Two strains H2-410 and H2-419 were obtained from the chemically mutated survivors of wild Haematococcus pluvialis 2 by using ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS). Strains H2-410 and H2-419 showed a fast cell growth with 13% ...Two strains H2-410 and H2-419 were obtained from the chemically mutated survivors of wild Haematococcus pluvialis 2 by using ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS). Strains H2-410 and H2-419 showed a fast cell growth with 13% and 20% increase in biomass compared to wild type, respectively. Then H2-419-4, a fast cell growth and high astaxanthin accumulation strain, was obtained by exposing the strain H2-419 to ultraviolet radiation (UV) further. The total biomass, the astaxanthin content per cell, astaxanthin production of H2-419-4 showed 68%, 28%, and 120% increase compared to wild H. pluvialis 2, respectively. HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) data showed also an obvious proportional variation of different carotenoid compositions in the extracts of H2-419-4 and the wild type, although no peak of carotenoids appeared or disappeared. Therefore, the main compositions in strain H2-419-4, like its wild one, were free of astaxanthin, monoester, and diester of astaxanthin. The asexual reproduction in survivors after exposed to UV was not synchronous, and different from the normal synchronous asexual reproduction as the mother cells were motile instead of non-motile. Interestingly, some survivors from UV irradiation produced many mini-spores (or gamete?), the spores moved away from the mother cell gradually 4 or 5 days later. This is quite similar to sexual reproduction described by Elliot in 1934. However, whether this was sexual reproduction remains questionable, as no mating process has been observed.展开更多
Using the visual inspection and base difference method and data from the X-ray Telescope （XRT） onboard Hinode and TRACE with improved spatial and temporal resolution, we selected 48 X-ray transient brightenings （X...Using the visual inspection and base difference method and data from the X-ray Telescope （XRT） onboard Hinode and TRACE with improved spatial and temporal resolution, we selected 48 X-ray transient brightenings （XTBs） and 237 EUV transient brightenings （ETBs） to study the connection between these two types of transient brightenings （TBs）. These ETBs and XTBs have smaller areas （8.42 Mm^2 and 36.3 Mm^2, respectively, on average） and shorter durations （9.0 min and 6.9 min, respectively, on average） than previous studies. These XTBs show three types of morphological structure： point-like, single-loop and multiple-loop. We find only 20% of the ETBs have corresponding XTBs while the other 80% have no X-ray signatures at all. This is presumably due to the small amount of released energy, which is not enough to heat the plasma to coronal temperatures which produce X-ray emission rather than being due to the limitation of spatial resolution and temperature sensitivity of the X-ray instrument. These small ETBs may significantly contribute to the coronal heating.展开更多
Guinea pig model of cataract was obtained by ultraviolet ray irradiation on both eyes of 47 guinea pigs for 6-8 months. Seven eye-lenses irradiated by ultraviolet ray selected randomly for optical micro-scopic and ele...Guinea pig model of cataract was obtained by ultraviolet ray irradiation on both eyes of 47 guinea pigs for 6-8 months. Seven eye-lenses irradiated by ultraviolet ray selected randomly for optical micro-scopic and electron microscopic examinations revealed typical pathological findings such as obvious swelling and widening of gaps of the lens fibres.展开更多
The solar-blind ultraviolet(UV)wavelength is particularly interesting within the range of 200 nm–300 nm.Here,we propose a focusing metalens,focusing vortex beam(VB)metalens and metalens array that specifically work i...The solar-blind ultraviolet(UV)wavelength is particularly interesting within the range of 200 nm–300 nm.Here,we propose a focusing metalens,focusing vortex beam(VB)metalens and metalens array that specifically work in the UV band to focus a beam or VB.Firstly,a high numerical aperture(NA)focusing metalens working at a wavelength of 214.2 nm was designed,and the NA reached 0.83.The corresponding conversion efficiency of the unit structure reached as high as 94%,and the full width at half maximum was only 117.2 nm.Metalenses with large NA can act as optical tweezers and can be applied to trap ultracold atoms and molecules.Secondly,a focused VB metalens in the wavelength range of200 nm–300 nm was also designed,which can convert polarized light into a VB and focus the VB simultaneously.Finally,a metalens array was developed to focus VBs with different topological charges on the same focal plane.This series of UV metalenses could be widely used in UV microscopy,photolithography,photonics communication,etc.展开更多
Objective： To find out whether ultraviolet ray, a kind of non-ionic ray, could cause the bystander effect, the UV exposed MOLT-4 cells had been investigated. Methods： Two experiment groups were carried out, in which...Objective： To find out whether ultraviolet ray, a kind of non-ionic ray, could cause the bystander effect, the UV exposed MOLT-4 cells had been investigated. Methods： Two experiment groups were carried out, in which cells were culture and treated at two concentrations： 2 × 10^5/mL and 5 × 10^5/mL. All other treatments were the same. Part of the cells was labeled with DID and exposed to UV ray for 40 s as effect cells; other cells was untreated as bystander cells. Then, the cells were co-cultured and harvested at 4 h interval over a period of 24 h. Annexin V-FITC/PI assay was used to evaluate the bystander effect in bystander cells co-cultured with effected cells. Laser confocal microscope method was used to observe the morphologic changes of the bystander cells. Results： The percentage of cells undergoing apoptosis in the bystander cells was increased over time compared with the control group. They were 6.84%, 8.09%, 9.88%, 17.64%, 17.43%, 30.99% and 37.93% respectively in 0 h, 4 h, 8 h, 12 h, 16 h, 20 h and 24 h. When observed by laser scanning confocal microscope, the bystander cells show some classic character of apoptosis such as chromosome condense, phosphatidylsedne transfer and formation of apoptotic bodies. Conclusion： Bystander effect is significant in un-irradiated bystander MOLT-4 cells when co-cultured with UV exposed cells.展开更多
Objective: To study the protective effect of Peroxiredoxin 6 (PRDX6) treatment on the rat model with corneal injury caused by ultraviolet ray. Methods: SD male rats were selected as experimental animals and randomly d...Objective: To study the protective effect of Peroxiredoxin 6 (PRDX6) treatment on the rat model with corneal injury caused by ultraviolet ray. Methods: SD male rats were selected as experimental animals and randomly divided into control group, model group and PRDX6 group, corneal injury models were established by UV irradiation, and they received PRDX6 intervention. The contents of oxidative stress molecules, apoptosis molecules and MMPs/TIMPs in corneal tissues were detected on the 12 d after intervention. Results: MDA, AOPP, Fas, FasL, Bax, Caspase-3, MMP2 and MMP9 contents in corneal tissue of model group were significantly higher than those of control group while T-AOC, SOD, GSH-Px, Bcl-2, Survivin, XIAP, TIMP1 and TIMP2 contents were significantly lower than those of control group;MDA, AOPP, Fas, FasL, Bax, Caspase-3, MMP2 and MMP9 contents in corneal tissue of PRDX6 group were significantly lower than those of model group while T-AOC, SOD, GSH-Px, Bcl-2, Survivin, XIAP, TIMP1 and TIMP2 contents were significantly higher than those of model group. Conclusion: PRDX6 has inhibitory effect on the oxidative stress and apoptosis in corneal injury process caused by ultraviolet ray.展开更多
Ultraviolet （UV） aging is one of the main factors which cause premature damage of asphalt pavements in the Tibetan Plateau, China. According to the measured levels of UV radiation, aging tests of styrene-butadiene r...Ultraviolet （UV） aging is one of the main factors which cause premature damage of asphalt pavements in the Tibetan Plateau, China. According to the measured levels of UV radiation, aging tests of styrene-butadiene rubber （SBR） asphalts with different contents of three anti-UV-aging agents including nano-TiO2, CeO2 and carbon black are performed. Common indices, which include retained penetration after thin film oven tests （TFOT） and softening point, and strategic highway research program （SHRP） indices of aged asphalts are evaluated. Infrared absorption spectral analysis is performed on asphalt specimens with 0. 8% carbon black which have been aged for different aging times （500, 1000 and 1 500 h）. By grey incidence analysis, the optimal contents of anti-UV-aging agents are determined. The results show that TiO2 and CeO2 are not only good UV absorbing or shielding agents, but also strong oxidants. Carbon black is a good anti-UV-aging agent, and its optimal content is about 0. 8% of asphalt weight. UV aging of asphalt mainly occurs in the early stages of aging. The longer the aging time, the more severe the aging of asphalt.展开更多
以红心萝卜为实验材料,研究了不同剂量的短波紫外线(ultraviolet-C,UV-C)处理对鲜切红心萝卜的抗氧化系统和抗氧化活性的影响。鲜切红心萝卜用0、0.25、0.5、1.0、2.0 k J/m2剂量的UV-C处理后于5℃贮藏48 h。结果表明,1.0 k J/m2 UV-C...以红心萝卜为实验材料,研究了不同剂量的短波紫外线(ultraviolet-C,UV-C)处理对鲜切红心萝卜的抗氧化系统和抗氧化活性的影响。鲜切红心萝卜用0、0.25、0.5、1.0、2.0 k J/m2剂量的UV-C处理后于5℃贮藏48 h。结果表明,1.0 k J/m2 UV-C处理能最有效地诱导鲜切红心萝卜中酚类物质的合成,进而导致其含量增加,并提高了红心萝卜中的1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼自由基清除能力。UV-C处理能促进鲜切红心萝卜中花青素和黄酮类物质含量的增加、延缓抗坏血酸含量的下降、并提高抗氧化酶活性。这些结果表明,UV-C处理可以诱导酚类物质合成,提高抗氧化酶活性,从而显著提升鲜切红心萝卜的抗氧化活性。展开更多
基金the Innovation Program of the Institute of Oceanology,CAS (No.L86032523)the Project of Ministry of Sciences and Technology of China (No.02EFN216601213)
文摘Two strains H2-410 and H2-419 were obtained from the chemically mutated survivors of wild Haematococcus pluvialis 2 by using ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS). Strains H2-410 and H2-419 showed a fast cell growth with 13% and 20% increase in biomass compared to wild type, respectively. Then H2-419-4, a fast cell growth and high astaxanthin accumulation strain, was obtained by exposing the strain H2-419 to ultraviolet radiation (UV) further. The total biomass, the astaxanthin content per cell, astaxanthin production of H2-419-4 showed 68%, 28%, and 120% increase compared to wild H. pluvialis 2, respectively. HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) data showed also an obvious proportional variation of different carotenoid compositions in the extracts of H2-419-4 and the wild type, although no peak of carotenoids appeared or disappeared. Therefore, the main compositions in strain H2-419-4, like its wild one, were free of astaxanthin, monoester, and diester of astaxanthin. The asexual reproduction in survivors after exposed to UV was not synchronous, and different from the normal synchronous asexual reproduction as the mother cells were motile instead of non-motile. Interestingly, some survivors from UV irradiation produced many mini-spores (or gamete?), the spores moved away from the mother cell gradually 4 or 5 days later. This is quite similar to sexual reproduction described by Elliot in 1934. However, whether this was sexual reproduction remains questionable, as no mating process has been observed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC, Grant Nos. 10873038 and 10833007)the National Basic Research Program of China (2006CB806302)CAS Project KJCX2-YW-T04
文摘Using the visual inspection and base difference method and data from the X-ray Telescope （XRT） onboard Hinode and TRACE with improved spatial and temporal resolution, we selected 48 X-ray transient brightenings （XTBs） and 237 EUV transient brightenings （ETBs） to study the connection between these two types of transient brightenings （TBs）. These ETBs and XTBs have smaller areas （8.42 Mm^2 and 36.3 Mm^2, respectively, on average） and shorter durations （9.0 min and 6.9 min, respectively, on average） than previous studies. These XTBs show three types of morphological structure： point-like, single-loop and multiple-loop. We find only 20% of the ETBs have corresponding XTBs while the other 80% have no X-ray signatures at all. This is presumably due to the small amount of released energy, which is not enough to heat the plasma to coronal temperatures which produce X-ray emission rather than being due to the limitation of spatial resolution and temperature sensitivity of the X-ray instrument. These small ETBs may significantly contribute to the coronal heating.
文摘Guinea pig model of cataract was obtained by ultraviolet ray irradiation on both eyes of 47 guinea pigs for 6-8 months. Seven eye-lenses irradiated by ultraviolet ray selected randomly for optical micro-scopic and electron microscopic examinations revealed typical pathological findings such as obvious swelling and widening of gaps of the lens fibres.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.60907003,61805278,61875168,and 22134005)Chongqing Science Funds for Distinguished Young Scientists(Grant No.cstc2021jcyj-jqX0027)+6 种基金Innovation Research 2035 Pilot Plan of Southwest University(Grant No.SWU-XDPY22012)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2018M633704)Innovation Support Program for Overseas Students in Chongqing(Grant No.cx2021008)Foundation of NUDT(Grant Nos.JC13-02-13 and ZK17-0301)Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.13JJ3001)Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University(Grant No.NCET-12-0142)Chongqing Talents Program for Outstanding Scientists(Grant No.cstc2021ycjh-bgzxm0178)。
文摘The solar-blind ultraviolet(UV)wavelength is particularly interesting within the range of 200 nm–300 nm.Here,we propose a focusing metalens,focusing vortex beam(VB)metalens and metalens array that specifically work in the UV band to focus a beam or VB.Firstly,a high numerical aperture(NA)focusing metalens working at a wavelength of 214.2 nm was designed,and the NA reached 0.83.The corresponding conversion efficiency of the unit structure reached as high as 94%,and the full width at half maximum was only 117.2 nm.Metalenses with large NA can act as optical tweezers and can be applied to trap ultracold atoms and molecules.Secondly,a focused VB metalens in the wavelength range of200 nm–300 nm was also designed,which can convert polarized light into a VB and focus the VB simultaneously.Finally,a metalens array was developed to focus VBs with different topological charges on the same focal plane.This series of UV metalenses could be widely used in UV microscopy,photolithography,photonics communication,etc.
基金the Clinical Key Subject Foundation of HealthMinistry of China [Diagnosis and analysis of clinical tumor cell cycle (3)] and Life science Ministry Director Foundation (No.30440024)
文摘Objective： To find out whether ultraviolet ray, a kind of non-ionic ray, could cause the bystander effect, the UV exposed MOLT-4 cells had been investigated. Methods： Two experiment groups were carried out, in which cells were culture and treated at two concentrations： 2 × 10^5/mL and 5 × 10^5/mL. All other treatments were the same. Part of the cells was labeled with DID and exposed to UV ray for 40 s as effect cells; other cells was untreated as bystander cells. Then, the cells were co-cultured and harvested at 4 h interval over a period of 24 h. Annexin V-FITC/PI assay was used to evaluate the bystander effect in bystander cells co-cultured with effected cells. Laser confocal microscope method was used to observe the morphologic changes of the bystander cells. Results： The percentage of cells undergoing apoptosis in the bystander cells was increased over time compared with the control group. They were 6.84%, 8.09%, 9.88%, 17.64%, 17.43%, 30.99% and 37.93% respectively in 0 h, 4 h, 8 h, 12 h, 16 h, 20 h and 24 h. When observed by laser scanning confocal microscope, the bystander cells show some classic character of apoptosis such as chromosome condense, phosphatidylsedne transfer and formation of apoptotic bodies. Conclusion： Bystander effect is significant in un-irradiated bystander MOLT-4 cells when co-cultured with UV exposed cells.
文摘Objective: To study the protective effect of Peroxiredoxin 6 (PRDX6) treatment on the rat model with corneal injury caused by ultraviolet ray. Methods: SD male rats were selected as experimental animals and randomly divided into control group, model group and PRDX6 group, corneal injury models were established by UV irradiation, and they received PRDX6 intervention. The contents of oxidative stress molecules, apoptosis molecules and MMPs/TIMPs in corneal tissues were detected on the 12 d after intervention. Results: MDA, AOPP, Fas, FasL, Bax, Caspase-3, MMP2 and MMP9 contents in corneal tissue of model group were significantly higher than those of control group while T-AOC, SOD, GSH-Px, Bcl-2, Survivin, XIAP, TIMP1 and TIMP2 contents were significantly lower than those of control group;MDA, AOPP, Fas, FasL, Bax, Caspase-3, MMP2 and MMP9 contents in corneal tissue of PRDX6 group were significantly lower than those of model group while T-AOC, SOD, GSH-Px, Bcl-2, Survivin, XIAP, TIMP1 and TIMP2 contents were significantly higher than those of model group. Conclusion: PRDX6 has inhibitory effect on the oxidative stress and apoptosis in corneal injury process caused by ultraviolet ray.
文摘Ultraviolet （UV） aging is one of the main factors which cause premature damage of asphalt pavements in the Tibetan Plateau, China. According to the measured levels of UV radiation, aging tests of styrene-butadiene rubber （SBR） asphalts with different contents of three anti-UV-aging agents including nano-TiO2, CeO2 and carbon black are performed. Common indices, which include retained penetration after thin film oven tests （TFOT） and softening point, and strategic highway research program （SHRP） indices of aged asphalts are evaluated. Infrared absorption spectral analysis is performed on asphalt specimens with 0. 8% carbon black which have been aged for different aging times （500, 1000 and 1 500 h）. By grey incidence analysis, the optimal contents of anti-UV-aging agents are determined. The results show that TiO2 and CeO2 are not only good UV absorbing or shielding agents, but also strong oxidants. Carbon black is a good anti-UV-aging agent, and its optimal content is about 0. 8% of asphalt weight. UV aging of asphalt mainly occurs in the early stages of aging. The longer the aging time, the more severe the aging of asphalt.
文摘以红心萝卜为实验材料,研究了不同剂量的短波紫外线(ultraviolet-C,UV-C)处理对鲜切红心萝卜的抗氧化系统和抗氧化活性的影响。鲜切红心萝卜用0、0.25、0.5、1.0、2.0 k J/m2剂量的UV-C处理后于5℃贮藏48 h。结果表明,1.0 k J/m2 UV-C处理能最有效地诱导鲜切红心萝卜中酚类物质的合成,进而导致其含量增加,并提高了红心萝卜中的1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼自由基清除能力。UV-C处理能促进鲜切红心萝卜中花青素和黄酮类物质含量的增加、延缓抗坏血酸含量的下降、并提高抗氧化酶活性。这些结果表明,UV-C处理可以诱导酚类物质合成,提高抗氧化酶活性,从而显著提升鲜切红心萝卜的抗氧化活性。
