Reform and Practice of University Physics Experimental Teaching Based on OBE Concept

Aiming at the problems of unclear teaching objectives,obsolete content,and single method in the experimental teaching of university physics at our university,we have implemented a series of reform initiatives.It mainly includes clarifying the student-centered teaching objectives,optimizing the experimental content,innovating the teaching methods,improving the assessment and evaluation system,and improving the experimental conditions[1,2].After the implementation of the reform,the learning effectiveness of students has been significantly improved,the teaching level of teachers has been significantly enhanced,the curriculum system has been optimized,the efficiency of teaching management has been enhanced,and social recognition has been strengthened.Practice shows that the teaching reform based on the outcome-based education concept effectively improves the quality of university physics experimental teaching and lays the foundation for cultivating innovative talents.

Review Article: Cosmology and Classical Physics

In 1937, Paul Dirac proposed Large Number Hypothesis and Hypothesis of Variable Gravitational Constant, and later added notion of Continuous Creation of Matter in the World. Hypersphere World-Universe Model (WUM) follows these ideas, albeit introducing different mechanism of Matter creation. In this paper, we show that WUM is a natural continuation of Classical Physics. WUM is proposed as an alternative to prevailing Big Bang Model (BBM) that relies on General Relativity. WUM and BBM are principally different Models: 1) Instead of Initial Singularity with infinite energy density and extremely rapid expansion of spacetime (Inflation) in BBM;in WUM, there was Fluctuation (4D Nucleus of World with extrapolated radius equal to basic size unit of a) in Eternal Universe with finite extrapolated energy density (~104 less than nuclear density) and finite expansion of Nucleus in Its fourth spatial dimension with speed c that is gravitodynamic constant;2) Instead of alleged practically Infinite Homogeneous and Isotropic Universe around Initial Singularity in BBM;in WUM, 3D Finite Boundless World (Hypersphere of 4D Nucleus) presents Patchwork Quilt of various Luminous Superclusters (≧103), which emerged in different places of World at different Cosmological times. Medium of World, consisting of protons, electrons, photons, neutrinos, and dark matter particles, is Homogeneous and Isotropic. Distribution of Macroobjects is spatially Inhomogeneous and Anisotropic and temporally Non-simultaneous. Most direct observational evidence of validity of WUM are: 1) Microwave Background Radiation and Intergalactic Plasma speak in favor of existence of Medium;2) Laniakea Supercluster with binding mass ~1017M⊙ is home to Milky Way (MW) and ~105 other nearby galaxies, which did not start their movement from Initial Singularity;3) MW is gravitationally bounded with Virgo Supercluster (VS) and has Orbital Angular Momentum that far exceeds its rotational angular momentum;4) Mass-to-light ratio of VS is ~300 times larger than that of Solar ratio. Similar ratios are obtained for other superclusters. These ratios are main arguments in favor of presence of significant amounts of Dark Matter in the World. 5) Astronomers discovered the most distant galaxy HD1 that is ~13.5 Bly away. WUM predicts discovery of galaxies with a distance of ~13.8 Bly. Medium of World, Dark Matter, and Angular Momentum are main Three Pillars of WUM.

The Emergence of Modern Physics Research in China:The Yenching Department of Physics and the Rockefeller Foundation

Based on archival materials discovered in America,Britain,and China,this paper carefully examines the history of the short-lived and completely overlooked Department of Physics in the Premedical School of Peking Union Medical College(PUMC),and uncovers this department’s extensive interconnections with its counterpart at Yenching University.This project also looks into the Master of Science(MS)program in the Department of Physics at Yenching University,which,founded in 1927,was the first graduate program in physics in China.It was this MS program that transformed the Yenching Department from a largely premedical training center serving the PUMC into a prominent cradle of Chinese physics research.This Yenching Department,despite its small faculty and brief existence,nurtured many eminent Chinese physicists,such as Chao-Ying Meng孟昭英,Wen-Yu Chang张文裕,Ming-Chen Wang王明贞,Chia-Liu Luke Yuan袁家骝,Cheng-Shu Wang(Chang)王承书,Ho-Fu Lu卢鹤绂,Ting-Sui Ke葛庭燧,Kun Huang黄昆,and Chia-Lin Hsieh谢家麟.It would have been impossible to achieve these outstanding accomplishments without the effective leadership and pioneering work of C.H.Corbett,P.A.Anderson,Y.M.Hsieh,and W.Band—the first four Department Chairs—in combination with relatively abundant private funding,mostly from America,and extensive educational connections with Western institutions.This paper not only introduces in detail these four department heads and their contributions,but also discloses the unique role played by the Rockefeller Foundation via the China Medical Board and the PUMC in the development of the Yenching Department of Physics.

In the Future, Learning in the Cloud Will be More Effective than Learning in A Physical University

With the progress of technology,learning in the cloud has becoming the new teaching and learning model in education.Compared with the traditional class,it influences on improving academic performance,stimulating learning motivation and saving time.However,most changeling of it is increased of dropout.What is more,the feeling of lacking interpersonal communication happened between the teachers and students.

The Evaluation of Educational Literacy of Physics Students in Normal Universities Under China’s Professional Certification System

This article discusses the connotation of the evaluation of educational literacy of physics students in normal universities,provides the evaluation criteria for students’teaching ability,improves the evaluation composition of educational literacy of physics students in normal universities,and provides the score distribution of the 10 items in educational literacy,in hope to improve the training quality of university students.

Physical Properties of the Function and Number of Empirical Macrohardness of the Material: Universal Physical Unit of Measurement of Macro Hardness (Part 2)

Results of analytical studies of the physical properties of the function and number of empirical macrohardness based on the standard experimental force diagram of kinetic macroindentation by a sphere.An analytical comparison method and a criterion for the similarity of the physical and empirical macrohardness of a material are proposed.The physical properties of the hardness measurement process using the Calvert-Johnson method are shown.The physical reasons for the size effect when measuring macrohardness are considered.The universal physical unit and standard of macrohardness of kinetic macroindentation by a sphere is substantiated.

A Comparison of the Quantum of the Void and the Quantum of the Physical Universe

The Quantum of the void is dimensionless. It has Energy in the form of photons in quantum levels “n”. This Photon (Dark) Energy is used to create the Quantum of the physical Universe with different quantum numbers n* and the “n + 1” dimensions of the Matter and Antimatter Multiverses by creating space, time, mass, and charge. The quantum numbers n* of the physical Universe can range up to very large values compared to the quantum levels “n” of the void because they serve a different purpose which is to connect Quantum Mechanics to Classical Mechanics which does not exist within the void. Photons have a wave-particle dual nature in the Quantum of the physical Universe which is non-existent in the void. Photons exist in spin-up and spin-down states in the Quantum of the void. The four Fundamental Forces of nature exist only in the physical Universe. Energy that exists in the void is the creator of all physical things while the Entropy within the void annihilates the creation to send all the energy back into the different “n” levels of the void to reestablish the equilibrium of the system.

Department of Engineering Physics Tsinghua University

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The lack and construction of teaching communication in Physical Education in Colleges and universities

Teachers and students are the two main subjects which are indispensable in the teaching activities. Their communication is the most basic activity in the whole teaching activities. The social economy in our country is developing and changing constantly, and the teaching reform has been changed, and it has been well developed. Physical education is a very important component in the teaching structure of colleges and universities, and the teaching of physical education has been highly concerned by people. But in the sports teaching practice, in？ uenced by traditional teaching ideas and teaching skills, communication of PE Teaching in Colleges and universities appeared unilateral and simple phenomenon, directly affect the quality and efficiency of teaching. We should figure out how to avoid the lack of teaching communication in college physical education, in order to make the relationship between teachers and students, students and students more harmonious, and promote the improvement of the efficiency of sports teaching. This article mainly focus on the teaching concept, we discuss and analyze the problems and reasons in the teaching of physical education in Colleges and Universities and put forward a new sports teaching communication construction strategy, the purpose is to provide some support and help to the university physical education teaching activities.

Primordial black holes

Primordial black holes （PBHs） are a profound signature of primordial cosmological structures and provide a theoretical tool to study nontrivial physics of the early Universe. The mechanisms of PBH formation are discussed and observational constraints on the PBH spectrum, or effects of PBH evaporation, are shown to restrict a wide range of particle physics models, predicting an enhancement of the ultraviolet part of the spectrum of density perturbations, early dust-like stages, first order phase transitions and stages of superheavy metastable particle dominance in the early Universe. The mechanism of closed wall contraction can lead, in the inflationary Universe, to a new approach to galaxy formation, involving primordial clouds of massive BHs created around the intermediate mass or supermassive BH and playing the role of galactic seeds.