Objective- To compare the consistency of the results from detecting HIV-1 antibody in the paired urine and serum specimens from drug users by ELISA. Methods: The paired urine and serum specimens from 273 drug users de...Objective- To compare the consistency of the results from detecting HIV-1 antibody in the paired urine and serum specimens from drug users by ELISA. Methods: The paired urine and serum specimens from 273 drug users detained at a detoxification unit were collected, and the HIV-1 antibodies in the specimens of them were screened by urine and serum ELISA kits, respectively. Results: Of 273 serum specimens, 94 ones showed positive reaction and among 94 counterpart urine specimens, 93 ones also appeared positive reaction. Taking the results together,the consistent rate of HIV-1 antibody screened by urine and serum ELISA kits was 99.6%. Conclusion: The urine ELISA kit, which screened HIV-1 antibody of urine showing almost the same results tested by serum ELISA kit, is reliable. It is proposed that urine ELISA be introduced in many fields.展开更多
Objective:Urinary tract infection(UTI)is a common cause of morbidity and hospitalisation in the population worldwide.Upper UTI is indolent and causes subclinical acute kidney injury(AKI)resulting in preventable cause ...Objective:Urinary tract infection(UTI)is a common cause of morbidity and hospitalisation in the population worldwide.Upper UTI is indolent and causes subclinical acute kidney injury(AKI)resulting in preventable cause of scarring of renal parenchyma.We explored urinary and serum levels of kidney injury molecule-1(KIM-1),haematological parameters and quantitative urine microscopy parameters to predict kidney injury.Methods:Neutrophilelymphocyte ratio(NLR)is obtained by dividing absolute neutrophil count with absolute lymphocyte count.Quantitative urine sediment microscopy was performed and correlated with clinical,biochemical and haematological findings to predict AKI in patients with UTI.Quantitative ELISA was performed for serum and urine levels of KIM-1.Seventy two adult patients with UTI were enrolled,45 of whom had AKI while 27 were in the non-AKI group.Results:NLR(p=0.005)and renal tubular epithelial cell-granular cast score in quantitative urine microscopy(p=0.008)are strong predictors of AKI in patients with UTI while rest of quantitative urine microscopy parameters and serum and urinary levels of KIM-1 molecule were not found to be useful in prediction of AKI.Conclusion:NLR in haemogram is a novel and useful biomarker for predicting AKI in patients with UTI.展开更多
Objectives: Evaluation of diagnostic performance of rapid testing of cervico-vaginal fluid (CVF) for fetal fibronectin (FFN) and placental α-microglobulin 1 (PAMG-1) as screening of women presented by threatened pret...Objectives: Evaluation of diagnostic performance of rapid testing of cervico-vaginal fluid (CVF) for fetal fibronectin (FFN) and placental α-microglobulin 1 (PAMG-1) as screening of women presented by threatened preterm labor (TPTL) with intact membranes for duration till getting spontaneous labor (SL). Patients & Methods: 37 women presenting with TPTL underwent CVF samplings before digital examination and then underwent transvaginal ultrasonography for estimation of cervical length (CL). All women received fluid and anxiolytic therapy and if uterine contractions persisted, all had received tocolytic therapy with oral nifedipine or intravenous magnesium sulphate according to requirements. Incidence of SL within Results: Incidence of SL was 13.5%, 35.2% and 51.3% within 48-hr, 2 - 7 and 7 - 14 days, respectively. Duration till labor after sampling was positively correlated with CL, while was negatively correlated with positive FFN and PAMG-1 tests. Positive FFN test had high specificity, while positive PAMG-1 test had high sensitivity for labor within 7 days. Regression analysis defined short CL and positive PAMG-1 test as significant predictors for short duration till SL. ROC curve analysis defined short cervix and positive PAMG-1 test as significant predictors for labor within 48-hr and within 2 - 7 days respectively and combined negative PAMG-1 test and CL of 20 - 25 mm were significant predictors for labor within 7 - 14 days. Conclusion: PAMG-1 test had high specificity, if positive, for predicting SL and high NPP, if negative, for excluding labor within 7 days, so it can be used as rapid adjuvant to clinical evaluation to help management decision-making. Moreover, PAMG-1 test is recommended screening test for being easy-to-use bedside test, provides rapid results, can be used after vaginal exam and coitus and does not require a speculum examination or specialized equipment to analyze results.展开更多
The aim of this work has been to evaluate the aluminium (Al(III)) traces contents in 24-hour urine samples from subjects with different tobacco smoke expositions using a new methodology with 1,4-dihydroxy-9, 10-anthra...The aim of this work has been to evaluate the aluminium (Al(III)) traces contents in 24-hour urine samples from subjects with different tobacco smoke expositions using a new methodology with 1,4-dihydroxy-9, 10-anthraquinone (Quinizarine, QZ) as a fluorosphore. Biological samples were tested using commercial reagent strips and clinical parameters. Al(III) was determined complexing with QZ followed by a solid phase extraction step using Nylon membranes as a solid support. The analyte was subsequently quantified by solid surface fluorescence (SSF, λem= 573, λexc= 490) with a detection limit of 0.88 μg L-1 and quantification limit of 2.69 μg L-1. The calibration curve was linear from 2.69 to 499.13 μg L-1 Al(III) (R2 = 0.9973). Urine samples were successfully analysed with an average recovery close to 100%. Solid phase extraction step showed efficacy to eliminate foreign ions and the highly fluorescent matrix own of urine. Results were validated by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS) with an adequate concordance. The new methodology has low operation cost with simple instrumentation and without organic solvent.展开更多
Objective:To explore biological mechanisms underlying the traditional Chinese medicine theory of 'lung governing the regulation of water passage' by observing effects of mechanical ventilation on urine volume ...Objective:To explore biological mechanisms underlying the traditional Chinese medicine theory of 'lung governing the regulation of water passage' by observing effects of mechanical ventilation on urine volume and related bioactive substances.Methods:A total of 16 male rabbits were randomly divided into control and lung expansion model groups (n =8 per group),which were examined during the following four respiratory intervention stages (10 minutes each):(1) free breathing without any respiratory intervention;(2) lung expansion induced by mechanical ventilator;(3) free breathing without ventilator intervention;(4) cutting of bilateral sympathetic,vagus,and depressor nerves with mechanical ventilation.Data for breathing rate,blood pressure,and urine drops were recorded with a Medlab data acquisition system.Levels of nitric oxide (NO),antidiuretic hormone (ADH),endothelin 1 (ET-1),angiotensin Ⅱ (AngⅡ),prostaglandin E2 (PGE2),and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) were detected in lung tissue,kidney tissue,and serum by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Protein expression of aquaporins 1 and 2 (AQP1 and AQP2) was detected in kidney tissue by immunohistochemistry,while Aqp1 mRNA and Aqp2 mRNA levels in kidney tissue were detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction.Histopathological changes in lung and kidney tissues were examined by hematoxylin and eosin staining.Results:Compared with the control group,number of urine drops during the second and fourth stages is significantly decreased in the model group (P <.05).In addition,NO and PGE2 content in lung and kidney tissues was significantly decreased in the model group (P <.05).ANP content in model group lung and kidney tissues was significantly increased (P <.05),while ET-1 content in these tissues was significantly decreased (P <.05).AngⅡ content in kidney tissue was significantly decreased in the model group (P <.05),while serum AngⅡ content of the animals was significantly increased (P <.05).Expression of AQP1 and AQP2 proteins in kidney tissue was significantly higher in the model group than in the control group (P <.05).No obvious histopathological changes were observed in lung or kidney tissues of animals in either group.Conclusions:Mechanical ventilation reduced urine volume,increased expression of AQP1 and AQP2 in kidney tissue,and altered levels of NO,ADH,ET-1,AngⅡ,PGE2,and ANP in lung tissue,kidney tissue,and serum.These results provide an experimental basis for preliminary studies of mechanisms under pinning the theory of 'lung governing the regulation of water passage'.展开更多
目的观察人参皂甙Rg1对糖尿病肾病大鼠尿蛋白以及炎症因子肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、单核细胞趋化因子蛋白-1(MCP-1)表达的影响。方法将40只雄性SD大鼠随机分为4组:正常对照组、糖尿病模型组、人参皂甙Rg1治疗组、厄贝沙坦(ARB)治疗组...目的观察人参皂甙Rg1对糖尿病肾病大鼠尿蛋白以及炎症因子肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、单核细胞趋化因子蛋白-1(MCP-1)表达的影响。方法将40只雄性SD大鼠随机分为4组:正常对照组、糖尿病模型组、人参皂甙Rg1治疗组、厄贝沙坦(ARB)治疗组。采用链脲佐菌素(65mg/kg)腹腔注射建立糖尿病大鼠模型。于动物处死前1d测血糖,用代谢笼收集24h尿液,记录尿量行24h尿蛋白定量和肾功检查。光镜及电镜观察肾组织的病理变化。采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测血MCP-1、血及肾TNF-α水平;免疫组织化学检测肾脏组织MCP-1蛋白的表达;实时荧光定量PCR(real-ti me PCR)检测肾脏组织中MCP-1、TNF-α基因水平的表达。结果模型组大鼠镜下见肾小球体积增大,基底膜增厚及系膜物质增多,足细胞较正常对照组减少(P<0.01)。两治疗组与模型组分别比较,肾小球基底膜未见明显增宽,足细胞数增加(P<0.05)。两治疗组之间无明显差异。模型组大鼠血糖、24h尿蛋白、血肌酐水平升高,与对照组相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两治疗组与模型组相比,血糖水平无明显变化(P>0.05),但24h尿蛋白、血肌酐水平均有所改善(P<0.05)。免疫组织化学、ELISA和real-ti me PCR结果表明,与对照组相比,模型组MCP-1、TNF-α的表达增加(P<0.05),两治疗组MCP-1、TNF-α表达较模型组减少(P<0.05),但两治疗组无明显差异。相关性分析提示MCP-1、TNF-α水平与24h尿蛋白水平(r=0.7802,0.6963)、肾小球硬化指数(r=0.8296,0.7413)、足细胞基底膜厚度(r=0.7678,0.6701)成正相关(P<0.05)。结论人参皂甙Rg1能降低TNF-α、MCP-1的水平,改善糖尿病肾病大鼠足细胞及肾脏的病理损害,能显著减少糖尿病大鼠24h尿蛋白,具有一定的肾保护作用。展开更多
文摘Objective- To compare the consistency of the results from detecting HIV-1 antibody in the paired urine and serum specimens from drug users by ELISA. Methods: The paired urine and serum specimens from 273 drug users detained at a detoxification unit were collected, and the HIV-1 antibodies in the specimens of them were screened by urine and serum ELISA kits, respectively. Results: Of 273 serum specimens, 94 ones showed positive reaction and among 94 counterpart urine specimens, 93 ones also appeared positive reaction. Taking the results together,the consistent rate of HIV-1 antibody screened by urine and serum ELISA kits was 99.6%. Conclusion: The urine ELISA kit, which screened HIV-1 antibody of urine showing almost the same results tested by serum ELISA kit, is reliable. It is proposed that urine ELISA be introduced in many fields.
基金an Insitutte of National Importance under Ministry of Health and Family Welfare,Government of India,for the Intramural funding for the research study.Project No.95/JIP/Res/Intra-MSc/Phase 2/Grant 3/2016-2017 dated 07.01.2017.
文摘Objective:Urinary tract infection(UTI)is a common cause of morbidity and hospitalisation in the population worldwide.Upper UTI is indolent and causes subclinical acute kidney injury(AKI)resulting in preventable cause of scarring of renal parenchyma.We explored urinary and serum levels of kidney injury molecule-1(KIM-1),haematological parameters and quantitative urine microscopy parameters to predict kidney injury.Methods:Neutrophilelymphocyte ratio(NLR)is obtained by dividing absolute neutrophil count with absolute lymphocyte count.Quantitative urine sediment microscopy was performed and correlated with clinical,biochemical and haematological findings to predict AKI in patients with UTI.Quantitative ELISA was performed for serum and urine levels of KIM-1.Seventy two adult patients with UTI were enrolled,45 of whom had AKI while 27 were in the non-AKI group.Results:NLR(p=0.005)and renal tubular epithelial cell-granular cast score in quantitative urine microscopy(p=0.008)are strong predictors of AKI in patients with UTI while rest of quantitative urine microscopy parameters and serum and urinary levels of KIM-1 molecule were not found to be useful in prediction of AKI.Conclusion:NLR in haemogram is a novel and useful biomarker for predicting AKI in patients with UTI.
文摘Objectives: Evaluation of diagnostic performance of rapid testing of cervico-vaginal fluid (CVF) for fetal fibronectin (FFN) and placental α-microglobulin 1 (PAMG-1) as screening of women presented by threatened preterm labor (TPTL) with intact membranes for duration till getting spontaneous labor (SL). Patients & Methods: 37 women presenting with TPTL underwent CVF samplings before digital examination and then underwent transvaginal ultrasonography for estimation of cervical length (CL). All women received fluid and anxiolytic therapy and if uterine contractions persisted, all had received tocolytic therapy with oral nifedipine or intravenous magnesium sulphate according to requirements. Incidence of SL within Results: Incidence of SL was 13.5%, 35.2% and 51.3% within 48-hr, 2 - 7 and 7 - 14 days, respectively. Duration till labor after sampling was positively correlated with CL, while was negatively correlated with positive FFN and PAMG-1 tests. Positive FFN test had high specificity, while positive PAMG-1 test had high sensitivity for labor within 7 days. Regression analysis defined short CL and positive PAMG-1 test as significant predictors for short duration till SL. ROC curve analysis defined short cervix and positive PAMG-1 test as significant predictors for labor within 48-hr and within 2 - 7 days respectively and combined negative PAMG-1 test and CL of 20 - 25 mm were significant predictors for labor within 7 - 14 days. Conclusion: PAMG-1 test had high specificity, if positive, for predicting SL and high NPP, if negative, for excluding labor within 7 days, so it can be used as rapid adjuvant to clinical evaluation to help management decision-making. Moreover, PAMG-1 test is recommended screening test for being easy-to-use bedside test, provides rapid results, can be used after vaginal exam and coitus and does not require a speculum examination or specialized equipment to analyze results.
文摘The aim of this work has been to evaluate the aluminium (Al(III)) traces contents in 24-hour urine samples from subjects with different tobacco smoke expositions using a new methodology with 1,4-dihydroxy-9, 10-anthraquinone (Quinizarine, QZ) as a fluorosphore. Biological samples were tested using commercial reagent strips and clinical parameters. Al(III) was determined complexing with QZ followed by a solid phase extraction step using Nylon membranes as a solid support. The analyte was subsequently quantified by solid surface fluorescence (SSF, λem= 573, λexc= 490) with a detection limit of 0.88 μg L-1 and quantification limit of 2.69 μg L-1. The calibration curve was linear from 2.69 to 499.13 μg L-1 Al(III) (R2 = 0.9973). Urine samples were successfully analysed with an average recovery close to 100%. Solid phase extraction step showed efficacy to eliminate foreign ions and the highly fluorescent matrix own of urine. Results were validated by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS) with an adequate concordance. The new methodology has low operation cost with simple instrumentation and without organic solvent.
基金This study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81373503).
文摘Objective:To explore biological mechanisms underlying the traditional Chinese medicine theory of 'lung governing the regulation of water passage' by observing effects of mechanical ventilation on urine volume and related bioactive substances.Methods:A total of 16 male rabbits were randomly divided into control and lung expansion model groups (n =8 per group),which were examined during the following four respiratory intervention stages (10 minutes each):(1) free breathing without any respiratory intervention;(2) lung expansion induced by mechanical ventilator;(3) free breathing without ventilator intervention;(4) cutting of bilateral sympathetic,vagus,and depressor nerves with mechanical ventilation.Data for breathing rate,blood pressure,and urine drops were recorded with a Medlab data acquisition system.Levels of nitric oxide (NO),antidiuretic hormone (ADH),endothelin 1 (ET-1),angiotensin Ⅱ (AngⅡ),prostaglandin E2 (PGE2),and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) were detected in lung tissue,kidney tissue,and serum by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Protein expression of aquaporins 1 and 2 (AQP1 and AQP2) was detected in kidney tissue by immunohistochemistry,while Aqp1 mRNA and Aqp2 mRNA levels in kidney tissue were detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction.Histopathological changes in lung and kidney tissues were examined by hematoxylin and eosin staining.Results:Compared with the control group,number of urine drops during the second and fourth stages is significantly decreased in the model group (P <.05).In addition,NO and PGE2 content in lung and kidney tissues was significantly decreased in the model group (P <.05).ANP content in model group lung and kidney tissues was significantly increased (P <.05),while ET-1 content in these tissues was significantly decreased (P <.05).AngⅡ content in kidney tissue was significantly decreased in the model group (P <.05),while serum AngⅡ content of the animals was significantly increased (P <.05).Expression of AQP1 and AQP2 proteins in kidney tissue was significantly higher in the model group than in the control group (P <.05).No obvious histopathological changes were observed in lung or kidney tissues of animals in either group.Conclusions:Mechanical ventilation reduced urine volume,increased expression of AQP1 and AQP2 in kidney tissue,and altered levels of NO,ADH,ET-1,AngⅡ,PGE2,and ANP in lung tissue,kidney tissue,and serum.These results provide an experimental basis for preliminary studies of mechanisms under pinning the theory of 'lung governing the regulation of water passage'.
文摘目的观察人参皂甙Rg1对糖尿病肾病大鼠尿蛋白以及炎症因子肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、单核细胞趋化因子蛋白-1(MCP-1)表达的影响。方法将40只雄性SD大鼠随机分为4组:正常对照组、糖尿病模型组、人参皂甙Rg1治疗组、厄贝沙坦(ARB)治疗组。采用链脲佐菌素(65mg/kg)腹腔注射建立糖尿病大鼠模型。于动物处死前1d测血糖,用代谢笼收集24h尿液,记录尿量行24h尿蛋白定量和肾功检查。光镜及电镜观察肾组织的病理变化。采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测血MCP-1、血及肾TNF-α水平;免疫组织化学检测肾脏组织MCP-1蛋白的表达;实时荧光定量PCR(real-ti me PCR)检测肾脏组织中MCP-1、TNF-α基因水平的表达。结果模型组大鼠镜下见肾小球体积增大,基底膜增厚及系膜物质增多,足细胞较正常对照组减少(P<0.01)。两治疗组与模型组分别比较,肾小球基底膜未见明显增宽,足细胞数增加(P<0.05)。两治疗组之间无明显差异。模型组大鼠血糖、24h尿蛋白、血肌酐水平升高,与对照组相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两治疗组与模型组相比,血糖水平无明显变化(P>0.05),但24h尿蛋白、血肌酐水平均有所改善(P<0.05)。免疫组织化学、ELISA和real-ti me PCR结果表明,与对照组相比,模型组MCP-1、TNF-α的表达增加(P<0.05),两治疗组MCP-1、TNF-α表达较模型组减少(P<0.05),但两治疗组无明显差异。相关性分析提示MCP-1、TNF-α水平与24h尿蛋白水平(r=0.7802,0.6963)、肾小球硬化指数(r=0.8296,0.7413)、足细胞基底膜厚度(r=0.7678,0.6701)成正相关(P<0.05)。结论人参皂甙Rg1能降低TNF-α、MCP-1的水平,改善糖尿病肾病大鼠足细胞及肾脏的病理损害,能显著减少糖尿病大鼠24h尿蛋白,具有一定的肾保护作用。
