Simulation of a vehicle hydraulic propulsion system

The characteristics of a hybrid hydraulic vehicle driven by the hydraulic common rail propulsion system with a hydraulic free-piston engine and a hydraulic transformer were studied.A mathematical model of the propulsion system was established and a control method of the propulsion system was proposed.Extensive simulation results of hybrid hydraulic vehicles with the hydraulic common rail propulsion system were presented.The hydraulic common rail propulsion system achieved the switch power control and the constant power propulsion.The control method based on the propulsion,break and speed limit requirement was verified.Our results showed that the hydraulic common rail propulsion system gained an ideal acceleration process.

Magnetically assisted gas-solid fluidization in a tapered vessel:Part Ⅰ. Magnetization-LAST mode

This article presents further experimental results of the Magnetization-LAST mode in magnetically assisted gas-fluidized tapered beds, including external transverse magnetic field control of solid phase movement, central channel formation, spout depth and the pressure drop across the bed. Phase diagrams similar to those recently reported for the Magnetization-FIRST mode were also developed. Dimensional analysis based on ＂pressure transform＂ of the initial set of variables and involving the magnetic granular Bond number pertinent to particle aggregate formation was applied to develop the scaling relationships.

Cooperative effect from cation and anion of pyridine-containing anion-based ionic liquids for catalysing CO_2 transformation at ambient conditions

Pyridine-containing anion-based ionic liquids(PA-ILs) with two kinds of interaction sites to bind CO_2, e.g., [P4444][2-OP], were found to be highly efficient for catalysing the cycloaddition reactions of atmospheric CO_2 with epoxides at room temperature under metal-and halogen-free conditions, producing a series of cyclic carbonates in high yields. It was demonstrated that the cooperative interaction from two interaction sites in the anions of PA-ILs activated CO_2, while the cation activated the epoxides substrates via coordination to the central P+ unit, thus resulting in the high activity of the IL catalysts.

Magnetically assisted gas-solid fluidization in a tapered vessel:Part II Dimensionless bed expansion scaling

The article presents an effort to create dimensionless scaling correlations of the overall bed porosity in the case of magnetically assisted fluidization in a tapered vessel with external transverse magnetic field. This is a stand of portion of new branch in the magnetically assisted fluidization recently created concerning employment of tapered vessels. Dimensional analysis based on ＂pressure transform＂ of the initial set of variables and involving the magnetic granular Bond number has been applied to develop scaling relationships of dimensionless groups representing ratios of pressures created by the fluid flow, gravity and the magnetic field over an elementary volume of the fluidized bed. Special attention has been paid on the existing data correlations developed for non-magnetic beds and the links to the new ones especially developed for tapered magnetic counterparts. A special dimensionless variable Xp = （Ar△Dbt）1/3√RgMQ combining Archimedes and Rosensweig numbers has been conceived for porosity correlation. Data correlations have been performed by power-law, exponential decay and asymptotic functions with analysis of their adequacies and accuracies of approximation.

A Review on the Regulation of Magnetic Transitions and the Related Magnetocaloric Properties in Ni-Mn-Co-Sn Alloys

In Ni-Mn-X（X=In,Sn,Sb） ferromagnetic shape memory alloys,a ferromagnetic transition from paramagnetic to ferromagnetic austenite and a martensitic transformation from ferromagnetic austenite to weak magnetic martensite occur in some particular composition ranges,in which abundant physical properties have been observed by the abrupt change of magnetization and resistivity around their transition temperatures in these alloys.Therefore,tuning the martensitic transformation temperature（TM） and enlarging the workingtemperature interval for Ni-Mn-X（X=In,Sn,Sb） alloys,are of great importance.In the present paper,we will focus on the effect of external factors,including pre-deformation,annealing,and high pressure annealing,on the magnetic transitions and the related magnetocaloric properties in Ni-Mn-Co-Sn ferromagnetic shape memory alloys.Our approaches and the main results in this particular field will be reviewed.