How Urban Public Service Affects the Well-Being of Migrant Workers:An Empirical Analysis Based on the Theoretical Perspective of Social Comparison Theory

Government city management is facing higher requirements with the development of the number of migrant workers.Therefore,improving their subjective well-being is a significant practical problem that the government must consider in public governance.This research discusses the influence of public service satisfaction on the well-being of urban migrant workers from the perspective of social comparison theory and the role of the sense of social equity and social conflict in the process of this influence.Using the structural equation modeling and moderated mediating mechanism analysis,the results show that:(1)the satisfaction of social and economic public service significantly and positively affects subjective well-being.(2)The sense of social equity completely mediated the influence of the satisfaction of public social service on well-being and partly mediated the influence of the satisfaction of public financial service on well-being.(3)The sense of social equity and conflict have a moderated mediating effect for social and economic public service satisfaction on well-being.Finally,the article concludes with some suggestions to improve the well-being of migrant workers based on the conclusion of the study.

Construction Strategies of Social Security System for Wan-jiang Urban Belt's Migrant Workers

Theoretical debate and practice exploration on social security of migrant workers were introduced.The political direction and security layer on social security for migrant workers in Wan-jiang urban belt were analyzed:the first layer is to implement wage payment guarantee and employment injury insurance;the second layer is to emphasize serious disease insurance and endowment insurance;the third layer is unemployed insurance and social assistance.The primary strategy of building a social security system for migrant workers in Wan-jiang urban belt was put up:wage payment guarantee system that is united in certain regions should be promoted;employment injury insurance system that is undertaken by enterprises should be built;a social health care system for serious diseases should be set up;multi-layers endowment insurance system for migrant workers should be created;vocational training and training in how to start a business should be built as well as the unemployment insurance system;social assistant system based on the basic cost of living allowances should be set up.

New-generation Migrant Workers' Urban Adaptation: A Case Study of Jianggan District in Hangzhou City

New-generation migrant workers are the " elite" among migrant workers,and whether they can really adapt to the city is one of the real problems to be urgently solved during China's new urbanization,related to the success of new urbanization construction. From the perspective of livelihood capital,this paper uses the measuring indicators in line with the new-generation migrant workers' livelihood characteristics,to analyze the typical characteristics and causes of new-generation migrant workers' urban adaptation in Jianggan District of Hangzhou City based on field survey data. In the study,it is found that the new-generation migrant workers' urban adaptation characteristics are focused on life adaptation,work adaptation and cultural adaptation,but the adaptation in the three areas is not good and there is a big room for improvement.

Analysis of Public Goods Supply of New Generation Migrant Workers' Urban and Rural Double Marginalization

Status quo of urban and rural public goods supply in China is analyzed.Firstly,public goods supply in rural areas is inadequate,for example,inadequate supply of agricultural infrastructure,lack of expenditure in agricultural science and technology,problems of rural drinking water safety,problems of rural roads and transportation,low levels of health care,weak rural public culture,short supply of farmers' education.Secondly,the system and level of urban public goods provision can't meet migrant workers' demand,for example,less migrant workers are employed by the governments' direction;migrant workers are isolated by urban housing project and these workers have difficulty in receiving city social security.One reason of new generation migrant workers facing the double marginalization of rural and urban crisis is that urban and rural public goods supply are different in particular the inadequate supply of public goods in rural areas.Three countermeasures are put forward in order to relieve new generation migrant workers' double marginalization of urban and rural,which include increasing financial input in rural areas in order to achieve equalization of urban and rural public goods,perfecting the preferential agricultural policy to increase rural public goods supply,making urban public goods supply as a guide to promote the new generation migrant workers into the city.

The Social Assistance of Migrant Workers and the Urban Minimum Living Security System

The surplus rural labors transferring to the city is an inevitable trend in the economic development of the reform and opening up. The household register system has made urban migrant workers free from the social security system and drift on the brink of city. Social assistance system concerning their interests is few. This article starts with the current situation of rural migrant workers in social assistance system, states the necessity and feasibility for bringing the migrant workers into the urban minimum living security system and according to the characteristics of the migrant workers on the reasonable classification, finally talks about existing obstacles and countermeasures of the migrant workers joining into the urban low income system. I believe that with the continuous reform of the registered permanent household register system, the continuous development of urbanization, the basic life of migrant worker will be guaranteed.

An Empirical Study of the Influence of Migrant Workers' Individual Decisions concerning "Change from Rural Residents to Urban Residents" in Chongqing City

This paper,from the city integration perspective,analyzes the main beneficiaries who benefit from the household registration system reform,and studies the influence of individual decisions about the transfer from agriculture to non-agriculture. Based on it,this paper makes an empirical research by using the survey data about migrant workers in Chongqing. The research findings are as follows:( i) The urban employment,the living condition and the rural connection have a significant impact on migrant workers' transfer decision;( ii) If the value of those factors( such as the working stability,the family income,the urban house condition and the urban social security) is higher,then the migrant workers who have no economic interest in rural areas are better able to integrate into the urban areas,therefore the inclination to transfer the household registration from agriculture to non-agriculture will be much stronger. It is proposed that we should do some significant things,such as enhancing the investment of security housing,bringing the migrant workers into the city housing accumulation fund system and giving them prior allocation right,perfecting land elastic exit mechanism,creating a harmonious employment environment,which are important strategies promoting migrant workers to integrate into the urban areas and affecting their individual decision about transferring from agriculture to nonagriculture.

Research on social medical insurance of migrant workers --A case of Suqian city in Jiangsu province

City migrant workers, as one part of the city＇s development, economic development and other aspects of urban to make a great contribution, but the delay with the local residents do not enjoy the same level of medical care treatment is always blocked in outside the city＇s health care system, have less relevant departments, there is no practical system introduced regulations and policies, these things tell us to pay attention to the people, and the introduction of appropriate medical insurance of migrant workers possibly things, and timely medical security system of such groups and the local people medical protection for long support. Make medical insurance system can cities try it＇s best to help foreign workers Medicare, Medicare for the development of China has made a modest contribution.

新型城镇化背景下心理健康对农民工城市融入的影响

提升农民工心理健康水平和促进农民工城市融入是推进新型城镇化的应有之义。文章基于2427份农民工微观调查数据,构建系统全面的指标,利用因子分析、OLS回归、分位数回归方法,研究心理健康对农民工城市融入的影响。结果发现,积极向上的心理状态能够有效地促进农民工城市融入,消极负面的心理状态不利于农民工的城市融入。在不同的分位点,心理健康对城市融入的影响有较大差异。此外,年龄、受教育程度、婚姻状况、父母随迁状况、家庭中在外一起务工人数等控制变量对农民工的城市融入产生显著影响。在研究结论基础上,提出在促进农民工融入城市过程中,相关部门应当关注、重视农民工心理健康问题,采取保障措施、改善其心理健康状况;针对不同融入度的农民工,差异化制定提升心理健康水平措施,帮助农民工更好地融入城市。

China's next giant:Urbanized migrants as new consumers

By examining the urbanization process underway in China, this paper predicts potential consumption expansion andits sustainability in the next decade and beyond.In years past, China’s urbanization pattern has transformed fromsemi-inclusive to inclusive, embodied in the better inclusion of migrant workers and their families under the umbrellaof public services and changes in household registration (hukou) identity.This trend is expected to create a giant newconsumer group in 10 years; 2020 is the target year the Chinese leadership has set for achieving a better-off society.Inthis paper we examine this by summarizing existing research.

新生代农民工举家迁移对教育支出的影响研究

基于中国家庭追踪调查数据和实地调研发现:存在子女随迁现象的新生代农民工家庭均为举家迁移。举家迁移显著增加家庭教育支出,随迁子女数与家庭教育支出显著正相关。家中既有男孩又有女孩的举家迁移家庭教育支出显著增加,家中只有男孩的家庭教育支出显著高于家中只有女孩的家庭。相比中部和东部,西部新生代农民工举家迁移显著增加家庭教育支出。建议积极落实“两为主”“两纳入”“两统一”“同城化”等随迁子女教育政策,切实减轻农民工家庭教育负担;统筹义务教育资源均衡配置,努力缩小教育区域化差异;完善户籍制度和流动人口服务体系,衔接城乡有关社会保障与福利政策,促进农民工随迁家庭整体市民化。

农民工市民化影响城乡融合发展的理论阐释与实证分析

将农民工市民化与城乡融合发展纳入统一分析框架,在构建城乡融合发展进程评价指标体系和计算农民工城市融入工资测算农民工市民化程度的基础上,基于2009—2021年省级面板数据,构建双向固定效应模型,实证检验农民工市民化对城乡融合发展的影响。研究发现:推进农民工市民化能够显著促进城乡融合发展;分区域看,农民工市民化对城乡融合发展的促进作用在中西部地区更加明显;通过加快农业现代化、加快农村现代化、促进基本公共服务均等化以及提高新型城镇化质量等作用渠道推进农民工市民化促进城乡融合发展。

劳动权益保障、政府信任与高龄农民工的城市融合

基于调研数据,本文考察了劳动权益保障对高龄农民工城市融合的影响机制。实证结果显示,工资拖欠、工伤纠纷、劳动合同纠纷等劳动权益受损事件均会显著影响高龄农民工城市融合程度。对劳动权益纠纷解决过程的进一步考察发现:第一,劳动权益受损事件发生后,当高龄农民工对维权过程解决较为满意时,其城市融合程度显著高于没有发生过劳动权益纠纷者;第二,政府部门主导解决劳动权益纠纷对高龄农民工城市融合具有一定的“放大效应”。当高龄农民工对维权解决过程满意时,解决过程中的政府干预会显著提高其城市融合程度;当其对维权解决过程不满意时,解决过程中的政府干预反而使其城市融合程度下降的幅度更大。因此,本文认为应健全源头预防,杜绝劳动权益纠纷事件发生;建立农民工劳动权益保护协调机制;强化政府责任意识,属地监管、多部门协同,发挥政府在高龄农民工劳动权益保障工作中的积极作用。

新老世代农民工城市融入差异化比较研究——基于CSS2021数据的分析

以新、老世代农民工城市融入为研究对象,从经济、制度、社会和心理四个维度构建农民工城市融入水平指标,通过实证分析探讨影响两代农民工城市融入差异的因素。结果表明,农民工城市融入水平存在代际差异。其中,经济资本是新、老世代农民工城市融入差异的最重要影响因素,人力资本对新生代农民工的影响大于老一代农民工,社会资本和心理资本则对老一代农民工的影响更大。由此,应该从提高农民工收入水平、提升农民工工作技能、培育社会资本和增强农民工对城市的归属感等方面推动农民工加快城市融入,促进城镇化发展。

面向城市一线务工人员的保障性租赁住房区位选址研究

大力发展保障性租赁住房是我国“十四五”时期住房建设的重点,关注城市一线务工人员的住房保障需求,尤其是建设供给符合这类人群住房特征需求的租赁住房,成为目前亟待解决的问题。在总结国内外面向这类人群住房供应相关经验的基础上,基于对建筑、环卫、绿化养护、快递等行业的城市一线务工人员的问卷调查,分析总结这类人群的住房区位共性需求,构建了生活性、便利性、经济性、发展性四维度加权总和的区位选址模型,利用上海市的相关数据进行实证分析,提出要紧密结合就业机会区域、优先考虑在社会经济密度比较集中、交通条件比较好的地段镶嵌式散点状形成此类保障住房空间供应,并合理控制每处供应规模;在房源分配管理上要因时因地动态调整提高区位房源供给的适配性,此外还应整合多方管理服务的配套支持,提高保障供应效果,实现住房保障发展的初衷和城市化发展的战略目标,为政府住房保障部门在面向城市一线务工人员的保障性租赁住房项目中的选址评估与审批提供参考。

新生代农民工的家庭再生产与乡村发展——基于打工地和输出地的城乡多点研究

新生代农民工“离土出村”之后,其家庭再生产安排深刻影响乡村发展。基于打工地和输出地的城乡多点研究发现,由于打工城市的排斥,新生代农民工将家庭再生产嵌入乡村社会,形成代际联系紧密的直系留守家庭,通过拓展留守家庭经营、为下一代加盖房屋等促进了乡村发展。然而,近年来农民工输出地的县域城镇化提供了新的家庭再生产空间,很大一部分新生代农民工的家庭再生产发生上移,家庭劳动力和家庭经济资源从乡村抽离,造成留守家庭规模锐减、经营萎缩、盖房停滞等乡村空心化现象。与此同时,大量新生代大龄单身男工因难以实现家庭化而陷入家庭再生产残缺,与留守家庭的联系逐渐疏离,不愿参与留守家庭经营和房屋营建,导致农地抛荒、房屋破败、照护危机等乡村发展困境。本研究有助于修正新生代农民工“离土出村”造成乡村空心化的线性变革观点,突显家庭再生产分析对理解其与乡村发展的复杂关系的重要意义。

义务教育可及性对农民工居留意愿的影响

利用2017年中国流动人口动态监测调查(CMDS)数据,结合地级及以上城市特征数据,以义务教育阶段子女随迁作为义务教育可及性的代理变量,研究了义务教育可及性对农民工居留意愿的影响。研究发现:义务教育可及性显著促进了农民工的居留意愿;社会融入是义务教育可及性影响农民工居留意愿的一个重要机制;义务教育可及性对农民工居留意愿的影响在有小学阶段子女、低学历和跨省流动农民工群体中更大;相对于超大特大城市和中小城市,义务教育可及性对在大城市居留的农民工影响更明显。

县域农民工市民化意愿分析与应对措施

由于巨量的人口及产业的异质性,我国农民市民化在空间上可能要走一条“农民—县域农民工市民化—中心城市农民工市民化”的中国特色农民市民化道路。中心城市的多重挤压、新型城镇化、乡村振兴战略都使县域成为农民工市民化的重要途径。但事实是,作为县域农民工市民化主要推动者的地方政府,出于对承受农民工市民化的社会成本的考量,动力不足,但迫于行政压力,不得不勉力为之;企业虽动力不足但并非没有意愿参与;农民工虽然最有动力进城生产生活,但对进城有后顾之忧。因此,除完善户籍制度、提升县域基础设施和公共服务的承载力外,以顶层设计为导向,解决就业问题是县域农民工市民化的根本;解决住房问题是县域农民工市民化的关键;保留农村“三权”是县域农民工市民化的定心丸。

农民工语言能力对城市融入的影响——以广州市农民工为例

基于问卷调查和深度访谈,考察了广州市及邻近地区农民工的语言能力及其对城市融入的影响。研究发现,大多数农民工的普通话水平较高,务工地方言水平较低,学习务工地方言的意愿较低。普通话和务工地方言能力在促进农民工城市融入的路径上存在差异:普通话具有保障沟通交流的工具价值,有助于提高农民工的经济收入;务工地方言在促进经济适应方面的作用较小,但具有沟通和文化认同的双重价值,有助于农民工与本地居民在社交层面的情感交流,提高他们对城市的喜爱程度,从而促进他们的城市融入。

基本公共服务均等化与农民工城市永久迁移意愿

利用2017年中国流动人口动态监测调查C、D卷数据,以城市居民作为参照系,从就业、健康医疗、社会保障、子女教育四个维度构建农民工基本公共服务均等化测度指标体系,并探究基本公共服务均等化对农民工城市永久迁移意愿的影响及作用机制。研究发现,基本公共服务均等化显著提高了农民工城市永久迁移意愿、制度性永久迁移意愿和事实性永久迁移意愿,尤其是健康医疗和社会保障维度公共服务均等化可显著提高农民工城市永久迁移意愿和事实性永久迁移意愿,制度性永久迁移意愿的提高则有赖于健康医疗维度公共服务均等化。机制检验表明,基本公共服务均等化可通过提高农民工城市人身份认同、职业地位以及增进与本地人社会交往,进而提高农民工城市永久迁移意愿;异质性分析发现,基本公共服务均等化更能提高省内流动、家属随迁、受雇农民工城市永久迁移意愿。文章认为,保障农民工的公民权利,均等化地为其提供基本公共服务是推进以人为核心的新型城镇化发展的关键。

论新世纪《人民文学》城乡叙述的演变

随着我国城市化进程的加快,新世纪以来的城乡关系发生了较之以往更为明显的重组与变化,以反映现实生活为宗旨的《人民文学》将城乡关系变迁纳入叙述视野。从历时发展角度看,新世纪《人民文学》的城乡叙述经历了知识分子的底层书写、打工作家“在场”写作和“非虚构”的城乡书写三个阶段,可通过考察新世纪《人民文学》城乡叙述的演变过程,以明晰文学期刊与文学叙事潮流的内在性关联。