Trial function method and exact solutions to the generalized nonlinear Schrdinger equation with time-dependent coefficient

In this paper, the trial function method is extended to study the generalized nonlinear Schrodinger equation with time- dependent coefficients. On the basis of a generalized traveling wave transformation and a trial function, we investigate the exact envelope traveling wave solutions of the generalized nonlinear Schrodinger equation with time-dependent coefficients. Taking advantage of solutions to trial function, we successfully obtain exact solutions for the generalized nonlinear Schrodinger equation with time-dependent coefficients under constraint conditions.

Exponential-fraction trial function method to the 5th-order mKdV equation

This paper obtains some solutions of the 5th-order mKdV equation by using the exponential-fraction trial function method, such as solitary wave solutions, shock wave solutions and the hopping wave solutions. It successfully shows that this method may be valid for solving other nonlinear partial differential equations.

Constructing exact solutions to discrete systems with the trial function method

Based on the homogenous balance method and the trial function method, several trial function methods composed of exponential functions are proposed and applied to nonlinear discrete systems. With the.help of symbolic computation system, the new exact solitary wave solutions to discrete nonlinear mKdV lattice equation, discrete nonlinear （2 ＋ 1） dimensional Toda lattice equation, Ablowitz-Ladik-lattice system are constructed.The method is of significance to seek exact solitary wave solutions to other nonlinear discrete systems.

Solving a class of boundary value problems and fractional Boussinesq-like equation with β-derivatives by fractional-order exponential trial functions

The nonlinear two-point boundary value problem(TPBVP)is converted to a new form of the problem including integral terms.Then the combination of weak-form integral equation method(WFIEM)and special functions create a robust and applicable numerical scheme to solve the problem.To display the accuracy of our method,some examples are investigated.Also,the fractional Boussinesq-like equation involving the β-derivative has been considered that describes the propagation of small amplitude long capillary-gravity waves on the surface of shallow water.

Randomized Control Trial on the Efficacy of Dual Bronchodilator of Glycopyrronium/Indacaterol for Lung Cancer Surgery: Improvement of Postoperative Pulmonary Function in Both Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Normal Pulmonary Function

Background: A dual bronchodilator, long-acting anticholine drugs (glycopyrronium, LAMA) and the long running β-2 stimulant (indacaterol, LABA), are effective for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). To evaluate the effectiveness of the perioperative intervention of LAMA/LABA, a randomized prospective trial was performed for the lung cancer patients receiving a lobectomy with normal pulmonary function and COPD. Methods: Based on the results of the preoperative pulmonary function test, 25 patients were diagnosed with COPD [% forced expiratory volume in 1 second (%FEV1) < 70%]. Thirty-seven patients were enrolled as non-obstructive patients (70% ≤ %FEV1), who were randomized into two groups, the LAMA/LABA (n = 19) and the Control group (n = 18). The LAMA/LABA and the COPD groups daily received inhaled LAMA (50 μg) and LABA (110 μg) for 1 week before surgery and for least 4 weeks after surgery. The Control group had no treatment of the dual bronchodilator. The actual values were measured during the perioperative pulmonary function at three points of the preoperative baseline, the postoperative 1 week and the postoperative 4 weeks;these changes and changed ratios were then calculated. The patient-reported outcomes of the quality of life (PRO-QOL) were evaluated by the Cancer Dyspnea Scale (CDS), the COPD assessment test, and the St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire. Results: Regarding the value of FEV1 at the baseline, that in the LAMA/LABA group was 79.2% ± 6.4% and that in the Control group was 80.9% ± 6.4%, but that in the COPD groups was 57.9% ± 8.7%;there was a significant difference between the COPD and the Control group (p < 0.0001). At the postoperative 1 week point, the FEV1 value in the Control group was 1.3 ± 0.5 L and that in the LAMA/LABA group was 1.7 ± 0.5 L. On the other hand, that in the COPD group was 1.7 ± 0.5 L, which was significantly higher compared to that in the Control group (p = 0.0251 and p = 0.0369). The intervention of LAMA/LABA for the COPD and non-obstructive patients resulted in the less decreased degree of the pulmonary function in FEV1 compared to that in the Control group. Based on the PRO-QOL by the CDS, the intervention of LAMA/LABA significantly reduced the total dyspnea in the LAMA/LABA group compared to that in the Control group (p = 0.0348). Conclusion: The perioperative intervention of LAMA/LABA should lead to maintaining the postoperative pulmonary function of the FEV1 during the lobectomy with COPD and non-obstructive patients and the improvement of PRO-QOL.

Cerebral mechanism of puncturing at He-Mu point combination for functional dyspepsia: study protocol for a randomized controlled parallel trial

Acupuncture is widely used to treat functional dyspepsia with satisfactory outcomes. Combination of the He and Mu acupoints is commonly used and has a synergistic effect on functional dyspepsia; however, its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Therefore, a randomized controlled parallel clinical trial is currently underway at Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China. This trial is designed to explore the efficacy of and central responses to the He-Mu point combination in patients with functional dyspepsia using functional magnetic resonance imaging. A total of 105 patients with functional dyspepsia will be allocated into 3 groups： the low-He point group（puncturing at Zusanli（ST36））, Mu point group（puncturing at Zhongwan（CV12））, and He-Mu point combination group（puncturing at ST36 and CV12）. Every participant will receive 20 sessions of manual acupuncture for 4 weeks. The needles will be inserted perpendicularly to a depth of 1 to 2 cun. The angle of rotation and twisting will range from 90 to 180 degrees, while lifting and thrusting will range from 0.3 to 0.5 cm. The various manipulations will be performed 60 to 90 times per minute. The needles will remain in place for 30 minutes, during which manipulation will be applied every 10 minutes. Magnetic resonance imaging will be performed before and after 20 sessions of acupuncture. The primary outcome is symptom improvement according to the Chinese version of the Nepean Dyspepsia Index. Secondary outcomes include the Leeds dyspepsia questionnaire, Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, Self-Rating Depression Scale, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory, and visual analogue scale scores before and after 10 and 20 sessions of acupuncture. Needle sensation and adverse events will be used to assess the therapeutic effects. This study will promote more widespread awareness of the benefits of acupoint combination in the clinical setting and provide a further explanation of the neuromechanism by which acupuncture at the He-Mu point combination for functional dyspepsia. Registration： Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, Chi CTR-IOR-15006402.

Effect of Gum-Chewing after Cesarean Section on Gastrointestinal Function Recovery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials

Objective: To evaluate the effect of chewing sugar-free gum on gastrointestinal function recovery after cesarean section. Methods: Randomized controlled trials comparing the use of chewing gum in postoperative recovery with a control group were retrieved from the databases including Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Science Direct, Web of Science, CBM, CNKI, Wanfang and VIP, et al. After screening literatures, evaluating the quality of studies, extracting data, the RevMan5.3 software was used for data analysis. Results: A total of 13 RCTs including 2233 patients were analyzed in the study. The results showed that chewing gum after cesarean delivery can effectively shorten the recovery time of bowel sounds, passage of flatus and first defecation (all P Conclusion: Chewing sugar-free gum after cesarean section can promote the early recovery of gastrointestinal function, but the side effects of chewing gum are still unclear, which needs more clinical, large sample and high-quality studies to further verify.

解析试函数单元的非线性化及工程应用

解析试函数单元将弹性控制方程的解析解引入到单元位移场中,导致位移场与弹性参数相关,限制了其在弹塑性分析中的应用。该文提出了构造解析试函数单元的弹性参数保持常数的策略,使其适用于弹塑性分析。通过土柱弯曲的弹塑性分析结果表明:用于构造解析试函数单元的弹性模量的取值对计算结果没有影响;泊松比的取值对结果影响较大,而当其与材料弹性泊松比一致时精度较高,计算误差小于等参单元、比例边界有限元和非协调元。将解析试函数单元的非线性化方法应用于大开地铁的震害模拟,结果表明:在自由度较少的情况下,非线性化解析试函数单元的模拟结果更接近实际震害,具有良好的应用前景。

银杏叶胶囊辅助降血脂功能人体试食研究

目的观察银杏叶胶囊在推荐剂量下辅助降血脂作用的安全性和有效性。方法筛选出符合标准的高脂血症患者110人,随机分为试食组(55例)和对照组(55例)。试食组每天2次,每次1粒,服用银杏叶胶囊,对照组服用安慰剂。结果试食前后各项安全检测指标,如血压、血象、心率、排泄物、血糖浓度、肝脏和肾脏功能等平均数值均处于正常范围,试食过程中未出现过敏情况及不良反应。试食组服用银杏叶胶囊60 d后血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平低于对照组,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、甘油三酯(TG)、血清总胆固醇(TC)的水平明显降低,自身试食前后及组间对比差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);试食组临床观察的总有效率(84.9%)明显高于对照组(44.2%),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论银杏叶胶囊对受试者健康无明显损害,且在试验剂量下具有辅助降血脂功效。

论能动司法视野下家事司法的人际关系调整功能

能动司法要求家事司法除了从法律上处理家事案件当事人之间的法律争议外,还应当发挥家事司法的人际关系调整功能。家事司法人际关系调整功能就是家事司法所发挥的帮助家事案件当事人修复或重建当事人之间人际关系的作用。家事司法人际关系调整功能是独立于纠纷解决功能之外的家事司法的一项基本功能。家事司法人际关系调整功能确立是应对家事案件的特殊性和实现家事司法正义的要求。为实现家事司法的人际关系调整功能,必须将能动司法理念贯穿于家事司法的始终,要求法院将人际关系调整贯穿于家事司法全过程,联合社会力量共同参与家事司法中当事人人际关系调整,采用家事调解、婚姻家庭辅导教育、心理疏导等多种机制帮助家事案件当事人调整人际关系,并建立相应的配套措施。

旱地小麦区试品系中抗旱高产相关基因的KASP标记检测

利用分子标记检测小麦区试品系,明确其优异等位基因组成,有利于进一步精准改良利用。分析KASP标记检测中存在的问题,有助于促进分子育种应用。以山东省2021—2022年小麦旱地区试24份参试品系为材料,利用32个抗旱高产相关基因的KASP标记,分析KASP标记检测中存在的异常结果和材料的优异等位基因利用情况。结果表明,未知基因型产生的主要原因是KASP反应失败或非特异扩增。混合DNA样品检测结果为杂合的主要原因是单株间基因型不一致,次要原因是错误分型。32个KASP标记中,14个标记的优异等位基因检出率超过83%,表明这些基因在育种中已经得到有效利用;17个标记的优异等位基因检出率低于50%,其中,WRKY51-2B、AX-95025477-7B、SnRK2.4A3、TaMoc-2433和NCED15个标记的优异等位基因未检出,表明这些基因在育种中利用较少,可通过分子标记辅助选择开展遗传改良。24份材料中,HQ04携带20个优异等位基因,是数量最多的,可作为基因供体用于育种。利用KASP标记开展辅助选择定向精准提高优异等位基因在小麦育种中的利用率仍有可为。

应变定量分析技术评估川崎病患儿左心房功能

目的观察应变定量分析技术评估川崎病(KD)患儿左心房功能的价值。方法前瞻性纳入43例拟接受静脉注射免疫球蛋白(IVIG)治疗的KD患儿(KD组),包括23例冠状动脉扩张(扩张亚组)及20例无扩张(无扩张亚组);以50名健康儿童为对照组。分别于KD急性期(IVIG前10~12 h)、亚急性期(治疗后1周)及恢复期(治疗后6~10周)行超声心动图检查,测量左心房收缩期存储应变(LASr)、舒张早期管道应变(LAScd)、舒张晚期收缩应变(LASct),以及左心室整体纵向应变(LVGLS)、基底段、中间段、心尖段纵向应变(LS);比较组间及KD亚组间不同时期左心房应变参数,以Pearson相关分析评价急性期KD患儿左心房与左心室应变参数的相关性。结果KD组急性期、亚急性期LASr、LAScd、LASct、LVGLS及左心室各节段LS均低于对照组(P均<0.05);KD组恢复期基底段LS低于对照组(P<0.05)。KD组内,相比急性期,亚急性期LASr、LAScd、LASct、LVGLS及左心室各节段LS均明显增加(P均<0.05),恢复期LASr、LAScd、LASct、LVGLS、中间段LS及心尖段LS均较亚急性期进一步增加(P均<0.05)。急性期KD患儿LASr、LAScd与LVGLS、中间段LS、心尖段LS均呈正相关(r=0.43~0.67,P均<0.05)。亚组间急性、亚急性期左心房LS参数差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05);扩张亚组恢复期LASr、LAScd均低于无扩张亚组(P均<0.05),亚组间LASct差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论KD患儿左心房功能改变与其左心室收缩功能密切相关,且在KD恢复期受冠状动脉扩张影响。

运动疗法对前交叉韧带重建后康复疗效影响的网状Meta分析

目的:运动干预被认为是前交叉韧带重建后康复的基础。然而,关于何种运动疗法在改善前交叉韧带重建后患者膝关节肌肉力量和功能方面更有效,目前仍未得出明确结论。为此,文章采用网状Meta分析方法,比较运动疗法治疗前交叉韧带重建后的疗效,为选择最佳运动疗法提供循证医学依据。方法:计算机检索PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,The Cochrane Library及EBSCO数据库运动疗法治疗前交叉韧带重建后的随机对照试验,检索时限均从建库至2023-11-20。结局指标包括股四头肌肌力、腘绳肌肌力、膝关节功能评分3个连续性变量。运用EndNote X9.1软件筛选文献。采用Cochrane风险偏倚评估工具对纳入的文献进行质量评价,根据GRADE评分对文章结果的证据强度进行评级,采用Stata 16.0进行网状Meta分析。结果:①共纳入36项随机对照试验,包括1179例前交叉韧带重建后患者,纳入文献整体质量中等;涉及9种运动疗法:等速训练、交叉训练、离心训练、水中康复、血流限制训练、运动控制训练、增强式训练、全身振动训练和综合训练;对照措施为常规康复训练。②网状Meta分析结果显示:与常规康复训练相比,离心训练(SMD=2.08,95%CI:0.56-3.60,P=0.007)对前交叉韧带重建后患者股四头肌肌力的改善效果最佳,其次是综合训练(SMD=1.69,95%CI:0.11-3.27,P=0.249)和全身振动训练(SMD=0.81,95%CI:0.11-1.51,P=0.042);在提升患者腘绳肌肌力方面,综合训练(SMD=2.08,95%CI:0.30-3.86,P=0.022)效果最佳,其次是增强式训练(SMD=1.51,95%CI:0.18-2.84,P=0.026)和等速训练(SMD=1.37,95%CI:0.06-2.67,P=0.039);综合训练(SMD=4.60,95%CI:2.40-6.80,P<0.001)改善膝关节功能评分最有效,其次是离心训练(SMD=1.75,95%CI:0.24-3.25,P=0.023)和水中康复(SMD=1.65,95%CI:0.07-3.24,P=0.041)。结论:低到中等强度的临床证据证实,在改善前交叉韧带重建后患者膝关节肌肉力量和功能方面,综合训练可能是最有效的运动疗法,其次是离心训练、增强式训练、等速训练、全身振动训练、水中康复。未来仍需更多高质量的临床随机对照试验来验证结论的可靠性。

(3+1)维广义非线性发展方程的双线性Backlund变换与精确解

基于Hirota双线性方法和试探函数法,研究一个(3+1)维广义非线性发展方程的双线性Backlund变换和精确解问题。用Hirota双线性法,构造(3+1)维广义非线性发展方程的双线性形式和双线性Backlund变换。基于双线性形式和双线性Backlund变换,利用试探函数法与符号计算系统Mathematica,获得(3+1)维广义非线性发展方程的多种精确解,包括呼吸波解、复合型解、Lump周期解和孤子解,并分析解的相互作用情况。

补肾健脑针法联合康复训练对痉挛型脑瘫患儿精细运动功能影响的临床研究

目的 研究分析补肾健脑针法联合康复训练对痉挛型脑瘫患儿精细运动功能影响的临床效果。方法 研究选取本院2022年1—12月收治的痉挛型脑瘫患儿100例,分为对照组与实验组,每组50例。对照组采用康复训练,实验组加用补肾健脑针法干预。分析比较两组患者治疗有效性、脑瘫严重程度等指标。结果 与对照组相比,实验组患者治疗有效性增高,脑瘫严重程度好转,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 补肾健脑针法联合康复训练对痉挛型脑瘫患儿精细运动功能影响的临床效果较好。

不同剂量缩宫素对剖宫产术后再次妊娠经阴道试产孕妇母婴结局的影响

目的探究不同剂量缩宫素(oxytocin,OT)对剖宫产术后再次妊娠经阴道试产(trial of labor after cesareansection,TOLAC)孕妇产程进展、凝血功能和母婴结局的影响。方法回顾性分析138例TOLAC孕妇临床病历资料,根据产程中OT总用量分为低剂量组61例、中剂量组45例和高剂量组32例,比较三组的产程进展、凝血功能、分娩方式、妊娠结局及围产儿结局。结果三组第一产程、第二产程、第三产程及总产程比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);与用药前比,三组用药后凝血酶原时间(PT)、活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)均降低,纤维蛋白原(FIB)水平均升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),三组间用药后PT、APTT、FIB比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。低剂量组及中剂量组孕产妇的胎盘早剥、新生儿高胆红素血症发生率均低于高剂量组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论OT可增强TOLAC孕妇子宫收缩力,改善凝血功能,但大剂量OT可能增加胎盘早剥及新生儿高胆红素血症发生风险。

神经肌肉训练对膝骨关节炎患者疼痛和功能影响的Meta分析

目的:神经肌肉训练是近年来较新的一种综合康复治疗方法,对膝骨关节炎的疗效尚存在争议。此次研究通过系统Meta分析评价神经肌肉训练治疗膝骨关节炎的临床疗效。方法:全面检索中国知网、维普、万方、中国生物医学文献数据库、PubMed、Web of Science、Cochrane Library、EBSCO和Embase文献数据库中有关神经肌肉训练治疗膝骨关节炎的临床随机对照试验,时间从各数据库建库至2023年10月,神经肌肉训练组(试验组)使用神经肌肉训练或以神经肌肉训练为主要干预方式;对照组为空白组或采用常规康复治疗。结局指标包括西安大略和麦克马斯特大学骨关节炎指数评分(The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index,WOMAC)、行走计时、膝关节稳定性、30 s内膝关节最大弯曲次数。采用Cochrane偏倚风险评估工具和物理治疗证据数据库量表确定纳入文献质量,使用RevMan5.4软件进行Meta分析。结果:共纳入11项临床随机对照试验,纳入样本量628例。Meta分析结果显示:①WOMAC疼痛评分试验组优于对照组(SMD=0.38,95%CI:0.08-0.69,P=0.01);②膝关节稳定性和30s内膝关节最大弯曲次数试验组均优于对照组(膝关节稳定性:SMD=0.57,95%CI:0.23-0.92,P=0.001;30 s内膝关节最大弯曲次数:SMD=0.35,95%CI:0.05-0.65,P=0.02);两组均可提高膝骨关节炎患者行走速度,改善行走能力,但差异无显著性意义(行走计时:SMD=-0.22,95%CI:-0.48-0.03,P=0.09);③WOMAC身体功能评分试验组优于对照组(SMD=-0.79,95%CI:-1.30至-0.28,P=0.002)。结论:神经肌肉训练可以有效改善膝骨关节炎患者的疼痛,增强膝关节稳定性,促进功能恢复,但仍需要更多高质量随机对照试验进一步研究证实。

中医药治疗功能性消化不良随机对照试验结局指标现状分析

目的分析中医药治疗功能性消化不良(Functional dyspepsia,FD)的随机对照试验(Randomized controlled trial,RCT)结局指标研究现状,为中医药治疗功能性消化不良核心指标集的构建奠定基础。方法计算机检索中国知网(CNKI)、万方(WanFang)、维普(VIP)、中国生物医学文献服务系统(SinoMed)、EMbase、PubMed、Cochrane Library数据库收录的中医药治疗FD的RCT,检索时限为2017年1月1日—2022年1月1日,2名研究者根据纳入、排除标准独立进行文献筛选与资料提取。结果共纳入了285项RCTs,28061例患者,涉及117个结局指标及28种中医证型,单项RCT指标数最多12个,最少1个,平均5个。各指标共计使用1275次,结局指标使用频次排列前5位的指标为临床总有效率(81.40%),中医症候积分(54.04%),不良反应(47.02%)、胃动素(MTL)(30.18%),症状积分(23.1%)。根据结局指标的功能属性将其分为6大指标域,其中,症状/体征(38.51%)及理化检测(28.94%)类指标应用较多。结论目前中医药治疗FD的RCT中结局指标存在指标选择差异过大、结局指标主次不分、中医疗效评价指标不一致、总有效率指标缺乏规范、指标测量时点差异大、缺乏远期预后指标、指标测量工具种类偏多且适用性差、未纳入经济学评价指标及安全性事件报告简单化等问题,亟须构建规范、标准的中医药治疗功能性消化不良核心指标集研究,解决结局指标存在的诸多问题。

矿用多功能类砂岩质高强度透水混凝土试配试验

为探究水泥、砂岩碎渣、石英砂等原材料不同配比时胶结类砂岩质材料强度的变化规律,辅助少量添加剂配制具有一定透水性能的矿用多功能混凝土,采用正交设计的方法将原材料制备成不同配比的标准圆柱体试样,并借助YAW-150B全自动液压试验机开展了轴向压缩力学试验。试验结果表明:水灰比、砂岩废渣与水泥比和砂胶比3个因素都会对试件的强度产生影响。当渣泥比和砂胶比一定时,水灰比由0.39增至0.51的过程中,试件的抗压强度先增大后减小;水灰比为0.42时,试件强度达到最大,随着水灰比继续增大,类岩质试件的强度逐渐减小。渣泥比与类岩质材料的强度呈负相关关系,砂胶比由0.3增大到1.5的过程中,试件强度缓慢提升,砂胶比为0.9时的试件强度达到最大,随后试件强度随砂胶比的增大而快速下降。同时研究得出,研制的矿用类砂岩质混凝土的透水性与其厚度呈负相关关系,可为充填采矿时采场封闭墙厚度的确定提供理论参考。

智能镜像手套任务导向性训练联合低频重复经颅磁刺激对脑卒中患者手功能效果的随机对照试验

目的 观察智能镜像手套任务导向性训练联合低频重复经颅磁刺激(rTMS)对脑卒中患者手功能恢复的效果。方法 2022年10月1日至2023年6月30日,选择苏北人民医院脑卒中患者136例,随机分为对照组、镜像组、rTMS组和联合组,每组34例。各组均给予常规康复治疗,镜像组增加智能镜像手套任务导向性训练治疗,rTMS组增加低频rTMS治疗,联合组增加智能镜像手套任务导向性训练与低频rTMS治疗,共4周。比较治疗前后Fugl-Meyer评定量表上肢部分(FMA-UE)评分、Wolf运动功能测定量表(WMFT)评分和前臂伸肌群、屈肌群表面肌电均方根值(RMS)患侧/健侧比值;比较rTMS组和联合组治疗前后经颅磁刺激运动诱发电位(MEP)的差异。结果 对照组4例、镜像组7例、rTMS组5例、联合组6例脱落。4组FMA-UE、WMFT评分和前臂伸肌、屈肌群RMS比的组内效应(F> 996.656, P <0.001)、组间效应(F> 20.333, P <0.001)和交互效应(F> 72.796, P <0.001)均显著,且联合组最优。治疗后,rTMS组和联合组MEP的振幅均增加(|t|> 3.842, P <0.05),联合组明显高于rTMS组(t=-3.060, P <0.01)。结论 智能镜像手套任务导向性训练联合低频rTMS可有效促进脑卒中患者手功能恢复。