Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) plants were grown under ambient and doubled_CO 2(plus 350 μL/L) concentration in cylindrical open_top chamber to examine their effects on the ultrastructure, supramolecular architect...Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) plants were grown under ambient and doubled_CO 2(plus 350 μL/L) concentration in cylindrical open_top chamber to examine their effects on the ultrastructure, supramolecular architecture, absorption spectrum and low temperature (77 K) fluorescence emission spectrum of the chloroplasts from wheat leaves. The results were briefly summarized as follows: (1) The wheat leaves possessed normally developed chloroplasts with intact grana and stroma thylakoid membranes; The grana intertwined with stroma thylakoid membranes and increased slightly in stacking degree and the width of granum, in spite of more accumulated starch grains within the chloroplasts than those in control; (2) The particle density in the stacked region of the endoplasmic fracture face (EFs) and protoplasmic fracture face (PFs) and in the unstacked region the endoplasmic fracture face (EFu) and the protoplasmic fracture face (PFu) was significantly higher than that of control. Furthermore, in some cases many more particles on EFs faces of thylakoid membranes appeared as a paracrystalline particle array; (3) The variations in the structure of chloroplasts were consistent with the absorption spectra and the low temperature (77 K) fluorescence emission spectra of the chloroplasts developed under the doubled_CO 2 concentration. Results indicate that the capability of light energy absorption of chloroplasts and regulative capability of excitation energy distribution between PSⅡ and PSⅠ were raised by doubled_CO 2 concentration. This is very favorable for final productivity of wheat.展开更多
In pH 4.2-5.0 Britton-Robinson buffer solution medium, fluoroquinolone antibiotics (FLQs), such as ciprofloxacin (CIP), norfloxacin (NOR), ofloxacin (OF), levofloxacin (LEV), lomefloxacin (LOM), and sparfloxacin (SPA)...In pH 4.2-5.0 Britton-Robinson buffer solution medium, fluoroquinolone antibiotics (FLQs), such as ciprofloxacin (CIP), norfloxacin (NOR), ofloxacin (OF), levofloxacin (LEV), lomefloxacin (LOM), and sparfloxacin (SPA), react with Cu (II) to form chelate cations, which further bind with erythrosine to form the ion association complexes. They can result in the changes of the absorption spectra. Simultane- ously, erythrosine fades obviously and the maximum fading wavelength is located at 526 nm. The fad- ing reactions have high sensitivities. Thus, new spectrophotometries of determination for these drugs are developed. The ion-association reactions result in the quenching of fluorescence, which also have high sensitivities. The detection limits for six antibiotics are in the range of 7.1-12.2 μg·L?1. Furthermore, the reactions can result in the enhancement of resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS). The maximum scattering peaks of six ion-association complexes are located at 566 nm, and there are two small RRS peaks at 333 nm and 287 nm. The detection limits for fluoroquinolone antibiotics are in the range of 1.70 -3.10 μg·L?1 for RRS method. Among the above three methods, the RRS method has the highest sen- sitivity. In this work, we investigated the spectral characteristics of the absorption, fluorescence and RRS, the optimum conditions of the reactions, and the properties of the analytical chemistry. In addi- tion, the mechanism of reactions were discussed by density function theory (DFT) and AM1 methods.展开更多
The interaction between gold nanoparticle and safranine T (ST) has been studied with resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) spectra, absorption and fluorescence spectra. In the pH 5 solution, citrate [(H2L)2?] self-assem...The interaction between gold nanoparticle and safranine T (ST) has been studied with resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) spectra, absorption and fluorescence spectra. In the pH 5 solution, citrate [(H2L)2?] self-assembles on the surface of positively-charged gold nanopar-ticle, which results in the [(Au)n(H2L)m]x? complex. In other words, one of carboxylate oxygens in (H2L)2? moves inward and combines with gold nanoparticle. The other carboxylate oxygens moves outward to form a supermolecular complex anion with x negative charges. Then by virtue of electrostatic attraction, hydrophobic force and charge transfer action, the complex anion binds with ST cation to form a new ion-association complex. Here (H2L)2? acts as a bridge. The forma-tion of the complex results in the significant enhancement of RRS intensity, the appearance of new RRS spectrum, the red shift of plasma absorption band of gold nanoparticle as well as the decrease in the absorbance and fluorescence quenching for safranine T. In this work, the inter-action between gold nanoparticle and ST on the RRS, absorption and fluorescence spectra has been investigated. The reason why RRS intensity increases greatly and the reaction mechanism have been inquired. The results show that RRS spectra can not only be used to study nanopar-ticle and reaction product, but also are a sensitive means to characterize and detect nanoparti-cles.展开更多
The transient absorption spectra of triphenylamine (TPA) in various solvents have beeninvestigated by the methods of nanosecond laser photolysis. The lifetimes of TPA were meas-ured. In hexane and ethanol, the transie...The transient absorption spectra of triphenylamine (TPA) in various solvents have beeninvestigated by the methods of nanosecond laser photolysis. The lifetimes of TPA were meas-ured. In hexane and ethanol, the transient absorptions of triplet state and triplet excimer ofTPA were observed. However, the transient absorptions of the TPA cation radical was alsoobserved in acetonitrile besides that of the triplet TPA monomer and excimer. According tothe experimental facts, the transient photophysical mechanism of TPA in various solvents hasbeen proposed.展开更多
本文以Suwannee River NOM(SRNOM)和Upper Mississippi River NOM(UMRNOM)两种溶解性有机物(DOM)为研究对象,利用500 W高压氙灯作为光源模拟太阳光,进行室内光解实验,考察了DOM的浓度对水相中荧蒽光降解的影响.研究结果表明,光降解是荧...本文以Suwannee River NOM(SRNOM)和Upper Mississippi River NOM(UMRNOM)两种溶解性有机物(DOM)为研究对象,利用500 W高压氙灯作为光源模拟太阳光,进行室内光解实验,考察了DOM的浓度对水相中荧蒽光降解的影响.研究结果表明,光降解是荧蒽的主要降解途径,荧蒽的光降解符合一级动力学方程.这两种DOM均促进了荧蒽的光降解,并且这两种DOM对荧蒽光降解的促进作用均随着溶解有机碳(DOC)浓度的升高而降低.在DOM存在的条件下,荧蒽的表观光降解速率常数(K)值与两种DOM的DOC(a_(280)和a_(350))均具有显著负相关性,而与E_(2)/E_(3)和荧光强度无显著性相关性.展开更多
文摘Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) plants were grown under ambient and doubled_CO 2(plus 350 μL/L) concentration in cylindrical open_top chamber to examine their effects on the ultrastructure, supramolecular architecture, absorption spectrum and low temperature (77 K) fluorescence emission spectrum of the chloroplasts from wheat leaves. The results were briefly summarized as follows: (1) The wheat leaves possessed normally developed chloroplasts with intact grana and stroma thylakoid membranes; The grana intertwined with stroma thylakoid membranes and increased slightly in stacking degree and the width of granum, in spite of more accumulated starch grains within the chloroplasts than those in control; (2) The particle density in the stacked region of the endoplasmic fracture face (EFs) and protoplasmic fracture face (PFs) and in the unstacked region the endoplasmic fracture face (EFu) and the protoplasmic fracture face (PFu) was significantly higher than that of control. Furthermore, in some cases many more particles on EFs faces of thylakoid membranes appeared as a paracrystalline particle array; (3) The variations in the structure of chloroplasts were consistent with the absorption spectra and the low temperature (77 K) fluorescence emission spectra of the chloroplasts developed under the doubled_CO 2 concentration. Results indicate that the capability of light energy absorption of chloroplasts and regulative capability of excitation energy distribution between PSⅡ and PSⅠ were raised by doubled_CO 2 concentration. This is very favorable for final productivity of wheat.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 20475045)
文摘In pH 4.2-5.0 Britton-Robinson buffer solution medium, fluoroquinolone antibiotics (FLQs), such as ciprofloxacin (CIP), norfloxacin (NOR), ofloxacin (OF), levofloxacin (LEV), lomefloxacin (LOM), and sparfloxacin (SPA), react with Cu (II) to form chelate cations, which further bind with erythrosine to form the ion association complexes. They can result in the changes of the absorption spectra. Simultane- ously, erythrosine fades obviously and the maximum fading wavelength is located at 526 nm. The fad- ing reactions have high sensitivities. Thus, new spectrophotometries of determination for these drugs are developed. The ion-association reactions result in the quenching of fluorescence, which also have high sensitivities. The detection limits for six antibiotics are in the range of 7.1-12.2 μg·L?1. Furthermore, the reactions can result in the enhancement of resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS). The maximum scattering peaks of six ion-association complexes are located at 566 nm, and there are two small RRS peaks at 333 nm and 287 nm. The detection limits for fluoroquinolone antibiotics are in the range of 1.70 -3.10 μg·L?1 for RRS method. Among the above three methods, the RRS method has the highest sen- sitivity. In this work, we investigated the spectral characteristics of the absorption, fluorescence and RRS, the optimum conditions of the reactions, and the properties of the analytical chemistry. In addi- tion, the mechanism of reactions were discussed by density function theory (DFT) and AM1 methods.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.20175018).
文摘The interaction between gold nanoparticle and safranine T (ST) has been studied with resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) spectra, absorption and fluorescence spectra. In the pH 5 solution, citrate [(H2L)2?] self-assembles on the surface of positively-charged gold nanopar-ticle, which results in the [(Au)n(H2L)m]x? complex. In other words, one of carboxylate oxygens in (H2L)2? moves inward and combines with gold nanoparticle. The other carboxylate oxygens moves outward to form a supermolecular complex anion with x negative charges. Then by virtue of electrostatic attraction, hydrophobic force and charge transfer action, the complex anion binds with ST cation to form a new ion-association complex. Here (H2L)2? acts as a bridge. The forma-tion of the complex results in the significant enhancement of RRS intensity, the appearance of new RRS spectrum, the red shift of plasma absorption band of gold nanoparticle as well as the decrease in the absorbance and fluorescence quenching for safranine T. In this work, the inter-action between gold nanoparticle and ST on the RRS, absorption and fluorescence spectra has been investigated. The reason why RRS intensity increases greatly and the reaction mechanism have been inquired. The results show that RRS spectra can not only be used to study nanopar-ticle and reaction product, but also are a sensitive means to characterize and detect nanoparti-cles.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Applied Organic Chemistry Laboratory, Lanzhou University.
文摘The transient absorption spectra of triphenylamine (TPA) in various solvents have beeninvestigated by the methods of nanosecond laser photolysis. The lifetimes of TPA were meas-ured. In hexane and ethanol, the transient absorptions of triplet state and triplet excimer ofTPA were observed. However, the transient absorptions of the TPA cation radical was alsoobserved in acetonitrile besides that of the triplet TPA monomer and excimer. According tothe experimental facts, the transient photophysical mechanism of TPA in various solvents hasbeen proposed.
文摘本文以Suwannee River NOM(SRNOM)和Upper Mississippi River NOM(UMRNOM)两种溶解性有机物(DOM)为研究对象,利用500 W高压氙灯作为光源模拟太阳光,进行室内光解实验,考察了DOM的浓度对水相中荧蒽光降解的影响.研究结果表明,光降解是荧蒽的主要降解途径,荧蒽的光降解符合一级动力学方程.这两种DOM均促进了荧蒽的光降解,并且这两种DOM对荧蒽光降解的促进作用均随着溶解有机碳(DOC)浓度的升高而降低.在DOM存在的条件下,荧蒽的表观光降解速率常数(K)值与两种DOM的DOC(a_(280)和a_(350))均具有显著负相关性,而与E_(2)/E_(3)和荧光强度无显著性相关性.
