Metastasis usually presents in the different courses of tumor diseases and associates with poor prognosis.Circulating tumor cells(CTC) are considered to be essential for conforming metastasis and can be detected in tu...Metastasis usually presents in the different courses of tumor diseases and associates with poor prognosis.Circulating tumor cells(CTC) are considered to be essential for conforming metastasis and can be detected in tumor patients' peripheral blood.CTC are not easily detected by conventional cytology methods because of their low frequency in peripheral blood.Our article reviews the recent research results on this subject,and also discusses the problems and prospects in this area.展开更多
Background:Bladder cancer,characterized by a high potential of tumor recurrence,has high lifelong monitoring and treatment costs.To date,tumor cells with intrinsic softness have been identified to function as cancer s...Background:Bladder cancer,characterized by a high potential of tumor recurrence,has high lifelong monitoring and treatment costs.To date,tumor cells with intrinsic softness have been identified to function as cancer stem cells in several cancer types.Nonetheless,the existence of soft tumor cells in bladder tumors remains elusive.Thus,our study aimed to develop a microbarrier microfluidic chip to efficiently isolate deformable tumor cells from distinct types of bladder cancer cells.Methods:The stiffness of bladder cancer cells was determined by atomic force microscopy(AFM).The modified microfluidic chip was utilized to separate soft cells,and the 3D Matrigel culture system was to maintain the softness of tumor cells.Expression patterns of integrinβ8(ITGB8),protein kinase B(AKT),and mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)were determined by Western blotting.Double immunostaining was conducted to examine the interaction between F-actin and tripartite motif containing 59(TRIM59).The stem-cell-like characteristics of soft cells were explored by colony formation assay and in vivo studies upon xenografted tumor models.Results:Using our newly designed microfluidic approach,we identified a small fraction of soft tumor cells in bladder cancer cells.More importantly,the existence of soft tumor cells was confirmed in clinical human bladder cancer specimens,in which the number of soft tumor cells was associated with tumor relapse.Furthermore,we demonstrated that the biomechanical stimuli arising from 3D Matrigel activated the F-actin/ITGB8/TRIM59/AKT/mTOR/glycolysis pathways to enhance the softness and tumorigenic capacity of tumor cells.Simultaneously,we detected a remarkable up-regulation in ITGB8,TRIM59,and phospho-AKT in clinical bladder recurrent tumors compared with their non-recurrent counterparts.Conclusions:The ITGB8/TRIM59/AKT/mTOR/glycolysis axis plays a crucial role in modulating tumor softness and stemness.Meanwhile,the soft tumor cells become more sensitive to chemotherapy after stiffening,that offers new insights for hampering tumor progression and recurrence.展开更多
目的:通过双重免疫荧光染色法鉴定不同肺组织内是否存在Clara细胞特异性抗原(Clara cell specific antigen,CCA)和肺泡表面活性蛋白C(surfactant protein C,SP-C)共表达的双阳性细胞(double positive cell,DPCs)CCA+SP-C+细胞,为后续开...目的:通过双重免疫荧光染色法鉴定不同肺组织内是否存在Clara细胞特异性抗原(Clara cell specific antigen,CCA)和肺泡表面活性蛋白C(surfactant protein C,SP-C)共表达的双阳性细胞(double positive cell,DPCs)CCA+SP-C+细胞,为后续开展肺干细胞的相关研究提供实验基础。方法:取成年鼠(小鼠、大鼠)和新生鼠(小鼠、大鼠)的正常肺组织,人的肺鳞癌、腺癌的癌组织和癌旁组织,冰冻切片,进行双重免疫荧光染色,通过激光扫描共聚焦显微镜观察肺组织内是否存在DPCs。每例标本观察时镜下随机选择4~6个视野,计数100~200个肺细胞,得出每百个细胞内DPCs百分率,采用SPSS 11.0统计软件包对数据进行分析。结果:在成年鼠和新生鼠的正常肺组织中均发现了DPCs的存在,在人的肺腺癌组织中也发现了DPCs,而在鳞癌组织中未见DPCs;在人的癌旁组织DPCs数量明显多于相对应的癌组织(P<0.05)。结论:本研究不仅证实了DPCs细胞存在的广泛性,而且在人的肺腺癌组织中发现了DPCs,同时发现癌旁组织内的DPCs明显多于癌组织,为后续进一步分离、纯化DPCs,研究正常肺干细胞和肺癌干细胞的生物学特性提供了实验基础。展开更多
文摘Metastasis usually presents in the different courses of tumor diseases and associates with poor prognosis.Circulating tumor cells(CTC) are considered to be essential for conforming metastasis and can be detected in tumor patients' peripheral blood.CTC are not easily detected by conventional cytology methods because of their low frequency in peripheral blood.Our article reviews the recent research results on this subject,and also discusses the problems and prospects in this area.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81902578,81974098,8197032158)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2020M670057ZX)+3 种基金Programs from Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province(No.2021YJ0462)Post-doctoral Science Research Foundation of Sichuan University(No.2020SCU12041)Post-Doctor Research Project,West China Hospital,Sichuan University(Nos.2018HXBH084,2019HXBH092)the National key research and development program of China(No.2020YFC2008601)
文摘Background:Bladder cancer,characterized by a high potential of tumor recurrence,has high lifelong monitoring and treatment costs.To date,tumor cells with intrinsic softness have been identified to function as cancer stem cells in several cancer types.Nonetheless,the existence of soft tumor cells in bladder tumors remains elusive.Thus,our study aimed to develop a microbarrier microfluidic chip to efficiently isolate deformable tumor cells from distinct types of bladder cancer cells.Methods:The stiffness of bladder cancer cells was determined by atomic force microscopy(AFM).The modified microfluidic chip was utilized to separate soft cells,and the 3D Matrigel culture system was to maintain the softness of tumor cells.Expression patterns of integrinβ8(ITGB8),protein kinase B(AKT),and mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)were determined by Western blotting.Double immunostaining was conducted to examine the interaction between F-actin and tripartite motif containing 59(TRIM59).The stem-cell-like characteristics of soft cells were explored by colony formation assay and in vivo studies upon xenografted tumor models.Results:Using our newly designed microfluidic approach,we identified a small fraction of soft tumor cells in bladder cancer cells.More importantly,the existence of soft tumor cells was confirmed in clinical human bladder cancer specimens,in which the number of soft tumor cells was associated with tumor relapse.Furthermore,we demonstrated that the biomechanical stimuli arising from 3D Matrigel activated the F-actin/ITGB8/TRIM59/AKT/mTOR/glycolysis pathways to enhance the softness and tumorigenic capacity of tumor cells.Simultaneously,we detected a remarkable up-regulation in ITGB8,TRIM59,and phospho-AKT in clinical bladder recurrent tumors compared with their non-recurrent counterparts.Conclusions:The ITGB8/TRIM59/AKT/mTOR/glycolysis axis plays a crucial role in modulating tumor softness and stemness.Meanwhile,the soft tumor cells become more sensitive to chemotherapy after stiffening,that offers new insights for hampering tumor progression and recurrence.
基金This work was supported by grants from the Wellcome Trust UK (056909/299/Z) the Ministry of Education China (GJ9901) the Health Department of Guangdong Province (A2001474).
文摘目的:通过双重免疫荧光染色法鉴定不同肺组织内是否存在Clara细胞特异性抗原(Clara cell specific antigen,CCA)和肺泡表面活性蛋白C(surfactant protein C,SP-C)共表达的双阳性细胞(double positive cell,DPCs)CCA+SP-C+细胞,为后续开展肺干细胞的相关研究提供实验基础。方法:取成年鼠(小鼠、大鼠)和新生鼠(小鼠、大鼠)的正常肺组织,人的肺鳞癌、腺癌的癌组织和癌旁组织,冰冻切片,进行双重免疫荧光染色,通过激光扫描共聚焦显微镜观察肺组织内是否存在DPCs。每例标本观察时镜下随机选择4~6个视野,计数100~200个肺细胞,得出每百个细胞内DPCs百分率,采用SPSS 11.0统计软件包对数据进行分析。结果:在成年鼠和新生鼠的正常肺组织中均发现了DPCs的存在,在人的肺腺癌组织中也发现了DPCs,而在鳞癌组织中未见DPCs;在人的癌旁组织DPCs数量明显多于相对应的癌组织(P<0.05)。结论:本研究不仅证实了DPCs细胞存在的广泛性,而且在人的肺腺癌组织中发现了DPCs,同时发现癌旁组织内的DPCs明显多于癌组织,为后续进一步分离、纯化DPCs,研究正常肺干细胞和肺癌干细胞的生物学特性提供了实验基础。
