In order to better describe the commuter's travel decision-making behavior under different travel environment,heterogeneous commuters and types are defined,and the commuters are divided into three types,including ...In order to better describe the commuter's travel decision-making behavior under different travel environment,heterogeneous commuters and types are defined,and the commuters are divided into three types,including conservative type,neutral type and adventure type,respectively,analysis on the travel environment supply and the travel environment demand.Suppose the travel demand obeys the gamma distribution and the capacity obeys the beta distribution,and the travel time function of different commuter type is deduced,the travel decision model based on the cumulative foreground theory is established.Analyze the example results,compared with the fluctuation of travel demand,the degradation of traffic capacity has a more significant impact on travel decision-making behavior;and different types of commuters cause different disturbances to travel decision-making behavior.展开更多
This paper applies Yourdon's (1989) structured systems analysis techniques to transport planning, and the environmental analysis of transport plans. It is usual for planners to treat these activities as separate p...This paper applies Yourdon's (1989) structured systems analysis techniques to transport planning, and the environmental analysis of transport plans. It is usual for planners to treat these activities as separate processes or 'systems'. Six serious shortcomings are identified in prevailing approaches to accounting for the environmental impacts of transport plans. The application of systems analysis has elucidated opportunities for overcoming these problems by integrating the two processes. The paper highlights the benefits of using these methods to direct research into, and development of, an integrated transport planning- environmental analysis system. Techniques applied are data flow diagrams, a Venn diagram and an entity-relationship diagram. Significant potential exists for integration within a geographic information system(GIS), although adoption of integrated methods by transport planners is likely to be incremental. Research confirms the usefulness of systems analysis in guiding the development of a GIS application to accommodate integrated transport planning and environmental analysis. Systems analysis also facilitates more careful and effective design of the databases underlying GIS analysis.展开更多
绿色出行引导效果受外部信息及出行者选择偏好影响,需要考虑出行者潜在属性类别的异质性。自我呈现表现为人们通过控制与自己有关的信息来影响他人对自己的印象,体现了信息与选择偏好的交互作用。为定量分析出行者自我呈现意识和环保意...绿色出行引导效果受外部信息及出行者选择偏好影响,需要考虑出行者潜在属性类别的异质性。自我呈现表现为人们通过控制与自己有关的信息来影响他人对自己的印象,体现了信息与选择偏好的交互作用。为定量分析出行者自我呈现意识和环保意识对出行方式选择行为的影响,本文通过问卷调查收集到1382份有效样本,利用潜在类别模型(Latent Class Model,LCM)将出行者划分为高自我呈现组(18.23%)、中自我呈现组(20.26%)和低自我呈现组(61.51%)。离散选择模型的结果表明,出行者在进行方式选择时更关注出行时间和出行方式自身的特性,若不考虑方式特性,会高估出行费用对高自我呈现组的影响。高自我呈现组仅在短距离出行中对公共交通有强烈偏好,对于6~10 km的出行,选择私家车倾向明显。中短距离的出行中,低自我呈现组对骑行的偏好价值可以在一定程度上抵消过长出行时间带来的负效用。构建考虑出行者异质性的方式选择模型,可为政府和相关部门制定更协调、有针对性的交通调控政策及公共交通运营策略提供理论依据。展开更多
基金Sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant o.50808021)
文摘In order to better describe the commuter's travel decision-making behavior under different travel environment,heterogeneous commuters and types are defined,and the commuters are divided into three types,including conservative type,neutral type and adventure type,respectively,analysis on the travel environment supply and the travel environment demand.Suppose the travel demand obeys the gamma distribution and the capacity obeys the beta distribution,and the travel time function of different commuter type is deduced,the travel decision model based on the cumulative foreground theory is established.Analyze the example results,compared with the fluctuation of travel demand,the degradation of traffic capacity has a more significant impact on travel decision-making behavior;and different types of commuters cause different disturbances to travel decision-making behavior.
文摘This paper applies Yourdon's (1989) structured systems analysis techniques to transport planning, and the environmental analysis of transport plans. It is usual for planners to treat these activities as separate processes or 'systems'. Six serious shortcomings are identified in prevailing approaches to accounting for the environmental impacts of transport plans. The application of systems analysis has elucidated opportunities for overcoming these problems by integrating the two processes. The paper highlights the benefits of using these methods to direct research into, and development of, an integrated transport planning- environmental analysis system. Techniques applied are data flow diagrams, a Venn diagram and an entity-relationship diagram. Significant potential exists for integration within a geographic information system(GIS), although adoption of integrated methods by transport planners is likely to be incremental. Research confirms the usefulness of systems analysis in guiding the development of a GIS application to accommodate integrated transport planning and environmental analysis. Systems analysis also facilitates more careful and effective design of the databases underlying GIS analysis.
文摘绿色出行引导效果受外部信息及出行者选择偏好影响,需要考虑出行者潜在属性类别的异质性。自我呈现表现为人们通过控制与自己有关的信息来影响他人对自己的印象,体现了信息与选择偏好的交互作用。为定量分析出行者自我呈现意识和环保意识对出行方式选择行为的影响,本文通过问卷调查收集到1382份有效样本,利用潜在类别模型(Latent Class Model,LCM)将出行者划分为高自我呈现组(18.23%)、中自我呈现组(20.26%)和低自我呈现组(61.51%)。离散选择模型的结果表明,出行者在进行方式选择时更关注出行时间和出行方式自身的特性,若不考虑方式特性,会高估出行费用对高自我呈现组的影响。高自我呈现组仅在短距离出行中对公共交通有强烈偏好,对于6~10 km的出行,选择私家车倾向明显。中短距离的出行中,低自我呈现组对骑行的偏好价值可以在一定程度上抵消过长出行时间带来的负效用。构建考虑出行者异质性的方式选择模型,可为政府和相关部门制定更协调、有针对性的交通调控政策及公共交通运营策略提供理论依据。
