Upper and Lower Bounds of the α-Universal Triple I Method for Unified Interval Implications

Theα-universal triple I(α-UTI)method is a recognized scheme in the field of fuzzy reasoning,whichwas proposed by our research group previously.The robustness of fuzzy reasoning determines the quality of reasoning algorithms to a large extent,which is quantified by calculating the disparity between the output of fuzzy reasoning with interference and the output without interference.Therefore,in this study,the interval robustness(embodied as the interval stability)of theα-UTI method is explored in the interval-valued fuzzy environment.To begin with,the stability of theα-UTI method is explored for the case of an individual rule,and the upper and lower bounds of its results are estimated,using four kinds of unified interval implications(including the R-interval implication,the S-interval implication,the QL-interval implication and the interval t-norm implication).Through analysis,it is found that theα-UTI method exhibits good interval stability for an individual rule.Moreover,the stability of theα-UTI method is revealed in the case of multiple rules,and the upper and lower bounds of its outcomes are estimated.The results show that theα-UTI method is stable for multiple rules when four kinds of unified interval implications are used,respectively.Lastly,theα-UTI reasoning chain method is presented,which contains a chain structure with multiple layers.The corresponding solutions and their interval perturbations are investigated.It is found that theα-UTI reasoning chain method is stable in the case of chain reasoning.Two application examples in affective computing are given to verify the stability of theα-UTImethod.In summary,through theoretical proof and example verification,it is found that theα-UTImethod has good interval robustness with four kinds of unified interval implications aiming at the situations of an individual rule,multi-rule and reasoning chain.

基于UPLC-Triple-TOF-MS技术初步分析雅安产道地中药材川牛膝中生物碱成分

采用乙醇提取、成盐、二氯甲烷萃取等方法初步富集川牛膝总生物碱,确定最优提取分离工艺;通过超高液相色谱串联三重四级杆飞行时间质谱法,采用Waters XSelect CSH-C_(18)色谱柱(2.1 mm×150 mm,1.7μm),梯度洗脱,流速为0.3 mL/min,测试波长254 nm,柱温为50℃,进样量为3μL,采用电喷雾离子源正离子模式,扫描范围为m/z 100~1500,并采用全扫描模式对样品数据进行收集,根据高分辨质谱结合二级质谱所得信息对川牛膝中生物碱类化学成分进行快速鉴定,通过对比分子离子峰和碎片离子的质荷比、Scifinder和Reaxy数据库及相关文献,推测出两种生物碱成分。研究建立的生物碱类化学成分提取与分析方法,为提高雅安产道地中药材川牛膝的质量控制水平及后续阐明药效物质基础提供了实验依据。

Reverse triple Ⅰ method of fuzzy reasoning

A theory of reverse triple I method with sustention degree is presented by using the implication operator R0 in every step of the fuzzy reasoning. Its computation formulas of supremum for fuzzy modus ponens and infimum for fuzzy modus tollens are given respectively. Moreover, through the generalization of this problem, the corresponding formulas of α-reverse triple I method with sustention degree are also obtained. In addition, the theory of reverse triple I method with restriction degree is proposed as well by using the operator R0, and the computation formulas of infimum for fuzzy modus ponens and supremum for fuzzy modus tollens are shown.

General Expressions of Triple Ⅰ Restriction Methods for Fuzzy Soft Reasoning

The aim of this paper is to discuss the Triple Ⅰ restriction reasoning methods for fuzzy soft sets. Triple Ⅰ restriction principles for fuzzy soft modus ponens(FSMP) and fuzzy soft modus tollens(FSMT) are proposed, and then, the general expressions of the Triple Ⅰ restriction reasoning method for FSMP and FSMT with respect to residual pairs are presented respectively. Finally, the optimal restriction solutions for Lukasiewicz and Godel implication operators are examined.

Differently implicational α-universal triple I restriction method of (1, 2, 2) type

From the viewpoints of both fuzzy system and fuzzy reasoning, a new fuzzy reasoning method which contains the α- triple I restriction method as its particular case is proposed. The previous α-triple I restriction principles are improved, and then the optimal restriction solutions of this new method are achieved, especially for seven familiar implications. As its special case, the corresponding results of α-triple I restriction method are obtained and improved. Lastly, it is found by examples that this new method is more reasonable than the α-triple I restriction method.

压载荷下Ⅰ-Ⅱ复合型中心裂纹板弹塑性屈曲载荷研究

为了研究含裂纹结构承载能力,采用有限元方法建立压载荷下Ⅰ-Ⅱ复合型中心裂纹板模型,计算裂纹板弹塑性屈曲载荷,讨论相对裂纹长度(a/w)、裂纹倾角(θ)、板宽(w)、板厚(t)、边界条件对弹塑性屈曲载荷及其变化规律的影响。对于上下夹持中心裂纹板,随着裂纹长度和裂纹倾角的增大,板宽越大,中心裂纹板屈曲载荷对裂纹越敏感,中心裂纹板承载能力受到裂纹长度和裂纹倾角的影响越明显。弹塑性屈曲载荷随着板厚的增大而增大,并且随着裂纹倾角的增大,板厚越大,屈曲载荷的下降程度越显著。上下简支中心裂纹板与上下夹持中心裂纹板的屈曲载荷变化规律基本一致,且上下夹持中心裂纹板的屈曲载荷显著大于上下简支中心裂纹板的屈曲载荷。给出不同边界条件下弹塑性屈曲载荷与相对裂纹长度、裂纹倾角的回归关系式。通过中心裂纹板弹塑性屈曲试验发现,采用压缩力学性能计算弹塑性屈曲载荷更接近试验结果,试验屈曲载荷的变化规律与有限元模拟计算结果一致。研究结果对含裂纹结构的承载能力评价具有参考价值。

Improved delayed detached-eddy simulation of massive separation around triple cylinders

The massively separated flow past triple cylin- ders （TriC） in tandem arrangement is simulated using the improved delayed detached-eddy simulation （IDDES） method based on the shear stress transport （SST） model, coupled with the high order adaptive dissipation scheme. The spacing between adjacent cylinders is sub-critical （1.435D）. IDDES prediction of two cylinders （TC） with the same spacing is compared to experimental data for validation, and the numerical results agree well with the available measurements, except for the asymmetry in the gap region. The flow past TriC is investigated using the same method. Generally, the mean flow quantities past TriC, such as the velocity, pressure, and vorticity, are similar to the corresponding components of TC. However, the pressure fluctuations on the TriC surface are uniformly larger than those on TC. Meanwhile, the instantaneous flows past TriC are much more complex. The periodical blockage in the first gap region is found in the TriC case and leads to the up-and-down movement of shear layer in the second gap region.

Universal triple I fuzzy reasoning algorithm of function model based on quotient space

Aiming at the deficiencies of analysis capacity from different levels and fuzzy treating method in product function modeling of conceptual design, the theory of quotient space and universal triple I fuzzy reasoning method are introduced, and then the function modeling algorithm based on the universal triple I fuzzy reasoning method is proposed. Firstly, the product function granular model based on the quotient space theory is built, with its function granular representation and computing rules defined at the same time. Secondly, in order to quickly achieve function granular model from function requirement, the function modeling method based on universal triple I fuzzy reasoning is put forward. Within the fuzzy reasoning of universal triple I method, the small-distance-activating method is proposed as the kernel of fuzzy reasoning; how to change function requirements to fuzzy ones, fuzzy computing methods, and strategy of fuzzy reasoning are respectively investigated as well; the function modeling algorithm based on the universal triple I fuzzy reasoning method is achieved. Lastly, the validity of the function granular model and function modeling algorithm is validated. Through our method, the reasonable function granular model can be quickly achieved from function requirements, and the fuzzy character of conceptual design can be well handled, which greatly improves conceptual design.

甲状腺癌^(131)Ⅰ治疗患者被服清洁解控方案的构建

目的构建^(131)Ⅰ治疗甲状腺癌患者被服清洁解控方案,为临床被服清洁解控的开展提供借鉴。方法通过临床调研、文献研究、影响因素分析、半结构访谈和课题组讨论,构建^(131)Ⅰ治疗甲状腺癌患者被服清洁解控方案初稿。采用德尔菲专家咨询法,选取30名专家进行2轮专家咨询,结合研究小组讨论构建^(131)Ⅰ治疗患者被服清洁解控方案。结果2轮专家咨询问卷回收率均为100%,第2轮咨询中,各条目的变异系数为0.00~0.24,重要性得分为4.13~5.00分,专家权威系数为0.867,一级、二级、三级指标的肯德尔和谐系数分别为0.475、0.420、0.292(均P<0.05),形成的^(131)Ⅰ治疗甲状腺癌患者被服清洁解控方案包括5个一级指标、20个二级指标、59个三级指标。结论^(131)Ⅰ治疗甲状腺癌患者被服清洁解控方案构建过程规范严谨,可为临床^(131)Ⅰ治疗甲状腺癌患者被服的清洁解控提供指引。

Excess PbI_(2)evolution for triple-cation based perovskite solar cells with 21.9%efficiency

The triple cation mixed perovskites(Cs FAMA)are known as one of the most efficient candidates for perovskite solar cells(PSCs).It is found that the power conversion efficiency(PCE)of triple-cation based devices would increase with the test time extending,and the maximum efficiency is normally obtained after several days aging storage.Here,the relationship between enhanced device performance,excess PbI_(2)and its evolution in triple cation perovskite films of initial days was systematically explored.The Cs FAMA-PSCs are prepared by two-step methods under two environmental conditions,including in the glove box and the ambient air(30%humidity).After 7 days testing,the maximum PCE of PSCs under two conditions dramatically increased 12.4%and 12.2%,reached 21.68%and 21.89%,respectively.At initial days,the XRD peak intensities of perovskite phase gradually decreased and those corresponding to PbI_(2)increased.Along with time-resolved photoluminescence(TRPL)and kelvin probe force microscopy(KPFM),it was found that the defects were passivated with the evolution of PbI_(2).This work reveals the excess PbI_(2)and its evolution in perovskite film,which can further supplement the understanding of PbI_(2)defect passivation.

Effect of Wei’s triple nine needling therapy on flash visual evoked potentials in rats with traumatic optic neuropathy

Objective:To investigate the effect of Wei’s triple nine needling therapy on the N2-P2 wave of the flash visual evoked potential(FVEP)in rats of the of the transverse directional pulling model.Methods:Thirty-six Wistar rats were randomly grouped,nine were in normal control group without any treatment,and the remaining 27 were surgically modelled in the right eyes.Eighteen of these rats were randomly divided into a Wei’s triple nine needling therapy group and a model group of nine rats each after the TON model was made using the transverse quantitative retraction method.The other 9 rats were sham-operated,and only the optic nerve was exposed without retraction.On the next day of modelling,the Wei’s triple nine needling therapy group was treated with Wei’s triple nine needling therapy for 20 minutes/1 time/1 day for 14 days.The model group,sham-operated group and normal control group were not intervened.Wei's triple nine acupoints were represented as follows:1st link:"Jingming"(BL1)and"Chengqi"(ST1);2nd link:"Sizhukong"(SJ23)penetrating"Taiyang"(EX-HN5);and the third:"Fengchi"(GB 20)and"Taichong"(LV3).The FVEP of each group was observed on 1d,7d and 14d.The FVEP of each group was observed on 1d,7d and 14d.Results:Compared with the model group,the N2 wave latency and P2 wave latency were shortened in the Wei’s triple nine needling therapy on 1d(P<0.05,P<0.01);on 7d,their N2 wave latency was shortened(P<0.01)and the N2-P2 wave amplitude was increased compared with the model group(P<0.05);on 14d,their P2 wave latency was shortened(P<0.05)and the N2-P2 wave amplitude was increased.There was no statistical difference in N2 wave latency,P2 wave latency and N2-P2 wave amplitude in the sham-operated group on 1d,7d and 14d(P>0.05).The delayed N2 and P2 wave latencies in the model group did not improve from 1d to 14d(P>0.05)and the amplitude decreased throughout,showing a significant difference on 14d compared to 1d(P<0.05).In contrast,the N2 wave latency in Wei’s triple nine needling therapy group was not significantly different until 7d to 14d(P<0.05);its P2 wave latency,although significantly delayed from 1d to 7d(P<0.05),recovered on 14d and reached a level that was not statistically different from 1d and 7d(P>0.05).There was also no significant decrease in N2-P2 wave amplitude between 1d and 14d in Wei’s triple nine needling therapy group(P>0.05).Conclusion:In this experiment,the TON rat model was successfully established by the transverse quantitative retraction method,and the treatment of TON rats with Wei’s triple nine needling therapy reduced the P2 wave delay of the FVEP electrophysiological signal and increased the N2-P2 amplitude,which had a certain positive effect on the repair of optic nerve injury,probably related to its effect of improving the conduction function of the optic nerve and protecting the retinal ganglion cells that had not been degenerated and necrosed.

推拿㨰法对骨骼肌钝挫伤兔MMP-9、TIMP-1、TGF-β_(1)和COL-Ⅰ表达的影响

目的观察推拿㨰法对家兔骨骼肌钝挫伤后基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)、基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂-1(TIMP-1)、转化生长因子-β_(1)(TGF-β_(1))以及Ⅰ型胶原蛋白(COL-Ⅰ)表达的影响,探讨推拿㨰法对骨骼肌钝挫伤的修复作用机制。方法将15只健康成年新西兰兔随机分为空白组、模型组和推拿㨰法组,每组5只。使用自制改良重力锤打击装置对模型组和推拿㨰法组家兔建立骨骼肌钝挫伤模型。推拿㨰法组家兔于造模成功后第7天给予法干预,滚动频率140次/min,2次/d,3 min/次,连续干预3 d。干预结束后第3天进行取材,HE和Masson染色观察股四头肌病理形态,Western blot法检测股四头肌组织中MMP-9、TIMP-1、TGF-β_(1)、COL-Ⅰ表达情况。结果HE染色显示,模型组肌细胞形态大小不均,细胞边界模糊,间隙显著增宽,结缔组织增多,炎细胞浸润明显;推拿㨰法组肌细胞结构相对完整,见少量炎细胞浸润,结缔组织减少。Masson染色显示,模型组肌纤维形态多样且不规整,间隙增宽,部分肌纤维融合成片状,胶原纤维沉积明显;推拿㨰法组肌纤维结构、形态变化及胶原纤维增生程度均明显轻于模型组。模型组家兔股四头肌组织中MMP-9、TIMP-1、TGF-β_(1)、COL-Ⅰ蛋白相对表达量均明显高于空白组(P均<0.05),推拿㨰法组家兔股四头肌组织中MMP-9、TIMP-1、TGF-β_(1)、COL-Ⅰ蛋白相对表达量均明显低于模型组(P均<0.05)。结论推拿㨰法能通过下调MMP-9、TIMP-1、TGF-β_(1)、COL-Ⅰ的表达,抑制胶原蛋白沉积,调控细胞外基质的生降平衡,进而抑制骨骼肌纤维化,促进骨骼肌损伤修复。

改进和优化黑果枸杞及其制品中花青素测定的pH示差法

建立一种基于美国官方分析化学师协会(Association of Official Analytical Chemists,AOAC)方法检测黑果枸杞及其制品中花青素含量的改进pH示差法。考察了黑果枸杞及其制品中花青素的最佳提取和检测条件,通过液相色谱-三重四级杆串联质谱法鉴别出黑果枸杞中花青素的具体化学结构,并计算出混合花青素的平均摩尔质量。通过分光光度法测得混合花青素的平均摩尔消光系数,对改进后的pH示差法进行方法学验证和花青素的含量测定。结果显示,最佳提取和检测条件如下:黑果枸杞花青素提取溶剂为盐酸-80%(体积分数)乙醇(3∶97,体积比),料液比为1∶100(g∶mL),提取温度为50℃,提取时间为30 min,缓冲溶液稀释5倍后静置平衡20 min。液相色谱-三重四级杆串联质谱法鉴别黑果枸杞中主要以矮牵牛素类花青素为主(占97.96%),黑果枸杞特有的混合花青素平均摩尔质量为912.7 g/mol,平均摩尔消光系数为29591 L/(mol·cm)。pH示差法改进后能够满足方法学验证要求,固体样品和液体样品最低检出限分别为28.2 mg/100 g、0.282 mg/100 mL。方法改进后花青素提取增长率均大于20%,静置平衡20 min后单次检测结果精密度小于0.3%。以矮牵牛素类花青素代替矢车菊素-3-O-葡萄糖苷计算花青素含量平均提高了2.41倍,能真实地反映黑果枸杞及其制品中花青素的含量。

养正透邪祛毒法联合NAC方案化疗对三阴性乳腺癌患者疗效、T细胞亚群及癌因性疲乏的影响

目的:探讨养正透邪祛毒法联合NAC方案(多西他赛+表柔比星+环磷酰胺)化疗对三阴性乳腺癌患者疗效、T细胞亚群及癌因性疲乏的影响。方法:选取2022年6月至2023年6月该院诊治的三阴性乳腺癌患者100例,根据随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,各50例。对照组患者给予NAC方案治疗,观察组患者给予口服自拟养正透邪祛毒方与NAC方案联合治疗。观察两组患者的疗效、T淋巴亚群、炎症因子、癌因性疲乏水平及不良反应发生情况。结果:观察组患者的总有效率为82.00%(41/50),明显高于对照组的58.00%(29/50),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组患者CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)、白细胞介素(IL)12和IL-2水平均较治疗前升高,且观察组患者较对照组更高;两组患者CD8^(+)、肿瘤坏死因子α和可溶性白细胞介素-2受体水平,躯体、认知和情感疲乏评分均较治疗前降低,且观察组患者较对照组更低,上述差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组、对照组患者的不良反应发生率分别为24.00%(12/50)、28.00%(14/50),差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:养正透邪祛毒法与NAC方案化疗联合治疗三阴性乳腺癌患者,可明显提高疗效,改善T细胞亚群水平,降低炎症反应,改善癌因性疲乏状况,安全性佳。

配合饲料中64种药物超高效液相色谱-三重四极杆串联质谱检测方法的研究

[目的]建立同时检测配合饲料中64种药物的超高效液相色谱-三重四极杆串联质谱(ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry,UHPLC-MS/MS)法,提高非法添加物的检测效率。[方法]采用Waters HSS T3型色谱柱(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.8μm)进行分离,流动相A为0.1%甲酸水溶液,流动相B为含0.1%甲酸的乙腈溶液,梯度洗脱,流速为0.40 mL/min,进样量为2μL;采用电喷雾离子源正离子扫描模式进行检测,多反应监测模式进行信号采集。比较4种样品提取溶剂以及2种固相萃取柱处理对目标药物的回收率,确定样品前处理的最佳方法。利用建立的UHPLC-MS/MS法对宁夏回族自治区不同来源的100批次配合饲料样品进行64种药物检测。[结果]配合饲料样品均质后,用含0.2%甲酸的乙腈水溶液(乙腈∶水=8∶2,V/V)提取,利用Oasis PRiME HLB型固相萃取柱对样品净化,多数目标药物的回收率在60%以上。64种药物在浓度为5.0~200.0μg/L的范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(R)均大于0.99;不同药物的定量限在5.0~10.0μg/kg;阳性添加5.0、20.0、50.0μg/kg 3个浓度的平均回收率在41.00%~120.49%,批内相对标准偏差(RSD)在0.54%~15.94%,批间RSD在1.25%~13.64%。在100个批次的配合饲料样品中均未检出目标药物。[结论]建立的UHPLC-MS/MS法线性关系良好、回收率高、精密度好,具有较高的重现性和较好的可操作性,可用于配合饲料中非法添加64种药物的筛查。

绿色信贷对商业银行“三性”原则目标的影响研究

以16家商业银行2013—2022年经营数据为样本,把商业银行的安全性、流动性和盈利性用熵权法量化后作为被解释变量,引入商业银行性质作虚拟变量来构建动态面板数据模型,用系统广义矩估计实证研究绿色信贷对商业银行“三性”原则目标指数的影响和“三性”原则目标间的影响。研究结果表明:绿色信贷的推行对商业银行的安全性有抑制作用,对盈利性和流动性都具有正向促进作用;在推行绿色信贷的背景下,商业银行的安全性和盈利性互相促进,盈利性抑制流动性的提升,流动性促进安全性的提高,但安全性对流动性和流动性对盈利性的作用效果不明显;目前推行绿色信贷业务时商业银行性质对商业银行“三性”原则目标产生的影响不大。

碳排放权交易试点政策对新能源企业创新的激励效应——基于创新投入的证据

碳排放权交易试点政策的目标是控制温室气体排放,而新能源企业是发展清洁能源的重要主体,那么该试点政策能否激励新能源企业增加创新投入?既有研究尚未对此做出探讨。鉴于此,本文采用2009~2019年沪深A股新能源企业和其同行业传统企业数据,用三重差分模型考察碳排放权交易试点政策对新能源企业创新投入的影响。研究发现,碳排放权交易试点政策能够促进新能源企业增加创新投入。作用机制分析表明,该试点政策通过从生产端提高企业的减排和创新收益,以及从需求端扩大新能源产品的市场需求,激励新能源企业增加创新投入。进一步分析表明,碳排放权交易试点政策促进新能源企业增加高质量的创新产出。异质性分析表明,在知识产权保护程度高的地区、非管制行业及采用配额有偿分配机制设计的碳排放权交易市场,碳排放权交易试点政策对新能源企业的创新激励效应更显著。研究结论不仅丰富了碳排放权交易试点政策与企业创新的研究,也对建设全国碳排放权交易市场具有启示意义。

柱面坐标计算三重积分的截面法

文章尝试利用柱面坐标的截面法计算三重积分,为学生理解和掌握三重积分的计算提供一点经验与帮助.

中药三联疗法联合GnRH-a减量法防治保守性手术后卵巢子宫内膜异位症复发的临床研究

目的探究中药三联疗法联合促性腺素释放素药物(GnRH-a)减量法防治保守性手术后卵巢子宫内膜异位症复发的临床效果。方法选择2022年7月—2023年12月于南昌市洪都中医院就诊并经腹腔镜手术确诊的卵巢子宫内膜异位症患者100例,按随机数字表法分为参照组与研究组,各50例。参照组给予亮丙瑞林常规剂量治疗,研究组给予中药三联疗法联合亮丙瑞林减量法治疗,比较两组血清雌二醇(E_(2))、孕酮(P)、糖化抗原125(CA125)水平,抗子宫内膜抗体(EMAb)阳性率,视觉模拟量表(VAS)疼痛评分及治疗总有效率。结果研究组治疗总有效率为98.00%(49/50),高于参照组的84.00%(42/50)(P<0.05)。治疗后及停药6个月后,研究组VAS评分均低于参照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,研究组血清E_(2)、CA125水平及EMAb阳性率低于参照组,P含量高于参照组(P<0.05)。结论对于保守性手术后的卵巢子宫内膜异位症患者,采用中药三联疗法联合GnRH-a减量法治疗,可有效降低其病情复发率,改善痛经症状,远程疗效较理想。

新型三分支型主动脉弓腔内覆膜支架在DeBakey Ⅰ型主动脉夹层中的应用

目的：应用新型三分支型主动脉弓覆膜支架治疗DeBakeyⅠ型主动脉夹层，并与传统手术比较，以评价其疗效。方法：2010年1月至2010年11月38例DeBakeyⅠ型主动脉夹层患者在中南大学湘雅二医院胸心外科接受手术治疗，其中16例采用新型三分支型主动脉弓覆膜支架治疗（支架组），22例采用传统四分支人工血管治疗（血管组）。结果：与血管组相比，支架组体外循环时间[（138．1±56．42）VS（179．21±67．64）min]、阻断时间[（98．56±28．08）VS（134．36±46．46）min]和选择性脑灌注时间[（27．3±14．76）VS（48．74±18．22）min]均明显缩短（p〈0．05）；术后24h引流量也明显减少[（608．93±308．15）VS（899．04±437．79）mL，P〈O．05]；喉返神经损伤发生率降低（6．25％VS27．3％），住院天数减少[（16．15±6．68）VS（21．18±12．69）d，P〈O．051。随访14-24个月，复查主动脉CT血管造影显示主动脉弓及分支动脉内支架舒展良好，贴壁满意，相应部位假腔消失，远端假腔内血栓填充，生活质量良好。结论：新型三分支主动脉弓覆膜支架适合于大多数DeBakeyI型主动脉夹层患者的治疗，它可以简化主动脉弓部操作，降低手术风险，早中期疗效满意。