Quality Synthetic Evaluation of Urea Formaldehyde Foam Substrate in Turf Establishment

[Objective]The aim of this study was to explore the feasibility of three kinds of urea formaldehyde foam substrate in tall fescue establishment as well as to study on evaluation of turf quality.[Method]The visual estimates,ecological quality estimates and utility quality estimates were used as the 1st level indicators,and the density,color,texture,uniformity,green period,cover degree,biomass,emergence energy,growth rate and turf-forming time were used as the corresponding 2nd level indicators.With T.L.Satty＇s method Analytic Hierarchy Process（AHP） and the fuzzy synthesis evaluation method,the weight ratio of matrix was obtained and the synthetic evaluation result was accorded with facts,then it could be regarded as the satisfying value of weight.[Result]The quality of three covering soil treatments was better than that of uncovering treatment and conventional treatment,the quality synthetic evaluation of F1 was the best,which was about 0.770.[Conclusion]Urea formaldehyde foam substrate showed high quality for turf establishment,which could be further spread and applied.

Coastal geomorphic evolution at the Denglou Cape, the Leizhou Peninsula

The Denglou Cape, southwest of the Leizhou Peninsula, is the most typical tropical coast in the continent of China.The coastal geomorphic development basics of the geology and Quaternary environment change are discussed. Aerial photograph interpretation with fieldwork is applied to draw the outlines of geomorphic types. Based on the investigative data, the exogenic forces and marine organism conditions concerning tropical coast development in the area are expounded, and coastal dynamo-deposition geomorphic bodies are analysed, mainly with sea cliff-abrasion platform,barrier-lagoon system, modern beach, coral reef and mangrove tidal flat, and the general process of coastal evolution at this area, as well as coastline changes since middle Holocene transgression.

Breeding for drought tolerance in perennial ryegrass(Lolium perenne L.)and tall fescue(Lolium arundinaceum[Schreb.]Darbysh.)by exploring genotype by environment by management interactions

Background:Drought‐tolerant turfgrass cultivars are becoming more important each year as landscape irrigation practices are becoming more restrictive.Methods:In this study,we quantified the level of drought tolerance(DT)in perennial ryegrass and tall fescue genotypes across years under different mowing(MH)and fertility(FL)rates.A total of 48 ryegrass and 38 tall fescue genotypes were planted in 2011 at NexGen,Albany,OR.The trial was divided into three subtrials:(i)DT;(ii)MH and DT;and(iii)FL and DT.Results:The results showed that there was significant genetic variance for most of the traits in both species.The genotype×year interaction was predominantly simple,indicating small changes in genotype ranking for both species.Lower MH improved DT in perennial ryegrass,whereas higher MH resulted in greater DT in tall fescue.For both species,higher MH improved the population mean for turf quality.Higher FL inputs led to higher turf quality for both species,but it did not affect the DT response.Conclusions:Using a selection index,six genotypes for perennial ryegrass and four for tall fescue were selected.