Concomitant treatment of ureteral calculi and ipsilateral pelvic sciatic nerve schwannoma with transperitoneal laparoscopic approach: A case report

BACKGROUND Schwannomas are rare peripheral neural myelin sheath tumors that originate from Schwann cells.Of the different types of schwannomas,pelvic sciatic nerve schwannoma is extremely rare.Definite preoperative diagnosis of pelvic schwannomas is difficult,and surgical resection is the gold standard for its definite diagnosis and treatment.CASE SUMMARY We present a case of pelvic schwannoma arising from the sciatic nerve that was detected in a 40-year-old man who underwent computed tomography for intermittent right lower back pain caused exclusively by a right ureteral calculus.Subsequently,successful transperitoneal laparoscopic surgery was performed for the intact removal of the stone and en bloc resection of the schwannoma.The total operative time was 125 min,and the estimated blood loss was inconspicuous.The surgical procedure was uneventful.The patient was discharged on postoperative day 5 with the simultaneous removal of the urinary catheter.However,the patient presented with motor and sensory disorders of the right lower limb,caused by partial damage to the right sciatic nerve.No tumor recurrence was observed at the postoperative appointment.CONCLUSION Histopathological examination of the specimen confirmed the diagnosis of a schwannoma.Thus,laparoscopic surgery is safe and feasible for concomitant extirpation of pelvic schwannomas and other pelvic and abdominal diseases that require surgical treatment.

Extracorporeal shock-wave versus pneumatic ureteroscopic lithotripsy in treatment of lower ureteral calculi

Aim: To compare the efficacy and complications of extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy (SWL) and pneumatic ureteroscopic lithotripsy (URS) in the treatment of lower ureteral calculi. Methods: From August 1997 to June 1999, 210 patients with calculi in the distal third of the ureter were treated with SWL and the other 180 with URS. The stones were fragmented with either HB-ESWL-V lithotripter or JML-93 pneumatic lithotripter through Wolf 7.5～9.0 Fr ureteroscope. The outcome was assessed in terms of stone clearance rate, re-treatment rate and complication incidence. Results: The stone clearance rate was 78.1% with SWL and 93.3 % with URS (P<0.05). SWL had a re-treatment rate of 11.9 %, vs 2.2 % in the URS group (P<.05). URS caused ureteral perforation in 3.3% of patients, while it was 0 with SWL (P<0.05). The differences in the incidence of other complications such as infection and stricture between the two groups were insignificant. Conclusion: Though the selection of these two options depends on equipments available and the expertise of the operator, we recommend URS as the optimal treatment for distal ureteral calculi. (Asian J Andro12002 Dec, 4: 303-305)

Role of Removing Stasis and Reducing Heat Formula in Clearance of Proximal Ureteral Calculi after Ureteroscopic Ho:YAG Laser Lithotripsy: A Prospective Randomized Study

Objective To prospectively evaluate the efficacy of Removing Stasis and Reducing Heat Formula in accelerating calculus clearance and improving lower urinary tract symptoms of patients with proximal ureteral calculi after ureteroscopic Ho:YAG laser lithotripsy. Methods A total of 138 patients with proximal ureteral calculi underwent ureteroscopic Ho:YAG laser lithotripsy by a single endocrinologist. Stone size varied from 10 to 15 mm. After operation, the patients were randomly divided into three groups: the control group(group A), tamsulosin group(group B), and Removing Stasis and Reducing Heat Formula group(group C). The treatment lasted for 4 weeks or until stone clearance. The primary and secondary outcomes of the three groups at follow-up were assessed. Results Of the 131 patients available for follow-up, 44 cases were in the group A, 45 in the group B, and 42 in the group C, respectively. The stone free rate at 2 weeks in the groups B and C were significantly higher than that in the group A(95.56%, 97.62% vs. 79.55%; all P<0.05). The ureteral colic rate and mean time of fragment expulsion were significantly reduced in the groups B(4.44% and 7.86±4.99 days) and C(2.43% and 6.76±4.37 days) compared with the group A(22.73% and 11.54±9.89 days, all P<0.05). On the day of double-J ureteric stent removal, the group C differed significantly from the group A in the total International Prostate Symptom Score, irritative subscore, obstructive subscore, and quality of life score(all P<0.05). Conclusion Removing Stasis and Reducing Heat Formula in the medical expulsive therapy might be an effective modality for patients with calculus in the proximal uretera after ureteroscopic Ho:YAG laser lithotripsy.

Ureteroscopic Holmium:YAG Laser Lithotripsy for Managing Ureteral Calculi (A Report of 168 Cases)

Summary: The effectiveness and safety of ureteroscopic holmium:YAG laser lithotripsy for managing ureteral calculi was evaluated. Ureteroscopic holmium:YAG laser lithotripsy was performed in 168 ureteral calculi (upper 27 cases, middle 33 cases and lower 108 cases). The results showed that the stone-free rate was 92.6 % in the upper ureteral calculi, 93.9 % in the middle ureteral calculi and 94.4 % in the lower ureteral calculi, respectively. The complication rate was 4.8 % (8 cases). It was suggested that ureteroscopic holmium:YAG laser lithotripsy is a highly effective and safe treatment modality for managing ureteral calculi.

Evaluation of Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy in the Management of Renal and Ureteral Calculi

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of extracorporeal lithotripsy in the management of renal and ureteric calculi in a urology center in Douala, Cameroon. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study carried out over six years, between January 2014 and December 2020. All the patients were treated using a Direx Integra lithotripter, with the number of shockwaves ranging from 1200 to 3500, without anaesthesia and were discharged a few hours after the procedure on the same day. In a majority (63.75%) of the cases, the calculi were incidental findings. A Double-J stent was indicated in two patients and preceded extracorporeal lithotripsy because of renal colic and signs of urinary tract infection. Results: We recruited a total of 122 patients with a mean age of 42.19 ± 13.08. We had 65 (53.3%) males and all patients had at least one calculus confirmed by CT scan with a mean size of 13.84 ± 4.17 mm, 85 (69.7%) patients became completely stone-free after a maximum of four sessions of extracorporeal lithotripsy (ESWL). 21 (17.2%) patients had intermediate results, being asymptomatic and/or having less than three residual fragments that measured less than 4 mm. The failure rate was 13.9%, with 17 patients still having more than three fragments measuring more than 4 mm after 4 ESWL sessions. 1 (0.8%) had septic shock as a post ESWL complication while 6 (4.9%) benefitted from a complimentary medical and/or surgical treatment (double J stent placement). Conclusion: The management of renal and ureteral calculi through extracorporeal lithotripsy in adults seems to be particularly effective for renal calculi measuring less than 20 mm and ureteral calculi measuring less than 15 mm. Extracorporeal lithotripsy, which can be performed on an outpatient basis (and without anaesthesia) is associated with minimal complications, and remains the option of choice for most upper urinary tract calculi.

Clinical application of flexible ureteroscopic sheath with controllable intraluminal pressure in treating ureteral stones

Objective:The purpose of the study was to assess the clinical efficacy and safety of a combined perfusion suction platform with pressure feedback control function and an ureteroscopic suction sheath that can measure the ureteropelvic pressure in implementing lithotripsies.Methods:Fifty-two patients who underwent lithotripsy under intelligent monitoring of ureteral intraluminal pressure from June 2016 to January 2018 were retrospectively recruited.The inclusion standard was stone diameter>1.5 cm but<2.5 cm.After the 12/14 Fr suction sheath was placed,manometer interface and suction interface of the sheath were connected to the platform via the pressure sensor and suction tube,respectively.The ureteroscope was connected to the platform perfusion pump,and the crushed stones were aspirated out under negative pressure.Results:According to the location of the stone,21(40.4%)cases were classified as upper ureteral stones,19(36.5%)were midureteral stones,and 12(23.1%)were lower ureteral stones.Forty-seven patients underwent successful primary sheath placement and lithotripsy with a mean operative time of 34.5(standard deviation 18.3)min.Retrograde stone migration did not occur.There were eight patients with hematuria postoperatively.Serious complication was 1.9% with one case of ureteral perforation.Stone clearance was 95.7% at Day 1e2 postoperatively,and 100% at Day 30 postoperatively.Conclusion:Ureteroscopic lithotripsy with intelligent pressure control using our device improved the efficiency of the lithotripsy and rate of stone clearance.The safety of the operation can be ensured.It is worth popularization and application in clinical practice.

Changes of serum β2-MG, Cys C and urine mAlb levels in patients with ureteral calculi before and after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy and their clinical significance

Objective:To investigate the changes of serumβ2 microglobulin(β2-MG),cystatin C(CysC)and urine microalbumin(mAlb)levels in patients with ureteral calculi before and after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy and their clinical significance.Methods Sixty-eight patients with ureteral calculi admitted to the hospital between June 2018 and June 2019 were selected as the observation group.35 volunteers who received physical elimination in the hospital during the same period were selected as the control group.Levels ofβ2-MG,Cys C and urine mAlb in the observation group were compared before and after treatment,and compared with those in the control group.Changes in serumβ2-MG,Cys C and urine mAlb levels and renal function indicators[blood urea nitrogen(BUN),serum creatinine(SCr)]in patients with different prognosis in the observation group after treatment were analyzed.The value of serumβ2-MG,Cys C and urine mAlb levels in the diagnosis and treatment of ureteral calculi was analyzed with ROC curve.The correlations between serumβ2-MG,Cys C and urine mAlb levels and renal function indexes were analyzed.Results Serumβ2-MG,Cys C and urine mAlb levels in the observation group before treatment were significantly higher than those in the same group after treatment or those in the control group(P<0.05).Serumβ2-MG,Cys C and urine mAlb levels,BUN and SCr in patients with residual stones were significantly higher than those in patients without(P<0.05).ROC curve analysis showed that the sensitivity and the area under the curve of combined detection of serumβ2-MG,Cys C and urine mAlb levels for evaluating the curative effect of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy on ureteral calculi were significantly higher/larger than those of single detection of the three(P<0.05).Partial correlation analysis showed that serumβ2-MG,Cys C and urine mAlb levels were positively correlated with BUN and SCr(P<0.05).Conclusion There are obvious changes of serumβ2-MG,Cys C and urine mAlb levels in patients with ureteral calculi before and after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy.The combined detection of the three indexes is helpful for the early diagnosis of ureteral calculi and the evaluation of renal function after lithotripsy.They can provide reference for protecting renal function in patients with ureteral calculi treated by extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy.

Effectiveness of Medical Management in Spontaneous Expulsion of Lower Ureteral Calculi: A Prospective Study

Purpose: We evaluated the efficacy of combined drug therapy with alpha1-adrenergic antagonist tamsulosin and corticosteroid deflazocort for conservative expulsive therapy in patients with lower ureteric calculi. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 consecutive symptomatic patients with stones located in the Lower ureter were selected for the study who received oral tamsulosin 0.4 mg daily for 4 weeks and deflazocort 30 mg daily for 10 days and diclofenac IM/Oral on demand. Ultrasound follow-up and medical visits and X ray KUB were performed weekly for 4 weeks. Stone passage rate and time, pain episodes and endoscopical intervention were evaluated. Results: The stone expulsion rate was 87.8%. Mean stone size was 6.5 ± 2.14 mm. Mean expulsion time was 8 ± 1.84 days. Mean pain episodes were 1.50 ± 0.87 days. 11 patients needed intervention for stone retrieval. There was no statistically significant difference between the expulsion rates of right and left ureteral stones (P value = 0.31). Conclusions: Medical therapy with a combination of α1 adrenergic blocker and corticosteroid achieve good stone expulsion rates, lower pain episodes and should be considered in all patients with lower ureteral stones of size less than 10 mm who are not having any contraindications for medical therapy.

输尿管软镜下钬激光碎石治疗输尿管上段结石并发输尿管狭窄的危险因素分析

目的探讨输尿管软镜下钬激光碎石治疗输尿管上段结石并发输尿管狭窄的危险因素。方法选取输尿管上段结石患者988例,根据手术设备不同分为软镜组和硬镜组,比较两组皮质醇(Cor)、C反应蛋白(CRP)水平。软镜组根据术后有无并发输尿管狭窄分为狭窄组和非狭窄组,采用多因素Logistic回归分析输尿管狭窄的危险因素。结果两组术后Cor、CRP水平均高于术前,且软镜组低于同时间硬镜组(P<0.05)。软镜组输尿管狭窄发生率为5.60%。病程、结石直径、结石嵌顿和输尿管损伤是并发输尿管狭窄的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论输尿管软镜对该类患者机体应激反应影响更小,且病程、结石直径、结石嵌顿及输尿管损伤是并发输尿管狭窄的独立危险因素。

超声测量输尿管喷尿参数用于评估保守治疗输尿管单发结石效果

目的观察超声测量输尿管喷尿参数用于评估保守治疗单发输尿管结石的效果。方法前瞻性纳入129例接受保守治疗的单发输尿管结石患者,以治疗后随访1个月内CT或腹部平片未见同侧输尿管结石为成功,否则为失败;比较不同结局患者超声资料,包括结石最大径、侧别、位置、肾盂前后径及输尿管喷尿参数(频率、峰值流速及持续时间);采用多因素logistic回归分析筛选临床结局的独立影响因素;以受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线及曲线下面积(AUC)分析各参数的评估效能。结果保守治疗87例成功(成功组)、42例失败(失败组)。多因素分析结果显示,结石最大径、输尿管喷尿频率、输尿管喷尿峰值流速及输尿管喷尿持续时间均为保守治疗单发输尿管结石成功的独立影响因素(P均<0.05)。ROC曲线显示,输尿管喷尿频率评估效能最高,其AUC为0.858;以1.45次/分为最佳截断值,输尿管喷尿频率评估保守治疗输尿管单发结石临床结局的敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值、准确率及F1值分别为78.57%、83.91%、70.21%、82.17%及0.742。结论超声测量输尿管喷尿参数有助于评估保守治疗输尿管单发结石效果。

输尿管软镜联合末端可弯曲负压鞘治疗长径≥1.5 cm的输尿管嵌顿性结石的临床研究

目的:探讨输尿管软镜联合末端可弯曲负压鞘治疗长径≥1.5 cm的输尿管嵌顿性结石的有效性和安全性并总结临床经验。方法:回顾性分析27例于2023年1月至2024年2月在广西医科大学第一附属医院泌尿外科行输尿管软镜联合末端可弯曲负压鞘治疗长径≥1.5 cm的输尿管嵌顿性结石患者的临床资料。结果:本组病例共27例,男23例,女4例;年龄(48.4±15.4)岁;体质指数(23.7±3.2)kg/m^(2);输尿管结石位于左侧19例,右侧8例;结石CT值(1097.6±268.7)HU;结石长度为(1.8±0.3)cm,宽度为(0.9±0.2)cm;结石位于输尿管上段24例,中段2例,下段1例;合并同侧肾结石5例,无肾结石22例;肾积水(4.7±1.8)cm;术前尿白细胞(-)2例,(+)13例,(++)7例,(+++)5例;25例完成软镜手术,2例术中改变手术方式;手术时间(86.7±46.4)min;住院时间(3.1±1.7)d;术前血白细胞和血红蛋白分别为(8.0±2.4)×10^(9)/L和(135.1±21.4)g/L,术后第1天血白细胞和血红蛋白分别为(8.9±2.5)×10^(9)/L和(135.9±17.8)g/L;术后第1天复查无结石残留22例,有结石残留5例;术后当天体温为(36.2±0.2)℃,无尿源性脓毒血症相关临床表现。结论:输尿管软镜联合末端可弯曲负压鞘治疗长径≥1.5 cm输尿管嵌顿性结石安全、有效,结石清除率较高,并发症发生率较低。

基于知信行理论的延续性护理在输尿管结石术后患者中的应用

目的 探讨基于知信行(KAP)理论的延续性护理在输尿管结石术后患者中的应用效果。方法 选取99例输尿管结石术后患者,根据出院后护理方式不同将其分为观察组(50例)和对照组(49例)。对照组采用常规延续性护理,观察组采用基于KAP理论的延续性护理。比较两组的自我效能、并发症发生率及生活质量。结果 干预1个月后,观察组一般自我效能感量表(GSES)、威斯康星州肾结石生活质量量表(WISQOL)评分均高于对照组(P <0.05)。观察组并发症发生率为6.00%,低于对照组的20.41%(P <0.05)。结论 基于KAP理论的延续性护理可明显提升输尿管结石术后患者的自我效能,降低并发症发生率,改善其生活质量。

可弯曲负压鞘联合一次性输尿管软镜与超微经皮肾镜治疗2~3 cm肾结石的疗效比较

目的 探讨可弯曲负压输尿管软镜鞘(UAS)联合一次性输尿管软镜(FURS)与超微经皮肾镜(SMP)治疗2~3 cm肾结石的治疗效果,为结石患者的治疗选择提供参考。方法 回顾性分析2021年9月—2023年9月于福建中医药大学附属厦门市第三医院行手术治疗的130例2~3 cm肾结石患者的资料,其中采用可弯曲负压UAS联合一次性FURS取石术者68例(UAS联合组),采用SMP者62例(SMP组),比较两组围手术期主要数据指标及术后清石率(SFR)。结果 两组手术均顺利完成,UAS联合组与SMP组术后3 d(88.24%vs.90.32%)及1个月(91.18%vs.93.55%)的总SFR、并发症发生率(5.88%vs.9.67%)比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。对于肾盂肾下盏夹角(IPA)<45°的下盏结石患者,UAS联合组SFR明显低于SMP组(57.14%vs.100%,P<0.05)。UAS联合组较SMP组的手术时间更长[(104.94±8.79)min vs.(77.98±6.60)min,P<0.001]、住院费用更高[(23 112.82±1 152.34)元vs.(21 975.84±1 512.24)元,P<0.001],术后血红蛋白下降值更少[(6.71±2.07)g/L vs.(9.81±4.80)g/L,P<0.001]、术后住院时间更短[(3.28±0.51)d vs.(5.58±0.71)d,P<0.001]。UAS联合组术后6、24、48 h视觉模拟评分(VAS)[(6.38±0.69)、(3.62±0.73)、(3.12±0.33)分]均小于SMP组[(7.87±0.88)、(5.81±0.83)、(3.81±0.60)分],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 对于2~3 cm肾结石两种手术方式均具有较高的SFR,SMP具有手术时间短、住院费用低、下盏结石SFR高等优势,而可弯曲负压UAS联合一次性FURS取石术具有出血少、痛苦小、术后住院时间短等优势。术者可以根据患者病情及其意愿,结合自身经验选择合适的手术方式。

国产一次性电子输尿管软镜联合负压吸引鞘治疗单侧重复肾重复输尿管畸形合并上尿路结石的疗效分析

目的:探讨国产一次性电子输尿管软镜联合负压吸引鞘治疗单侧重复肾重复输尿管畸形合并上尿路结石的有效性及安全性。方法:回顾性分析2018年5月至2023年9月武汉大学人民医院泌尿外科收治的17例单侧重复肾重复输尿管畸形合并上尿路结石的患者资料,该17例患者均采用输尿管软镜联合负压吸引鞘治疗上尿路结石。分析其结石分布、结石大小、手术时间、术中术后并发症、术后住院时间、结石清除率等,并随访患者的术后情况。结果:所有17例患者手术顺利,手术时间27~65 min,平均(43.4±6.7)min,术中术后均未出现输尿管撕裂、穿孔、感染性休克等严重并发症。术后1~3个月复查腹部平片(kidney ureter bladder,KUB)或泌尿系计算机断层扫描(computed tomography,CT),15例患者结石清除,结石清除率15/17(88.24%)。二期手术患者2例,二期手术结石清除率100%。结论:国产一次性电子输尿管软镜联合负压吸引鞘治疗单侧重复肾重复输尿管畸形合并上尿路结石,结石清除率高,手术并发症少,具有良好的有效性及安全性。

酮咯酸氨丁三醇与氢溴酸山莨菪碱在输尿管结石导致的急性肾绞痛患者中的应用效果比较

目的 比较酮咯酸氨丁三醇与氢溴酸山莨菪碱在输尿管结石导致的急性肾绞痛患者中的应用效果。方法 回顾性分析2020年1月至2022年1月于北京市海淀医院急诊外科就诊的166例输尿管结石导致的急性肾绞痛患者的临床资料,采用随机数字法将研究对象分为对照组(肌内注射氢溴酸山莨菪碱,81例)和观察组(肌内注射酮咯酸氨丁三醇,85例)。比较分析两组患者用药前以及用药后30 min、1 h、4 h的疼痛程度,用药后30 min的临床疗效,用药期间的不良反应发生情况。结果 与用药前比较,两组患者用药后30 min、1 h、4 h的视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分均降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。用药前,两组患者的VAS评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);用药后30 min、1 h、4 h,观察组患者的VAS评分均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。用药后30 min,观察组患者的总有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者用药期间的不良反应发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 在输尿管结石导致的急性肾绞痛患者中,与肌内注射氢溴酸山莨菪碱比较,肌内注射酮咯酸氨丁三醇的镇痛效果更好,且不良反应更少。

经皮肾穿刺微造瘘引流术对输尿管结石引起脓毒症患者的效果

目的:探究经皮肾穿刺微造瘘引流术对输尿管结石引起脓毒症患者的效果。方法:选取2020年3月—2022年2月钦州市第一人民医院收治的输尿管结石引起脓毒症的患者73例,依据随机数表法将患者分为对照组(n=36)和观察组(n=37),对照组采用常规碎石引流方法治疗,观察组采用经皮肾穿刺微造瘘引流术。比较两组患者临床指标、治疗前后肾功能、肾积水程度、炎症水平,术后复发脓毒症率和术后并发症发生率。结果:观察组引流成功率高于对照组,手术时间、脓毒症好转时间、住院时间、术后复发脓毒症率和并发症总发生率均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组肾功能、肾积水程度及炎症水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:在输尿管结石引起脓毒症患者应用经皮肾穿刺微造瘘引流术,可改善患者肾功能并降低炎症因子水平,有助于患者后续恢复。

输尿管置管联合钬激光碎石治疗输尿管中下段结石合并前列腺增生的效果及对性功能的影响

目的研究输尿管置管联合钬激光碎石治疗输尿管中下段结石合并前列腺增生的效果及对性功能的影响。方法300例输尿管中下段结石合并前列腺增生患者,根据具体手术方式不同分为试验组(152例)和对照组(148例)。对照组给予钬激光碎石治疗,试验组给予输尿管置管联合钬激光碎石治疗。比较两组围术期情况、国际勃起功能指数5(IIEF-5)评分、射精功能评分表(CIPE)评分、肾功能、临床改善情况及不良反应发生情况。结果试验组失血量(82.34±28.56)ml少于对照组的(103.47±33.58)ml,手术时间(60.66±32.27)min、血尿时间(2.45±0.14)d及住院时间(8.51±0.77)d均短于对照组的(72.55±33.26)min、(3.56±1.10)d、(13.60±1.35)d(P<0.05)。术后,两组IIEF-5、CIPE评分均较术前升高,且试验组IIEF-5评分(9.06±2.41)分、CIPE评分(28.04±3.31)分高于对照组的(8.04±2.25)、(25.16±3.24)分(P<0.05)。术后,两组血清肌酐(SCR)、尿白蛋白(ALB)、血尿素氮(BUN)水平均较术前降低,且试验组血清SCR(68.12±7.14)μmol/L、尿ALB(88.12±23.61)mg/L、BUN(4.19±0.78)mmol/L低于对照组的(75.25±7.32)μmol/L、(106.28±24.62)mg/L、(4.89±0.83)mmol/L(P<0.05)。试验组腰痛、膀胱刺激及尿路梗阻改善时间分别为(9.71±1.28)、(7.51±1.01)、(8.72±1.31)d,均显著短于对照组的(11.31±1.30)、(8.89±1.21)、(10.20±1.50)d(P<0.05)。治疗期间,两组不良反应发生率比较无差异(P>0.05)。结论在输尿管中下段结石合并前列腺增生患者中应用输尿管置管联合钬激光碎石效果显著,可有效改善患者性功能水平。

输尿管软镜与硬镜下钬激光碎石术治疗复杂性输尿管上段结石患者的效果比较

目的:比较输尿管软镜与硬镜下钬激光碎石术治疗复杂性输尿管上段结石患者的效果。方法:回顾性分析2021年7月至2023年2月该院收治的188例复杂性输尿管上段结石患者的临床资料,根据手术方法不同将其分为软镜组(n=94)和硬镜组(n=94)。软镜组给予输尿管软镜下钬激光碎石术治疗,硬镜组予以输尿管硬镜下钬激光碎石术治疗。比较两组围术期指标水平,手术前后氧化应激指标[皮质醇(Cor)、肾上腺素(E)、去甲肾上腺素(NE)]水平,以及并发症发生率。结果:软镜组手术时间、住院时间均短于硬镜组,术中出血量少于硬镜组,碎石成功率高于硬镜组,结石上移率低于硬镜组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后3 d,两组E、NE、Cor水平均高于术前,但软镜组低于硬镜组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);软镜组并发症发生率为4.26%(4/94),低于硬镜组的12.77%(12/94),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:输尿管软镜下钬激光碎石术治疗复杂性输尿管上段结石患者可提高碎石成功率,改善围术期指标水平,减轻机体氧化应激反应,降低结石上移率和并发症发生率,效果优于输尿管硬镜下钬激光碎石术治疗。

输尿管硬镜联合软镜碎石取石术治疗老年输尿管结石的临床效果及术后发生全身炎症反应综合征的危险因素

目的探讨输尿管硬镜联合输尿管软镜碎石取石术(FURL)治疗老年输尿管结石(UC)的临床效果及术后全身炎症反应综合征(SIRS)发生的危险因素。方法选取2018年1月至2022年12月在郑州市第三人民医院接受治疗的老年UC患者共计200例,以随机数字表法分为研究组(n=100)与对照组(n=100),对照组采用半硬性输尿管镜治疗,研究组采用输尿管硬镜联合FURL治疗,对两组一期清石率、围手术期指标及排尿功能进行比较,并统计术后SIRS发生情况,进行单因素分析与多因素Logistic回归分析以明确术后SIRS发生的危险因素。结果研究组一期清石率较对照组更高,术中出血量更少,血尿持续时间更短,但手术时间、住院时间更长,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);与术后1个月相比,两组术后3个月最大尿流量(Qmax)增加,国际前列腺症状评分量表(IPSS)评分下降,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),且研究组术后1个月、3个月的Qmax较对照组更高,IPSS评分更低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);100例患者中,10例发生SIRS,发生率为10.00%;发生组术前白细胞计数(WBC)≥10×10~9/L、术前因结石发热、术中尿液浑浊与脓苔的患者比例较未发生组更高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,术前因结石发热(OR=4.213)、术前WBC≥10×10~9/L(OR=2.122)、术中尿液浑浊与脓苔(OR=3.616)是输尿管硬镜联合FURL术后SIRS发生的独立危险因素,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论输尿管硬镜联合FURL应用于老年UC患者中,能够促进一期清石率提高及术中出血量减少,缩短血尿持续时间,提高排尿功能,但会延长手术时间、住院时间;术前WBC≥10×10~9/L、术前因结石发热、术中尿液浑浊与脓苔均为术后SIRS发生的危险因素。

微通道经皮肾镜取石手术对输尿管上段结石患者的应用效果及SIRS发生率的影响

目的研讨微通道经皮肾镜取石手术(Microchannel Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy,mPCNL)对输尿管上段结石患者的应用效果及全身炎症反应综合征(Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome,SIRS)发生率的影响。方法随机选取2019年8月-2022年12月厦门市中医院泌尿外科收治的100例输尿管上段结石患者为研究对象,按其入院时间顺序分组,对照组(50例)行输尿管镜钬激光碎石术(Ureteroscopic Holmium Laser Lithotripsy,URL),观察组(50例)行mPCNL术,对比两组手术基础指标、血流动力学、结石清除情况、SIRS以及术后狭窄发生情况。结果观察组手术时间较对照组长,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);但其余手术基础指标两组对比较接近,差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。两组手术前后的血流动力学指标对比较接近,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组一次性清石率(96.00%)高于对照组(82.00%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.005,P<0.05);而SIRS以及术后狭窄发生率对比较接近,差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。结论mPCNL术用于输尿管上段结石的处理时间较长,但一次性清石率较高,对患者的血流动力学、术后恢复影响较小,且不增加术后SIRS及狭窄的发生风险。