、0.825,预测价值较好(P<0.05)。结论血清血尿酸、胱抑素C、内皮素-1、TGF-β1高水平均是影响HUA患者非布司他治疗效果的危险因素,可将以上指标作为评估HUA患者非布司他治疗效果的标志物,为临床降低HUA治疗无效风险提供参考。

血清LTBP2、TM4SF1在大肠癌患者预后评估中的研究

目的探讨血清转化生长因子结合蛋白2(LTBP2)、四次跨膜蛋白1(TM4SF1)在大肠癌患者预后评估中的意义。方法将南阳市中心医院2016年7月至2019年7月手术治疗的大肠癌患者108例作为试验组,同期108例健康体检者作为对照组。采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测两组血清LTBP2、TM4SF1水平;比较不同血清LTBP2和TM4SF1表达水平的大肠癌患者临床资料的差异;采用免疫组化染色法分析大肠癌组织中LTBP2、TM4SF1的表达;Pearson相关分析明确血清LTBP2和TM4SF1表达的相关性;受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析血清LTBP2和TM4SF1联合评估大肠癌患者预后的价值。结果试验组血清LTBP2和TM4SF1水平均高于对照组(P<0.05),二者表达水平呈正相关(r=0.305,P<0.05),大肠癌组织LTBP2和TM4SF1表达阳性率高于癌旁组织(P<0.05)。肿瘤直径>5cm、肿瘤低分化、有淋巴结转移、TNM分期Ⅲ~Ⅳ期、有脉管瘤栓的大肠癌患者血清LTBP2和TM4SF1表达水平高于患者肿瘤直径≤5 cm、肿瘤中高分化、无淋巴结转移、TNM分期Ⅰ~Ⅱ期、无脉管瘤栓的大肠癌患者(P<0.05)。血清LTBP2、TM4SF1联合预测大肠癌患者预后不良的AUC为0.886。结论大肠癌患者血清LTBP2和TM4SF1水平升高,二者联合对大肠癌患者预后不良具有较好的预测价值。

褐藻聚合酚下调TGF-β_(1)/Smads信号通路抑制大肠癌细胞增殖与侵袭

目的探讨褐藻聚合酚(PFFE-A)对大肠癌细胞增殖与侵袭的影响,以及其对转化生长因子β_(1)(TGF-β_(1))及母体抗生物皮肤生长因子同源物2/3(Smad2/3)通路的调控作用。方法细胞分组:依次以50、100、150μmol·L-1的小、中、大剂量的PFFE-A干预细胞,另设立正常对照组细胞。5-乙炔基-2'脱氧尿苷(EdU)染色检测细胞的增殖;Transwell小室检测细胞的侵袭能力;异种种植结肠癌裸鼠模型检测细胞的体内生长与转移能力;实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(RT-qPCR)检测细胞中上皮间质转化(EMT)相关基因的表达;Western blotting检测细胞中TGF-β_(1)、p-Smad2/3的表达水平。结果与正常对照组比较,PFFE-A小、中、大剂量组细胞的增殖率、侵袭细胞数、肿瘤瘤体质量、病灶转移比例、神经型钙黏附蛋白(N-cadherin)的mRNA的表达、TGF-β_(1)和p-Smad2/3的表达明显下降(P<0.05),E-钙黏蛋白(E-cadherin)的mRNA的表达明显升高(P<0.05),具有明显的剂量依赖性(P<0.05)。结论PFFE-A能抑制肿瘤细胞的EMT过程,抑制大肠癌细胞HT29的体外增殖与侵袭能力,下调其体内生长与转移的能力,这可能是通过下调TGF-β_(1)/Smads信号实现的。

血清LRG1、TGF-β1水平与急性脑梗死颈动脉内膜中层厚度及近期预后不良的关系

目的探讨血清富亮氨酸α-2糖蛋白-1(LRG1)、转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)水平与急性脑梗死(ACI)颈动脉内膜中层厚度(IMT)及近期预后不良的关系。方法选取2020年1月至2023年1月在苏州市广济医院诊治的123例ACI患者,根据IMT将患者分为正常组(23例)、增厚组(30例)和斑块组(70例),另选取同期苏州市广济医院35例体检健康者作为健康对照组,比较4组血清LRG1、TGF-β1水平及IMT。随访3个月,根据预后情况将患者分为预后良好组(75例)和预后不良组(48例),采用Pearson法分析血清LRG1、TGF-β1与IMT的相关性;采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析ACI患者近期预后不良的危险因素;采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析血清LRG1、TGF-β1水平对ACI患者近期预后不良的预测价值。结果健康对照组、正常组、增厚组、斑块组血清LRG1水平依次升高,TGF-β1水平则依次降低(P<0.05)。Pearson相关性分析显示,血清LRG1与IMT呈正相关,TGF-β1则与IMT呈负相关(P<0.05)。预后不良组年龄、合并糖尿病患者占比、入院美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、空腹血糖(FPG)、白细胞计数(WBC)、C-反应蛋白(CRP)及血清LRG1水平均高于预后良好组(P<0.05),发病至溶栓时间长于预后良好组(P<0.05),血清TGF-β1水平则低于预后良好组(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,NIHSS评分高、发病至溶栓时间长、血清LRG1水平升高及TGF-β1水平降低均是影响ACI患者近期近期预后不良的危险因素(P<0.05)。ROC曲线结果显示,血清LRG1、TGF-β1单独及联合预测ACI患者近期预后不良的曲线下面积分别为0.824、0.708、0.902。结论ACI患者存在血清LRG1水平升高、TGF-β1水平降低的情况,血清LRG1、TGF-β1水平与IMT及ACI患者近期预后密切相关,联合检测血清LRG1、TGF-β1水平对预测ACI患者近期预后不良有较高的参考价值。

牛磺熊去氧胆酸通过调节内质网应激抑制转化生长因子β1所诱导的心肌成纤维细胞纤维化

目的探讨牛磺熊去氧胆酸(TUDCA)对转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)所诱导的心肌成纤维细胞(CFs)活化的作用及相关机制,为TUDCA治疗糖尿病心肌纤维化提供新的治疗目标。方法提取原代SD乳鼠CFs和心肌细胞,通过免疫荧光法鉴定CFs的纯度。分别将高糖培养下的CFs用不同时间的TGF-β1干预,用Western blot检测内质网应激(ERS)通路相关蛋白和纤维化指标的表达,探讨TGF-β1对CFs活化及ERS相关通路的影响。用Western blot检测CFs和心肌细胞内同型半胱氨酸内质网应激泛素样结构域1(Herpud1)的表达情况。通过沉默Herpud1的表达及用Transwell和Western blot检测沉默Herpud1后CFs纤维化指标的表达,探讨Herpud1在TGF-β1诱导的CFs活化中的作用。用CCK-8检测不同浓度的TUDCA处理下CFs的活力。用免疫荧光和Western blot检测TUDCA对TGF-β1诱导的CFs中Herpud1、葡萄糖调节蛋白78(GRP78)、转录激活因子6(ATF6)、α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)、波形蛋白(Vimentin)和Ⅰ型胶原蛋白(CollagenⅠ)表达的影响。为进一步明确Herpud1在TUDCA抑制CFs活化中的作用,用Western blot检测过表达Herpud1后相关蛋白的表达情况。结果在成功构建CFs纤维化模型的基础上,TGF-β1能够诱导CFs活化及ERS通路相关蛋白的表达;Herpud1在CFs中的表达高于心肌细胞;敲除Herpud1可抑制TGF-β1所诱导的CFs活化;TUDCA能显著降低TGF-β1诱导的CFs中GRP78、ATF6、α-SMA、Vimentin和CollagenⅠ的表达水平;此外,过表达Herpud1还可逆转TUDCA对TGF-β1诱导的CFs活化的抑制。结论下调Herpud1基因的表达是TUDCA抑制TGF-β1诱导的CFs纤维化的机制之一。