Landslide susceptibility mapping using an integrated model of information value method and logistic regression in the Bailongjiang watershed,Gansu Province,China

Bailongjiang watershed in southern Gansu province, China, is one of the most landslide-prone regions in China, characterized by very high frequency of landslide occurrence. In order to predict the landslide occurrence, a comprehensive map of landslide susceptibility is required which may be significantly helpful in reducing loss of property and human life. In this study, an integrated model of information value method and logistic regression is proposed by using their merits at maximum and overcoming their weaknesses, which may enhance precision and accuracy of landslide susceptibility assessment. A detailed and reliable landslide inventory with 1587 landslides was prepared and randomly divided into two groups,(i) training dataset and(ii) testing dataset. Eight distinct landslide conditioning factors including lithology, slope gradient, aspect, elevation, distance to drainages,distance to faults, distance to roads and vegetation coverage were selected for landslide susceptibility mapping. The produced landslide susceptibility maps were validated by the success rate and prediction rate curves. The validation results show that the success rate and the prediction rate of the integrated model are 81.7 % and 84.6 %, respectively, which indicate that the proposed integrated method is reliable to produce an accurate landslide susceptibility map and the results may be used for landslides management and mitigation.

Optimization of a precise integration method for seismic modeling based on graphic processing unit

General purpose graphic processing unit （GPU） calculation technology is gradually widely used in various fields. Its mode of single instruction, multiple threads is capable of seismic numerical simulation which has a huge quantity of data and calculation steps. In this study, we introduce a GPU-based parallel calculation method of a precise integration method （PIM） for seismic forward modeling. Compared with CPU single-core calculation, GPU parallel calculating perfectly keeps the features of PIM, which has small bandwidth, high accuracy and capability of modeling complex substructures, and GPU calculation brings high computational efficiency, which means that high-performing GPU parallel calculation can make seismic forward modeling closer to real seismic records.

Benefit allocation model of distributed photovoltaic power generation vehicle shed and energy storage charging pile based on integrated weighting-Shapley method

In this study,to develop a benefit-allocation model,in-depth analysis of a distributed photovoltaic-powergeneration carport and energy-storage charging-pile project was performed;the model was developed using Shapley integrated-empowerment benefit-distribution method.First,through literature survey and expert interview to identify the risk factors at various stages of the project,a dynamic risk-factor indicator system is developed.Second,to obtain a more meaningful risk-calculation result,the subjective and objective weights are combined,the weights of the risk factors at each stage are determined by the expert scoring method and entropy weight method,and the interest distribution model based on multi-dimensional risk factors is established.Finally,an example is used to verify the rationality of the method for the benefit distribution of the charging-pile project.The results of the example indicate that the limitations of the Shapley method can be reasonably avoided,and the applicability of the model for the benefit distribution of the charging-pile project is verified.

Dynamic stability analysis of porous functionally graded beams under hygro-thermal loading using nonlocal strain gradient integral model

We present a study on the dynamic stability of porous functionally graded(PFG)beams under hygro-thermal loading.The variations of the properties of the beams across the beam thicknesses are described by the power-law model.Unlike most studies on this topic,we consider both the bending deformation of the beams and the hygro-thermal load as size-dependent,simultaneously,by adopting the equivalent differential forms of the well-posed nonlocal strain gradient integral theory(NSGIT)which are strictly equipped with a set of constitutive boundary conditions(CBCs),and through which both the stiffness-hardening and stiffness-softening effects of the structures can be observed with the length-scale parameters changed.All the variables presented in the differential problem formulation are discretized.The numerical solution of the dynamic instability region(DIR)of various bounded beams is then developed via the generalized differential quadrature method(GDQM).After verifying the present formulation and results,we examine the effects of different parameters such as the nonlocal/gradient length-scale parameters,the static force factor,the functionally graded(FG)parameter,and the porosity parameter on the DIR.Furthermore,the influence of considering the size-dependent hygro-thermal load is also presented.

Modeling hydrogen exchange of proteins by a multiscale method

We proposed a practical way for mapping the results of coarse-grained molecular simulations to the observables in hydrogen change experiments.By combining an atomic-interaction based coarse-grained model with an all-atom structure reconstruction algorithm,we reproduced the experimental hydrogen exchange data with reasonable accuracy using molecular dynamics simulations.We also showed that the coarse-grained model can be further improved by imposing experimental restraints from hydrogen exchange data via an iterative optimization strategy.These results suggest that it is feasible to develop an integrative molecular simulation scheme by incorporating the hydrogen exchange data into the coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations and therefore help to overcome the accuracy bottleneck of coarse-grained models.

UML-PNs集成建模方法及其在虚拟企业中的应用

虚拟企业是未来企业的重要组织形态 ,它的主要职能之一是执行分布、并行经营过程。本文致力于虚拟企业的经营过程建模研究 ,以面向对象的虚拟企业经营过程描述为基础 ,提出了集成标准建模语言和Petri网的虚拟企业经营过程建模方法———UML -PNs集成建模方法。该方法提供了支持需求分析、模型描述和设计、模型分析和仿真 ,直至模型实现的一体化框架。最后 ,我们设计了旨在实现UML -PNs集成建模方法的系统平台。

INTEGRATED ANALYSIS APPROACHES TO ROCK MECHANICS PROBLEMS

In order to effectively cope with exponent increase of the complexity faced to the rock mechanics analysis problems and the large incompatibility existing between the information level required to model the rock mass and engineering and our obtainable information level at hand,the integrated approaches with intelligent characters are proposed. Many previous standard methods,such as precedent type analysis,rock classification,analytic method stress-based,basic numerical methods (BEM,FEM,DEM,hybrid),and their extended numerical methods (fully coupled) to be developed,can be selected respectively or integrated accordingly. It is alternative to develop basic/fully integrated system,and internet-based approaches. These novel methods can also be selected or integrated each other or with the standard methods to perform rock mechanics analysis. Some key techniques to develop these alternative methods are discussed. It may focus in future on developing fully integrated systems and internet-based approaches. Developing an environmental,virtual facility/space shall be firstly done for this collaborative research on internet.

Calibration of Soil Electromagnetic Conductivity in Inverted Salinity Profiles with an Integration Method

Various calibration methods have been propounded to determine profiles of apparent bulk soil electrical conductivity (ECa) and soil electrical conductivity of a saturated soil paste extract (ECe) or a 1:5 soil water extract (EC1:5) using an electromagnetic induction instrument (EM38). The modeled coefficients, one of the successful and classical methods hitherto, were chosen to calibrate the EM38 measurements of the inverted salinity profiles of characteristic coastal saline soils at selected sites of Xincao Farm, Jiangsu Province, China. However, this method required three parameters for each depth layer. An integration approach, based on an exponential decay profile model, was proposed and the model was fitted to all the calibration sites. The obtained model can then be used to predict EC1:5 at a certain depth from electromagnetic measurements made using the EM38 device positioned in horizontal and vertical positions at the soil surface. This exponential decay model predicted the EC1:5 well according to the results of a one-way analysis of variance, and the further comparison indicated that the modeled coefficients appeared to be slightly superior to, but not statistically different from, this exponential decay model. Nevertheless, this exponential decay model was more significant and practical because it depended on less empirical parameters and could be used to perform point predictions of EC1:5 continuously with depth.

Analysis for integrated energy system:Benchmarking methods and implementation

The selection of suitable models and solutions is a fundamental requirement for con-ducting energy flow analysis in integrated energy systems(IES).However,this task is challenging due to the vast number of existing models and solutions,making it difficult to comprehensively compare scholars'studies with current work.In this paper,we aim to address this issue by presenting a comprehensive overview of mainstream IES models and clarifying their relationships,thereby providing guidance for scholars in selecting appro-priate models.Additionally,we introduce several widely used solvers for solving algebraic and differential equations,along with their detailed implementations in the energy flow analysis of IES.Furthermore,we conduct extensive testing and demonstration of these models and methods in various cases to establish benchmarking datasets.To facilitate reproducibility,verification and comparisons,we provide open‐source access to these datasets,including system data,analysis settings and implementations of the various solvers in the mainstream models.Scholars can utilise the provided datasets to reproduce the results,verify the findings and perform comparative analyses.Moreover,they have the flexibility to customise these settings according to their specific requirements.

Numerical analysis of submarine landslides using a smoothed particle hydrodynamics depth integral model

Submarine landslides can cause severe damage to marine engineering structures. Their sliding velocity and runout distance are two major parameters for quantifying and analyzing the risk of submarine landslides.Currently, commercial calculation programs such as BING have limitations in simulating underwater soil movements. All of these processes can be consistently simulated through a smoothed particle hydrodynamics（SPH） depth integrated model. The basis of the model is a control equation that was developed to take into account the effects of soil consolidation and erosion. In this work, the frictional rheological mode has been used to perform a simulation study of submarine landslides. Time-history curves of the sliding body＇s velocity, height,and length under various conditions of water depth, slope gradient, contact friction coefficient, and erosion rate are compared; the maximum sliding distance and velocity are calculated; and patterns of variation are discussed.The findings of this study can provide a reference for disaster warnings and pipeline route selection.

Solution model of nonlinear integral adjustment including different kinds of observing data with different precisions

In order to process different kinds of observing data with different precisions, a new solution model of nonlinear dynamic integral least squares adjustment was put forward, which is not dependent on their derivatives. The partial derivative of each component in the target function is not computed while iteratively solving the problem. Especially when the nonlinear target function is more complex and very difficult to solve the problem, the method can greatly reduce the computing load.

Some Equivalence Transform Methods for Simulating Models in Control Systems

In this paper two classes of equivalence transform methods for solving ordinary differential equations are proposed. One class of method is the equivalence integral transform method for special differential algebraic problems. The advantage of this class of method is such that the amount of work calculating one integration with parameters becomes that of two interpolations, when the system of nonlinear equations is solved on the right hand side function. The other class of method is the equivalence substitution method for avoiding calculating derivative on the right hand side function. In order to avoid calculation derivatives, two equivalence substitution methods are proposed here. The application instances of some special effect of the equivalence substitution methods are given.

Ground movements modeling applying adjusted influence function

Mathematical modeling of surface deformations caused by underground mining operation is commonly carried out with use of empirical,numerical or stochastic models.One of the most frequently applied model for prediction of ground deformation in many countries is Knothe model.The model developed by Knothe belongs to the stochastic methods and is based on the influence function.In China a prediction method named Probability Integration Method(PIF)was established by Liu Baochen and Liao Guohua based on the stochastic medium theory.Modified version of that model allows to predict ground movements caused by mining operation in extremely complex technical and geological conditions.That model is commonly applied for coal,metal ore and salt deposits.The article presents several modifications of the mathematical model used in China and Poland.This model is very widespread in the world,therefore the generalizations proposed in the article can be implemented for the purposes of prediction surface deformations for various types of deposits in many countries.The presented generalizations were then tested on specific examples of coal mining,copper ore mining and rock salt deposit.The obtained results indicate high efficiency of methods based on the influence function in complex geological and mining conditions.

Well-posedness of two-phase local/nonlocal integral polar models for consistent axisymmetric bending of circular microplates

Previous studies have shown that Eringen’s differential nonlocal model would lead to the ill-posed mathematical formulation for axisymmetric bending of circular microplates.Based on the nonlocal integral models along the radial and circumferential directions,we propose nonlocal integral polar models in this work.The proposed strainand stress-driven two-phase nonlocal integral polar models are applied to model the axisymmetric bending of circular microplates.The governing differential equations and boundary conditions(BCs)as well as constitutive constraints are deduced.It is found that the purely strain-driven nonlocal integral polar model turns to a traditional nonlocal differential polar model if the constitutive constraints are neglected.Meanwhile,the purely strain-and stress-driven nonlocal integral polar models are ill-posed,because the total number of the differential orders of the governing equations is less than that of the BCs plus constitutive constraints.Several nominal variables are introduced to simplify the mathematical expression,and the general differential quadrature method(GDQM)is applied to obtain the numerical solutions.The results from the current models(CMs)are compared with the data in the literature.It is clearly established that the consistent softening and toughening effects can be obtained for the strain-and stress-driven local/nonlocal integral polar models,respectively.The proposed two-phase local/nonlocal integral polar models(TPNIPMs)may provide an efficient method to design and optimize the plate-like structures for microelectro-mechanical systems.

On the consistency of two-phase local/nonlocal piezoelectric integral model

In this paper,we propose general strain-and stress-driven two-phase local/nonlocal piezoelectric integral models,which can distinguish the difference of nonlocal effects on the elastic and piezoelectric behaviors of nanostructures.The nonlocal piezoelectric model is transformed from integral to an equivalent differential form with four constitutive boundary conditions due to the difficulty in solving intergro-differential equations directly.The nonlocal piezoelectric integral models are used to model the static bending of the Euler-Bernoulli piezoelectric beam on the assumption that the nonlocal elastic and piezoelectric parameters are coincident with each other.The governing differential equations as well as constitutive and standard boundary conditions are deduced.It is found that purely strain-and stress-driven nonlocal piezoelectric integral models are ill-posed,because the total number of differential orders for governing equations is less than that of boundary conditions.Meanwhile,the traditional nonlocal piezoelectric differential model would lead to inconsistent bending response for Euler-Bernoulli piezoelectric beam under different boundary and loading conditions.Several nominal variables are introduced to normalize the governing equations and boundary conditions,and the general differential quadrature method(GDQM)is used to obtain the numerical solutions.The results from current models are validated against results in the literature.It is clearly established that a consistent softening and toughening effects can be obtained for static bending of the Euler-Bernoulli beam based on the general strain-and stress-driven local/nonlocal piezoelectric integral models,respectively.

基于多模式预报的四川盆地强降水订正方法

四川盆地地形地貌复杂,强降水预报难度大,对模式降水预报产品进行订正,是提升强降水预报质量的重要手段。本文选取2018—2019年发生在四川盆地的35次强降水过程,对ECMWF、CMA_MESO和SWC_WARMS三种模式的24 h强降水预报采用常规评分和空间平移两个方法进行检验,并利用最优评分、多模式集成和位移订正三种方法进行订正试验。结果表明:最优评分订正方法可以有效改善各模式降水预报的强度,而多模式集成订正法可以改进降水落区和极值预报,在此基础上计算位移偏差,根据最优的位移偏差值对降水预报进行位移订正,可以进一步改进强降水落区预报效果。然后利用2020—2021年强降水过程进行订正效果验证,结果显示:经订正后的降水极值预报更接近实况,各量级降水预报评分明显优于单一模式,暴雨和大暴雨预报的TS评分提高率较最优单模式分别可达24.3%和42.8%,订正后空报率基本维持,漏报率显著下降,订正效果良好。

基于组合赋权与灰云模型的综合能源系统需求响应效益评价

考虑到当前综合能源系统研究缺乏完善的需求响应量化评估方案,难以在优化运行层面综合评估需求响应效益这一问题,提出了一种基于改进AHP群决策—CRITIC组合赋权与灰云模型的综合能源系统需求响应效益评价方法。首先,从综合能效性、社会经济性和需求侧互动性三个维度构建了需求响应效益评价指标体系。其次,采用一致性和权重拟合性更优的指数标度法构造判断矩阵,降低赋值误差,并通过AHP群决策法确定主观权重,从而削弱主观极值偏差对权重的影响;在由CRITIC法确定客观权重后,基于最小欧氏距离建立组合权重模型,并通过非线性规划求取最优组合权重;针对评价等级信息的模糊性与隶属等级的随机性,采用正态灰云白化权模型确定指标分类等级与场景评分。最后,以北方某综合能源系统为例,根据用户参与需求响应方式设置了4种运行场景,分析了不同需求响应对系统运行的影响与作用,算例结果表明所提指标体系与评价方法科学有效。

综合能源系统下虚拟储能建模方法与应用场景研究综述及展望

为了促进多能耦合互补和实现可再生能源就地消纳,综合能源系统已成为多领域的研究热点。考虑到能源设备及网络的多样性、复杂性以及多种能源时间尺度的差异性,根据能量平衡原理,对系统内具有可调特性的源、网、荷进行储能化建模,并构成虚拟储能系统参与到综合能源系统的优化调度中。为了准确把握虚拟储能的研究重点,首先介绍了虚拟储能的定义、逻辑架构和技术内涵;其次针对综合能源系统源、网、荷端设备或网络,总结和归纳了4种虚拟储能建模方法和特性指标;然后重点分析了虚拟储能在4种典型场景的具体应用;最后展望了虚拟储能未来的发展方向。

射频异构集成微系统多层级协同仿真建模与PDK技术综述

作为后摩尔技术的可选路径之一,基于异构集成工艺实现的集成微系统具有高集成度、低成本、高性能等优点,引起学术界和工业界的广泛关注。异构集成微系统设计是以系统为中心的多层级协同设计,对传统以晶体管为中心的设计方法和设计流程带来新的挑战,同时对设计环境的开发带来新的要求。本文对射频集成微系统设计中所需的基础器件/结构建模方法、多工艺混合工艺设计套件(Process Design Kit,PDK)技术、以及电路-模块-系统多层级协同仿真等技术最新进展进行综述。

城市规划健康影响评估理论框架构建

健康影响评估为预测城市发展、城市规划方案和项目的健康效益提供框架,但在融入我国城市规划中仍面临内容体系不清、技术流程不明、模型体系未建立和工作方法缺失等问题。本文构建了城市规划健康影响评估理论框架,系统性地明确了面向城市规划的健康影响评估内容体系、技术流程、模型体系和工作方法。面向城市规划的健康影响评估可从“健康风险控制影响评估”“健康资源支撑保障评估”和“健康行为促进效益评估”3个方面开展;主要技术流程包括参照对象确定、评估范围界定、评估框架构建、评估方法选取和评估开展5个步骤;模型体系由核心模型、相关模型和外围模型构成;最后,规划编制团队与健康影响评估团队可协作推进健康影响评估“全过程”融入规划。本文可为面向城市规划开展健康影响评估提供基本的理论、方法和机制指导。