Endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy with bicanalicular silicone tube intubation for treating chronic dacryocystitis secondary to nasolacrimal duct stent incarceration

AIM:To investigate the feasibility of endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy(En-DCR)with bicanalicular silicone tube intubation for treating chronic dacryocystitis secondary to nasolacrimal duct stent(NDS)incarceration.METHODS:En-DCRs were performed on 44 chronic dacryocystitis patients(46 eyes)secondary to NDS incarceration from April 2016 to October 2022.The granuloma and scar tissues were separated,and the removal of NDS incarceration was achieved during the surgery;the flap of the lacrimal sac was trimmed and anastomosed with nasal mucosal,a bicanalicular silicone tube was implanted,and lacrimal size and condition were assessed.The tube was removed 3mo after surgery.During the final follow-up of 12mo when the surgery was completed,the complications and the rates of surgical success were assessed.RESULTS:This study covered 40 patients(42 eyes).Intraoperatively,it was found that the lacrimal sac became small,and the sac wall had granulation and scar tissue attached to the incarcerated NDS in all eyes.At 12mo after surgery completed,the rates of the functional and anatomical success reached 80.95%(34/42)and 83.33%(35/42),respectively.Under the effect of intranasal ostial closure,seven eyes failed to achieve anatomical success.No serious complications(e.g.,visual impairment,sinusitis,and orbital fat prolapse)was observed.CONCLUSION:With the success rate over 80%and no serious complications,En-DCR with bicanalicular silicone tube implantation is effective in treating chronic dacryocystitis secondary to NDS incarceration.

Surgical outcomes in acute dacryocystitis patients undergoing endonasal endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy with or without silicone tube intubation

AIM:To establish the necessity of silicone tube intubation in acute dacryocystitis(AD)patients undergoing endonasal endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy(En-DCR).METHODS:Patients presenting with unilateral AD were randomly assigned to two treatment groups.En-DCR procedures were performed following lacrimal abscess formation,with the operation being performed with silicone intubation for patients in group B but not group A.Functional success was defined by an absence of additional AD episodes,no epiphora,and ostium patency as established via endoscopic evaluation or fluorescein irrigation.Operative success rates and demographic variables were compared between treatment groups.RESULTS:In total,66 patients were analyzed in the present study(33 per group),with complete postoperative data having been successfully collected from 27 and 22 patients in group A and group B,respectively.All patients exhibited complete resolution of acute inflammation.Upon follow-up,granulation tissue was detected around the ostium at higher rates in group B(9/22,40.9%)relative to group A(4/27,14.8%).At the 12-month follow-up time point,patients in group A exhibited higher success rates(25/27,92.6%)relative to patients in group B(20/22,90.9%),but this difference was not significant.Cases of lacrimal passage reconstruction failure in both groups were attributed to excessive fibrous and/or granulation tissue formation proximal to the intranasal ostium.CONCLUSION:Given that these two operative approaches are associated with similar rates of operative success and in light of differences in granulation tissue formation,cost,and operative duration,these data do not support the routine silicone intubation of AD patients following En-DCR surgery.

Fascial pedicle artificial nerve tissue compared with silicone tube bridging to repair sciatic nerve defects in rats

BACKGROUND： Silicone tube bridging for peripheral nerve defects has been shown to be successful in guiding neural regeneration. However, this method is accompanied by complications. Because materials for bridging nerve fibers should exhibit biocompatibility, the development of novel artificial tissues to bridge nerve grafts has become important in the field of nerve tissue engineering for the repair of peripheral nerve defects. OBJECTIVE： To investigate effectiveness and feasibility of fascial pedicle artificial nerve tissue to repair peripheral nerve defects, and to compare to autologous nerve grafts and silicone tube bridging methods. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： Randomized, controlled, neural tissue engineering-based, animal experiments were performed at the Laboratory of Human Anatomy in Qingdao University Medical College from March 2006 to March 2007. MATERIALS： Medical absorbable collagen sponge was purchased from Henan Province Tiangong BJo-Material, China. Cantata 2-track 4-trace EMG-evoked potential instrument was purchased from Dantec, Denmark. Medical silicone tube was purchased from Shenzhen Legend Technology, China. METHODS： Forty healthy, adult, male, Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned to four groups fascial pedicle nerve, autologous nerve, silicone tube, and normal, with 10 rats in each group. A 10-mm defective sciatic nerve section was produced in rats following the removal of the fascial pedicle. The fascial flap surrounding the defect was harvested; one side of the nerve pedicle was maintained and then sutured into a tube with the fascia surface as the pipe inner wail. The tube was filled with a medical absorbable collagen （Bodyin） to construct a bridge between the artificial tissue nerve graft and the damaged sciatic nerve. The sciatic nerve defects in the autologous nerve and silicone tube groups were bridged using autologous nerve grafts and a medical silicone tube with matched specifications. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： At 4 months after transplantation, electromyogram was used to detect sciatic nerve conduction velocity and action potential amplitude. Hematoxylin-eosin and Nissl staining were used to determine the number of spinal cord anterior horn motor neurons and neurites Osmium tetroxide staining of the sciatic nerve bridge section was performed to detect the number and diameter of nerve fibers. RESULTS： There were no differences in sciatic nerve conduction velocity, action potential amplitude, the number of spinal cord anterior horn motor neurons and neurites, sciatic nerve fiber number, and diameter between the autologous nerve graft and normal groups （P 〉 0.05）. However, these values were significantly greater than in the silicone tube group （P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： Quantitative results suggested that artificial nerve tissue, with an autologous tissue fascia flap as a nerve conduit, could be used to repair peripheral nerve defects. The regenerated fascial pedicle artificial nerve tissue was similar to an autologous nerve graft in terms of morphology and functional recovery and was superior to results from silicone tube bridging transplants.

Outcomes of revision external dacryocystorhinostomy and nasal intubation by bicanalicular silicone tubing under endonasal endoscopic guidance

AIM: To evaluate the long-term treatment outcomes in patients who underwent revision of external dacryocysto- rhinostomy (DCR) and nasal intubation by bicanalicular silicone tubing (BSTI) under endonasal endoscopic guidance. · METHODS: Data from 28 patients with recurrent dacryocystitis were retrospectively reviewed. Revision external DCR and bicanalicular nasal intubation by silicone tubing under endonasal endoscopic guidance was performed in 28 eyes of 28 patients. The patients were evaluated with respect to the reason of recurrence, time to recurrence, time to revision, duration of follow-up and surgical success. · RESULTS: Endoscopic endonasal examination detected an osteotomy-side obstruction by the excessive granulation tissue in 24 patients (86%), nasal septal deviation in three patients (10%) and nasal polyp in one patient (4%). Recurrence occurred after a mean duration of 5.3±3.7 months following the first operation. The mean time between the first DCR operation and the revision DCR was 11.5 ± 9.3 months. After a mean follow-up of 14.9±7.8 months, the rate of anatomic success alone was 85% (24/28); the rate of subjective success was 78% (22/28). · CONCLUSION: Revision external DCR and bicanalicular nasal intubation by silicone tubing under endonasal endoscopic guidance can be recommended in patients with recurrent dacryocystitis as a surgical approach that achieves satisfactory objective and subjective success rates.

Use of Silicone Tubes to Repair Canalicular Lacerations via a Novel Method

Purpose:To develop a novel method to repair canalicular lacerations using silicone tubes.Methods:A total of 47 adult patients(47 eyes)with canalicular lacerations were collected from the outpatient department from November 2010 to December 2012.The age ranged from16 to 53 years.Among the 47 eyes,37 had lower canalicular lacerations,6 had upper canalicular lacerations,and 4 had bicanalicular lacerations..A soft probe was made using a stainless steel acupuncture needle,which was inserted into the lumen of the proximal part of the catheter to increase its rigidity.The probe was then inserted into the lacrimal sac and nasolacrimal duct.After retrieval of the catheters,the two ends of the silicone tube were securely tied.(end to end).to the catheters..The silicon tube outside the nostril formed a Ushape.The catheters were then pulled upward until the silicone tube was completely located in the canalicular system.The catheters were cut off of the silicone tube near the site of the connection.The two ends of the silicone tube were cut short,~2mm out of the lacrimal punctum,and tied securely,end to end.The length of the tube between the upper and lower punctum was adjusted to ensure that no tension was present in the medial cathus,and the suture was removed through the nostril.The silicone tube was removed 3-10 months after this novel canalicular intubation procedure (NCI).Results:.All cases were anatomically rehabilitated after surgery..The silicone tube was removed after implanted in 3-10months (mean 4.5±1.3 months),the average follow-up time was 11.8 months after removal.In total,45 eyes in all 47eyes (95.74%)were free from obstruction.Among them,41eyes (91.11%) achieved complete success(completely disap-pearance of epiphora after tube removal),.4 eyes.(8.89%)achieved partial success.(irritation occurs under stimulation conditions,such as wind or cold conditions),4 eyes showed postoperative tearing,with three eyes having inferior lacrimal duct laceration,and one eye with superior canalicular laceration.Apart from two cases (4.26%) suffering inferior punctum splitting,no other associated issues occurred with the silicone tube or iatrogenic injury and lacrimal complications.Conclusion:For adult patients with canalicular laceration,the NCI was an effective,atraumatic surgery,which has fewer complications than traditional canalicular suture.

Repositioning of the complete prolapsed silicone tube with modified suture-probe and silk thread traction method

The whole lacrimal passage intubation is widely used in lacrimal surgery.However,one of the most typical complications is the prolapse of the silicone tube from the medial canthus.In case,the bicanalicular silicone tube after whole lacrimal duct intubation has completely prolapsed from the medial canthus before extubation,then cannot be found in the opening of the nasolacrimal duct,and it would be a challenge to reposition or removal.A novel approach to employ a modified suture-probe and silk thread traction technique has been developed,and it is not only safe and effective,but also cost-effective.

Effect of intubation in patients with functional epiphora after endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy

AIM:To investigate the effect of bicanalicular silicone tube intubation(BSTI)in the treatment of functional epiphora after endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy(En-DCR).METHODS:Clinical data of 84 patients(95 eyes)with functional epiphora after En-DCR were retrospectively analyzed.Functional epiphora was confirmed as persistent or recurrent epiphora by fluorescein dye disappearance test(FDDT),lacrimal irrigation test,as well as endoscopic examination.Secondary BSTIs were recommended for patients with functional epiphora.These tubes were removed 1mo after surgery.Functional success and associated complications were assessed after 2y of follow-up.RESULTS:Seven patients(9 eyes)refused intervention,5 patients(6 eyes)did not complete postoperative followup,and 1 patient(1 eye)developed tube prolapse within 1mo after surgery.Seventy-one patients(79 eyes)were included at last.Functional success ratios at six months,one year,as well as two years post-operation were 94.9%(75/79),92.4%(73/79),and 91.1%(72/79),respectively.Three eyes presented with punctal slitting(2 eyes without epiphora),1 eye with proximal canaliculus slitting,1 eye with canaliculus stenosis and 4 eyes with still present functional epiphora without detectable abnormal at the last follow-up.CONCLUSION:Secondary intubation is an effective procedure with low recurrence probability for functional epiphora after En-DCR.Punctal and canaliculus injury are the main tube-associated complications after secondary intubation.

气相色谱法测定注射用雷替曲塞中甲基环硅氧烷

目的 建立液液萃取法测定注射用雷替曲塞中六甲基环三硅氧烷(D3)、八甲基环四硅氧烷(D4)、十甲基环五硅氧烷(D5)、十二甲基环六硅氧烷(D6)含量的气相色谱法。方法 采用Agilent CP-Sil 8 CB for Amines毛细管色谱柱(30 m×0.25 mm, 0.5μm),氢火焰离子化检测器(FID),进样口温度为260℃,检测器温度为260℃,载气为氮气,流速1.0 mL·min^(-1),程序升温,直接进样,进样量为1.0μL,分流比30∶1。结果 4种环硅氧烷类化合物在40~1000μg·mL^(-1)范围内呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数r为0.9998~0.9999,D3~D6平均加样回收率(n=9)分别为98.45%、96.18%、98.60%、95.14%,RSD分别为1.99%、1.56%、2.72%、0.98%。结论 本文建立注射用雷替曲塞中甲基环硅氧烷的检测方法,本法简便,准确、专属性强,适用于注射用雷替曲塞中环硅氧烷类的检测。

工作场所空气中乙醇胺的测定方法

文章以硅胶管采集,甲醇溶剂解吸,苯甲醛衍生后衍生物为2-苯亚甲基氨基乙醇,氢火焰离子化检测器检测,以保留时间定性,峰面积定量建立了一套工作场所空气中乙醇胺的气相色谱分析方法。结果显示:乙醇胺在12.43~248.6μg/mL范围内线性关系良好,相关系数0.999 7,检出限0.23μg/mL,定量下限0.93μg/mL。按采样体积1.5 L计算,最低检出浓度0.15 mg/m^(3),最低定量浓度0.62 mg/m^(3),精密度1.0%~4.0%,解吸效率92.7%~101.0%,采样效率97.4%,常温下样品保存>7d。该分析方法各项指标均满足国家相关标准要求、高效便捷、对设备损伤小、推广性强。

管式PECVD工艺对“SE+PERC”晶体硅太阳电池镀膜均匀性的影响及改善研究

针对在“SE+PERC”晶体硅太阳电池制备过程中,采用管式等离子体增强化学气相沉积(PECVD)工艺沉积正面钝化介质膜后,硅片正面会出现角部发红色差,即镀膜均匀性异常的问题,通过实验,对硅片厚度、工器具状态、背面膜层结构、正面钝化介质膜沉积工艺等影响因素对硅片正面角部发红色差的影响分别进行分析和讨论,并提出解决方案。研究结果表明:硅片正面角部发红色差的产生与硅片自身厚度、工器具状态、背面膜层结构、正面钝化介质膜沉积工艺均存在一定关系。通过采用最具优势的管式PECVD工艺条件,即优化自动化装片技术、控制石墨舟形变量、采用合适的背面膜层结构,以及正面钝化介质膜沉积工艺采用高射频功率叠加高腔体压力,可将正面角部发红色差硅片的占比降低至0%,从而可有效提升“SE+PERC”晶体硅太阳电池的成品率,提升生产线的经济效益。

新型硅胶管治疗泪小管断裂的临床疗效(英文)

目的:评价新型硅胶管(RS一次性使用泪道引流管)治疗泪小管断裂的临床效果。方法:回顾性研究。收集2013-01/2015-10来我院就诊的47例47眼泪小管断裂患者完整的临床资料。在泪小管断裂吻合术中,新型硅胶管从上、下泪小点"U"形置入,在泪道中保留3mo。拔管后,观察泪道通畅率、是否伴有泪溢和其他并发症发生情况。结果:所有患者,泪小管吻合成功,新型硅胶管顺利植入。未发生硅胶管相关的并发症,如眼部刺激、泪小点外翻和撕裂、过早脱落等。治愈41例(87%),泪道冲洗通畅,无泪溢。部分治愈4例(9%),患眼轻微泪溢,但泪道冲洗通畅。失败2例(4%),患眼泪溢,泪道冲洗不畅。结论:在泪小管断裂吻合术中,新型硅胶管是一种安全、有效、无创的置入物,其操作过程简单,易于掌握,术者学习曲线短。

无鼻内窥镜下RS置管术治疗泪小管断裂的临床疗效

目的:探讨无鼻内窥镜下RS置管术治疗泪小管断裂的临床疗效。方法:回顾性分析我院2017-09/2018-03收治的泪小管断裂患者52例52眼。根据入院时间顺序分为两组,RS管组32例32眼,环形泪道置管组20例20眼。对比分析两组患者的术中鼻出血、临床疗效和术后并发症情况。结果:RS管组术中无鼻出血发生,环形泪道置管组鼻黏膜出血15眼,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0. 001)。RS管组治愈26眼,好转3眼,无效3眼,治疗有效率为91%;环形泪道置管组治愈15眼,好转3眼,无效2眼,治疗有效率为90%,两组临床疗效差异无统计学意义(P=0. 877)。术后2wk～2mo,RS管组脱管2眼,有1眼在留置未满2wk时从泪小点脱出,给予再次吻合;另有1眼在术后1～2mo内从泪点抽出,未再次手术,随访时泪道冲洗好转。环形泪道置管组脱管3眼,未再次手术,在以后的随访过程中泪道冲洗好转。两组患者术后并发症差异无统计学意义(P=0. 361)。结论:泪小管断裂需及时手术治疗,采用RS管能提高手术成功率,降低并发症的概率,并且具有操作方法简单、组织相容性好、不影响患者外观等优点。

Effects of estradiol-17β and bisphenol A administered chronically to mice throughout pregnancy and lactation on the male pups＇ reproductive system

Aim： To assess the effect of estradiol-17β （E2） and bisphenol A （BPA） administered chronically by implanting a silicone tube throughout pregnancy and lactation on male pups＇ reproductive system in ICR mice. Methods： Female mice were implanted with a tube filled with 10 ng, 500 ng, 1 μg, or 10 μg of E2, or 100 μg or 5 mg of BPA, before mating. The tube was kept in the mice throughout pregnancy and lactation, until the pups had weaned at 4 weeks of age. During the period, E2 was released from the tube at 120 pg or 6, 12 or 120 ng/day, and BPA at 1.2 or 60 μg/day. Results： Most of the mice given 1 μg and 10 lag of E2 did not maintain their pregnancy. However, the other groups showed high rates of birth, more than 70%. At age of 4 weeks, the male pups were killed. Body weight and reproductive organ weights （testes, epididymides and accessory reproductive glands） in the treated groups did not differ from the control values, whereas the percentage of seminiferous tubules in the testis with mature spermatids was significantly lower in the groups given 10 ng and 500 ng of E2 and 5 mg of BPA than that in the control. Conclusion： Chronic exposure to E2 and BPA might disrupt spermatogenesis in male pups. （Asian JAndrol 2008 Mar; 10： 271-276）

硅胶管置入在手术治疗喉气管狭窄中的应用

目的探讨硅胶管置入在喉气管狭窄手术治疗中的应用。方法回顾根据喉气管狭窄的范围和程度,选用气管镜扩张、激光切除、喉气管切开成形和支撑器扩张等方式,对36例后天性喉气管狭窄的患者进行治疗。结果 32例患者拔管治愈,成功率为88.8%。结论喉气管狭窄病情复杂多变,术中应根据病变的范围和程度,选择适当的治疗方法,方能获得满意的治疗效果。

两种不同硅胶引流管治疗慢性泪囊炎的临床观察

目的比较两种不同硅胶引流管在逆行置管术治疗慢性泪囊炎中的临床效果。方法选取2009年1月至2011年6月在我科治疗的80例单眼单纯性慢性泪囊炎患者，根据放置引流管的不同，将患者随机分成球头硅胶管逆行置管术（A）组和泪道扩张引流管逆行置管术（B）组，术后3～6个月拔管，随访18个月，评价两组患者手术成功率，并比较两组患者术后拔管操作难易度及复发率。结果完成随访者75例纳入疗效分析，A组39例，B组36例，两组患者年龄、性别、眼别、病程差异均无统计学意义（均为P〉0．05）。A组手术成功率为94．9％（37／39），B组为88．9％（32／36），两组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。拔管时，A组有1例、B组5例拔管困难。随访期间，A组有2例、B组有4例复发。结论两种不同硅胶引流管在逆行置管术治疗慢性泪囊炎中都具有操作简单、安全、适应证广等优点，且疗效显著；而在拔管过程中球头硅胶管拔管较泪道扩张引流管相对容易。

激光联合不同硅胶管植入治疗不同部位泪道阻塞的疗效

目的:观察激光联合新型一次性使用泪道再通管(RS型)或泪道扩张引流管(鼻泪管)治疗不同部位泪道阻塞疾病的疗效。方法:针对2011-01/2013-12我院548例657眼泪道阻塞患者,其中泪小管(含泪总管)阻塞患者236例298眼,采用KTP激光联合泪道再通管(RS型)植入术;鼻泪管阻塞患者312例359眼,采用KTP激光联合泪道扩张引流管(鼻泪管)植入术,术后坚持泪道冲洗,手术3mo后拔除支架,以拔管后3mo冲洗泪道情况及患者自觉溢泪情况作为评定标准。结果:泪小管(或泪总管)阻塞的患者行KTP激光联合新型RS型泪道再通管植入术,其中治愈248眼,女子转33眼,无效17眼;鼻泪管阻塞的患者行KTP激光联合泪道扩张引流管植入术,其中治愈301眼,好转19眼,无效39眼。有效601眼,总有效率91.5%。结论:泪道阻塞患者治疗过程中需制定个性化治疗方案,针对泪道不同部位阻塞激光联合不同硅胶管植入经临床观察疗效肯定,可作为基层医院泪道阻塞患者首选治疗方式。

新型泪道探通引流装置的临床应用

目的 观察新型泪道探通引流装置治疗泪囊炎和泪小管断裂的临床效果。方法 新型泪道探通引流装置是由两端金属探子及中间软性硅胶管组成,利用该装置对30例泪囊炎,15例泪小管断裂患者进行治疗。结果 25例泪囊炎患者均在植管后1周内症状消失。5例泪囊炎患者在留管期间明显好转,拔管后复发。15例泪小管断裂者术后溢泪症状立即消失。拔管后观察6月,冲洗泪道通畅。结论 新型泪道探通引流装置治疗由泪管狭窄、阻塞及断裂所致的溢泪、流脓组织创伤小,临床疗效肯定,具有推广应用价值。

鼻泪管逆行插入硅胶管治疗慢性泪囊炎20例

目的:探讨鼻泪管逆行插入硅胶管治疗慢性泪囊炎的临床疗效。方法:泪道内逆行插入由甘肃酒泉人民医院眼科高顺义研制的泪道再通硅胶管。结果:随访1～2a,治愈16例,4例失败。结论:鼻泪管逆行插入硅胶管术具有颜面部无切口,术后面部不遗留疤痕,创伤小,简便易行等优点。

比较两种泪道置管治疗儿童泪小管断裂的临床研究

目的:比较RS管泪道再通管(RS-type lacrimal intubation,RS管)和环形泪管在儿童泪小管断裂吻合术中的临床疗效。方法:回顾性分析2016-08/2018-07我院收治的泪小管断裂患儿37例37眼的临床资料。治疗组20例20眼行RS管置入术,对照组17例17眼行环形泪管置入术,比较分析两种泪道置管术的临床效果和并发症情况。结果:治疗组和对照组术中鼻黏膜出血率分别为0和100%。治疗组和对照组治疗有效率分别为95%和88%(P=0.584)。治疗组和对照组术后并发症率分别为5%和12%(P=0.584)。结论:RS管置入术可有效避免鼻黏膜出血情况发生,操作简便、易拔管、并发症少、安全性高、效果好,适宜在基层医院广泛推行。