Purpose:This study investigated emotion-performance relationships in rugby union.We identified which emotions rugby players experienced and the extent to which these emotions were associated with performance,consideri...Purpose:This study investigated emotion-performance relationships in rugby union.We identified which emotions rugby players experienced and the extent to which these emotions were associated with performance,considering how emotions unfold over the course of a game,and whether the game was played at home or away.Methods:Data were gathered from 22 professional male rugby union players using auto-confrontation interviews to help identify situations within games when players experienced intense emotions.We assessed the intensity of emotions experienced before each discrete performance and therefore could assess the emotion-performance relationship within a competition.Results:Players identified experiencing intense emotions at 189 time-points.Experts in rugby union rated the quality of each performance at these 189 time-points on a visual analog scale.A Linear Mixed Effects model to investigate emotion-performance relationships found additive effects of game location,game time,and emotions on individual performance.Conclusion:Results showed 7 different pre-performance emotions,with high anxiety and anger associating with poor performance.Future research should continue to investigate emotion-performance relationships during performance using video-assisted recall and use a measure of performance that has face validity for players and coaches alike.展开更多
目的在个体和区域两个水平上探讨社会资本对中国中老年人自我健康评价的影响。方法数据来源于中国健康与养老追踪调查(China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study,CHARLS)2011年全国基线数据。运用SPSS 20.0软件,对数据进行一般...目的在个体和区域两个水平上探讨社会资本对中国中老年人自我健康评价的影响。方法数据来源于中国健康与养老追踪调查(China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study,CHARLS)2011年全国基线数据。运用SPSS 20.0软件,对数据进行一般统计性描述和构建两水平线性多层模型,分析社会资本在个体和区域水平上对我国中老年人自我健康评价的影响。结果区域水平社会资本中"区域组织/协会/设施的数量"变量(b=-0.033,P<0.001)和所有个体水平社会资本变量[(出生地(b=0.098,P<0.001);接受帮助(b=-0.099,P<0.001);提供帮助(b=0.133,P<0.001)]与中老年人自我健康评价的关系有统计学意义。结论社会资本的某些变量在区域水平和个体水平上影响我国中老年人自我健康评价。展开更多
文摘Purpose:This study investigated emotion-performance relationships in rugby union.We identified which emotions rugby players experienced and the extent to which these emotions were associated with performance,considering how emotions unfold over the course of a game,and whether the game was played at home or away.Methods:Data were gathered from 22 professional male rugby union players using auto-confrontation interviews to help identify situations within games when players experienced intense emotions.We assessed the intensity of emotions experienced before each discrete performance and therefore could assess the emotion-performance relationship within a competition.Results:Players identified experiencing intense emotions at 189 time-points.Experts in rugby union rated the quality of each performance at these 189 time-points on a visual analog scale.A Linear Mixed Effects model to investigate emotion-performance relationships found additive effects of game location,game time,and emotions on individual performance.Conclusion:Results showed 7 different pre-performance emotions,with high anxiety and anger associating with poor performance.Future research should continue to investigate emotion-performance relationships during performance using video-assisted recall and use a measure of performance that has face validity for players and coaches alike.
文摘目的在个体和区域两个水平上探讨社会资本对中国中老年人自我健康评价的影响。方法数据来源于中国健康与养老追踪调查(China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study,CHARLS)2011年全国基线数据。运用SPSS 20.0软件,对数据进行一般统计性描述和构建两水平线性多层模型,分析社会资本在个体和区域水平上对我国中老年人自我健康评价的影响。结果区域水平社会资本中"区域组织/协会/设施的数量"变量(b=-0.033,P<0.001)和所有个体水平社会资本变量[(出生地(b=0.098,P<0.001);接受帮助(b=-0.099,P<0.001);提供帮助(b=0.133,P<0.001)]与中老年人自我健康评价的关系有统计学意义。结论社会资本的某些变量在区域水平和个体水平上影响我国中老年人自我健康评价。
