People power is the fundamental concept of democracy and power of the people is exercised though voting. People decide who should be elected to make decisions for them. However, if people do not properly participate i...People power is the fundamental concept of democracy and power of the people is exercised though voting. People decide who should be elected to make decisions for them. However, if people do not properly participate in the voting process and only two-thirds of all eligible voters participate in an election, the democratic institution loses its credibility and becomes vulnerable. This paper investigates various changes in voting institutions throughout the USAwith a simulation model that analyzes the efficacy of such methods to attain higher voter turnout.展开更多
The paper presents an analytical method of identifying the curvature of the turnout diverging track consisting of sections of varying curvature. Both linear and nonlinear (polynomial) curvatures of the turnout divergi...The paper presents an analytical method of identifying the curvature of the turnout diverging track consisting of sections of varying curvature. Both linear and nonlinear (polynomial) curvatures of the turnout diverging track are identified and evaluated in the paper. The presented method is a universal one;it enables to assume curvature values at the beginning and end point of the geometrical layout of the turnout. The results of dynamics analysis show that widely used in railway practice, clothoid sections with nonzero curvatures at the beginning and end points of the turnout lead to increased dynamic interactions in the track-vehicle system. The turnout with nonlinear curvature reaching zero values at the extreme points of the geometrical layout is indicated in the paper as the most favourable, taking into account dynamic interactions occurring in the track-vehicle system.展开更多
A space coupling vibration model of the system of wheel and lead curve rails of turnouts is presented, in which the vibration of the straight and curved rails are taken into account and the variations of the elastici...A space coupling vibration model of the system of wheel and lead curve rails of turnouts is presented, in which the vibration of the straight and curved rails are taken into account and the variations of the elasticity of roadbed with the length of switch ties are considered. It is used to investigate the dynamic characteristics of different configuration of lead curve, such as circular curve, cubic spiral and high order transition curves. Based on the numerical analysis, some advantageous configurations of lead curve are suggested.展开更多
文摘People power is the fundamental concept of democracy and power of the people is exercised though voting. People decide who should be elected to make decisions for them. However, if people do not properly participate in the voting process and only two-thirds of all eligible voters participate in an election, the democratic institution loses its credibility and becomes vulnerable. This paper investigates various changes in voting institutions throughout the USAwith a simulation model that analyzes the efficacy of such methods to attain higher voter turnout.
文摘The paper presents an analytical method of identifying the curvature of the turnout diverging track consisting of sections of varying curvature. Both linear and nonlinear (polynomial) curvatures of the turnout diverging track are identified and evaluated in the paper. The presented method is a universal one;it enables to assume curvature values at the beginning and end point of the geometrical layout of the turnout. The results of dynamics analysis show that widely used in railway practice, clothoid sections with nonzero curvatures at the beginning and end points of the turnout lead to increased dynamic interactions in the track-vehicle system. The turnout with nonlinear curvature reaching zero values at the extreme points of the geometrical layout is indicated in the paper as the most favourable, taking into account dynamic interactions occurring in the track-vehicle system.
文摘A space coupling vibration model of the system of wheel and lead curve rails of turnouts is presented, in which the vibration of the straight and curved rails are taken into account and the variations of the elasticity of roadbed with the length of switch ties are considered. It is used to investigate the dynamic characteristics of different configuration of lead curve, such as circular curve, cubic spiral and high order transition curves. Based on the numerical analysis, some advantageous configurations of lead curve are suggested.
