Objective To investigate the diagnostic and predictive value of enhanced CT Hounsfield unit value for central lymph node metastasis(CLNM)in patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis(HT)complicated with papillary thyroid ...Objective To investigate the diagnostic and predictive value of enhanced CT Hounsfield unit value for central lymph node metastasis(CLNM)in patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis(HT)complicated with papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC).Methods The CT images of HTs with PTC confirmed by operation and pathology from 88 patients were analyzed retrospectively.Among them,50 cases of CLNM were all negative and 38 cases of CLNM were all positive.One lymph node was selected as the study subject in each case.The average HU values(AHUVs)and maximum HU values(MHUVs)were measured on the enhanced CT.The diagnostic efficacy of the two parameters for diagnosing CLNM was analyzed by the receiver operating specificity curve(ROC),and the best cut-off values were obtained,which were used to predict 103 HT with PTC CLNM in the validation group.Results The AHUVs of negative group and positive group were(63.79±15.34)HU and(90.92±18.04)HU(t=8.828,P<0.001).The MHUVs of negative group and positive group were(77.08±15.30)HU and(108.79±18.37)HU,respectively(t=7.615,P<0.001).The AUCs for AHUVs and MHUVs for the diagnosis of CLNM-positive was 0.870 and 0.906,and the cut-off values were 84.0 HU and 96.5 HU,respectively.The sensitivity,specificity,and accuracy of predicting CLNM positivity in the validation group using AHUVs≥84.0 HU were 35.7%,95.1%,and 70.9%,respectively,and MHUVs≥96.5 HU were 38.1%,93.4%,and 70.9%,respectively.Conclusion AHUVs≥84.0 HU and MHUVs≥96.5 HU have high specificity for the diagnosis of HT with PTC CLNM,which can provide an important basis for clinical treatment decision.展开更多
An instantaneous velocity where a moment of the clock only corresponds to an arbitrary distance or position in space cannot be implied in Axiom 1, but it indicates that there is only one dimensional existence, space o...An instantaneous velocity where a moment of the clock only corresponds to an arbitrary distance or position in space cannot be implied in Axiom 1, but it indicates that there is only one dimensional existence, space or time, where a certain moment only corresponds to itself specifically, not to any other time or any given length of space. Further, a definition of velocity that consists of two dimensions representing the relationship between space and time is not valid and there is only one-dimensional space or time that is independent of each other in Axiom 1. As a result, the principle of relativity and the principle of the constant velocity of light are replaced by the principle of an inertial system and the principle of universal invariant velocity in Axiom 1. Unlike two dimensions whose magnitude is determined by the ratio, the magnitude of a single dimension is determined by the unit values of one dimension, which indicates that an infinitely great velocity is meaningless. Further, if the two inertial systems are infinite versus finite in Axiom 3, then this extension of the infinitely great velocity can be defined as inextensible.展开更多
In a manufacturing company, certain departments can be characterized as production departments and others as service departments. This paper expands and simplifies the results by the author and his co-author （Lowenth...In a manufacturing company, certain departments can be characterized as production departments and others as service departments. This paper expands and simplifies the results by the author and his co-author （Lowenthal ＆ Malek, 2005; 2013）, by explaining in a simple way how to obtain the fair-price per unit to pay to external suppliers that replace service departments. The paper also proves that replacing several service departments at once produces exactly the same fair-price per unit if they were replaced sequentially.展开更多
The modeling and multi-energy flow calculation of an integrated energy system (IES) are the bases of its operation and planning. This paper establishes the models of various energy sub-systems and the coupling equipme...The modeling and multi-energy flow calculation of an integrated energy system (IES) are the bases of its operation and planning. This paper establishes the models of various energy sub-systems and the coupling equipment for an electricity-gas-thermal IES, and an integrated multi-energy flow calculation model of the IES is constructed. A simplified calculation method for the compressor model in a natural gas network, one which is not included in a loop and works in constant compression ratio mode, is also proposed based on the concept of model reduction. In addition, a numerical conversion method for dealing with the conflict between nominal value and per unit value in the multi-energy flow calculation of IES is described. A case study is given to verify the correctness and speed of the proposed method, and the electricity-gas-thermal coupling interaction characteristics among sub-systems are studied.展开更多
In an examination of the contemporary transformation of journalism at a granular level, this article exposes the process at work in the cultural construction of crisis and struggles for institutional experimentation i...In an examination of the contemporary transformation of journalism at a granular level, this article exposes the process at work in the cultural construction of crisis and struggles for institutional experimentation in the New Orleans based The Times-Picayune. Layoffs and a digital-first strategy in 2012 triggered public outcry that strongly polluted the changes as anti-democratic. A narrative analysis of articles published in a variety of media and in-depth interviews with journalists and editors showed that events were related to broad and systemic cultural values, a core cultural structure inherent in every journalistic institution--including The Times- Picayune. In their narrative dimension, journalistic stories took the form of a moral texture that, in turn, fostered civil interpretations and reactions. The available narratives of the changes were--and still are--filtered, selected, and outlined from those core values.展开更多
基金Zhejiang Provincial Medical and Health Technology Project(2020RC091,2021RC024)。
文摘Objective To investigate the diagnostic and predictive value of enhanced CT Hounsfield unit value for central lymph node metastasis(CLNM)in patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis(HT)complicated with papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC).Methods The CT images of HTs with PTC confirmed by operation and pathology from 88 patients were analyzed retrospectively.Among them,50 cases of CLNM were all negative and 38 cases of CLNM were all positive.One lymph node was selected as the study subject in each case.The average HU values(AHUVs)and maximum HU values(MHUVs)were measured on the enhanced CT.The diagnostic efficacy of the two parameters for diagnosing CLNM was analyzed by the receiver operating specificity curve(ROC),and the best cut-off values were obtained,which were used to predict 103 HT with PTC CLNM in the validation group.Results The AHUVs of negative group and positive group were(63.79±15.34)HU and(90.92±18.04)HU(t=8.828,P<0.001).The MHUVs of negative group and positive group were(77.08±15.30)HU and(108.79±18.37)HU,respectively(t=7.615,P<0.001).The AUCs for AHUVs and MHUVs for the diagnosis of CLNM-positive was 0.870 and 0.906,and the cut-off values were 84.0 HU and 96.5 HU,respectively.The sensitivity,specificity,and accuracy of predicting CLNM positivity in the validation group using AHUVs≥84.0 HU were 35.7%,95.1%,and 70.9%,respectively,and MHUVs≥96.5 HU were 38.1%,93.4%,and 70.9%,respectively.Conclusion AHUVs≥84.0 HU and MHUVs≥96.5 HU have high specificity for the diagnosis of HT with PTC CLNM,which can provide an important basis for clinical treatment decision.
文摘An instantaneous velocity where a moment of the clock only corresponds to an arbitrary distance or position in space cannot be implied in Axiom 1, but it indicates that there is only one dimensional existence, space or time, where a certain moment only corresponds to itself specifically, not to any other time or any given length of space. Further, a definition of velocity that consists of two dimensions representing the relationship between space and time is not valid and there is only one-dimensional space or time that is independent of each other in Axiom 1. As a result, the principle of relativity and the principle of the constant velocity of light are replaced by the principle of an inertial system and the principle of universal invariant velocity in Axiom 1. Unlike two dimensions whose magnitude is determined by the ratio, the magnitude of a single dimension is determined by the unit values of one dimension, which indicates that an infinitely great velocity is meaningless. Further, if the two inertial systems are infinite versus finite in Axiom 3, then this extension of the infinitely great velocity can be defined as inextensible.
文摘In a manufacturing company, certain departments can be characterized as production departments and others as service departments. This paper expands and simplifies the results by the author and his co-author （Lowenthal ＆ Malek, 2005; 2013）, by explaining in a simple way how to obtain the fair-price per unit to pay to external suppliers that replace service departments. The paper also proves that replacing several service departments at once produces exactly the same fair-price per unit if they were replaced sequentially.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(52077193).
文摘The modeling and multi-energy flow calculation of an integrated energy system (IES) are the bases of its operation and planning. This paper establishes the models of various energy sub-systems and the coupling equipment for an electricity-gas-thermal IES, and an integrated multi-energy flow calculation model of the IES is constructed. A simplified calculation method for the compressor model in a natural gas network, one which is not included in a loop and works in constant compression ratio mode, is also proposed based on the concept of model reduction. In addition, a numerical conversion method for dealing with the conflict between nominal value and per unit value in the multi-energy flow calculation of IES is described. A case study is given to verify the correctness and speed of the proposed method, and the electricity-gas-thermal coupling interaction characteristics among sub-systems are studied.
文摘In an examination of the contemporary transformation of journalism at a granular level, this article exposes the process at work in the cultural construction of crisis and struggles for institutional experimentation in the New Orleans based The Times-Picayune. Layoffs and a digital-first strategy in 2012 triggered public outcry that strongly polluted the changes as anti-democratic. A narrative analysis of articles published in a variety of media and in-depth interviews with journalists and editors showed that events were related to broad and systemic cultural values, a core cultural structure inherent in every journalistic institution--including The Times- Picayune. In their narrative dimension, journalistic stories took the form of a moral texture that, in turn, fostered civil interpretations and reactions. The available narratives of the changes were--and still are--filtered, selected, and outlined from those core values.
