Upper urinary tract lithiasis is a condition characterized by the presence of stones which is a stony concretion of crystallized substances in the kidney and/or ureter. Objective: The objective of this work is to stud...Upper urinary tract lithiasis is a condition characterized by the presence of stones which is a stony concretion of crystallized substances in the kidney and/or ureter. Objective: The objective of this work is to study the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic aspects of upper urinary tract stones on the one hand, then to compare the different types of surgical treatments and their results. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective and descriptive study focusing on the surgical management of upper urinary tract stones, between January 2017 and December 2020, at the Urology department of the Hopital General Idrissa Pouye. Results: During the study period, 7.59% of surgical interventions performed were related to the treatment of upper urinary tract stones. Average age was 45.20 ± 16.4 years, the age group [41 - 60] years was more affected with 42.68%. A history of urolithiasis was present in 25.52% of cases. Lower back pain was present in 97.48% of cases. On URO-CT scan, the stone was located more at the level of the ureter (49.57%). The size between 10 to 15 mm was more frequent (30.96%) and the density greater than 1000 HU was more frequent (33.47%). The most used therapeutic procedure was ureteroscopy (52.08%), followed by PCNL (40.83%) and open surgery (7.08%). The success rate (stone free) was 93.68% for the URS, 89.36% for the PCNL. The length of hospital stay for open surgery was 6.76 ± 4.25, for PCNL 2.62 ± 2 days and for URS 1.75 ± 1.62 days. Postoperative complications were present in 23.52% for open surgery, 11.22% for PCNL and 8% for URS. Conclusion: Urolithiasis is constantly growing in our regions. Effective endourological treatment is increasingly replacing open surgery. However, global access to these new techniques in our regions is slow to be effective.展开更多
The principle of PCNL is the extraction through a nephrostomy channel of kidney stones which are defined as the presence of crystalline concretions in the kidneys. Objectives: The objective of this work was to study t...The principle of PCNL is the extraction through a nephrostomy channel of kidney stones which are defined as the presence of crystalline concretions in the kidneys. Objectives: The objective of this work was to study the epidemiological, clinical and paraclinical aspects of patients with renal lithiasis treated by PCNL and on the other hand the different technical aspects of PCNL. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study, conducted in the urology department of HOGIP, covering the period from January 2015 to January 2019. We studied the demographic and clinical aspects of patients presenting renal lithiasis;we also studied the technical aspects and treatment outcomes. Statistical significance was set for α = 0.05. Results: Our series covered 82 PCNLs performed during the study period. The average age was 45.95 years, the age group [40 - 49 years] was more affected. Our study involved 44 men and 38 women, a sex ratio of 1.15. At the clinic, atypical lumbar pain was more frequent in 45.83% of cases. On URO-CT, the calculations were located more at the pyelic level (31.2%) and lower caliceal (27.2%). The size of stones measured between 15 and 20 mm in 30.52%. The stone density was between 500 and 1000 HU in 47.54% of cases. Intraoperatively, the patients were placed in lateral decubitus in 41.46% of cases. Only one access to the kidney was necessary in 87.8% of cases. The lithoclast was used in 65.85% of cases. The overall success rate (stone free) in our series was 96%. The majority of cases, 41.44%, drainage were done by natural means (totally tubeless). The average duration was 92 minutes. The complications encountered in our experience concerned 10 cases, a rate of 12.19%. Conclusion: Urinary lithiasis is more and more frequent in our regions. The development of Endo-urology offers several therapeutic options. Thus, PCNL occupies an important place in the management of kidney stones.展开更多
<strong>Introduction:</strong> Bladder tumours are frequent, have a poor prognosis and are the second most common genitourinary tumour in men. In Mali, recent statistical data on the prevalence of bladder ...<strong>Introduction:</strong> Bladder tumours are frequent, have a poor prognosis and are the second most common genitourinary tumour in men. In Mali, recent statistical data on the prevalence of bladder tumours show a progression with 6.71% in 2006. The euro scanner is used in the diagnostic workup. The work was initiated in order to specify the role of the scanner in the diagnosis of these tumors. <strong>Patients and Methods:</strong> Prospective descriptive study was carried out in the medical imaging department of Mali Hospital from February to November 2018. Were included any patient with a bladder tumour on euro scanner. The patients had benefited from a preliminary preparation and a renal biological assessment in order to eliminate renal insufficiency. Our examinations were performed with a Siemens 16-slice scanner. These were axial slices performed without, with iodine injection from the pulmonary base to the pubic bones. <strong>Results: </strong>We had collected 17 patients out of 541 scans<em> i.e.</em> a frequency of 3.76%. The age range of 21 to 40 years was 58.8% with an average age of 25 years. The antecedents (ATCD) found were urinary bilharzia (47%) and smoking (17%). The clinic was dominated by haematuria. It was associated with a bladder mass (52%) and dysuria (23.52%). The CT scan showed a budding appearance, a size greater than 3 cm (82%), infiltration of peri-vesical fat (47.05%), and adenopathy (94%). Associated lesions were: utero-hydronephrosis (58.82%) and metastases (bone and liver in 11.76% of cases each). <strong>Conclusion: </strong>They are frequent and the history of urinary bilharziasis remains the main risk factor in endemic countries. CT scans are essential in the management of this disease. The diagnosis of certainty remains histology.展开更多
AIM: To evaluate the effect of orally administeredplecanatide or dolcanatide, analogs of uroguanylin, on amelioration of colitis in murine models.METHODS: The cyclic guanosine monophosphate(cG MP) stimulatory potency ...AIM: To evaluate the effect of orally administeredplecanatide or dolcanatide, analogs of uroguanylin, on amelioration of colitis in murine models.METHODS: The cyclic guanosine monophosphate(cG MP) stimulatory potency of plecanatide and dolcanatide was measured using a human colon carcinoma T84 cellbased assay. For animal studies all test agents were formulated in phosphate buffered saline. Sulfasalazine or 5-amino salicylic acid(5-ASA) served as positive controls. Effect of oral treatment with test agents on amelioration of acute colitis induced either by dextran sulfate sodium(DSS) in drinking water or by rectal instillation of trinitrobenzene sulfonic(TNBS) acid, was examined in BALB/c and/or BDF1 mice. Additionally, the effect of orally administered plecanatide on the spontaneous colitis in T-cell receptor alpha knockout(TCRα-/-) mice was also examined. Amelioration of colitis was assessed by monitoring severity of colitis, disease activity index and by histopathology. Frozen colon tissues were used to measure myeloperoxidase activity.RESULTS: Plecanatide and dolcanatide are structurally related analogs of uroguanylin, which is an endogenous ligand of guanylate cyclase-C(GC-C). As expected from the agonists of GC-C, both plecanatide and dolcanatide exhibited potent cG MP-stimulatory activity in T84 cells. Once-daily treatment by oral gavage with either of these analogs(0.05-0.5 mg/kg) ameliorated colitis in both DSS and TNBS-induced models of acute colitis, as assessed by body weight, reduction in colitis severity(P < 0.05) and disease activity index(P < 0.05). Amelioration of colitis by either of the drug candidates was comparable to that achieved by orally administered sulfasalazine or 5-ASA. Plecanatide also effectively ameliorated colitis in TCRα-/- mice, a model of spontaneous colitis. As dolcanatide exhibited higher resistance to proteolysis in simulated gastric and intestinal juices, it was selected for further studies. CONCLUSION: This is the first-ever study reporting the therapeutic utility of GC-C agonists as a new class of orally delivered and mucosally active drug candidates for the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases.展开更多
文摘Upper urinary tract lithiasis is a condition characterized by the presence of stones which is a stony concretion of crystallized substances in the kidney and/or ureter. Objective: The objective of this work is to study the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic aspects of upper urinary tract stones on the one hand, then to compare the different types of surgical treatments and their results. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective and descriptive study focusing on the surgical management of upper urinary tract stones, between January 2017 and December 2020, at the Urology department of the Hopital General Idrissa Pouye. Results: During the study period, 7.59% of surgical interventions performed were related to the treatment of upper urinary tract stones. Average age was 45.20 ± 16.4 years, the age group [41 - 60] years was more affected with 42.68%. A history of urolithiasis was present in 25.52% of cases. Lower back pain was present in 97.48% of cases. On URO-CT scan, the stone was located more at the level of the ureter (49.57%). The size between 10 to 15 mm was more frequent (30.96%) and the density greater than 1000 HU was more frequent (33.47%). The most used therapeutic procedure was ureteroscopy (52.08%), followed by PCNL (40.83%) and open surgery (7.08%). The success rate (stone free) was 93.68% for the URS, 89.36% for the PCNL. The length of hospital stay for open surgery was 6.76 ± 4.25, for PCNL 2.62 ± 2 days and for URS 1.75 ± 1.62 days. Postoperative complications were present in 23.52% for open surgery, 11.22% for PCNL and 8% for URS. Conclusion: Urolithiasis is constantly growing in our regions. Effective endourological treatment is increasingly replacing open surgery. However, global access to these new techniques in our regions is slow to be effective.
文摘The principle of PCNL is the extraction through a nephrostomy channel of kidney stones which are defined as the presence of crystalline concretions in the kidneys. Objectives: The objective of this work was to study the epidemiological, clinical and paraclinical aspects of patients with renal lithiasis treated by PCNL and on the other hand the different technical aspects of PCNL. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study, conducted in the urology department of HOGIP, covering the period from January 2015 to January 2019. We studied the demographic and clinical aspects of patients presenting renal lithiasis;we also studied the technical aspects and treatment outcomes. Statistical significance was set for α = 0.05. Results: Our series covered 82 PCNLs performed during the study period. The average age was 45.95 years, the age group [40 - 49 years] was more affected. Our study involved 44 men and 38 women, a sex ratio of 1.15. At the clinic, atypical lumbar pain was more frequent in 45.83% of cases. On URO-CT, the calculations were located more at the pyelic level (31.2%) and lower caliceal (27.2%). The size of stones measured between 15 and 20 mm in 30.52%. The stone density was between 500 and 1000 HU in 47.54% of cases. Intraoperatively, the patients were placed in lateral decubitus in 41.46% of cases. Only one access to the kidney was necessary in 87.8% of cases. The lithoclast was used in 65.85% of cases. The overall success rate (stone free) in our series was 96%. The majority of cases, 41.44%, drainage were done by natural means (totally tubeless). The average duration was 92 minutes. The complications encountered in our experience concerned 10 cases, a rate of 12.19%. Conclusion: Urinary lithiasis is more and more frequent in our regions. The development of Endo-urology offers several therapeutic options. Thus, PCNL occupies an important place in the management of kidney stones.
文摘<strong>Introduction:</strong> Bladder tumours are frequent, have a poor prognosis and are the second most common genitourinary tumour in men. In Mali, recent statistical data on the prevalence of bladder tumours show a progression with 6.71% in 2006. The euro scanner is used in the diagnostic workup. The work was initiated in order to specify the role of the scanner in the diagnosis of these tumors. <strong>Patients and Methods:</strong> Prospective descriptive study was carried out in the medical imaging department of Mali Hospital from February to November 2018. Were included any patient with a bladder tumour on euro scanner. The patients had benefited from a preliminary preparation and a renal biological assessment in order to eliminate renal insufficiency. Our examinations were performed with a Siemens 16-slice scanner. These were axial slices performed without, with iodine injection from the pulmonary base to the pubic bones. <strong>Results: </strong>We had collected 17 patients out of 541 scans<em> i.e.</em> a frequency of 3.76%. The age range of 21 to 40 years was 58.8% with an average age of 25 years. The antecedents (ATCD) found were urinary bilharzia (47%) and smoking (17%). The clinic was dominated by haematuria. It was associated with a bladder mass (52%) and dysuria (23.52%). The CT scan showed a budding appearance, a size greater than 3 cm (82%), infiltration of peri-vesical fat (47.05%), and adenopathy (94%). Associated lesions were: utero-hydronephrosis (58.82%) and metastases (bone and liver in 11.76% of cases each). <strong>Conclusion: </strong>They are frequent and the history of urinary bilharziasis remains the main risk factor in endemic countries. CT scans are essential in the management of this disease. The diagnosis of certainty remains histology.
文摘AIM: To evaluate the effect of orally administeredplecanatide or dolcanatide, analogs of uroguanylin, on amelioration of colitis in murine models.METHODS: The cyclic guanosine monophosphate(cG MP) stimulatory potency of plecanatide and dolcanatide was measured using a human colon carcinoma T84 cellbased assay. For animal studies all test agents were formulated in phosphate buffered saline. Sulfasalazine or 5-amino salicylic acid(5-ASA) served as positive controls. Effect of oral treatment with test agents on amelioration of acute colitis induced either by dextran sulfate sodium(DSS) in drinking water or by rectal instillation of trinitrobenzene sulfonic(TNBS) acid, was examined in BALB/c and/or BDF1 mice. Additionally, the effect of orally administered plecanatide on the spontaneous colitis in T-cell receptor alpha knockout(TCRα-/-) mice was also examined. Amelioration of colitis was assessed by monitoring severity of colitis, disease activity index and by histopathology. Frozen colon tissues were used to measure myeloperoxidase activity.RESULTS: Plecanatide and dolcanatide are structurally related analogs of uroguanylin, which is an endogenous ligand of guanylate cyclase-C(GC-C). As expected from the agonists of GC-C, both plecanatide and dolcanatide exhibited potent cG MP-stimulatory activity in T84 cells. Once-daily treatment by oral gavage with either of these analogs(0.05-0.5 mg/kg) ameliorated colitis in both DSS and TNBS-induced models of acute colitis, as assessed by body weight, reduction in colitis severity(P < 0.05) and disease activity index(P < 0.05). Amelioration of colitis by either of the drug candidates was comparable to that achieved by orally administered sulfasalazine or 5-ASA. Plecanatide also effectively ameliorated colitis in TCRα-/- mice, a model of spontaneous colitis. As dolcanatide exhibited higher resistance to proteolysis in simulated gastric and intestinal juices, it was selected for further studies. CONCLUSION: This is the first-ever study reporting the therapeutic utility of GC-C agonists as a new class of orally delivered and mucosally active drug candidates for the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases.
