Effect of substrate temperature and oxygen plasma treatment on the properties of magnetron-sputtered CdS for solar cell applications

Cadmium sulfide(CdS)is an n-type semiconductor with excellent electrical conductivity that is widely used as an electron transport material(ETM)in solar cells.At present,numerous methods for preparing CdS thin films have emerged,among which magnetron sputtering(MS)is one of the most commonly used vacuum techniques.For this type of technique,the substrate temperature is one of the key deposition parameters that affects the interfacial properties between the target film and substrate,determining the specific growth habits of the films.Herein,the effect of substrate temperature on the microstructure and electrical properties of magnetron-sputtered CdS(MS-CdS)films was studied and applied for the first time in hydrothermally deposited antimony selenosulfide(Sb_(2)(S,Se)_(3))solar cells.Adjusting the substrate temperature not only results in the design of the flat and dense film with enhanced crystallinity but also leads to the formation of an energy level arrangement with a Sb_(2)(S,Se)_(3)layer that is more favorable for electron transfer.In addition,we developed an oxygen plasma treatment for CdS,reducing the parasitic absorption of the device and resulting in an increase in the short-circuit current density of the solar cell.This study demonstrates the feasibility of MS-CdS in the fabrication of hydrothermal Sb_(2)(S,Se)_(3)solar cells and provides interface optimization strategies to improve device performance.

595 nm脉冲染料激光治疗546例鲜红斑痣疗效评价

目的评价595 nm脉冲染料激光治疗鲜红斑痣临床疗效和不良反应。方法应用美国Candela公司生产的595 nm脉冲染料激光治疗鲜红斑痣546例,根据患者年龄、皮损类型等采用不同参数进行激光照射治疗。结果 595 nm脉冲染料激光治疗鲜红斑痣总有效率为70.33%(384/546),疗效与患者年龄、皮损类型等因素关系密切,不良反应发生率低,且耐受性好。结论 595 nm脉冲染料激光治疗鲜红斑痣安全有效。

中空SiC球形纳米颗粒的合成及吸波性能

特殊结构和组成是决定电磁波吸收性能的关键因素。采用自组装技术合成碳包覆二氧化硅(SiO_(2)@C)的球形纳米颗粒,经高温热处理后制备出中空SiC球形纳米颗粒。通过扫描电镜(SEM)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)对样品进行微观形貌分析和物相分析,采用矢量网络分析仪对样品的电磁参数进行测试,借助SiC的介电损耗以及其特殊的微观结构对其吸波性能进行调控,并模拟计算不同涂层厚度下样品的反射损耗(RL)。结果表明,随着SiO_(2)@C中碳含量的增加,经高温热处理后生成的SiC纳米颗粒由不规则的形状转变为中空球形纳米颗粒结构。在频率为14.06 GHz时,样品的最小反射损耗(RLmin)为-18.23 dB,有效吸收频带(RL≤-10 dB)达到了5.34 GHz,对应的涂层厚度为1.9 mm,体现出厚度薄、吸收频带宽的特点。

痹祺胶囊治疗类风湿性关节炎的药效研究及网络机制预测

目的 基于Ⅱ型胶原诱导的类风湿性关节炎(rheumatoid arthritis,RA)大鼠模型和网络药理学方法探讨痹祺胶囊的药效作用及作用机制。方法 SD大鼠采用Ⅱ型胶原蛋白造模,造模成功大鼠随机分为模型组,痹祺胶囊(0.05、0.10、0.20、0.40 g/kg)组及泼尼松(10 mg/kg)组和雷公藤总苷(10 mg/kg)组,连续给药15 d。持续监测大鼠体质量、足趾肿胀度和关节炎评分,苏木素-伊红染色考察大鼠踝关节病理变化,ELISA法测定血清细胞因子含量,初步评价痹祺胶囊治疗效果。选择痹祺胶囊中39个化合物为研究对象,依据反向药效团匹配方法和TCMSP、Uniprot等数据库预测化合物作用靶点,与通过OMIM、Dis Ge Net等数据库收集的RA相关靶点相互交互,将交互靶点借助Omicsbean、STRING等数据库平台对获得靶点进行基因本体功能和京都基因与基因组百科全书(Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes,KEGG)通路富集分析,利用Cytoscape软件构建“药材-化合物-靶点-通路-功效-疾病”网络,预测其可能的作用机制。结果 与对照组比较,模型组大鼠活动、饮食减少,足趾肿胀、关节呈急性炎症表现,关节炎评分显著增加(P<0.01),血清中类风湿因子(rheumatoid factor,RF)、白细胞介素-17(interleukin-17,IL-17)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)、IL-1β和γ-干扰素(interferon-γ,IFN-γ)水平均显著增加(P<0.05、0.01、0.001),IL-10水平降低,脾脏、胸腺指数显著增加(P<0.01、0.001),病理显示膝关节可见滑膜细胞增生、炎性细胞浸润,骨与软骨被侵蚀。与模型组比较,痹祺胶囊组大鼠踝关节病变情况得到不同程度改善,具体可见足肿胀度、关节炎评分显著降低(P<0.05、0.01),血清中RF、IL-17、TNF-α、IL-1β、IFN-γ水平显著降低(P<0.05、0.01、0.001),IL-10水平增高,脾脏、胸腺指数降低(P<0.05、0.01),踝关节骨、软骨组织损伤减轻,炎性细胞浸润、滑膜结缔组织增生减少。网络药理学预测发现,痹祺胶囊39个成分与RA交集靶点共371个。蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用网络分析结果显示,IL-6、白蛋白、TNF、血管内皮生长因子A、基质金属蛋白酶9、趋化因子配体8等124个靶点可能是痹祺胶囊治疗RA的关键靶点。KEGG通路富集分析获得IL-17信号通路、Toll样受体信号通路、Th1和Th2细胞分化、VEGF信号通路、瞬时受体电位通道的炎症介质调节、Wnt信号通路、血小板激活等80条信号通路,与免疫调控、抗炎、抑制血管翳生成、成骨/破骨细胞平衡等过程相关。对网络进行分析发现痹祺胶囊治疗RA具有多成分、多靶点、多途径的特点,其中单体成分士的宁、三七皂苷R_(1)、人参皂苷Rg_(1)、丹参酮Ⅰ、丹参酮Ⅱ_(A)、丹酚酸B、异甘草素、迷迭香酸、阿魏酸等可能为痹祺胶囊的关键药效物质基础。结论 痹祺胶囊对Ⅱ型胶原诱导的RA大鼠模型治疗效果较好,可能通过抗炎、免疫调节、血管生成、骨形成/侵蚀平衡等发挥治疗作用,体现了痹祺胶囊治疗RA多成分、多靶点、多通路的特点。

HPLC-VWD-ELSD法同时测定黄甲软肝颗粒中6个成分的含量

目的:采用高效液相色谱-紫外检测器-蒸发光散射检测器(HPLC-VWD-ELSD)法同时测定黄甲软肝颗粒中没食子酸、葛根素、芍药苷、三七皂苷R_(1)、黄芪甲苷和丹参酮Ⅱ_(A)的含量。方法:采用Waters Symmetry C_(18)色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇(A)-0.1%醋酸水溶液(B),梯度洗脱,流速为1.0 m L·min^(-1)。没食子酸、葛根素和丹参酮Ⅱ_(A)采用VWD进行检测,检测波长为270 nm;芍药苷,三七皂苷R_(1)和黄芪甲苷采用ELSD进行检测,漂移管温度为70℃,载气流速2.0 L·min^(-1)。结果:没食子酸、葛根素、芍药苷、三七皂苷R_(1)、黄芪甲苷和丹参酮Ⅱ_(A)进样量分别在1.444-28.88、2.118-42.36、1.074-21.48、0.2180-4.360、0.1151-2.302和0.06670-1.334μg范围内与峰面积呈良好的线性关系;平均回收率(n=6)分别为93.8%、98.8%、97.5%、103.0%、100.6%和96.6%,RSD分别为1.4%、0.55%、3.3%、4.0%、3.9%和2.3%。5批黄甲软肝颗粒中上述6个成分的含量测定结果分别为2.612-3.203、9.155-10.342、7.044-9.863、0.622-0.841、1.529-1.697和0.719-0.957 mg·g^(-1)。结论:所建立的方法简便、快捷,重复性好,可用于黄甲软肝颗粒中6个成分的含量测定,为黄甲软肝颗粒全面的质量控制提供科学依据。

α_(2) phase precipitation behavior and tensile properties at room temperature and 650℃ in an(α+β) titanium alloy

The microstructure,room temperature and 650℃ tensile properties of an(α+β) titanium alloy were investigated after aging over a temperature range of 600-750℃ following solution treatment.The results exhibit that both aging temperature and aging time influence the precipitation behavior of α_(2) phase,and the size ofα_(2) phase affects the tensile properties.The growth speed ofα_(2) phase gets quicker with the aging temperature increasing under the same aging time.For a given aging temperature,the size of α_(2) phase gets larger when prolonging the aging time.There are significant improvements in yield and ultimate tensile strength at room temperature and 650 ℃ after aging at 600℃ for 2 h,but these values decrease with the size of α_(2) phase increasing.It is found that α_(2) phase,less than 7 nm,does not impair the roomtemperature ductility.However,when the size of α_(2) phase grows up from 7 to 15 nm,ductility decreases drastically.During 650 ℃ tensile process,with the particle size increasing from 3 to 15 nm,the interaction between moving dislocations and coherent particles changes from cutting mechanism to bypass mechanism.