During subway operation,various factors will cause long-term land subsidence,such as the vibration subsidence of foundation soil caused by train vibration load,incomplete consolidation deformation of foundation soil d...During subway operation,various factors will cause long-term land subsidence,such as the vibration subsidence of foundation soil caused by train vibration load,incomplete consolidation deformation of foundation soil during tunnel construction,dense buildings and structures in the vicinity of the tunnel,and changes in water level in the stratum where the tunnel is located.The monitoring of long-term land subsidence during subway operation in high-density urban areas differs from that in low-density urban construction areas.The former is the gathering point of the entire urban population.There are many complex buildings around the project,busy road traffic,high pedestrian flow,and less vegetation cover.Several existing items requiremonitoring.However,monitoring distance is long,and providing early warning is difficult.This study uses the 2.8 km operation line between Wulin Square station and Ding’an Road station of Hangzhou Subway Line 1 as an example to propose the integrated method of DInSAR-GPS-GIS technology and the key algorithm for long-term land subsidence deformation.Then,it selects multiscene image data to analyze long-termland subsidence of high-density urban areas during subway operation.Results show that long-term land subsidence caused by the operation of Wulin Square station to Ding’an Road station of Hangzhou Subway Line 1 is small,with maximumsubsidence of 30.64 mm,and minimumsubsidence of 11.45 mm,and average subsidence ranging from 19.27 to 21.33 mm.And FLAC3D software was used to verify the monitoring situation,using the geological conditions of the soil in the study area and the tunnel profile to simulate the settlement under vehicle load,and the simulation results tended to be consistent with the monitoring situation.展开更多
Up till now,no systematic studies on railway route selection in urban areas,HSR route selection in particular,have been taken in China.Based on the Shenzhen Railway Terminal Project and the Shenzhen-Shanwei Railway Pr...Up till now,no systematic studies on railway route selection in urban areas,HSR route selection in particular,have been taken in China.Based on the Shenzhen Railway Terminal Project and the Shenzhen-Shanwei Railway Project,research on HSR route selection in complicated urban areas has been conducted.An optimal route selection plan is determined after studying the local geological and environmental conditions and the complexity of tunnel construction.The research concludes that there are four major concerns in HSR route selection:the match between the new route and the urban planning,the potential economic return for the massive investment,the likely impacts of land expropriation on social stability,and the best synthesis of multiple controlling factors to meet the HSR standard.Moreover,six principles should be followed in railway route selection in complicated urban areas:the new route should be in alignment with the railway deployment;the route should align with the existing passage as much as possible;extensive analysis and in-depth demonstrations should be done to find the most appropriate combination of open and hidden excavation in tunnel construction;geological conditions and tunnel construction complexities are among the priorities;environmental sensitive sites and environmental vibration noise should be avoided as much as possible;special attention should be paid to the relocation of the power supply,television and communication facilities and the rearrangement of tubes and wires.展开更多
The air quality model CMAQ-MADRID (Community Multiscale Air Quality-Model of Aerosol Dynamics, Reaction, Ionization and Dissolution) was employed to simulate summer O3 formation in Beijing China, in order to explore...The air quality model CMAQ-MADRID (Community Multiscale Air Quality-Model of Aerosol Dynamics, Reaction, Ionization and Dissolution) was employed to simulate summer O3 formation in Beijing China, in order to explore the impacts of four heterogeneous reactions on O3 formation in an urban area. The results showed that the impacts were obvious and exhibited the characteristics of a typical response of a VOC-limited regime in the urban area. For the four heterogeneous reactions considered, the NO2 and HO2 heterogeneous reactions have the most severe impacts on O3 formation. During the O3 formation period, the NO2 heterogeneous reaction increased new radical creation by 30%, raising the atmospheric activity as more NO→NO2 conversion occurred, thus causing the O3 to rise. The increase of O3 peak concentration reached a maximum value of 67 ppb in the urban area. In the morning hours, high NO titration reduced the effect of the photolysis of HONO, which was produced heterogeneously at night in the surface layer. The NO2 heterogeneous reaction in the daytime is likely one of the major reasons causing the O3 increase in the Beijing urban area. The HO2 heterogeneous reaction accelerated radical termination, resulting in a decrease of the radical concentration by 44% at the most. O3 peak concentration decreased by a maximum amount of 24 ppb in the urban area. The simulation results were improved when the heterogeneous reactions were included, with the O3 and HONO model results close to the observations.展开更多
In this paper, some experimental studies on the impact of effluent from an exhaust tower of an underground tunnel with special construction are reported. By measuring the flow field downstream of the tower in NJU mete...In this paper, some experimental studies on the impact of effluent from an exhaust tower of an underground tunnel with special construction are reported. By measuring the flow field downstream of the tower in NJU meteorological wind tunnel, some flow characteristics in the make area were established. Based on these, an advanced random\|walk dispersion model was set up and applied successfully to the simulation of dispersion in the wake area. The modelling results were in accordance with wind tunnel measurements. The computed maximum of ground surface concentration in the building case was a factor of 3-4 higher than that in the flat case and appeared much closer to the source. The simulation indicated that random walk modelling is an effective and practical tool for the wake stream impact assessment.展开更多
To evaluate the HIV pandemic in Chongqing, the pooled PCR, IgG-capture BED enzyme immunoassay (BED-CEIA), and cohort observations were used to estimate the HIV incidences among men who have sex with men (MSM). 617...To evaluate the HIV pandemic in Chongqing, the pooled PCR, IgG-capture BED enzyme immunoassay (BED-CEIA), and cohort observations were used to estimate the HIV incidences among men who have sex with men (MSM). 617 MSM subjects completed the survey at a voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) site. The observed HIV incidence was 12.5 per 100 P-Ys (95% CI = 9.1-15.7).展开更多
This paper makes a detailed analysis of the vanous drawbacks of the continued use of adwhnistrative area in dividing urban and rural areas in spite of the serious discrepancies between urban admnistrative boundaries a...This paper makes a detailed analysis of the vanous drawbacks of the continued use of adwhnistrative area in dividing urban and rural areas in spite of the serious discrepancies between urban admnistrative boundaries and the 'real' urban space in China. The autiors believe that to solve this problem, it is essential to establish the concept of physical urban area with both adaptability to Chinese situation and intemational comparability and use it as the basis of urban-rural division and statistics. It is proposed that physical urban area should be defined in terms of prescribed minimum population scale, dngee of nonaghculturalization and population density.Based on extensive substantive research and a classifiotion of the space figurations of Chinese cities and towns, a new scheme to classify physical urban areas is proposed.展开更多
In order to meet the application requirements of autonomous vehicles, this paper proposes a simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) algorithm, which uses a VoxelGrid filter to down sample the point cloud data, ...In order to meet the application requirements of autonomous vehicles, this paper proposes a simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) algorithm, which uses a VoxelGrid filter to down sample the point cloud data, with the combination of iterative closest points (ICP) algorithm and Gaussian model for particles updating, the matching between the local map and the global map to quantify particles' importance weight. The crude estimation by using ICP algorithm can find the high probability area of autonomous vehicles' poses, which would decrease particle numbers, increase algorithm speed and restrain particles' impoverishment. The calculation of particles' importance weight based on matching of attribute between grid maps is simple and practicable. Experiments carried out with the autonomous vehicle platform validate the effectiveness of our approaches.展开更多
Firstly,the daily variations of NO2 concentration in the urban area of Wanzhou in 2012 were analyzed,and then the relationship between NO2 concentration and meteorological factors( precipitation,atmospheric pressure,...Firstly,the daily variations of NO2 concentration in the urban area of Wanzhou in 2012 were analyzed,and then the relationship between NO2 concentration and meteorological factors( precipitation,atmospheric pressure,wind speed,temperature,relative humidity and sunshine hours) was discussed. Finally,the multiple linear regression equation was established to predict NO2 concentration. The results showed that NO2 concentration in the urban area of Wanzhou did not exceed 80 μg /m3in most days from January 1 to December 31 in 2012. Among the six meteorological factors,NO2 concentration correlated significantly with three meteorological factors,that is,NO2 concentration correlated negatively with atmospheric pressure and wind speed but positively with relative humidity. NO2 concentration in the urban area of Wanzhou could be predicted using the multiple linear regression model. According to the rose diagram of wind directions,the wind blowing from the NNW was dominant in the urban area of Wanzhou.展开更多
Rapid urbanization in Beijing stimulates the urban land expansion and diminishes available agricultural land. Monofunctional agricultural land use can not meet the demand of the devel- opment of the multifunctional ag...Rapid urbanization in Beijing stimulates the urban land expansion and diminishes available agricultural land. Monofunctional agricultural land use can not meet the demand of the devel- opment of the multifunctional agriculture and urbanization any more, so multifunctional agricultural land use is going to be promoted in the city. This article proposes the evolvement of the land use change from 1992 to 2004 and discusses some evolvement views.展开更多
Fatal traffic accidents in urban areas can adversely affect the urban road traffic system and pose many challenges for urban traffic management.Therefore,it is necessary to first classify emergency responses to such a...Fatal traffic accidents in urban areas can adversely affect the urban road traffic system and pose many challenges for urban traffic management.Therefore,it is necessary to first classify emergency responses to such accidents and then handle them quickly and correctly.The aim of this paper is to develop an evaluation index system and to use appropriate methods to investigate emergency-response classifications to fatal traffic accidents in Chinese urban areas.This study used a multilevel hierarchical structural model to determine emergency-response classification.In the model,accident attributes,urban road network vulnerability,and institutional resilience were used as classification criteria.Each evaluation indicator was selected according to importance ranking and independence screening and was given an interpretation and a quantitative criterion.The Fuzzy Delphi Method was used to rank the importance of the evaluation indices and the combined weight of each index was calculated using the G1 method.Finally,the case of a fatal traffic accident was used to validate the model.The results showed that the multilevel hierarchical structural model,Fuzzy Delphi Method,and G1 method can effectively address the problem of emergency-response classification.Because of its simplicity and adaptability,the approach presented here could be useful for decisionmakers and practitioners for determining emergency-response classifications.展开更多
This paper, based on the literature review and field investigation, studied the status quo of maker spaces in main urban district of Chengdu at a time when the development of the maker spaces has received strong suppo...This paper, based on the literature review and field investigation, studied the status quo of maker spaces in main urban district of Chengdu at a time when the development of the maker spaces has received strong support from national and local governments. In addition to introducing the related concepts and policy support of the maker space, it summarized its distribution characteristics, audience characteristics, and status quo as well as problems and presented the direction for the development of the maker space in main urban area of Chengdu grounded on a survey of the status quo of national maker spaces in main urban area of Chengdu.展开更多
The current situation,existing problems and characteristics of greening in the main urban area of Taizhou were analyzed,and the construction ideas and safeguard measures of plain greening in urban areas in the new era...The current situation,existing problems and characteristics of greening in the main urban area of Taizhou were analyzed,and the construction ideas and safeguard measures of plain greening in urban areas in the new era were put forward.展开更多
Sponge city construction,as an important measure of ecological construction in China,can effectively solve a series of problems such as large annual runoff,serious non-point source pollution,regional water shortage,lo...Sponge city construction,as an important measure of ecological construction in China,can effectively solve a series of problems such as large annual runoff,serious non-point source pollution,regional water shortage,low utilization rate of rain and flood resources,unsustainable ecological benefits of water landscape and poor landscape functions in urbanization construction. This paper uses LID concept to construct sponge city in the old urban area of Kunming,to reduce the total runoff and promote the utilization of rainfall and flood resources so as to rebuild,upgrade and optimize the regional environment and provide some reference for the regional construction of small-scale sponge city.展开更多
Under the background of"people-oriented"thought and"green transportation",the idea of"priority for non-motor vehicles"came into being,which can improve the riding environment of non-motor...Under the background of"people-oriented"thought and"green transportation",the idea of"priority for non-motor vehicles"came into being,which can improve the riding environment of non-motor vehicle riders to a certain extent.According to the current situation of priority for non-motor vehicles in the old urban area of Nanchang,through field investigation,questionnaire investigation and interview,this study summarized the existing problems,and put forward optimization suggestions for these problems,in order to provide reference for areas with similar conditions.展开更多
Through extensive access to party history materials,combined with professional knowledge,the existing red resources in Shanghai are studied from multi-dimensional,multi-level and multi-integration perspectives,to lear...Through extensive access to party history materials,combined with professional knowledge,the existing red resources in Shanghai are studied from multi-dimensional,multi-level and multi-integration perspectives,to learn party history from a new perspective.Through ArcGIS platform,the geographical distribution of red resources in Shanghai urban area is analyzed,and classification analysis,kernel density analysis and accessibility analysis are carried out according to resource types,grade of patriotism education base and grade of heritage preservation.The existing red resources in Shanghai urban area are evaluated,and the optimization suggestions are put forward.展开更多
Community walking space is the most used space in residents’daily life,such as commuting and walking,and is also the most basic type of space for outdoor activities.The microclimatic environment of walking space not ...Community walking space is the most used space in residents’daily life,such as commuting and walking,and is also the most basic type of space for outdoor activities.The microclimatic environment of walking space not only affects the health status of residents,but also determines the service effi ciency of outdoor public space.Based on actual measurement and simulation of microclimatic environment,the status quo of walkability of microclimatic environments in six typical communities is evaluated by quantitative methods,and general problems and optimization suggestions are put forward,in order to provide new ideas for future community environment transformation.展开更多
As one of the methods of urban environmental assessment,sensitivity assessment of urban climatic environment can accurately reflect the problem areas of current urban climate and built environment through visual means...As one of the methods of urban environmental assessment,sensitivity assessment of urban climatic environment can accurately reflect the problem areas of current urban climate and built environment through visual means,and help cities to carry out sustainable transformation and renewal in the stock era to optimize the living environment.Taking the central urban area of Beijing as the research object,the sensitivity of climatic environment was evaluated by meteorological data and built environment element data.The results showed that the distribution of sensitive units showed a centrifugal radiation pattern of"high in the center and low in the periphery".Block units with high climate sensitivity were mostly concentrated in Xicheng District and Dongcheng District,accounting for 93%of the total number of units.Further research showed that complex built environment and lack of elements to regulate climatic environment were the main reasons for the poor local climatic environment in the region with high climate sensitivity.Finally,a comprehensive evaluation of the remolding capacity,renewal potential and future development intensity of different grades of climate sensitive units was given.The results will provide scientific reference for urban renewal and reconstruction under climatic and environmental changes,so as to promote urban sustainable development and improvement of living environment.展开更多
This paper presents a global methodology to compute wind flow in complex urban areas in order to assess wind pedestrian comfort, wind energy, wind safety or natural ventilation potential. The numerical tool presented ...This paper presents a global methodology to compute wind flow in complex urban areas in order to assess wind pedestrian comfort, wind energy, wind safety or natural ventilation potential. The numerical tool presented here is composed of a CFD soft-ware suite covering both regional scale (20 km) and urban scale (1km), and able to model the wind in any complex terrains and in large urban environments. Examples are presented in the paper in order to show the advantages of the methodology for urban designers.展开更多
Interference control can be realized by selecting the antenna' s electrical and engineering parameters such as gain and radiation pattern, height, azimuth and downtilt to directly influence the field intensity dis...Interference control can be realized by selecting the antenna' s electrical and engineering parameters such as gain and radiation pattern, height, azimuth and downtilt to directly influence the field intensity distribution of radio signals and effectively and reasonably distribute the electro-magnetic energy. This paper discusses how to select an antenna for a densely populated urban area. The discussion is based on the simulation platform of ZTE ' s WCDMA planning system.展开更多
基金financial supports for this research project by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41602308,41967037)supported by Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.LY20E080005+1 种基金funded by National Key Research and Development Projects of China(No.2019YFC507502)Guangxi Science and Technology Plan Project(No.RZ2100000161).
文摘During subway operation,various factors will cause long-term land subsidence,such as the vibration subsidence of foundation soil caused by train vibration load,incomplete consolidation deformation of foundation soil during tunnel construction,dense buildings and structures in the vicinity of the tunnel,and changes in water level in the stratum where the tunnel is located.The monitoring of long-term land subsidence during subway operation in high-density urban areas differs from that in low-density urban construction areas.The former is the gathering point of the entire urban population.There are many complex buildings around the project,busy road traffic,high pedestrian flow,and less vegetation cover.Several existing items requiremonitoring.However,monitoring distance is long,and providing early warning is difficult.This study uses the 2.8 km operation line between Wulin Square station and Ding’an Road station of Hangzhou Subway Line 1 as an example to propose the integrated method of DInSAR-GPS-GIS technology and the key algorithm for long-term land subsidence deformation.Then,it selects multiscene image data to analyze long-termland subsidence of high-density urban areas during subway operation.Results show that long-term land subsidence caused by the operation of Wulin Square station to Ding’an Road station of Hangzhou Subway Line 1 is small,with maximumsubsidence of 30.64 mm,and minimumsubsidence of 11.45 mm,and average subsidence ranging from 19.27 to 21.33 mm.And FLAC3D software was used to verify the monitoring situation,using the geological conditions of the soil in the study area and the tunnel profile to simulate the settlement under vehicle load,and the simulation results tended to be consistent with the monitoring situation.
文摘Up till now,no systematic studies on railway route selection in urban areas,HSR route selection in particular,have been taken in China.Based on the Shenzhen Railway Terminal Project and the Shenzhen-Shanwei Railway Project,research on HSR route selection in complicated urban areas has been conducted.An optimal route selection plan is determined after studying the local geological and environmental conditions and the complexity of tunnel construction.The research concludes that there are four major concerns in HSR route selection:the match between the new route and the urban planning,the potential economic return for the massive investment,the likely impacts of land expropriation on social stability,and the best synthesis of multiple controlling factors to meet the HSR standard.Moreover,six principles should be followed in railway route selection in complicated urban areas:the new route should be in alignment with the railway deployment;the route should align with the existing passage as much as possible;extensive analysis and in-depth demonstrations should be done to find the most appropriate combination of open and hidden excavation in tunnel construction;geological conditions and tunnel construction complexities are among the priorities;environmental sensitive sites and environmental vibration noise should be avoided as much as possible;special attention should be paid to the relocation of the power supply,television and communication facilities and the rearrangement of tubes and wires.
文摘The air quality model CMAQ-MADRID (Community Multiscale Air Quality-Model of Aerosol Dynamics, Reaction, Ionization and Dissolution) was employed to simulate summer O3 formation in Beijing China, in order to explore the impacts of four heterogeneous reactions on O3 formation in an urban area. The results showed that the impacts were obvious and exhibited the characteristics of a typical response of a VOC-limited regime in the urban area. For the four heterogeneous reactions considered, the NO2 and HO2 heterogeneous reactions have the most severe impacts on O3 formation. During the O3 formation period, the NO2 heterogeneous reaction increased new radical creation by 30%, raising the atmospheric activity as more NO→NO2 conversion occurred, thus causing the O3 to rise. The increase of O3 peak concentration reached a maximum value of 67 ppb in the urban area. In the morning hours, high NO titration reduced the effect of the photolysis of HONO, which was produced heterogeneously at night in the surface layer. The NO2 heterogeneous reaction in the daytime is likely one of the major reasons causing the O3 increase in the Beijing urban area. The HO2 heterogeneous reaction accelerated radical termination, resulting in a decrease of the radical concentration by 44% at the most. O3 peak concentration decreased by a maximum amount of 24 ppb in the urban area. The simulation results were improved when the heterogeneous reactions were included, with the O3 and HONO model results close to the observations.
文摘In this paper, some experimental studies on the impact of effluent from an exhaust tower of an underground tunnel with special construction are reported. By measuring the flow field downstream of the tower in NJU meteorological wind tunnel, some flow characteristics in the make area were established. Based on these, an advanced random\|walk dispersion model was set up and applied successfully to the simulation of dispersion in the wake area. The modelling results were in accordance with wind tunnel measurements. The computed maximum of ground surface concentration in the building case was a factor of 3-4 higher than that in the flat case and appeared much closer to the source. The simulation indicated that random walk modelling is an effective and practical tool for the wake stream impact assessment.
基金supported by the Department of Health and Family Counseling,Chongqing[2016HBRC009,2017ZDXM001]
文摘To evaluate the HIV pandemic in Chongqing, the pooled PCR, IgG-capture BED enzyme immunoassay (BED-CEIA), and cohort observations were used to estimate the HIV incidences among men who have sex with men (MSM). 617 MSM subjects completed the survey at a voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) site. The observed HIV incidence was 12.5 per 100 P-Ys (95% CI = 9.1-15.7).
文摘This paper makes a detailed analysis of the vanous drawbacks of the continued use of adwhnistrative area in dividing urban and rural areas in spite of the serious discrepancies between urban admnistrative boundaries and the 'real' urban space in China. The autiors believe that to solve this problem, it is essential to establish the concept of physical urban area with both adaptability to Chinese situation and intemational comparability and use it as the basis of urban-rural division and statistics. It is proposed that physical urban area should be defined in terms of prescribed minimum population scale, dngee of nonaghculturalization and population density.Based on extensive substantive research and a classifiotion of the space figurations of Chinese cities and towns, a new scheme to classify physical urban areas is proposed.
基金Supported by the Major Research Plan of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(91120003)Surface Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61173076)
文摘In order to meet the application requirements of autonomous vehicles, this paper proposes a simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) algorithm, which uses a VoxelGrid filter to down sample the point cloud data, with the combination of iterative closest points (ICP) algorithm and Gaussian model for particles updating, the matching between the local map and the global map to quantify particles' importance weight. The crude estimation by using ICP algorithm can find the high probability area of autonomous vehicles' poses, which would decrease particle numbers, increase algorithm speed and restrain particles' impoverishment. The calculation of particles' importance weight based on matching of attribute between grid maps is simple and practicable. Experiments carried out with the autonomous vehicle platform validate the effectiveness of our approaches.
基金Supported by the Municipal Key Laboratory Project of Colleges and Universities in Chongqing City,China(WEPKL2013MS-10)National Innovation Planning Project for University Students in 2013(201310643003)
文摘Firstly,the daily variations of NO2 concentration in the urban area of Wanzhou in 2012 were analyzed,and then the relationship between NO2 concentration and meteorological factors( precipitation,atmospheric pressure,wind speed,temperature,relative humidity and sunshine hours) was discussed. Finally,the multiple linear regression equation was established to predict NO2 concentration. The results showed that NO2 concentration in the urban area of Wanzhou did not exceed 80 μg /m3in most days from January 1 to December 31 in 2012. Among the six meteorological factors,NO2 concentration correlated significantly with three meteorological factors,that is,NO2 concentration correlated negatively with atmospheric pressure and wind speed but positively with relative humidity. NO2 concentration in the urban area of Wanzhou could be predicted using the multiple linear regression model. According to the rose diagram of wind directions,the wind blowing from the NNW was dominant in the urban area of Wanzhou.
基金National Nature Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 40571056).
文摘Rapid urbanization in Beijing stimulates the urban land expansion and diminishes available agricultural land. Monofunctional agricultural land use can not meet the demand of the devel- opment of the multifunctional agriculture and urbanization any more, so multifunctional agricultural land use is going to be promoted in the city. This article proposes the evolvement of the land use change from 1992 to 2004 and discusses some evolvement views.
基金supported by the Fifth 333 High-Level Talents Project of Jiangsu Province under Grant BRA2017443the Key Research Base of Jiangsu University Philosophy and Social Science under Grant 2018ZDJD-B007.
文摘Fatal traffic accidents in urban areas can adversely affect the urban road traffic system and pose many challenges for urban traffic management.Therefore,it is necessary to first classify emergency responses to such accidents and then handle them quickly and correctly.The aim of this paper is to develop an evaluation index system and to use appropriate methods to investigate emergency-response classifications to fatal traffic accidents in Chinese urban areas.This study used a multilevel hierarchical structural model to determine emergency-response classification.In the model,accident attributes,urban road network vulnerability,and institutional resilience were used as classification criteria.Each evaluation indicator was selected according to importance ranking and independence screening and was given an interpretation and a quantitative criterion.The Fuzzy Delphi Method was used to rank the importance of the evaluation indices and the combined weight of each index was calculated using the G1 method.Finally,the case of a fatal traffic accident was used to validate the model.The results showed that the multilevel hierarchical structural model,Fuzzy Delphi Method,and G1 method can effectively address the problem of emergency-response classification.Because of its simplicity and adaptability,the approach presented here could be useful for decisionmakers and practitioners for determining emergency-response classifications.
基金Sponsored by National Natural Science Fund(51508471)Philosophy and Social Science Project of Sichuan Province(MD16E017)+2 种基金Soft Science Project of Chengdu City(2015-RK00-00270-ZF)Operating Costs of Innovation Project of Science and Engineering in Colleges and Universities Administrated by Ministries and Their Attached Institutions in 2017(2682017CX016)Teaching Research and Reform Project for Undergraduate Education of Southwest Jiaotong University in 2017(201704048)
文摘This paper, based on the literature review and field investigation, studied the status quo of maker spaces in main urban district of Chengdu at a time when the development of the maker spaces has received strong support from national and local governments. In addition to introducing the related concepts and policy support of the maker space, it summarized its distribution characteristics, audience characteristics, and status quo as well as problems and presented the direction for the development of the maker space in main urban area of Chengdu grounded on a survey of the status quo of national maker spaces in main urban area of Chengdu.
文摘The current situation,existing problems and characteristics of greening in the main urban area of Taizhou were analyzed,and the construction ideas and safeguard measures of plain greening in urban areas in the new era were put forward.
基金Supported by Science Research Fund of Yunnan Provincial Department of Education(2017ZZX090)Key Scientific Research Project of University(XJZD1602)Open Fund Project of Key Laboratories for the Opening and Utilization of Characteristic Biological Resources in Colleges and Universities of Yunnan Province,Kunming University(GXKZ201714)
文摘Sponge city construction,as an important measure of ecological construction in China,can effectively solve a series of problems such as large annual runoff,serious non-point source pollution,regional water shortage,low utilization rate of rain and flood resources,unsustainable ecological benefits of water landscape and poor landscape functions in urbanization construction. This paper uses LID concept to construct sponge city in the old urban area of Kunming,to reduce the total runoff and promote the utilization of rainfall and flood resources so as to rebuild,upgrade and optimize the regional environment and provide some reference for the regional construction of small-scale sponge city.
文摘Under the background of"people-oriented"thought and"green transportation",the idea of"priority for non-motor vehicles"came into being,which can improve the riding environment of non-motor vehicle riders to a certain extent.According to the current situation of priority for non-motor vehicles in the old urban area of Nanchang,through field investigation,questionnaire investigation and interview,this study summarized the existing problems,and put forward optimization suggestions for these problems,in order to provide reference for areas with similar conditions.
基金Sponsored by General Project of Natural Science Foundation of Beijing City(8202017)2018 Beijing Municipal University Academic Human Resources Development-Youth Talent Support Program(PXM2018_014212_000043)。
文摘Through extensive access to party history materials,combined with professional knowledge,the existing red resources in Shanghai are studied from multi-dimensional,multi-level and multi-integration perspectives,to learn party history from a new perspective.Through ArcGIS platform,the geographical distribution of red resources in Shanghai urban area is analyzed,and classification analysis,kernel density analysis and accessibility analysis are carried out according to resource types,grade of patriotism education base and grade of heritage preservation.The existing red resources in Shanghai urban area are evaluated,and the optimization suggestions are put forward.
基金Beijing Natural Science Foundation(8202017)2018 Beijing Municipal University Academic Human Resources Development—Youth Talent Support Program(PXM2018212-000043)National Natural Science Foundation of China(31570699).
文摘Community walking space is the most used space in residents’daily life,such as commuting and walking,and is also the most basic type of space for outdoor activities.The microclimatic environment of walking space not only affects the health status of residents,but also determines the service effi ciency of outdoor public space.Based on actual measurement and simulation of microclimatic environment,the status quo of walkability of microclimatic environments in six typical communities is evaluated by quantitative methods,and general problems and optimization suggestions are put forward,in order to provide new ideas for future community environment transformation.
基金Sponsored by General Project of Natural Science Foundation of Beijing City(8202017)Youth Talent Support Program of 2018 Beijing Municipal University Academic Human Resources Development(PXM2018_014212_000043)。
文摘As one of the methods of urban environmental assessment,sensitivity assessment of urban climatic environment can accurately reflect the problem areas of current urban climate and built environment through visual means,and help cities to carry out sustainable transformation and renewal in the stock era to optimize the living environment.Taking the central urban area of Beijing as the research object,the sensitivity of climatic environment was evaluated by meteorological data and built environment element data.The results showed that the distribution of sensitive units showed a centrifugal radiation pattern of"high in the center and low in the periphery".Block units with high climate sensitivity were mostly concentrated in Xicheng District and Dongcheng District,accounting for 93%of the total number of units.Further research showed that complex built environment and lack of elements to regulate climatic environment were the main reasons for the poor local climatic environment in the region with high climate sensitivity.Finally,a comprehensive evaluation of the remolding capacity,renewal potential and future development intensity of different grades of climate sensitive units was given.The results will provide scientific reference for urban renewal and reconstruction under climatic and environmental changes,so as to promote urban sustainable development and improvement of living environment.
文摘This paper presents a global methodology to compute wind flow in complex urban areas in order to assess wind pedestrian comfort, wind energy, wind safety or natural ventilation potential. The numerical tool presented here is composed of a CFD soft-ware suite covering both regional scale (20 km) and urban scale (1km), and able to model the wind in any complex terrains and in large urban environments. Examples are presented in the paper in order to show the advantages of the methodology for urban designers.
文摘Interference control can be realized by selecting the antenna' s electrical and engineering parameters such as gain and radiation pattern, height, azimuth and downtilt to directly influence the field intensity distribution of radio signals and effectively and reasonably distribute the electro-magnetic energy. This paper discusses how to select an antenna for a densely populated urban area. The discussion is based on the simulation platform of ZTE ' s WCDMA planning system.