Expert Experience and Data-Driven Based Hybrid Fault Diagnosis for High-SpeedWire Rod Finishing Mills

The reliable operation of high-speed wire rod finishing mills is crucial in the steel production enterprise.As complex system-level equipment,it is difficult for high-speed wire rod finishing mills to realize fault location and real-time monitoring.To solve the above problems,an expert experience and data-driven-based hybrid fault diagnosis method for high-speed wire rod finishing mills is proposed in this paper.First,based on its mechanical structure,time and frequency domain analysis are improved in fault feature extraction.The approach of combining virtual value,peak value with kurtosis value index,is adopted in time domain analysis.Speed adjustment and side frequency analysis are proposed in frequency domain analysis to obtain accurate component characteristic frequency and its corresponding sideband.Then,according to time and frequency domain characteristics,fault location based on expert experience is proposed to get an accurate fault result.Finally,the proposed method is implemented in the equipment intelligent diagnosis system.By taking an equipment fault on site,for example,the effectiveness of the proposed method is illustrated in the system.

Synthesis and Characterization of Nonionic Waterborne Polyurethane and Application to Wool Fabric Finishing

A nonionic waterborne polyurethane(WPU) was synthesized by the self-emulsification method using polyether diol(N220),isophorone diisocyanate(IPDI),trimethylolpropane poly(ethylene glycol monomethyl ether)(N120),1,4-butanediol(BDO) and trimethylolpropane(TMP) as the main materials.The effects of the NCO/OH ratio on the emulsion and film properties of NWPU were explored.The experimental results show that the NWPU prepared at an NCO/OH ratio of 1.1 has good emulsion stability and easy film formation,and the resultant film was elastic,soft,and transparent.The sample was used for wool finishing and the application performance was evaluated.When the NWPU dosage reached 40 g·L^(-1),the fabric area felt shrinkage rate reduced from 8.97% to 4.75%,the pilling rating raised from grade 2-3 to grade 4,and the whiteness value only decreased by 3.87%.

Review of Antifouling Finishing of Textiles:Theme,Evolution and Fabrication Methods

Antifouling textiles have been a hot research field in the last ten years.But lately,the European Union(EU)is expected to ban the production of C6 fluorinated water repellent,oil repellent and antifouling agents from 2025,achieving complete fluoride-free antifouling measures.In the context of the current policy regulations on fluorine-free treatment in the waterproof,oil repellent and antifouling finishing field,this paper conducts a literature survey and comprehensive understanding of the current research status and trend in fluorine-free antifouling finishing.CiteSpace and Carrot2 are used to conduct a literature review of the latest papers in two databases,Web of Science(WoS)and China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI).Firstly,the theoretical evolution and technical characteristics of textiles antifouling finishing technology are systematically discussed,and the technological differences of antifouling finishing textiles for different demands are compared.Secondly,the three main stages of the development of textile antifouling finishing technology and its corresponding finishing methods are summarized.Finally,three paths for the future development of fluorine-free antifouling finishing are prospected:construction of low surface energy,construction of uniform rough surface and low surface energy,and construction of multistage rough surface with low surface energy.To facilitate the transition of the industrial sector to fluorine-free,regulatory restrictions could be strengthened by enhancing the sampling inspection of apparel fabrics,detecting fluorine in wastewater discharges and restricting the production of fluorine-containing finishing agents by manufacturers.

High-Speed and Low-Noise Gear Finishing by Gear Grinding and Honing:A Review

Gears are important mechanical parts for transmitting power and play an increasingly important role in the machinery industry.The electric vehicle industry developed rapidly and became a vital development field of the automotive industry over the past few years.The conversion of energy increases the requirements for electric vehicle transmissions,which promotes the development of high-speed and low-noise transmission gear.This paper elaborates on the research progress of high-speed and low-noise gear finishing methods.Firstly,this review analyses the machining requirements,finishing,and specific machining technologies of high-speed and low-noise gears.The importance of gear grinding and honing in high-speed and low-noise gear machining is highlighted.Secondly,the applications of gear grinding and honing in gear modification,error compensation,and texture control are analyzed.Furthermore,the role of precision machining technology in improving gear performance is clarified.Finally,the design and processing methods of the modified tooth flank for gear modification are summarized.In addition,the influence of tooth surface texture on noise is described,and the texture change methods are explored.The well-known open problems of gear finishing are finally identified,and some new research interests are also pointed out.This review will provide valuable references for further research on gear finishing.

Epiphanic Revival: Exploring Metallic Finishes on Batik Fabrics in Ghana

Batik fabric is an integral part of the traditional cloth culture of the Ghanaian traditional setting. However, the batik fabric has marginal usage due to its casual visual appearance. This studio practice seeks to explore the epiphanic revival in the use of metallic finishes on batik substrate to create an enhanced visual appearance with embellished aesthetic sensibilities and diversified use. The researchers adopted the studio-based approach of the qualitative design to manipulate handmade tools, techniques (collagraph) and the batik fabrics through experimentation to produce a glittering mercurial batik fabric which is typically an industrial practice. The studio practice took place at the Textile Design and Technology studio, Takoradi Technical University, Ghana. The traditional batik fabric was manipulated through fabric decoration techniques in accordance with studio-based practices. The Addie model was adopted as a methodological approach in the analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation processes of the experimentation processes of the study. Findings revealed that the hand techniques used in the production process for the metallic prints produced interesting accidentals finishes and effects that machine work cannot achieve, producing new discoveries of visual enhancements of traditional batik fabric. Traditional batiks became mercurial with glittery effects. The metallic prints on the fabric also changed its consumption pattern from mere casual fabric to classic and cosmopolitan fabric for varied uses suitable for wearable to non-wearable.

Textile industry innovations in dyeing and finishing processes:Minimizing environmental impact

Textiles are one of the oldest industries in the world which has been manufacturing fabrics and materials needed for various purposes.However,the industry has been confronted with some problems regarding its pollution;specifically the dyeing and finishing processes.As for the given issues,there has been a trend in recent years to come up with more environmentally friendly solutions.

Finishing first with Monforts at Techtextil 2024

Monforts–which celebrates its 140th anniversary this year–continues to lead the field in finishing and coating technologies for technical textiles.The company is looking forward to many fruitful discussions on the scope of existing and new processes and applications at the forthcoming Techtextil show in Frankfurt from April 23-26.

Santex Rimar:Taking the Chinese textile printing and dyeing finishing industry to new heights

Since 2005,Santex Rimar Group has had a close relationship with the Chinese textile market.With a keen understanding of the market,Santex Rimar Group invested in a factory in Shanghai and established Santex Rimar Shanghai Textile Machinery Co.,Ltd.In 2020,on the occasion of the 15th anniversary of Santex Rimar Shanghai,the Group has once again stepped up its efforts in the Chinese market by renting a new 10,000 square meter factory to expand its production capacity to meet the growing scale of the company and the strong growth of Chinese market demand,and expand its production capacity in China.

Research on vibration response characteristics and evolution law of finishing rolling in hot strip mills

In this study,a comprehensive rolling mill vibration test program was designed,including specific test conditions and a test system.The analysis of measured signals reveals the vibration response characteristics and their evolution at different gauge points in the finishing mill.This is particularly evident during abnormal rolling,where the signals highlight the characteristics of abnormal responses and vibration intensities.Abnormal vibrations during the rolling process mainly occur when the strip thickness is less than 2.5 mm,and at the rolling speed-up stage,the strong abnormal vibration occurs at each measuring point on the F2 transmission side.The maximum vibration intensity of the backup roll’s bearing seat is 17 mm/s.As the rolling progresses,the stress on the bolts changes.The strip thickness is negatively correlated with the peak values of bite and tail-flick impacts.The vibration characteristics vary with the strip thickness and the process state.

Construction Cost Control Strategy of Finished House Based on BIM-5D

Building Information Modeling(BIM)technology can not only achieve project refinement management of the construction process based on a 3D model but also form a BIM-5D model based on the fusion of progress data and cost data to achieve the dynamic control of the whole process of project cost.This paper discusses the application of BIM-5D in the cost control of finished house construction,aiming to provide technical reference for China’s finished house project units,so that they can master how to realize the construction of cost control system based on BIM,the monitoring of the key coefficients of the cost,corrective action,to ensure that the project cost deviation is within the controllable range,and to make an effective guarantee for the economic benefits of the project construction.

还原氧化石墨烯/壳聚糖自组装棉织物的制备及性能

首先,以乙二醛和壳聚糖(CS)对纯棉织物进行改性制备了CS改性棉织物;然后,将CS改性棉织物经氧化石墨烯(GO)分散液浸渍;最后,将吸附沉积在棉织物上的GO还原为还原氧化石墨烯(RGO),制备了RGO/CS-棉织物。采用SEM、FTIR和Raman光谱对其进行了表征,考察了CS质量分数、GO分散液质量浓度对RGO/CS-棉织物导电、抗紫外线和抑菌性能的影响,并对其耐洗性进行了测试。结果表明,RGO/CS-棉织物表面沉积的GO已较充分还原为RGO,表面覆盖了一层连续的RGO/CS薄膜;RGO/CS-棉织物导电性随着GO分散液质量浓度的增加而逐渐增强;经质量分数2.00%的CS溶液改性和质量浓度5 g/L的GO分散液处理并还原后的RGO/CS-棉织物具有最佳的导电性,表面电阻为1.02 kΩ/cm;RGO与CS协同增强了RGO/CS-棉织物的抑菌性能,抑菌率最高达95%;经质量分数0.50%的CS溶液改性和质量浓度3 g/L的GO分散液处理并还原后的RGO/CS-棉织物经过30~50次皂洗洗涤后,导电、抑菌和抗紫外线性能变化较小。

XP-endo Finisher清除椭圆形根管细菌生物膜的效果研究

目的:比较XP-endo Finisher(XPF)和被动超声冲洗(passive ultrasonic irrigation,PUI),及两者联合应用清除椭圆形根管细菌生物膜的效果。方法:选取54颗成人离体单根管横截面为椭圆形的前磨牙,建立多菌种生物膜感染根管模型。厌氧培养4周后随机选取6颗为对照,扫描电镜(Scanning electron microscopy,SEM)确认多菌种生物膜形成。余牙应用Vortex Blue预备到40/.06后分为4个实验组(n=12),分别采用传统注射器冲洗(conventional needle irrigation,CNI)、PUI、XPF、PUI+XPF结合3%次氯酸钠溶液进行根管处理。采集样本根管尖、中、冠1/3SEM图像,计算残余细菌生物膜面积百分比。结果:细菌清除效率由高到低依次为PUI+XPF、XPF、PUI、CNI,前两者无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论:XPF清除椭圆形根管生物膜的效果优于PUI和CNI,与PUI联合应用有加强效果但无显著差异。

天丝抗原纤化的整理方法比较

针对天丝织物具有易原纤化的特点,研究了不同整理方法对其抗原纤化性能的影响,包括使用高分子聚合物在纤维表面形成保护膜,采用树脂交联剂提高原纤之间横向的连接,以及利用有机硅高分子和水润滑剂改变纤维表面的摩擦行为。结果表明:树脂交联整理和水润滑剂整理具有较好的改善效果;而高分子成膜整理和有机硅整理仅在干态摩擦时具有抗原纤化作用,在湿态摩擦和家庭水洗时效果不明显。

饲粮中添加发酵香菇渣对育肥猪生长性能、肉品质和风味物质的影响

[目的]试验旨在研究在饲粮中添加发酵香菇渣对育肥猪生长性能、肌肉品质和风味物质的影响。[方法]选取100头体重接近(68.00 kg±0.50 kg)且健康状况基本一致的杜×长×大三元杂交育肥猪,随机分为2组,每组10个重复,每个重复5头猪,对照组育肥猪饲喂基础饲粮,试验组育肥猪在基础饲粮中添加3%的发酵香菇渣。预试期3 d,正试期59 d。待2组猪平均体重达到120 kg后,从每个重复里随机挑选1头接近平均体重的猪进行屠宰,共20头。试验结束后称重,统计试验猪生长性能;静脉采集血液检测血清生化指标;试验猪屠宰后进行胴体分割,测定胴体性状,采集背最长肌测定肌纤维类型基因mRNA表达水平、肉品质与风味物质。[结果]与对照组相比,(1)试验组育肥猪的生长性能、胴体性状和血清生化指标没有显著变化(P>0.05),但宰后24 h育肥猪背最长肌红度值a~*显著提高(P<0.05),育肥猪背最长肌中干物质、粗蛋白质和粗脂肪含量均显著提高(P<0.05);(2)试验组育肥猪背最长肌中油酸和总单不饱和脂肪酸比例均显著提高(P<0.05);苦味氨基酸中亮氨酸含量显著下降(P<0.05),鲜味氨基酸中谷氨酸含量和等效鲜味浓度均显著增加(P<0.05);(3)试验组背最长肌滋味和咀嚼性均显著增强(P<0.05),多汁性显著改善(P<0.05);基于顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用法,在两个组中鉴定到共同的挥发性风味物质共12种,其中在试验组育肥猪背最长肌肉中正庚醇、3-甲基丁醇、苯乙醇、苯甲醛、己醛、癸醛、长叶烯和1-辛烯-3-醇的相对含量均显著提高(P<0.05);(4)试验组育肥猪背最长肌中氧化型肌纤维肌球蛋白重链Ⅰ型和Ⅱa型的mRNA相对表达水平显著增加(P<0.05)。[结论]在饲粮中添加3%香菇渣对育肥猪的生长性能和胴体性状没有显著影响,但是能够提高宰后背最长肌肉色,增强呈味氨基酸和呈味核苷酸的协同作用,并能够促进挥发性风味物质的沉积,提高氧化型肌纤维比例,从而改善肌肉品质。

改性丝胶蛋白对棉织物紫外光固化抗皱效果的影响

研究丝胶蛋白用于棉织物功能性整理的效果。以丙烯酰氯通过酰胺化反应对丝胶蛋白改性,制备了一种含有活性丙烯酰基的改性丝胶蛋白(MSAA),并将MSAA与聚氨酯丙烯酸酯(PUA)共同对棉织物进行紫外光固化抗皱整理,测试了整理后棉织物的抗皱性、强伸性、润湿性、白度和防紫外线性能。结果表明:PUA质量浓度70 g/L、引发剂质量分数0.2%、光照时间105 s时,织物的抗皱性提升较佳,折皱回复角由127.5°提高到178.4°;MSAA的加入可以提高PUA对棉织物的抗皱性能,当MSAA质量浓度为5 g/L时,织物折皱回复角提升至182.3°;且随着MSAA用量的增加,织物防紫外线性能得到显著提高,织物断裂强力和白度则略有下降。

基于脂肪酶固定化的棉织物易去油污整理及其应用

为进一步提升脂肪酶的稳定性、重复使用率及其在棉织物表面的去油污性能,以棉织物为载体固定游离脂肪酶。首先,采用高碘酸钠(NaIO 4)预处理棉织物,使棉织物表面的羟基氧化形成醛基,其次通过席夫碱反应在预处理棉织物表面对游离脂肪酶进行固定化,并探究脂肪酶的固定化条件、固定化脂肪酶的酶学性质、应用稳定性及其对棉织物的去油污性能。结果表明:棉织物氧化预处理的适宜条件为NaIO 4浓度0.20 mol/L,氧化时间2 h;脂肪酶固定化的适宜条件为脂肪酶质量浓度15 g/L,反应时间12 h,pH值5.0,反应温度4℃,所得的固定化脂肪酶的最高酶活力为35 U/g棉织物;与游离脂肪酶相比,固定化脂肪酶的最适温度无明显差异,均为50℃,但固定化后,脂肪酶的温度稳定性、pH值稳定性以及储存稳定性均得到了一定程度的提高;固定化脂肪酶具有较好的重复使用性,并使棉织物具有良好的去油污性能。

饲粮添加甜叶菊绿原酸对育肥猪生长性能、肉品质、免疫功能和抗氧化能力的影响

本试验旨在研究在非常规饲粮中添加甜叶菊绿原酸(SCA)对育肥猪生长性能、肉品质、免疫功能和抗氧化能力的影响。选取48头初始体重为(95.50±3.90)kg的健康“杜×长×大”育肥猪,随机分为2个组,每组6个重复,每个重复4头猪(公母各占1/2)。对照组饲喂非常规基础饲粮,SCA组在基础饲粮中添加200 mg/kg SCA。试验期31 d。结果表明:1)饲粮添加SCA有提高育肥猪平均日增重(ADG)(P=0.063)和降低料重比(F/G)(P=0.093)的趋势。2)与对照组相比,SCA组宰前重(P=0.055)和眼肌面积(P=0.089)有提高趋势,背膘厚有降低趋势(P=0.057)。3)与对照组相比,SCA组背最长肌24 h黄度值显著降低(P<0.05),48 h黄度值有降低趋势(P=0.062),大理石纹评分显著提高(P<0.05)。4)与对照组相比,SCA组血清免疫球蛋白M(IgM)含量有提高趋势(P=0.065),血清免疫球蛋白G(IgG)含量显著提高(P<0.05)。5)与对照组相比,SCA组血清丙二醛(MDA)含量极显著降低(P<0.01),血清过氧化氢酶(CAT)、肝脏谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)和背最长肌总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活性显著提高(P<0.05),血清T-SOD(P=0.061)、GSH-Px(P=0.072)以及肝脏T-SOD活性(P=0.087)均有提高趋势。6)对生长性能、胴体性状与血清免疫指标、抗氧化能力进行相关性分析发现,血清IgG含量与ADG呈显著正相关(P<0.05),与F/G呈显著负相关(P<0.05);血清MDA含量与ADG呈极显著负相关(P<0.01),与F/G呈显著正相关(P<0.05),与宰前重和眼肌面积均呈显著负相关(P<0.05);肝脏GSH-Px活性与宰前重呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。对肌肉品质与抗氧化能力进行相关性分析发现,血清MDA含量与肌肉24 h黄度值呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),与24 h黄度值呈显著正相关(P<0.05),与大理石纹评分呈显著负相关(P<0.05);血清T-SOD活性与大理石纹评分呈显著正相关(P<0.05);血清CAT活性与24 h黄度值呈极显著负相关(P<0.01)。综上所述,在非常规饲粮中添加200 mg/kg SCA有改善育肥猪生长性能和免疫功能的趋势,并且能显著增强机体抗氧化能力,提高肌肉大理石纹评分,改善肉色。

辐射制冷降温针织面料的制备及性能研究

具有日间被动辐射冷却的纺织品可以减轻高温天气对人体的伤害。文章以腈纶和蚕丝两种原料为基材,以聚乙烯醇(PVA)、无机纳米粒子二氧化硅(SiO_(2))和三氧化二铝(Al_(2)O_(3))的混合分散液为整理剂对纱线进行处理,利用手摇横机制备了两种罗纹组织的针织面料,再对织物进行盐酸刻蚀造孔处理,得到了具有高效辐射制冷效果的降温针织面料。研究表明,织物表面及纤维间被填料粒子覆盖,经盐酸刻蚀后出现均匀微孔;盐酸刻蚀得到的微孔能够明显提高织物对太阳光的反射率;与原织物相比,盐酸刻蚀后的织物在大气窗口的平均红外发射率约为87.9%,太阳反射率为75.0%,在辐照强度为501 mW/cm^(2)时,与对照织物相比可降低温度约12℃,具有较大的应用潜力。

Hermetia illucens larvae as a potential dietary protein source altered the microbiota and modulated mucosal immune status in the colon of finishing pigs

Background: Insects, such as Hermetia illucens larvae, are rich in chitin and proteins, and represent a suitable feed ingredient replacement for animals. However, little is known about the effect of administering H. illucens larvae on intestinal microbiota, bacterial metabolite profiles, and mucosal immune status in animals. This study aimed to investigate the effects of administering H. illucens larvae on colonic microbiota and bacterial metabolites production in finishing pigs. Seventy-two crossbred(Duroc × Landrace × Large White) female pigs(initial body weight, 76.0 ± 0.52 kg) were randomly allocated to three different dietary treatments: a control diet(Control group) and two diets corresponding to 4%(H1 group) and 8%(H2 group) H. illucens larvae inclusion levels, respectively. Each treatment consisted of eight pens(replicates), with three pigs per pen. After 46 days of feeding, eight pigs per treatment(n =8) were slaughtered, and the colonic digesta and mucosa were collected for microbial composition and microbial fermentation products, and genes expression analyses.Results: The results showed that the H1 diet significantly increased the abundance of Lactobacillus,Pseudobutyrivibrio, Roseburia, and Faecalibacterium compared with those in the control group(P < 0.05), with a decrease in the abundance of Streptococcus. The numbers of Lactobacillus, Roseburia, and Clostridium cluster XIVa were significantly greater in the H1 group than in the control group(P < 0.05). Meanwhile, H2 diet increased the number of Clostridium cluster XIVa compared with the control group(P < 0.05). For colonic metabolites, total short chain fatty acids, butyrate, and isobutyrate concentrations were significantly higher in the H1 group than those in the control group(P < 0.05);the H1 treatment caused a striking decrease in protein fermentation compared with the control group, as the concentrations of total amines, cadaverine, tryptamine, phenol, p-cresol, and skatole were significantly lower(P < 0.05). Additionally, H2 diet also increased butyrate concentration compared with control group(P < 0.05), while decreased the concentrations of phenol, p-cresol, and skatole(P < 0.05). Pigs in the H1 group down-regulated the expression of TLR-4 and pro-inflammatory cytokines(IFN-γ) compared with pigs in the control group(P < 0.05), and up-regulated anti-inflammatory cytokine(IL-10) and intestinal barrier genes(ZO-1, occludin, and mucin-1). H2 diet up-regulated the expression of ZO-1 compared with control group(P < 0.05). Furthermore, the changes in the colonic mucosal gene expression were associated with changes in the bacterial composition and their metabolites.Conclusions: Collectively, dietary inclusion of Hermetia illucens larvae may enhance mucosal immune homeostasis of pigs via altering bacterial composition and their metabolites. These findings provide a new perspective on insect meal as a sustainable protein source rich in nutrient ingredients for swine.

Effect of the Inclusion of Chestnut in the Finishing Diet on Volatile Compounds of Dry-Cured Ham from Celta Pig Breed

The effect of the inclusion of chestnut in pigs ifnishing diet on volatile compounds of dry-cured Celta ham was studied. Twelve hams of each type （from three different pigs ifnishing diets：concentrate （CO）, mixed （MI） and chestnut （CH）） were used. Volatiles were extracted using a purge-and-trap method and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry （GC/MS）. Thirty-nine volatile compounds were identified in dry-cured Celta ham samples. Most abundant volatiles in ham samples were aldehydes, which represented respectively, 53% （CO）, 51% （MI） and 46% （CH） of the total volatile composition. With the exception of 2-butenal, 2-methyl, all aldehydes were affected by feeding system. On the other hand, hydrocarbons n-alkanes were the second major group in the volatile proifle of dry-cured Celta hams and represented 28.9, 35.7 and 32.4%of the total volatile composition for CO, MI and CH groups, respectively. Ham samples from chestnut group showed a higher content of alcohols and this result could be related with the inclusion of chestnut in the ifnishing diet of pigs. Principal component analysis showed a good separation among groups. The discriminant analysis selected eight variables （butanoic acid, hexanal, octanal, nonenal （E）, decenal （E）, tetradecane, decane trimethyl and pyridine 2-methyl） and calculated two discriminating functions to predict if chestnut has been included in the ifnishing diet. Thus, it was possible to discriminate between groups fed with ifnishing diets containing chestnuts in their composition （mixed and chestnut group）.