This paper discusses the application of infrastructure standards in pain treatment rooms.The infrastructure construction standards of pain treatment room include hardware facility standards and software facility stand...This paper discusses the application of infrastructure standards in pain treatment rooms.The infrastructure construction standards of pain treatment room include hardware facility standards and software facility standards.The hardware facilities include the area of pain treatment room,basic equipment and apparatus,basic first-aid medicine.Software facilities include system,personnel qualification and personnel training.展开更多
Objective:To examine the leakage radiation dose from the accelerator module's primary beam self-shielding,aswell as stray radiation levels and distribution in the treatment room across various planes for the innov...Objective:To examine the leakage radiation dose from the accelerator module's primary beam self-shielding,aswell as stray radiation levels and distribution in the treatment room across various planes for the innovative X/γmultimodal radiotherapy system,TaiChi Pro,which is the world's first digitally integrated system that combines alinear accelerator,multi-source rotational focused gamma knife,and multi-modal image guidance,in order toformulate treatment room safety strategies and estimate additional radiation doses to patients.Methods:The TaiChi Pro multi-mode integrated radiotherapy system was utilized with a 6 MV X-ray accelerator inthe flatten-filter free(FFF)treatment mode.The system has a primary radiation beam self-shielding,and anisocenter dose rate of 800 cGy/min.For detection points in various planes,an x,y,z coordinate system wasestablished with the isocenter as the origin.To simulate the situation of patient,water-equivalent phantom wasemployed.The ambient dose equivalent and ambient dose equivalent rate at detection points in the radiation fieldwere measured using thermoluminescence dosimeters.Results:The self-shielding area achieved a maximum dose of 114.0 mGy at 1 m distance from the target point after3 min of cumulative irradiation.The leakage radiation ratios at all points remained below 0.5%,fulfilling the selfshielding design requirements.Regarding the couch,the highest radiation was observed in the opposite directionof the beam at the target point.The stray radiation on the treatment bed plane resulted in an ambient doseequivalent that did not exceed 0.5%of the ambient dose equivalent at the central point.Conclusion:The levels and distribution patterns of stray and leakage radiation inside the TaiChi Pro treatmentroom meet the requirements of the relevant national standard.The measured values of indoor radiation levels anddistribution are very useful for room shielding design and personnel protection.展开更多
Background: Moxibustion is a traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) therapy in which mugwort(Artemisia vulgaris) floss is burned to warm and stimulate acupoints. The modality has been used traditionally for thousands of ye...Background: Moxibustion is a traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) therapy in which mugwort(Artemisia vulgaris) floss is burned to warm and stimulate acupoints. The modality has been used traditionally for thousands of years. However, smoke-related safety issues have recently been of concern, and little is known about moxa smoke and air quality in the clinical moxibustion environment.Objective: To assess the air quality in a typical moxibustion treatment room using particulate matter(PM) concentration and DNA oxidative damage at PM10.Methods: The study was conducted in August and November to December, 2011, at a TCM clinic in Beijing, China, in a moxibustion treatment room. A moxa-free treatment room and the outdoor area adjacent to the clinic were used as controls. PM10 concentrations were monitored with a portable digital dust indicator. The oxidative capacity of whole and water-soluble fractions of PM10 were detected using plasmid DNA assay. The results were shown as TD40 values; that is, the amount of PM10 that causes plasmid DNA damage of 40%.Results: Average PM10 concentrations in the moxibustion room were 2.56 mg m^(-3) in summer and 2.78 mg m^(-3) in winter, much higher than at control sites. For whole and water-soluble fractional PM10, the average summer TD40 values collected in the moxibustion room were 791.67 μg ml^(-1) and 876.33 μg ml^(-1) respectively, and the winter values were 779.86 μg ml^(-1) and 879.57 μg ml^(-1). These results of winter samples were significantly higher(p < 0.001) than the corresponding results from control sites. However, there was no statistical difference(p = 0.06)between the TD40 values of both the whole and water-soluble fractional PM10 from the moxibustion treatment room, while differences were significant in the general treatment room(p = 0.025) and at the outdoor site(P < 0.001).Conclusion: Our study shows that moxa smoke increases PM10 concentration. However, the oxidative capacity of PM10 in the moxibustion room was much lower than that at control sites with the same particulate burden, and the bioactivity at that site was mainly from the watersoluble fraction, another difference from the controls. This unexpected bioactivity is assumed to relate to the low toxicity of moxa smoke or to its proven antioxidant activity. Overall, further research is needed.展开更多
Hexagonal WO_3 nanorods were synthesized through a facile hydrothermal method. The nanorods properties were investigated by scanning electron microscope（SEM）, transmission electron microscope（TEM）, energy dispersi...Hexagonal WO_3 nanorods were synthesized through a facile hydrothermal method. The nanorods properties were investigated by scanning electron microscope（SEM）, transmission electron microscope（TEM）, energy dispersive spectroscopy（EDS）, and x-ray diffraction（XRD）. The NO_2-sensing performances in terms of sensor response, response/recovery times and repeatability at room temperature were optimized by varying the heat treatment temperature of WO_3 nanorods. The optimized NO_2sensor（400-℃-annealed WO_3 nanorods） showed an ultra-high sensor response of 3.2 and short response time of 1 s to 5-ppm NO_2. In addition, the 400-℃-annealed sample exhibited more stable repeatability.Furthermore, dynamic responses measurements of annealed samples showed that all the annealed WO_3 nanorods sensors presented p-type behaviors. We suppose the p-type behavior of the WO_3 nanorods sensor to be that an inversion layer is formed in the space charge layer when the sensor is exposed to NO_2 at room temperature.Therefore, the 400-℃-annealed WO_3 nanorods sensor is one of the most energy conservation candidates to detect NO_2 at room temperature.展开更多
Background: As the global novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) remains severe, elderly people are at high risk for NCP and osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures, with high complications and mortality. How to treat...Background: As the global novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) remains severe, elderly people are at high risk for NCP and osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures, with high complications and mortality. How to treat patients and protect medical staff from infection, and at the same time strictly prevent the occurrence of clustered transmission events in the hospital, the establishment of perfect pre-hospital emergency measures and infection prevention and control strategy is the first element to ensure success. Objective: To establish the diagnosis and treatment and infection protection strategy for Osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF) patients undergoing minimally invasive percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) surgery during the prevention and control of COVID-19, so as to ensure the stable, orderly and safe medical treatment. Methods: A total of 583 OVCF patients were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University during the epidemic prevention and control period from January 2020 to July 2022. After urgent and outpatient strict standardized screening, 382 patients met the inclusion criteria, including 112 males and 270 females, aged (70.50 ± 5.49) years. The preoperative visual analogue scale (VAS) score was 6.92 ± 1.86. Preoperative Oswestry disability index (ODI) was 74.67 ± 4.84. The satisfaction rate was (45.89 ± 3.67) %. According to the clinical diagnostic criteria and classification, 367 patients were diagnosed as ordinary OVCF, including 156 cases of mild compression and 226 cases of moderate compression. The clinical classification of 15 patients with OVCF diagnosed as COVID-19 was type I, including 10 cases of mild COVID-19 and 5 cases of common COVID-19. All patients were treated with PKP. Results: All patients were followed up at 1 day, 1 month and 3 months after operation, VAS (2.01 ± 0.56, 0.45 ± 0.11, 0 ± 0), ODI (45.41 ± 4.15, 10.22 ± 2.73, 4.03 ± 1.57) and satisfaction (90.12%, 95.57%, 99.23%) were significantly improved compared with those before operation (p < 0.05), and the original medical diseases were not aggravated. In this group, 15 cases of OVCF diagnosed with COVID-19 were given priority to treat COVID-19 under strict three-level protection in the designated isolation ward. PKP was carried out after the condition was stable, and the areas, items and personnel in contact with patients during the perioperative period must be strictly and thoroughly disinfected. The patient had a good prognosis, no complications, no cross-infection in the hospital, and no infection rate among medical staff. Conclusions: The implementation of the diagnosis and treatment and infection protection strategy for OVCF patients undergoing minimally invasive PKP surgery during the prevention and control of COVID-19 has a guiding role in preventing the spread of infection, improving the cure rate, promoting rapid recovery, reducing complications and reducing mortality.展开更多
文摘This paper discusses the application of infrastructure standards in pain treatment rooms.The infrastructure construction standards of pain treatment room include hardware facility standards and software facility standards.The hardware facilities include the area of pain treatment room,basic equipment and apparatus,basic first-aid medicine.Software facilities include system,personnel qualification and personnel training.
基金supported by the Construction Project of High-Level Public Health Technical Personnel in Beijing(Academic Leader-01-20),China.
文摘Objective:To examine the leakage radiation dose from the accelerator module's primary beam self-shielding,aswell as stray radiation levels and distribution in the treatment room across various planes for the innovative X/γmultimodal radiotherapy system,TaiChi Pro,which is the world's first digitally integrated system that combines alinear accelerator,multi-source rotational focused gamma knife,and multi-modal image guidance,in order toformulate treatment room safety strategies and estimate additional radiation doses to patients.Methods:The TaiChi Pro multi-mode integrated radiotherapy system was utilized with a 6 MV X-ray accelerator inthe flatten-filter free(FFF)treatment mode.The system has a primary radiation beam self-shielding,and anisocenter dose rate of 800 cGy/min.For detection points in various planes,an x,y,z coordinate system wasestablished with the isocenter as the origin.To simulate the situation of patient,water-equivalent phantom wasemployed.The ambient dose equivalent and ambient dose equivalent rate at detection points in the radiation fieldwere measured using thermoluminescence dosimeters.Results:The self-shielding area achieved a maximum dose of 114.0 mGy at 1 m distance from the target point after3 min of cumulative irradiation.The leakage radiation ratios at all points remained below 0.5%,fulfilling the selfshielding design requirements.Regarding the couch,the highest radiation was observed in the opposite directionof the beam at the target point.The stray radiation on the treatment bed plane resulted in an ambient doseequivalent that did not exceed 0.5%of the ambient dose equivalent at the central point.Conclusion:The levels and distribution patterns of stray and leakage radiation inside the TaiChi Pro treatmentroom meet the requirements of the relevant national standard.The measured values of indoor radiation levels anddistribution are very useful for room shielding design and personnel protection.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program NO.2009CB522906)National Natural Science Foundation of China(NO.81072862)
文摘Background: Moxibustion is a traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) therapy in which mugwort(Artemisia vulgaris) floss is burned to warm and stimulate acupoints. The modality has been used traditionally for thousands of years. However, smoke-related safety issues have recently been of concern, and little is known about moxa smoke and air quality in the clinical moxibustion environment.Objective: To assess the air quality in a typical moxibustion treatment room using particulate matter(PM) concentration and DNA oxidative damage at PM10.Methods: The study was conducted in August and November to December, 2011, at a TCM clinic in Beijing, China, in a moxibustion treatment room. A moxa-free treatment room and the outdoor area adjacent to the clinic were used as controls. PM10 concentrations were monitored with a portable digital dust indicator. The oxidative capacity of whole and water-soluble fractions of PM10 were detected using plasmid DNA assay. The results were shown as TD40 values; that is, the amount of PM10 that causes plasmid DNA damage of 40%.Results: Average PM10 concentrations in the moxibustion room were 2.56 mg m^(-3) in summer and 2.78 mg m^(-3) in winter, much higher than at control sites. For whole and water-soluble fractional PM10, the average summer TD40 values collected in the moxibustion room were 791.67 μg ml^(-1) and 876.33 μg ml^(-1) respectively, and the winter values were 779.86 μg ml^(-1) and 879.57 μg ml^(-1). These results of winter samples were significantly higher(p < 0.001) than the corresponding results from control sites. However, there was no statistical difference(p = 0.06)between the TD40 values of both the whole and water-soluble fractional PM10 from the moxibustion treatment room, while differences were significant in the general treatment room(p = 0.025) and at the outdoor site(P < 0.001).Conclusion: Our study shows that moxa smoke increases PM10 concentration. However, the oxidative capacity of PM10 in the moxibustion room was much lower than that at control sites with the same particulate burden, and the bioactivity at that site was mainly from the watersoluble fraction, another difference from the controls. This unexpected bioactivity is assumed to relate to the low toxicity of moxa smoke or to its proven antioxidant activity. Overall, further research is needed.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.60771019,61271070,and 61274074)the Tianjin Key Research Program of Application Foundation and Advanced Technology,China(Grant No.11JCZDJC15300)
文摘Hexagonal WO_3 nanorods were synthesized through a facile hydrothermal method. The nanorods properties were investigated by scanning electron microscope（SEM）, transmission electron microscope（TEM）, energy dispersive spectroscopy（EDS）, and x-ray diffraction（XRD）. The NO_2-sensing performances in terms of sensor response, response/recovery times and repeatability at room temperature were optimized by varying the heat treatment temperature of WO_3 nanorods. The optimized NO_2sensor（400-℃-annealed WO_3 nanorods） showed an ultra-high sensor response of 3.2 and short response time of 1 s to 5-ppm NO_2. In addition, the 400-℃-annealed sample exhibited more stable repeatability.Furthermore, dynamic responses measurements of annealed samples showed that all the annealed WO_3 nanorods sensors presented p-type behaviors. We suppose the p-type behavior of the WO_3 nanorods sensor to be that an inversion layer is formed in the space charge layer when the sensor is exposed to NO_2 at room temperature.Therefore, the 400-℃-annealed WO_3 nanorods sensor is one of the most energy conservation candidates to detect NO_2 at room temperature.
文摘Background: As the global novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) remains severe, elderly people are at high risk for NCP and osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures, with high complications and mortality. How to treat patients and protect medical staff from infection, and at the same time strictly prevent the occurrence of clustered transmission events in the hospital, the establishment of perfect pre-hospital emergency measures and infection prevention and control strategy is the first element to ensure success. Objective: To establish the diagnosis and treatment and infection protection strategy for Osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF) patients undergoing minimally invasive percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) surgery during the prevention and control of COVID-19, so as to ensure the stable, orderly and safe medical treatment. Methods: A total of 583 OVCF patients were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University during the epidemic prevention and control period from January 2020 to July 2022. After urgent and outpatient strict standardized screening, 382 patients met the inclusion criteria, including 112 males and 270 females, aged (70.50 ± 5.49) years. The preoperative visual analogue scale (VAS) score was 6.92 ± 1.86. Preoperative Oswestry disability index (ODI) was 74.67 ± 4.84. The satisfaction rate was (45.89 ± 3.67) %. According to the clinical diagnostic criteria and classification, 367 patients were diagnosed as ordinary OVCF, including 156 cases of mild compression and 226 cases of moderate compression. The clinical classification of 15 patients with OVCF diagnosed as COVID-19 was type I, including 10 cases of mild COVID-19 and 5 cases of common COVID-19. All patients were treated with PKP. Results: All patients were followed up at 1 day, 1 month and 3 months after operation, VAS (2.01 ± 0.56, 0.45 ± 0.11, 0 ± 0), ODI (45.41 ± 4.15, 10.22 ± 2.73, 4.03 ± 1.57) and satisfaction (90.12%, 95.57%, 99.23%) were significantly improved compared with those before operation (p < 0.05), and the original medical diseases were not aggravated. In this group, 15 cases of OVCF diagnosed with COVID-19 were given priority to treat COVID-19 under strict three-level protection in the designated isolation ward. PKP was carried out after the condition was stable, and the areas, items and personnel in contact with patients during the perioperative period must be strictly and thoroughly disinfected. The patient had a good prognosis, no complications, no cross-infection in the hospital, and no infection rate among medical staff. Conclusions: The implementation of the diagnosis and treatment and infection protection strategy for OVCF patients undergoing minimally invasive PKP surgery during the prevention and control of COVID-19 has a guiding role in preventing the spread of infection, improving the cure rate, promoting rapid recovery, reducing complications and reducing mortality.
