Superlattice Patterns in Coupled Turing Systems

In this paper, superlattice patterns have been investigated by using a two linearly coupled Brusselator model. It is found that superlattice patterns can only be induced in the sub-system with the short wavelength. Three different coupling methods have been used in order to investigate the mode interaction between the two Turing modes. It is proved in the simulations that interaction between activators in the two sub-systems leads to spontaneous formation of black eye pattern and/or white eye patterns while interaction between inhibitors leads to spontaneous formation of super-hexagonal pattern. It is also demonstrated that the same symmetries of the two modes and suitable wavelength ratio of the two modes should also be satisfied to form superlattice patterns.

扩散和时滞影响下病毒感染模型的Turing不稳定性和Hopf分岔

考虑反应扩散和时滞因素,研究了病毒感染模型的Turing不稳定性和Hopf分岔.首先,给出无时滞情形下的Turing不稳定条件;其次,选择时滞为分岔参数,得到Hopf分岔的判据,同时给出分岔阈值的解析表达;最后,通过数值模拟仿真验证了理论结果的正确性.

延迟反馈对Turing和Hopf分岔转换的控制

研究了一类反应扩散方程在延迟反馈控制下的时空不稳定性.将延迟视为扰动,分析了延迟对余维-2 Turing-Hopf相空间附近的Turing和Hopf不稳定性的影响.延迟显著地改变了振荡频率、本征波矢量以及Turing和Hopf模态的强度.可见适当的延迟可以控制Turing斑图和Hopf斑图之间的转换.结果表明,单个反馈或双反馈都可以实现Turing斑图与Hopf斑图之间转换的控制,从而说明了延迟反馈对控制余维-2 Turing-Hopf相空间附近的斑图形成方面的有效性.

Bifurcation and Turing Pattern Formation in a Diffusion Modified Leslie-Gower Predator-Prey Model with Crowley-Martin Functional Response

In this paper, we study a modified Leslie-Gower predator-prey model with Smith growth subject to homogeneous Neumann boundary condition, in which the functional response is the Crowley-Martin functional response term. Firstly, for ODE model, the local stability of equilibrium point is given. And by using bifurcation theory and selecting suitable bifurcation parameters, we find many kinds of bifurcation phenomena, including Transcritical bifurcation and Hopf bifurcation. For the reaction-diffusion model, we find that Turing instability occurs. Besides, it is proved that Hopf bifurcation exists in the model. Finally, numerical simulations are presented to verify and illustrate the theoretical results.

具有饱和效应的任意阶自催化反应扩散模型的Turing不稳定性和Hopf分支

利用Hopf分支理论,研究一类具有饱和效应的任意阶自催化反应扩散模型.首先,对常微分系统给出正平衡点的稳定性,且以a为分支参数给出Hopf分支的存在性及稳定性;其次,对扩散系统建立由扩散引起的Turing不稳定性,同时给出Hopf分支的存在性;最后,用数值模拟实例验证理论分析结果的正确性.

带收获率的Lotka-Volterra捕食者-食饵趋化扩散模型的Turing不稳定性

为了解一类带收获率的Lotka-Volterra捕食者-食饵趋化扩散模型的Turing不稳定性,应用线性化方法证明了趋化扩散具有不稳定性作用,能产生Turing斑图,并运用数值解验证了所得结论.

Turing Instability and Pattern Induced by Cross-Diffusion for a Nonlinear Reaction-Diffusion System of Turbulence-Shear Flow Interaction

The Turing instability and the phenomena of pattern formation for a nonlinear reaction-diffusion(RD) system of turbulence-shear flowinteraction are investigated.By the linear stability analysis,the essential conditions for Turing instability are obtained.It indicates that the emergence of cross-diffusion terms leads to the destabilizing mechanism.Then the amplitude equations and the asymptotic solutions of the model closed to the onset of instability are derived by using the weakly nonlinear analysis.

Turing Instability of Diffusive Predator⁃Prey System with Gompertz Growth

This paper mainly focus on the research of a predator⁃prey system with Gompertz growth of prey.When the system does not contain diffusion,the stability conditions of positive equilibrium and the occurring condition of the Hopf bifurcation are obtained.When the diffusion term of the system appears,the stable conditions of positive equilibrium and the Turing instability condition are also obtained.Turing instability is induced by the diffusion term through theoretical analysis.Thus,the region of parameters in which Turing instability occurs is presented.Then the amplitude equations are derived by the multiple scale method.The results will enrich the pattern dynamics in predator⁃prey systems.

Turing Patterns in a Reaction-Diffusion System

We have further investigated Turing patterns in a reaction-diffusion system by theoretical analysis and numerical simulations. Simple Turing patterns and complex superlattice structures are observed. We find that the shape and type of Turing patterns depend on dynamical parameters and external periodic forcing, and is independent of effective diffusivity rate σ in the Lengyel Epstein model Our numerical results provide additional insight into understanding the mechanism of development of Turing patterns and predicting new pattern formations.

Numerical Simulation of Reaction-Diffusion Systems of Turing Pattern Formation

Differential method and homotopy analysis method are used for solving the two-dimensional reaction-diffusion model. And the structure of the solutions is analyzed. Finally, the homotopy series solutions are simulated with the mathematical software Matlab, so the Turing patterns will be produced. Overall analysis and experimental simulation of the model show that the different parameters lead to different Turing pattern structures. As time goes on, the structure of Turing patterns changes, and the final solutions tend to stationary state.

Turing pattern selection for a plant-wrack model with cross-diffusion

We investigate the Turing instability and pattern formation mechanism of a plant-wrack model with both self-diffusion and cross-diffusion terms.We first study the effect of self-diffusion on the stability of equilibrium.We then derive the conditions for the occurrence of the Turing patterns induced by cross-diffusion based on self-diffusion stability.Next,we analyze the pattern selection by using the amplitude equation and obtain the exact parameter ranges of different types of patterns,including stripe patterns,hexagonal patterns and mixed states.Finally,numerical simulations confirm the theoretical results.

具有交错扩散Brusselator模型的Turing不稳定

为了研究交错扩散对Turing不稳定现象的影响,通过在原有的自扩散Brusselator模型中加入交错扩散项,建立了一类Neumann边值条件下具有交错扩散的Brusselator模型。首先,给出常微分系统正平衡点的渐近稳定性。其次,运用线性化方法,得到线性系统对应的特征方程,给出交错扩散系统在正平衡解处发生Turing不稳定性的条件。进一步,在一维情况下,得到交错扩散系统发生Turing不稳定性更为具体的充分条件,在实际应用中更容易验证。最后,利用Matlab进行数值模拟,分析了交错扩散对于Turing不稳定性现象的影响。结果表明:在一定条件下,不管自扩散系统是稳定的还是不稳定的,加入交错扩散后都可以改变原来自扩散系统正平衡解的稳定性。因此,交错扩散可以造成系统产生Turing不稳定性,也可以使Turing不稳定性消失。

Turing Instability of Gray-Scott Reaction-Diffusion Model with Time Delay Effects

The reaction diffusion Gray-Scott model with time delay is put forward with the assumption of Neumann boundary condition is satisfied. Based on the Turing bifurcation condition, the Turing curves on two parameter plane are discussed without time delay. The normal form is computed via applying Lyapunov-Schmidt reduction method in system of PDE, and the bifurcating direction of pitchfork bifurcation underlying codimension-1 singularity of Turing point is computed. The continuation of Pitchfork bifurcation is simulated with varying free parameter continuously near the turing point, which is in coincidence with the theoritical analysis results. The wave pattern formation in the case of turing instability is also simulated which discover Turing oscillation phenomena from periodicity to irregularity.

一类具非线性交错扩散和恐惧效应的捕食-食饵模型的Turing分支和空间模式

研究了一类具非线性交错扩散和恐惧效应的捕食-食饵模型的Turing分支和空间模式。首先,利用线性化方法和特征值理论,研究了仅具有自扩散的系统中一个正平衡点的稳定性;其次,讨论了具有交错扩散的系统中该正平衡点的稳定性;最后,利用数值模拟呈现具有交错扩散的偏微系统的空间模式。研究结果表明:在一定条件下,自扩散不影响正平衡点的局部渐近稳定性,但非线性交错扩散会使正平衡点不稳定,从而产生Turing分支。

交叉扩散驱动的SI模型空间斑图

目前国内外关于SI模型空间格局的研究大多数局限在自扩散以及系统参数对斑图模式的影响,而关于交叉扩散对空间格局的演化机理研究成果较少.本文建立了一个具有自扩散和交叉扩散的空间流行病模型,研究了在有无自扩散驱动系统不稳定的情况下,交叉扩散对SI模型的稳定性、稳定速度以及斑图结构的影响.研究发现,在无自扩散驱动系统不稳定的情况下,引入交叉扩散能够激发Turing斑图的产生;在自扩散驱动系统不稳定的情况下,交叉扩散可以实现斑图结构的改变;对于SI模型的稳定速度,不论有无自扩散驱动系统不稳定,交叉扩散都影响了其到达稳定所需时间,且在不同的交叉扩散系数下,所需时间也不同.因此,交叉扩散对于SI模型的稳定性、稳定速度、斑图结构都有重要的影响.

时滞控制神经网络的稳定性和Turing斑图结构

本文讨论了一类时滞反应扩散神经网络模型.利用时滞来控制系统的稳定性、分岔和Turing斑图.研究结果表明,在一定条件下,时滞不仅能影响系统的稳定性和周期震荡性,还能影响系统的Turing不稳定性.数值模拟验证了理论分析的正确性,同时还说明了时滞能改变斑图的结构.

通智测试——基于动态具身物理社会交互环境的通用人工智能测试

The release of the generative pre-trained transformer(GPT)series has brought artificial general intelligence(AGI)to the forefront of the artificial intelligence(AI)field once again.However,the questions of how to define and evaluate AGI remain unclear.This perspective article proposes that the evaluation of AGI should be rooted in dynamic embodied physical and social interactions(DEPSI).More specifically,we propose five critical characteristics to be considered as AGI benchmarks and suggest the Tong test as an AGI evaluation system.The Tong test describes a value-and ability-oriented testing system that delineates five levels of AGI milestones through a virtual environment with DEPSI,allowing for infinite task generation.We contrast the Tong test with classical AI testing systems in terms of various aspects and propose a systematic evaluation system to promote standardized,quantitative,and objective benchmarks and evaluation of AGI.

一类带负交叉扩散项二维系统的空间Turing斑图

考虑一类带负交叉扩散项二维系统的Turing斑图生成及其选择问题.先利用稳定性理论和Hopf分支理论得到Turing斑图的存在区域,再利用多重尺度分析法推导系统的振幅方程,并给出Turing斑图的选择结果.最后考虑一个具有比率依赖的Holling-Tanner捕食模型生态系统,利用MATLAB软件对该模型的斑图生成及选择结果进行数值模拟,得到了包括点状、条状以及二者共存等不同类型的Turing斑图.

Selkov模型不同扩散和流速下非Turing不稳定化学反应机制

建立了Selkov模型中间反应物具有不同扩散和不同流速条件下的反应 扩散 流动方程 ,理论分析了非Turing不稳定形成的条件 ,求得其参数区间 ,对Andresen的结论作了拓展 .研究还发现 ,在振荡Hopf区域之外 ,静止波动 (空间周期结构FDS)仍然可以存在 .因而 ,此结构存在的参数空间大于Andresen的结果 .同时 ,还将此种不稳定参数区间与Turing不稳定和差速流动引起不稳定 (DIFI)的结果进行了比较 ,结果发现静态FDS值总是处于DIFI临界曲线相应的最小值之上 ,这表明动力学机制是由DIFI不稳定造成的 。

基于比率依赖的Leslie捕食扩散模型的Turing不稳定性

针对一类带有比率依赖的HollingⅡ型功能反应的Leslie捕食模型的扩散问题进行研究.首先得到无扩散时正平衡点的稳定条件,讨论在正平衡点附近Hopf分支的存在性和稳定性;其次,讨论了扩散存在时对正平衡点稳定性产生的影响;最后给出数值模拟验证.