目的分析美国陆军医学研究与物资部(U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command,USAMRMC)临床试验特点,了解美国军队军事医学研究的主要动向。方法通过ClinicalTrials.gov数据库检索USAMRMC发起或参与完成的临床试验,从主题词、...目的分析美国陆军医学研究与物资部(U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command,USAMRMC)临床试验特点,了解美国军队军事医学研究的主要动向。方法通过ClinicalTrials.gov数据库检索USAMRMC发起或参与完成的临床试验,从主题词、研究内容、进展状态、临床分期、任务分配及地域分布等方面对临床试验项目进行统计和分析。结果 USAMRMC主要关注于感染性疾病、创伤及神经系统疾病的临床试验,并在上述疾病的疫苗、药物和医疗器械研发中投入大量研究力量。其主导或参与的临床试验中约57.7%已完成并公布研究结果,77.9%在美国本土组织开展,43.1%由美国军队医学机构直接参与。结论 USAMRMC主要依托美国本土力量,通过高效的军地协作机制,在战场传染病防治、战伤救治等的基础和临床研究方面开展了大量工作;启示我国军事医学研究要高度重视地域性疾病防治,强化关键核心技术的协同创新。展开更多
Adoptive cell therapy using chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells, which is a promising cancer immunotherapy strategy, has been developing very rapidly in recent years. CAR-T cells are genetically modified T cells...Adoptive cell therapy using chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells, which is a promising cancer immunotherapy strategy, has been developing very rapidly in recent years. CAR-T cells are genetically modified T cells that can specifically recognize tumor specific antigens on the surface of tumor cells, and then effectively kill tumor cells. At present, exciting results are being achieved in clinical applications of CAR-T cells for patients with hematological malignancies. The research and development of CAR-T cells for various targets and for the treatment of solid tumors have become a hot topic worldwide, so an increasing number of investigational new drug applications (INDAs) and new drug applications (NDAs) of CAR-T cell products are expected to be submitted in future. The quality control and nonclinical research of these products are of great significance in ensuring the safety and effectiveness of these products;however, they also present great challenges and difficulties. This article discusses the general principles of and key issues regarding the quality control and nonclinical research of CAR-T cell products based on their product characteristics and on relevant guidelines for gene and cell therapy products.展开更多
Evidence-based medicine(EBM) is a common concept among medical practitioners, yet unique challenges arise when EBM is applied to spinal surgery. Due to the relative rarity of certain spinal disorders, and a lack of ma...Evidence-based medicine(EBM) is a common concept among medical practitioners, yet unique challenges arise when EBM is applied to spinal surgery. Due to the relative rarity of certain spinal disorders, and a lack of management equipoise, randomized controlled trials may be difficult to execute. Despite this, responsibility rests with spinal surgeons to design high quality studies in order to justify certain treatment modalities. The authors therefore review the tenets of implementing evidencebased research, through the lens of spinal disorders. The process of EBM begins with asking the correct question.An appropriate study is then designed based on the research question. Understanding study designs allows the spinal surgeon to assess the level of evidence provided.Validated outcome measurements allow clinicians to communicate the success of treatment strategies, and will increase the quality of a given study design. Importantly,one must recognize that the randomized controlled trial is not always the optimal study design for a given research question. Rather, prospective observational cohort studies may be more appropriate in certain circumstances, and would provide superior generalizability. Despite the challenges involved with EBM, it is the future of medicine. These issues surrounding EBM are important for spinal surgeons, as well as health policy makers and editorial boards, to have familiarity.展开更多
Background: With the development of globalization, the rising cost of clinical trials in Europe and the United States, and the huge drug consumption market in developing countries, multinational pharmaceutical giants ...Background: With the development of globalization, the rising cost of clinical trials in Europe and the United States, and the huge drug consumption market in developing countries, multinational pharmaceutical giants have set their sights on emerging developing countries. As a leader in developing countries, China has unparalleled advantages, so more and more clinical trials are registered and carried out in China. Objective: The objective of the study is to understand the current practice of informed consent in clinical trials in public hospitals in Xuzhou. Methods: In this study, a 15-question questionnaire was distributed to 369 subjects in the affiliated hospital of Xuzhou medical university. Each question was graded on a 3-point scale (1 = no, 2 = unsure, 3 = yes). The sum of the scores for the 15 questions represented the level of awareness of clinical trials. Results: Valid questionnaires were received from 300 subjects. A considerable number of subjects still had insufficient understanding of clinical trials, especially concerning the nature of clinical trials, understanding of informed consent forms, contact with researchers, and ethics committee. (The “yes” rate was around or below 50%). Factors associated with responses to the survey include education, occupation, and source of medical expenses. Conclusion: Overall, this study showed that the implementation of informed consent in China remained room for improvement. Legislators, ethics officers, and researchers should work together to protect the interests of subjects.展开更多
目的·分析2015—2023年上海交通大学医学院(简称“交医”)高水平临床研究发展趋势及现状,并对交医临床研究水平的提升策略进行总结,旨在为医学院校推动高水平临床研究提供参考。方法·在Web of Science核心合集数据库中,检索...目的·分析2015—2023年上海交通大学医学院(简称“交医”)高水平临床研究发展趋势及现状,并对交医临床研究水平的提升策略进行总结,旨在为医学院校推动高水平临床研究提供参考。方法·在Web of Science核心合集数据库中,检索发表时间为2015—2023年,以交医(含附属医院)作为第一作者所在机构发表的论文。利用一般描述性方法分析临床研究论文发表、临床试验注册、临床研究人才队伍、临床研究合作现况;运用文献计量方法对检索到的临床研究论文的国际合作、主题分布等进行可视化分析;对2015—2018年与2019—2023年两个时间段,交医在临床研究领域发文数、Q1区发文数、顶尖临床医学期刊发文数和专职科研人员数量方面的差异进行比较和分析。结果·2015—2023年,以交医为第一作者所在机构发表的临床研究论文共计9468篇,年发文量呈逐年上升趋势;2015—2023年,交医临床研究Q1区发文数、顶尖临床医学期刊发文数、美国临床试验注册平台和中国临床试验注册中心注册的临床研究数、临床指南和专家共识发布数、专职科研队伍人数以及国家级人才新增人数均呈整体上升趋势;肿瘤、心脑血管疾病等重大慢性病为主要研究热点。临床研究论文中,1308篇(13.82%)为国际合作论文,其中以美国(733篇)、澳大利亚(137篇)、英国(99篇)等发达国家/地区与交医合作论文居多。2019—2023年与2015—2018年相比,交医在临床研究论文数、Q1区发文数、顶尖临床医学期刊发文数和附属医院新增专职科研人数方面比较,均显著增加(均P<0.05)。结论·交医强化顶层设计,围绕重大疾病进行深入探索,以“平台-人才-方法学”为路径,构建了体系化、一体化和闭环式的临床研究水平提升模式,相继产出了一批高质量的临床研究成果。展开更多
Widely used in clinical research, the database is a new type of data management automation technology and the most efficient tool for data management. In this article, we first explain some basic concepts, such as the...Widely used in clinical research, the database is a new type of data management automation technology and the most efficient tool for data management. In this article, we first explain some basic concepts, such as the definition, classification, and establishment of databases. Afterward, the workflow for establishing databases, inputting data, verifying data, and managing databases is presented. Meanwhile, by discussing the application of databases in clinical research, we illuminate the important role of databases in clinical research practice. Lastly, we introduce the reanalysis of randomized controlled trials(RCTs) and cloud computing techniques, showing the most recent advancements of databases in clinical research.展开更多
<strong>Objective:</strong> The study was conducted to understand the situation of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) to participant clinical trials and to analyze the factors affecting the cli...<strong>Objective:</strong> The study was conducted to understand the situation of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) to participant clinical trials and to analyze the factors affecting the clinical trial participation of patients with IBD. A clinical experiment guidance will be proved by this study to maximized the benefits to patients and to help the clinical trial to conduct successfully. <strong>Method: </strong>An anonymous questionnaire was designed and was administrated to the patients with IBD who were randomly delivered in the inpatient or outpatient departments. The survey result was analyzed. <strong>Result:</strong> Total 372 available questionnaires were returned. Among these patients, 26.3% patients with IBD indicated willingness to participate, 57.3% indicated a situation dependence, and 41.04% indicated unwillingness. Among the potential factors that may influence the patient’s willingness to participate the clinical, trusted physician’s recommendation, no proved drugs to use and accessing to free medication to release financial burden were statistically significant. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The overall willingness of IBD patients to participate in drug clinical trials is not high. Among the patients who are willing to participate in clinical trials, the main reasons for their participation are that they trust doctors’ recommendation, can get free medication and examination, and can reduce the economic burden. Efficacy and safety were the main influencing factors in patients who were case-dependent and unwilling to participate in clinical trials.展开更多
目的基于VOSviewer、CiteSpace对针灸治疗功能性消化不良的随机对照试验(RCT)文献进行可视化分析,总结该领域的研究现状、热点及未来发展趋势。方法检索中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、维普网、中国生物医学文献数据库、PubMed、Web o...目的基于VOSviewer、CiteSpace对针灸治疗功能性消化不良的随机对照试验(RCT)文献进行可视化分析,总结该领域的研究现状、热点及未来发展趋势。方法检索中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、维普网、中国生物医学文献数据库、PubMed、Web of Science核心合集数据库中有关针灸治疗功能性消化不良的RCT文献,检索时限为2004年1月至2023年12月,利用VOSviewer、CiteSpace对该领域作者、机构、关键词进行可视化分析。结果最终纳入中文文献565篇、英文文献12篇。发文量排名前3位的作者为周利、刘存志、常小荣;发文最多的机构为湖北中医药大学;主要关键词为功能性消化不良、针刺、临床疗效;关键词聚类共10类;突现强度最大的关键词为辨证。结论针灸治疗功能性消化不良临床RCT研究目前正处于蓬勃发展阶段,不同疗法及穴位的选择是当前研究热点,研究趋势包括评价指标的选取及效应机制的探索。展开更多
文摘目的分析美国陆军医学研究与物资部(U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command,USAMRMC)临床试验特点,了解美国军队军事医学研究的主要动向。方法通过ClinicalTrials.gov数据库检索USAMRMC发起或参与完成的临床试验,从主题词、研究内容、进展状态、临床分期、任务分配及地域分布等方面对临床试验项目进行统计和分析。结果 USAMRMC主要关注于感染性疾病、创伤及神经系统疾病的临床试验,并在上述疾病的疫苗、药物和医疗器械研发中投入大量研究力量。其主导或参与的临床试验中约57.7%已完成并公布研究结果,77.9%在美国本土组织开展,43.1%由美国军队医学机构直接参与。结论 USAMRMC主要依托美国本土力量,通过高效的军地协作机制,在战场传染病防治、战伤救治等的基础和临床研究方面开展了大量工作;启示我国军事医学研究要高度重视地域性疾病防治,强化关键核心技术的协同创新。
文摘Adoptive cell therapy using chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells, which is a promising cancer immunotherapy strategy, has been developing very rapidly in recent years. CAR-T cells are genetically modified T cells that can specifically recognize tumor specific antigens on the surface of tumor cells, and then effectively kill tumor cells. At present, exciting results are being achieved in clinical applications of CAR-T cells for patients with hematological malignancies. The research and development of CAR-T cells for various targets and for the treatment of solid tumors have become a hot topic worldwide, so an increasing number of investigational new drug applications (INDAs) and new drug applications (NDAs) of CAR-T cell products are expected to be submitted in future. The quality control and nonclinical research of these products are of great significance in ensuring the safety and effectiveness of these products;however, they also present great challenges and difficulties. This article discusses the general principles of and key issues regarding the quality control and nonclinical research of CAR-T cell products based on their product characteristics and on relevant guidelines for gene and cell therapy products.
文摘Evidence-based medicine(EBM) is a common concept among medical practitioners, yet unique challenges arise when EBM is applied to spinal surgery. Due to the relative rarity of certain spinal disorders, and a lack of management equipoise, randomized controlled trials may be difficult to execute. Despite this, responsibility rests with spinal surgeons to design high quality studies in order to justify certain treatment modalities. The authors therefore review the tenets of implementing evidencebased research, through the lens of spinal disorders. The process of EBM begins with asking the correct question.An appropriate study is then designed based on the research question. Understanding study designs allows the spinal surgeon to assess the level of evidence provided.Validated outcome measurements allow clinicians to communicate the success of treatment strategies, and will increase the quality of a given study design. Importantly,one must recognize that the randomized controlled trial is not always the optimal study design for a given research question. Rather, prospective observational cohort studies may be more appropriate in certain circumstances, and would provide superior generalizability. Despite the challenges involved with EBM, it is the future of medicine. These issues surrounding EBM are important for spinal surgeons, as well as health policy makers and editorial boards, to have familiarity.
文摘Background: With the development of globalization, the rising cost of clinical trials in Europe and the United States, and the huge drug consumption market in developing countries, multinational pharmaceutical giants have set their sights on emerging developing countries. As a leader in developing countries, China has unparalleled advantages, so more and more clinical trials are registered and carried out in China. Objective: The objective of the study is to understand the current practice of informed consent in clinical trials in public hospitals in Xuzhou. Methods: In this study, a 15-question questionnaire was distributed to 369 subjects in the affiliated hospital of Xuzhou medical university. Each question was graded on a 3-point scale (1 = no, 2 = unsure, 3 = yes). The sum of the scores for the 15 questions represented the level of awareness of clinical trials. Results: Valid questionnaires were received from 300 subjects. A considerable number of subjects still had insufficient understanding of clinical trials, especially concerning the nature of clinical trials, understanding of informed consent forms, contact with researchers, and ethics committee. (The “yes” rate was around or below 50%). Factors associated with responses to the survey include education, occupation, and source of medical expenses. Conclusion: Overall, this study showed that the implementation of informed consent in China remained room for improvement. Legislators, ethics officers, and researchers should work together to protect the interests of subjects.
文摘目的·分析2015—2023年上海交通大学医学院(简称“交医”)高水平临床研究发展趋势及现状,并对交医临床研究水平的提升策略进行总结,旨在为医学院校推动高水平临床研究提供参考。方法·在Web of Science核心合集数据库中,检索发表时间为2015—2023年,以交医(含附属医院)作为第一作者所在机构发表的论文。利用一般描述性方法分析临床研究论文发表、临床试验注册、临床研究人才队伍、临床研究合作现况;运用文献计量方法对检索到的临床研究论文的国际合作、主题分布等进行可视化分析;对2015—2018年与2019—2023年两个时间段,交医在临床研究领域发文数、Q1区发文数、顶尖临床医学期刊发文数和专职科研人员数量方面的差异进行比较和分析。结果·2015—2023年,以交医为第一作者所在机构发表的临床研究论文共计9468篇,年发文量呈逐年上升趋势;2015—2023年,交医临床研究Q1区发文数、顶尖临床医学期刊发文数、美国临床试验注册平台和中国临床试验注册中心注册的临床研究数、临床指南和专家共识发布数、专职科研队伍人数以及国家级人才新增人数均呈整体上升趋势;肿瘤、心脑血管疾病等重大慢性病为主要研究热点。临床研究论文中,1308篇(13.82%)为国际合作论文,其中以美国(733篇)、澳大利亚(137篇)、英国(99篇)等发达国家/地区与交医合作论文居多。2019—2023年与2015—2018年相比,交医在临床研究论文数、Q1区发文数、顶尖临床医学期刊发文数和附属医院新增专职科研人数方面比较,均显著增加(均P<0.05)。结论·交医强化顶层设计,围绕重大疾病进行深入探索,以“平台-人才-方法学”为路径,构建了体系化、一体化和闭环式的临床研究水平提升模式,相继产出了一批高质量的临床研究成果。
基金supported by Fundamental Research Funds of State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology (Grant No.2015QN01)Young Teacher Top-Support project of Sun Yat-sen University(Grant No.2015ykzd11)+4 种基金the Cultivation Projects for Young Teaching Staff of Sun Yat-sen University(Grant No.12ykpy61) from the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universitiesthe Pearl River Science and Technology New Star(Grant No.2014J2200060)Project of Guangzhou City,the Guangdong Provincial Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of China(Grant No. 2014A030306030)Youth Science and Technology Innovation Talents Funds in Special Support Plan for High Level Talents in Guangdong Province(Grant No. 2014TQ01R573)Key Research Plan for National Natural Science Foundation of China in Cultivation Project (No.91546101)
文摘Widely used in clinical research, the database is a new type of data management automation technology and the most efficient tool for data management. In this article, we first explain some basic concepts, such as the definition, classification, and establishment of databases. Afterward, the workflow for establishing databases, inputting data, verifying data, and managing databases is presented. Meanwhile, by discussing the application of databases in clinical research, we illuminate the important role of databases in clinical research practice. Lastly, we introduce the reanalysis of randomized controlled trials(RCTs) and cloud computing techniques, showing the most recent advancements of databases in clinical research.
文摘<strong>Objective:</strong> The study was conducted to understand the situation of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) to participant clinical trials and to analyze the factors affecting the clinical trial participation of patients with IBD. A clinical experiment guidance will be proved by this study to maximized the benefits to patients and to help the clinical trial to conduct successfully. <strong>Method: </strong>An anonymous questionnaire was designed and was administrated to the patients with IBD who were randomly delivered in the inpatient or outpatient departments. The survey result was analyzed. <strong>Result:</strong> Total 372 available questionnaires were returned. Among these patients, 26.3% patients with IBD indicated willingness to participate, 57.3% indicated a situation dependence, and 41.04% indicated unwillingness. Among the potential factors that may influence the patient’s willingness to participate the clinical, trusted physician’s recommendation, no proved drugs to use and accessing to free medication to release financial burden were statistically significant. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The overall willingness of IBD patients to participate in drug clinical trials is not high. Among the patients who are willing to participate in clinical trials, the main reasons for their participation are that they trust doctors’ recommendation, can get free medication and examination, and can reduce the economic burden. Efficacy and safety were the main influencing factors in patients who were case-dependent and unwilling to participate in clinical trials.
文摘目的基于VOSviewer、CiteSpace对针灸治疗功能性消化不良的随机对照试验(RCT)文献进行可视化分析,总结该领域的研究现状、热点及未来发展趋势。方法检索中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、维普网、中国生物医学文献数据库、PubMed、Web of Science核心合集数据库中有关针灸治疗功能性消化不良的RCT文献,检索时限为2004年1月至2023年12月,利用VOSviewer、CiteSpace对该领域作者、机构、关键词进行可视化分析。结果最终纳入中文文献565篇、英文文献12篇。发文量排名前3位的作者为周利、刘存志、常小荣;发文最多的机构为湖北中医药大学;主要关键词为功能性消化不良、针刺、临床疗效;关键词聚类共10类;突现强度最大的关键词为辨证。结论针灸治疗功能性消化不良临床RCT研究目前正处于蓬勃发展阶段,不同疗法及穴位的选择是当前研究热点,研究趋势包括评价指标的选取及效应机制的探索。