The Construction of Mistake-tolerant Democracy Based on the Practical Right ＂Right to Trial and Error＂

The law ＂Trial and Error Ordinance＂ enacted in 2006 and spreading throughout China especially since 2016 is the best starting point for China＇s democratization, because Chinese government officials cannot be confronted with their new challenges directly without the right to trial and error. This study has tried to build a new democratic theory, mistake-tolerant democracy based on the right to trial and error with Chinese characteristics and Western value to guide Chinese democratized way. The right theory of mistake-tolerant democracy is the new right paradigm, ＂the right to trial and error as an original right and mutual empowerment theory＂ proposed by the combination of the state of nature and the scientific method of trial and error rather than natural right theory and social contract theory. Mistake-tolerant democracy emphasizes that the people have the equal right to trial and error as an original right, and the officials＇ right to trial and error are granted ＂from the people and should empower the corresponding rights to them, which is the meaning of mutual empowerment theory.

BLOCK PIVOT METHODS FOR SOLVING FRICTIONAL CONTACT PROBLEMS

Based on elementary group theory, the block pivot methods for solving two-dimensional elastic frictional contact problems are presented in this paper. It is proved that the algorithms converge within a finite number of steps when the friction coefficient is ''relative small''. Unlike most mathematical programming methods for contact problems, the block pivot methods permit multiple exchanges of basic and nonbasic variables.

Simulation of Wave Forces on A Semi-Circular Breakwater Using Multilayer Feed Forward Network

In this paper, the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is used to study the wave forces on a semi-circular breakwater. The process of establishing the network model for a specific physical problem is presented. Networks with double implicit layers have been studied by numerical experiments. 117 sets of experimental data are used to train and test the ANN. According to the results of ANN simulation, this method is proved to have good precision compared with experimental and numerical results.

Teaching Bestsellers： Spring 2009-Spring 2013

This article relates and reflects on my teaching experience spanning from spring 2009 through spring 2013, when I was engaged in constructing and reconstructing a course called ＂Reading Bestsellers.＂ Principles were altered for the course design virtually each semester, starting from an attempt to offer variety in readings, undergoing a plan to downsize the reading list for neatness, and then a challenge to seek a balance between fiction and nonfiction. Despite the change of the principles, one principle has remained unchanged-the overarching principle of trial and error. Given this general guidance, I have reconstructed the course with a choice of high-end bestsellers. I have become aware that there should have been less concern about the boundaries between fiction and nonfiction than about the need to defy narrow categorization whenever necessary. Academic neatness may be desirable but impossible to tackle in-between intricacy, which proves to be the essence of life, and for that matter, the very essence of literature.

Workshop design for enhancing the appropriateness of idea generation using analogical thinking

As technologies advance and replace human labor in a variety of settings,we focus our attention on human creativity for generating new ideas.Business organizations,more than ever,recognize that they need employees who think creatively to maintain their competitive edge.Nonetheless,there is a lack of research assessing new ideas and influential factors in generating innovative ideas.The aim of this study is to identify the factors that influence the creation of innovative ideas.We conducted two different types of workshops with 22 subjects and 23 subjects each.In the first workshop,subjects were asked to generate new business ideas through analogical thinking.As a result,half of the participants generated appropriate ideas,and three influential factors were determined:categorization skill,deliberation,and trial and error.The second workshop was designed to facilitate participants to enhance these three factors.As a result,70%of the participants could generate appropriate ideas.By identifying influential factors,this paper suggests a procedure for designing an innovationworkshop that enables the creation of appropriate ideas.