Different hemodynamic responses by color Doppler ultrasonography studies between sildenafil non-responders and responders

Aim： To determine if there are different penile hemodynamic patterns between sildenafil non-responders and responders by using color Doppler ultrasonography. Methods： A total of 69 erectile dysfunction （ED） patients aged 22-79 years were enrolled into the present study. Thirty-eight （55.1%） men with ED who did not respond to four attempts of treatment with 100 mg sildenafil after re-education were classified as sildenafil non-responders. A com- bination of three vasodilator drugs, 1.25 mg papaverine, 0.4 mg phentolamine and 5 ug prostaglandin E1, was given by intracavernous injection before penile Doppler ultrasonography was carried out. The erectile response to intracavernous injection and vascular parameters including peak systolic velocity （PSV）, resistance index （RI）, end diastolic velocity （EDV） and cavernosa artery diameter （CD） were measured and the results between sildenafil nonresponders and responders were compared. Results： No statistical difference in vascular parameters measured by Doppler ultrasonography studies between non-responders and responders was noted. Sildenafil non-responders had a poorer penile rigidity response to intracavernous injection than responders （P 〈 0.05）. Among patients with adequate PSV （〉 30 cm/s） and abnormal EDV （〉 5 cm/s）, individuals in the non-responder group had fewer positive responses to intracavernous vasodilator injection than in the responder group （35.3% vs. 72.2%, P 〈 0.05）. Advanced age and comorbidity with diabetes mellitus were significantly associated with sildenafil non-response （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion： Sildenafil non-responders were characterized by a poorer penile rigidity response to intracavernous injection and had an associated impaired veno-occlusive mechanism. Advanced age and comorbidity with diabetes mellitus were two common factors associated with non-response.

The value of color Doppler ultrasonography in monitoring normal orthotopic liver transplantation and postoperative complications

OBJECTIVE: To assess the value of color Doppler ultrasonography in monitoring normal orthotopic liver transplantation and postoperative complications. METHODS: Forty-one patients after orthotopic liver transplantation were examined by using color Doppler flow imaging to observe the hepatic blood flow and change of ultrasonography of the hepatic parenchyma and bile duct. The measured indexes included maximum blood flow velocity, time-average blood flow velocity (TAV), resistance index (RI) and diameter of the bile duct. RESULTS: Among 41 patients, 17 (41.5%) suffered from liver transplant rejection. Of the 17 patients, 13 (76.4%) showed decrease of TAV of the portal vein, 15 (88.25%) low-amplitude single-phase serrated wave or negative biphasic wave of the hepatic vein, 9 (52.9%) increased hepatic arterial RI, and 5 (29.4%) slightly dilated bile duct. Sonography showed disappearance of the hepatic artery blood flow around the portal vein in 5 (12.2%) of the 41 patients with hepatic artery thrombosis in the postoperative period. Slight dilatation of the intrahepatic bile duct was found in 3 (7.3%) of the 41 patients in the early postoperational period and it normalized within 2 weeks. Ultrasonography of 20 patients (48.8%) revealed a visible dilatation of the intrahepatic bile duct, which was worsening gradually. The causes of bile duct dilatation included biliary stricture in 2 patients (10%), stone in 15 patients (75%) and others in 3 patients (15%). CONCLUSIONS: Color Doppler ultrasonography is valuable for monitoring normal liver transplantation and postoperative complications.

Graves' Disease Thyroid Color-Flow Doppler Ultrasonography Assessment: Review Article

Graves’ disease, as known today, is an autoimmune, diffuse, chronic disease of thyroid gland, as described by Robert Graves in 1835. It presents genetic predisposition and unknown etiology evidence, which is influenced in its development by several factors, including environment (dietary iodine intake, stress, drugs and infections). The disease is characterized by one or more changes: hyperthyroidism, goiter, ophthalmopathy, skin changes and pretibial myxedema, around 5% less common, and other symptoms 90% to 95%. One of the most relevant clinical practice aspects in Graves’ disease patients management is to distinguish Graves’ disease in initial phase, from other types of destructive thyrotoxicosis, in addition to evaluate therapeutic methods and efficient follow up, as well as predict early recurrence or remission of disease. Scintigraphy with pertechnetate (99 mTc) and TSH levels dosage are considered the choice for this purpose. However, they present some technical difficulties, as they are not widely available and have contraindications. In this scenario, thyroid color-flow doppler ultrasonography (US Doppler) presents a viable alternative, as a widely available, low cost, non-invasive and radiation free method, providing initial diagnosis and patients with Graves’ disease follow up. In adittion, this method is used in differential diagnosis with other causes of thyrotoxicosis in the early stage.

Use of color Doppler ultrasonography in the diagnosis of anomalous connection in pancreatobiliary disease

AIM: To estimate the detectability of anomalous connection in pancreatobiliary disease (ACPBD) cases, measuring gallbladder wall blood flow (GWBF).METHODS: In the retrospective study, we enrolled 42subjects with gallbladder wall thickening. GWBF velocity was determined as an average value of the peak velocity of color signals on the gallbladder wall, three times in each case. Based on the findings on endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) or endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), the 42 subjects were divided into 11 cases with ACPBD and 31 cases without ACPBD. In the prospective study, the subjects were 92 cases with gallbladder wall thickening. Using the cut-off level of the flow velocity obtained in the retrospective study, the usefulness of measuring GWBF velocity in diagnosing ACPBD was evaluated.RESULTS: In the retrospective study, imaging of GWBF was obtained in 40 of the 42 subjects. The mean GWBF velocity of the ACPBD cases was 29.4±3.9 cm/s(mean±SD), which was significantly different (P＜0.0001;95% CI 5.48-13.2) from that of the without ACPBD cases(20.1±5.9 cm/s). Based on this result, we prepared a receiver operating characteristic curve, and the cut-off level appropriate for diagnosing ACPBD was estimated to be 25 cm/s. In the prospective study, GWBF was detected in 86 of the 92 subjects. Based on the EUS or ERCP findings, the 92 subjects were divided into 15 cases with ACPBD and 77 cases without ACPBD. When a cut-off level of 25 cm/s was employed, ACPBD could be diagnosed with a sensitivity of 87.0% (13/15) and a specificity of87.3% (62/71).CONCLUSION: Measurement of GWBF velocity, which is less invasive and provides objective values, is very useful for diagnosing ACPBD prior to the development of malignant tumors in cases with gallbladder wall thickening.

Pitfalls and sources of error of color duplex ultrasonography in detecting deep vein thrombosis of proximal lower extremities

Purpose To analyze the sources of errors and discuss the techniques to eliminate pitfalls in detecting deep vein thrombosis (DVT) of the proximal lower extremities with color duplex ultrasonography (CDUS). Methods Sixty-eight cases with initial and repeat venous CDUS of the proximal lower extremities were retrospectively reviewed. The repeat was done within 24 hours after initial CDUS scanning. Comparing repeated images to initial ones, the pitfalls and sources of error in CDUS of the proximal lower extremities were discussed. Results In total 68 repeat studies, there were 62 results as same as initials and 4 cases of false negative DVT and 2 cases of false positive DVT. Conclusion Venous CDUS in detecting DVT is observer dependent. Some pitfalls and errors can be eliminated and corrected with proper scan techniques. CDUS is the most valuable imaging modality for assessing suspected DVT in the proximal lower extremities.

COLOR DOPPLER ULTRASONOGRAPHY APPEARANCES OF RENAL VEIN THROMBOSIS AND ITS DIAGNOSTIC VALUE

Objective To evaluate color Doppler ultrasonography (CDU) appearances of renal vein thrombosis (RVT) and its diagnostic value.Methods Ten patients with RVT were analyzed retrospectively. Renal structure, distributions of intrarenal flow signals, echogenicity, and flow fullness in main renal veins were observed with CDU. Resistance index (RI) was recorded from the waveforms of segmental or interlobar renal artery.Results Ten kidneys in nine patients were confirmed to have thrombus within the main renal veins, and one patient was confirmed to have thrombus within the small intrarenal veins. The appearances of the main renal vein thrombosis included full of solid echogenicity or strip echogenicity and complete or partial filling defect within the main renal veins, and absent or a few intrarenal venous flow signals in 70% of kidneys involved. The appearances of intrarenal vein thrombosis included obscure renal structure and no venous flow signal within the involved part of the kidneys. Reverse diastolic flow in the intrarenal artery had only a sensitivity of 36% (4/11); in other 7 kidneys without intrarenal arterial reverse diastolic flow, increased RI (mean, 0.84; range, 0.74-0.96) was found.Conclusion CDU is helpful for rapid clinical diagnosis and follow-up of RVT, and therefore can be the first imaging modality of choice for RVT.

Radiation induced renal arterial stenosis detected by color duplex ultrasonography: case report

Renal artery stenosis as a complication from radiation therapy is not common, but it is life threatening and needs to be corrected urgently in order to prevent renal failure even losing kidney. The diagnostic criteria of renal artery stenosis in the adults by color duplex ultrasonography have been established, which may play an important role in screening radiation induced renal artery stenosis.

Prospective Study of Color Doppler Ultrasonography in the Diagnosis of Breast Disease.

One hundred and four cases of breast disease were examined by color Doppler ultrasonography (CDUS). Malignant lesions were rich in blood blow signal and 56% of +++-++++grade while benign lesions had little blood flow signal

Color Doppler sonography and angioscintigraphy in hepatic Hodgkin's lymphoma

AIM:To estimate the characteristics of Color Doppler findings and the results of hepatic radionuclide angiography (HRA) in secondary Hodgkin's hepatic lymphoma.METHODS:The research included patients with a diagnosis of Hodgkin's lymphoma with metastatic focal lesions in the liver and controls.Morphologic characteristics of focal liver lesions and hemodynamic parameters were examined by pulsed and Color Doppler in the portal,hepatic and splenic veins were examined.Hepatic perfusion index (HPI) estimated by HRA was calculated.RESULTS:In the majority of patients,hepatomegaly was observed.Lesions were mostly hypoechoic and mixed,solitary or multiple.Some of the patients presented with dilated splenic veins and hepatofugal blood flow.A pulse wave was registered in the centre and at the margins of lymphoma.The average velocity of the pulse wave was higher at the margins (P>0.05).A continuous venous wave was found only at the margins of lymphoma.There was no linear correlation between lymphoma size and velocity of pulse and continuous wave (r=390,P<0.01).HPI was significantly lower in patients with lymphomas than in controls (P<0.05),pointing out increased arterial perfusion in comparison to portal perfusion.CONCLUSION:Color Doppler ultrasonography is a sensitive method for the detection of neovascularization in Hodgkin's hepatic lymphoma and estimation of its intensity.Hepatic radionuclide angiography can additionally help in the assesment of vascularisation of liver lesions.

High Frequency Color Doppler Image of Choroidal Detachment

Purpose:To study the Color Doppler Image(CDI)characteristics of choroidal detachment and the applied valus of CDI.Methods:Seventy-two cases(74eyes)of choroidal edtachment were studied retrospectively.Results:The typical ultragraph of chororidal detachment displayed one or several smooth hemispherical or lobuler circular thick bands,with convex side toward vitreous cavity,Most of the choroidal detachments were located before the equator,a few of them were beyond the equator.CDI displayed blood flow singnal in the band.Pulse Doppler showed the frequency spectrum features of retinal detachment band were similar to those of central retinal vessels,whereas the frequency spectum features of choroidal detachment bend resembled those of ciliary artery in some cases of retinal detachment(RD)accompanied by choroidal detachment.Conclusion:CDI could make a correct and precise diagnosis of choroidal detachment.Eye Science2000;16:61-64.

Laparoscopic splenectomy： color Doppler flow imaging for preoperative evaluation

Background Laparoscopic splenectomy （LS） is currently the standard approach for resection of a normal-sized spleen. However, this method becomes technical challenge in cases of splenomegaly due to intraoperative hemorrhage. A complete understanding of the splenic vessel anatomy is important to facilitate the difficult laparoscopic procedure. In this retrospective study, we examined the role of color Doppler flow imaging （CDFI） in splenic vessel anatomy and evaluated its value for LS. Methods Forty-eight patients who underwent splenectomy for various hematologic and autoimmune disorders from May 2004 to December 2007 were enrolled in this study. Twenty-three patients underwent preoperative CDFI examination that included examination of the anatomic type of splenic pedicle, the adjacent relationship between the splenic vessel and pancreas, and spleen size （CDFI group）. In the remaining 25 patients, ultrasonic inspections of the splenic vessel were not performed （non-CDFI group）. Laparoscopic splenectomies in the CDFI group were performed in accordance with the information provided by the preoperative CDFI in each patient. In the non-CDFI group, LS was performed according to the conventional method. In the CDFI group, the constituent ratios of the above-mentioned parameters by CDFI were compared with those recorded during LS using the chi square test. The effectiveness of the technique on surgery in both groups was compared with an independent sample Student＇s ttest. Results All laparoscopic splenectomies in both groups were performed successfully. However, 2 cases in the non-CDFI group were converted to LS with the assistance of micro-incision because the branches of the splenic vein were inadvertently torn. Two anatomic types of splenic pedicle and four different adjacent relationships between the splenic vessel and pancreas were detected by CDFI. About 80% of spleens fit the criteria of megalosplenia. There were no statistically significant differences between the constituent ratios of the parameters by CDFI and those by intraoperative telerecording in the CDFI group （χ^2=0.383, 1.072, 0.119, P=0.536, 0.784, 0.730）. However, statistically significant differences were observed in the operative time （（158.70±42.51） minutes vs （200.65±47.89） minutes, P=0.003）, intraoperative blood loss （（55.87±17.36） ml vs （101.83±62.21） ml, P=0.001）, and recovery time of gastrointestinal function （（24.39±8.88） hours vs （30.60±9.45） hours, P=0.024） between the groups. Conclusions The individual operative route and schedule can be successfully determined on the basis of various kinds of reproducible anatomic frameworks of the spleen provided by preoperative CDFI. This technique facilitates the surgical procedure, shortens the operative time, reduces intraoperative blood loss and decreases the risk of LS in splenomegaly cases.

TVS三步法系统超声评估深部子宫内膜异位症的价值初探

目的:应用经阴道超声(TVS)三步法系统超声评估深部子宫内膜异位症(DIE)的诊断价值。方法:57例疑似DIE患者在我院接受手术。所有患者在手术前接受TVS三步法系统超声评估,术前详细询问病史、准确记录病灶的部位、大小及特征性超声表现,将结果与手术和(或)组织学进行对照。结果:根据病变发生部位、大小的不同,TVS三步法系统超声评估DIE的敏感度为55.3%~99.7%,特异度为84.7%~96.6%。结论:TVS三步法在检测DIE的位置、范围及深度方面具有价值,有助于在术前对DIE患者进行全面评估。

超声造影评估无症状性ICA重度狭窄患者CAS术后脑灌注改变的研究

目的:应用超声造影评估无症状性颈内动脉(ICA)重度狭窄患者行颈动脉支架置入术(CAS)后的脑灌注改变的价值。方法:选取2020年7月-2022年12月我院行CAS术的单侧ICA重度狭窄患者18例,男14例,女4例,平均年龄(62.6±7.3)岁。患者无临床症状或仅表现为轻度头痛、头晕。分别于CAS术前、术后12h内行双侧经颅超声造影检查,选取基底节区作为感兴趣区(ROI)进行时间-强度曲线分析,测量参数为达峰时间(TTP),平均通过时间(MTT),上升斜率(WIS),峰值强度(PI),曲线下面积(AUC),计算患侧与健侧参数的相对值rTTP,rMTT,rWIS,rPI,rAUC,及CAS术后改变量△rTTP,△rMTT,△rWIS,ArPI,ArAUC。比较CAS术前、术后参数绝对值与相对值,并对CAS术前相对值与术后改变量的相关性进行分析。结果:CAS术前,患侧TTP(22.17±3.34)s,MTT(33.73±5.88)s均较健侧延长,WIS(1.75±0.68)dB/s低于健侧(P<0.05),而PI,AUC双侧比较无统计学差异;CAS术后,患侧参数绝对值仅WIS(2.14±0.69)dB/s较术前增高(P<0.05);相对值rTTP(1.02±0.08),rMTT(0.96±0.10)低于术前,rWIS(1.02±0.17)较术前增高(P<0.05);CAS术前相对值rTTP,rMTT,rWIS分别与术后改变量△rTTP,ArMTT,ArWIS存在负相关关系(r值分别为-0.592,-0.754及-0.730)。结论:超声造影可评估无症状性ICA重度狭窄患者CAS术后脑灌注的改变,术后双侧灌注差异性降低,且患侧术前脑灌注受损程度越重,术后改善越明显。

脂肪肉瘤的超声图像特征分析

目的 分析并总结脂肪肉瘤的超声图像特征。方法 回顾性分析我院经手术病理证实的31例脂肪肉瘤患者的超声资料,分析不同病理亚型的脂肪肉瘤超声图像特征。结果 31例患者中,去分化脂肪肉瘤13例,高分化脂肪肉瘤10例,多形性脂肪肉瘤4例,黏液样脂肪肉瘤4例;肿瘤最大径为(16.97±9.70)cm,以等或高回声(61.3%,19/31)为主,且回声分布多不均匀(90.3%,28/31),CDFI多表现为乏血供,Adler血流分级以0、Ⅰ级为主(96.8%,30/31)。其中,高分化脂肪肉瘤以高回声为主(70.0%,7/10);去分化脂肪肉瘤边界多不清晰(92.3%,12/13),以低回声(46.2%,6/13)和高回声(30.8%,4/13)的双相模式为主;多形性脂肪肉瘤边界多清晰(3/4);黏液样脂肪肉瘤CDFI均表现为极度乏血供(4/4)。结论 脂肪肉瘤的超声表现具有一定的特征性,对临床辅助诊断该病能够提供一定的帮助。

超声对女性生殖系统恶性苗勒管混合瘤的诊断价值

目的:探讨女性生殖系统恶性苗勒管混合瘤(MMMT)的超声特征,以期提高对该疾病的诊断水平。方法:回顾性分析2018年1月—2023年7月经我院病理证实的生殖系统MMMT 37例,分析其临床特征并总结其超声征象。37例患者平均年龄56岁,其中32例发生于子宫,4例发生于宫颈,1例发生于卵巢;35例主诉为阴道出血或流液,2例为盆腔包块。结果:术前32例进行了血清CA125检查,8例高于正常,余24例正常。CA125水平与肿块大小及临床分期无相关性。女性生殖系统MMMT彩色多普勒超声具有特征性表现:单发,回声疏松;体积大,平均长径52 mm,其中16例长径大于80 mm。由内部向浆膜层生长,无明显包膜,但可见与正常组织有分界。疏松的不均质中低回声相间分布,呈“小梁样”。肿块较大时内部可见“裂隙样”无回声区,中央区可见中低回声与高回声杂乱分布,呈“蜂窝状”改变;周边血流信号均丰富,肿块较大者中央区血流信号不丰富。结论:女性生殖系统MMMT多发生于子宫,症状多为绝经后阴道流血、流液;彩色多普勒超声具有较为特征性的表现,加强对其特征的认识有助于尽早诊断。

高频多普勒超声诊断肘管综合征和腕管综合征的临床价值

目的 :探讨高频多普勒超声(High-frequency Doppler ultrasound,HFU)在肘管综合征(Cubital tunnel syndrome,CuTS)和腕管综合征(Carpal tunnel syndrome,CTS)诊断和病因检测中的临床价值。方法 :选择2021年1-12月在我院就诊的CTS(n=46例)、CuTS(n=41例)患者作为研究对象,所有患者均行HFU检查,观察健侧和患侧HFU检查结果 、HFU诊断CuTS和CTS的临床价值、HFU预测CuTS和CTS病因与手术结果的一致性。结果:41例CuTS患者患侧尺神经卡处直径和横截面面积(CSA)均低于健侧相应位置,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);患侧尺神经肿胀处直径、CSA、面积肿胀率、厚度肿胀率均高于健侧相应位置,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。CTS患者患侧正中神经腕管入口处前后径、左右径和CSA均高于健侧相应位置,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。尺神经肿胀处CSA预测CuTS的曲线下面积(AUC)最高。正中神经腕管入口处CSA预测CTS的AUC高于前后径和左右径。HFU检测CuTS病因中滑膜瘤、骨赘结缔组织增生、肿大淋巴结、关节腔滑膜炎结果与手术结果完全一致(P=0.000),肘管中囊肿、关节腔积液与手术结果高度相关(P<0.001)。HFU检测CTS病因与手术结果完全一致(P=0.000)。结论:HFU在CuTS和CTS诊断和病因检测中均具有重要价值,值得临床推广应用。

彩色多普勒超声联合甲状腺功能检测在桥本甲状腺炎诊断中的应用

目的探讨彩色多普勒超声联合甲状腺功能检测在桥本甲状腺炎(HT)诊断中的应用价值。方法回顾性分析2021年1月至2022年1月于贵州航天医院就诊的126例疑似HT患者的临床资料,患者均进行彩色多普勒超声检查、甲状腺功能指标[甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体(TPOAb)、抗甲状腺球蛋白抗体(TgAb)]检测,以临床或病理诊断为金标准,比较彩色多普勒超声、甲状腺功能指标及联合检查HT的诊断效能,采用Kappa检验评估各检查方法与金标准的一致性,评估其诊断效能。结果126例疑似HT的患者经临床或病理检查,最终确诊110例。110例HT患者的TPOAb水平为(303.46±74.43)IU/ml,TgAb水平为(39.06±10.12)%。彩色多普勒超声检查诊断HT的灵敏度为88.18%、特异度为87.50%、准确度为88.10%,与金标准一致性Kappa值为0.585;TPOAb检查诊断HT的灵敏度为74.55%、特异度为81.25%、准确度为75.40%,与金标准一致性Kappa值为0.335;TgAb检查诊断HT的灵敏度为75.45%、特异度为87.50%、准确度为76.98%,与金标准一致性Kappa值为0.378;联合诊断HT的灵敏度为98.18%、特异度为87.50%、准确度为96.83%,与金标准一致性Kappa值为0.857,以上各种方法诊断HT的效能:联合检查诊断灵敏度、准确度及阴性预测值高于其他3种诊断方式(P<0.05)。结论与单一彩色多普勒超声或甲状腺功能检查比较,彩色多普勒超声联合甲状腺功能检测诊断效能更高,有助于临床医师鉴别诊断,改善患者预后。

胎儿胸腔内异常强回声的声像图特征在产前诊断隔离肺与先天性肺囊性腺瘤样病变中的价值

目的 探讨胎儿胸腔内异常强回声的声像图特征在产前诊断隔离肺与先天性肺囊性腺瘤样病变(CCAM)中的价值,为鉴别诊断和评估预后提供依据。方法 对2017年1月至2019年11月安徽医科大学第一附属医院产前超声检查中发现的31例胎儿胸腔内异常强回声的声像图特征及随访结果进行回顾性分析。结果 31例胎儿胸腔内异常强回声中,其中18例Ⅲ型CCAM产前超声显示胸腔内高回声边界清晰,内部回声尚均匀,未见明显的囊泡样回声且显示为肺动脉供血;12例隔离肺产前超声显示胸腔内高回声界限清晰,呈叶状或三角形,大小不一,内部回声尚均匀,未见明显的囊泡样回声,多位于左侧胸腔中下部为主动脉供血;1例隔离肺合并CCAM表现为胸腔内见稍强回声囊实性包块,形态规则,边界清晰,稍强回声内可见多个小囊性回声,透声良好,伴纵隔移位,可追踪源自胸主动脉的滋养血管。8例CCAM及6例隔离肺晚孕随访肿块缩小甚至消失,3例终止妊娠。剩余28例胎儿产后均无明显呼吸窘迫,生存率达100%。结论 产前超声依据胸腔内异常高回声的边界、形态、内部回声有无囊泡样结构以及异常高回声血供来源在鉴别诊断胎儿隔离肺与CCAM有重要意义、并可用于持续观察随访,对临床处理及判断预后有重要的指导意义。

超声多模态评估复发性流产患者的子宫内膜容受性与妊娠结局相关性研究

目的:探讨多模态超声评估复发性流产(RSA)患者子宫内膜容受性(ER)与妊娠结局相关性分析。方法:采用前瞻性双盲队列研究,选取在潍坊市人民医院于黄体中期(排卵后7~9天)行经阴道超声ER评估的2 458例,筛选后随机选取98例RSA患者作为研究组,随机选取96例正常人(无自然流产史且具有正常生育史)为正常对照组,分别记录两组子宫内膜形态学参数(内膜厚度、内膜容积、内膜类型、内膜蠕动频率)以及子宫血流动力学参数(内膜及内膜下血流类型、血管血流指数(VFI)、血管化指数(VI)、血流指数(FI)、子宫动脉收缩峰值血流速度与舒张末期血流速度比值(S/D)、子宫动脉搏动指数(PI)、阻力指数(RI))。追踪RSA组和对照组的妊娠结局,分为RSA妊娠成功组(46例)、RSA未妊娠组(52例)、正常妊娠成功组(80例)和正常未妊娠组(16例),使用统计学方法对不同妊娠结局患者的ER超声参数进行差异分析,以受试者工作特征曲线(ROC曲线)分析各参数以及各参数并联诊断对妊娠结局的预测价值。结果:RSA组子宫内膜厚度、内膜容积、VI、FI、VFI均小于对照组,子宫动脉RI、PI、S/D高于对照组。追踪妊娠结局:RSA妊娠成功患者的VI、FI、VFI显著高于RSA未妊娠组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ型内膜血流的妊娠成功率分别为63.8%、77.6%、92.5%,A、B、C型内膜的妊娠成功率分别为89.8%、66.6%、65.5%,差异有统计学差异(P<0.05)。通过ROC曲线分析,各超声参数的最佳截断值、AUC、特异性、灵敏性分别为:子宫内膜厚度(6.2 mm、0.664、0.365、0.894)、子宫内膜容积(2.13 cm3、0.776、0.500、0.831)、子宫动脉RI(0.84、0.639、0.472、0.788)、PI(2.27、0.591、0.493、0.692)、S/D (6.295、0.622、0.788、0.507)、VI (6.09、0.846、0.923、0.655)、FI (12.61、0.736、0.769、0.704),VFI(0.775、0.841、0.904、0.676)。各参数并联诊断预测妊娠结局的AUC为0.867,敏感性为82.4%,特异性为84.6%。结论:RSA患者于黄体中期行超声检查发现子宫内膜形态学及血流动力学较正常人有明显差异,ER可以通过超声技术来预测RSA患者的妊娠结局,将各超声参数并联诊断ER的价值较单一参数更大。

超微血管成像用于肌肉骨骼疾病研究进展

超微血管成像(SMI)为新型多普勒技术,能敏感地显示肌肉、肌腱、滑膜及神经等组织结构中的低速微小血流,反映组织微循环变化,为临床诊断骨骼肌肉系统疾病、评估进展及疗效等提供影像学依据。本文对SMI用于肌肉骨骼疾病研究进展进行综述。