Design and Analysis of Sustainable Green Data Center with Hybrid Energy Sources

Development of renewable energy (RE) and mitigation of carbon dioxide, as the two largest climate action initiatives are the most challenging factors for new generation green data center (GDC). Reduction of conventional electricity consumption as well as cost of electricity (COE) with preferred quality of service (QoS) has been recognized as the interesting research topic in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) sector. Moreover, it becomes challenging to design a large-scale sustainable GDC with standalone RE supply. This paper gives spotlight on hybrid energy supply solution for the GDC to reduce grid electricity usage and minimum net system cost. The proposed framework includes RE source such as solar photovoltaic, wind turbine and non-renewable energy sources as Disel Generator (DG) and Battery. A hybrid optimization model is designed using HOMER software for cost assessment and energy evaluation to validate the effectiveness of the suggested scheme focusing on eco-friendly implication.

Chronological Restoration of Fort Frontenac in 3D for Heritage Visualization

This paper is composed of three elements： 3D modeling, web design and heritage visualization on the basis of the chronological restoration of Fort Frontenac in 1673, 1675, 1680, 1685 and 1688, changing from narrow and plain to broad, grand features. The aim is to use computer graphic design to inform and create an interest in historical visualization by rebuilding Fort Frontenac using 3D modeling and interactive design. The final model can be integrated into an interactive website to learn more about the fort＇s historic importance. It is apparent that using computer graphics can save time and money when it comes to historical visualization. Visitors do not have to travel to the actual archaeological buildings and can simply use the web in their own homes to learn about this information virtually. In order to create a sophisticated restoration of archaeological buildings, meticulously assessing historical records will draw viewers into the visualizations, such as the historical world of Fort Frontenac. As a result, the completed restoration allows the viewers to effectively understand the fort＇s social system, habits and historical events.

Energy performance analysis of multi-chiller cooling systems for data centers concerning progressive loading throughout the lifecycle under typical climates

The increasing demand for cooling energy in data centers has become a global concern.Existing studies lack a comprehensive analysis of the energy performance of widely used multi-chiller cooling systems in air-cooled data centers throughout their lifecycle,especially concerning progressive loading.To bridge this gap,this study conducts a thorough assessment of the energy performance of multi-chiller cooling systems throughout the entire lifecycle.Additionally,the impact of climate conditions on the energy efficiency of the cooling systems is analyzed,considering design variations for typical climates.Multi-chiller cooling system models are developed using the test data of cooling equipment and typical control algorithms.The energy performance of the cooling system is thoroughly analyzed under full-range cooling loads and climate conditions.Results show that free cooling time could differ up to 1442 hours at different part load ratios in the same location.Furthermore,the cooling system’s coefficient of performance(COP)varies significantly,by up to 6,at different part load ratios,corresponding to a difference in power usage effectiveness(PUE)up to 0.14.Notably,the average cooling system COP throughout the lifecycle loading is found to be only 11.7,2.9 lower than the design system COP.