Enhanced autophagic clearance of amyloid-βvia histone deacetylase 6-mediated V-ATPase assembly and lysosomal acidification protects against Alzheimer's disease in vitro and in vivo

Recent studies have suggested that abnormal acidification of lysosomes induces autophagic accumulation of amyloid-βin neurons,which is a key step in senile plaque formation.Therefore,resto ring normal lysosomal function and rebalancing lysosomal acidification in neurons in the brain may be a new treatment strategy for Alzheimer's disease.Microtubule acetylation/deacetylation plays a central role in lysosomal acidification.Here,we show that inhibiting the classic microtubule deacetylase histone deacetylase 6 with an histone deacetylase 6 shRNA or thehistone deacetylase 6 inhibitor valproic acid promoted lysosomal reacidification by modulating V-ATPase assembly in Alzheimer's disease.Fu rthermore,we found that treatment with valproic acid markedly enhanced autophagy.promoted clearance of amyloid-βaggregates,and ameliorated cognitive deficits in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.Our findings demonstrate a previously unknown neuroprotective mechanism in Alzheimer's disease,in which histone deacetylase 6 inhibition by valproic acid increases V-ATPase assembly and lysosomal acidification.

V-ATPase与乳腺癌关系的研究进展

乳腺癌是当前女性发病率最高的恶性肿瘤,是女性癌症相关死亡的主要原因[1]。治疗方式主要包括内分泌治疗、抗HER2靶向治疗、放疗、化疗以及手术治疗等。乳腺癌的异质性取决于调节肿瘤发生和发展的复杂分子机制。因此,研究乳腺癌发生、发展的分子机制有助于发现新的诊断标志物和制定新的治疗策略。V-ATPase是一种多亚基酶,在人的生理和病理过程中发挥重要作用,与肿瘤细胞存活和侵袭有关[2]。大多数与癌症相关的死亡是原发性肿瘤转移所致。质膜上的V-ATPases能促进癌细胞侵袭和转移,此作用在人类乳腺癌模型中表现得尤为显著。本文概述V-ATPase可能的作用机制及其与乳腺癌关系的最新研究。

溶酶体V-ATPase调节肿瘤的pH稳态

癌细胞产生大量的细胞质质子,作为异常激活的有氧糖酵解和乳酸发酵的副产物。为了避免细胞内酸化的不利影响,癌细胞激活了促进胞内碱化和胞外酸化的质子清除途径。越来越多的证据表明,除了质膜中一些特殊的离子泵和转运蛋白外,癌细胞溶酶体为此发生重新编程。溶酶体膜上的液泡型H –三磷酸腺苷酶(V-ATPase)的表达和活性增加,且伴随溶酶体体积的增大,大大增加了溶酶体的质子存储能力,从而维持pH梯度逆转,促进癌细胞的生存和生长。本文主要对肿瘤细胞中的溶酶体V-ATPase的作用进行综述。

Peripheral blood RNA biomarkers can predict lesion severity in degenerative cervical myelopathy

Degenerative cervical myelopathy is a common cause of spinal cord injury,with longer symptom duration and higher myelopathy severity indicating a worse prognosis.While numerous studies have investigated serological biomarkers for acute spinal cord injury,few studies have explored such biomarkers for diagnosing degenerative cervical myelopathy.This study involved 30 patients with degenerative cervical myelopathy(51.3±7.3 years old,12 women and 18 men),seven healthy controls(25.7±1.7 years old,one woman and six men),and nine patients with cervical spondylotic radiculopathy(51.9±8.6 years old,three women and six men).Analysis of blood samples from the three groups showed clear differences in transcriptomic characteristics.Enrichment analysis identified 128 differentially expressed genes that were enriched in patients with neurological disabilities.Using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator analysis,we constructed a five-gene model(TBCD,TPM2,PNKD,EIF4G2,and AP5Z1)to diagnose degenerative cervical myelopathy with an accuracy of 93.5%.One-gene models(TCAP and SDHA)identified mild and severe degenerative cervical myelopathy with accuracies of 83.3%and 76.7%,respectively.Signatures of two immune cell types(memory B cells and memory-activated CD4^(+)T cells)predicted levels of lesions in degenerative cervical myelopathy with 80%accuracy.Our results suggest that peripheral blood RNA biomarkers could be used to predict lesion severity in degenerative cervical myelopathy.

The autophagy-lysosome pathway:a potential target in the chemical and gene therapeutic strategies for Parkinson’s disease

Parkinson’s disease is a common neurodegenerative disease with movement disorders associated with the intracytoplasmic deposition of aggregate proteins such asα-synuclein in neurons.As one of the major intracellular degradation pathways,the autophagy-lysosome pathway plays an important role in eliminating these proteins.Accumulating evidence has shown that upregulation of the autophagy-lysosome pathway may contribute to the clearance ofα-synuclein aggregates and protect against degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson’s disease.Moreover,multiple genes associated with the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease are intimately linked to alterations in the autophagy-lysosome pathway.Thus,this pathway appears to be a promising therapeutic target for treatment of Parkinson’s disease.In this review,we briefly introduce the machinery of autophagy.Then,we provide a description of the effects of Parkinson’s disease–related genes on the autophagy-lysosome pathway.Finally,we highlight the potential chemical and genetic therapeutic strategies targeting the autophagy–lysosome pathway and their applications in Parkinson’s disease.

Dysregulation of genes involved in the long-chain fatty acid transport in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

BACKGROUND Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)is an aggressive lethal malignancy with limited options for treatment and a 5-year survival rate of 11%in the United States.As for other types of tumors,such as colorectal cancer,aberrant de novo lipid synthesis and reprogrammed lipid metabolism have been suggested to be associated with PDAC development and progression.AIM To identify the possible involvement of lipid metabolism in PDAC by analyzing in tumoral and non-tumoral tissues the expression level of the most relevant genes involved in the long-chain fatty acid(FA)import into cell.METHODS A gene expression analysis of FASN,CD36,SLC27A1,SLC27A2,SLC27A3,SLC27A4,SLC27A5,ACSL1,and ACSL3 was performed by qRT-PCR in 24 tumoral PDAC tissues and 11 samples from non-tumoral pancreatic tissues obtained via fine needle aspiration or via surgical resection.The genes were considered significantly dysregulated between the groups when the p value was<0.05 and the fold change(FC)was≤0.5 and≥2.RESULTS We found that three FA transporters and two long-chain acyl-CoA synthetases genes were significantly upregulated in the PDAC tissue compared to the non-tumoral tissue:SLC27A2(FC=5.66;P=0.033),SLC27A3(FC=2.68;P=0.040),SLC27A4(FC=3.13;P=0.033),ACSL1(FC=4.10;P<0.001),and ACSL3(FC=2.67;P=0.012).We further investigated any possible association between the levels of the analyzed mRNAs and the specific characteristics of the tumors,including the anatomic location,the lymph node involvement,and the presence of metastasis.A significant difference in the expression of SLC27A3(FC=3.28;P=0.040)was found comparing patients with and without lymph nodes involvement with an overexpression of this transcript in 17 patients presenting tumoral cells in the lymph nodes.CONCLUSION Despite the low number of patients analyzed,these preliminary results seem to be promising.Addressing lipid metabolism through a broad strategy could be a beneficial way to treat this malignancy.Future in vitro and in vivo studies on these genes may offer important insights into the mechanisms linking PDAC with the long-chain FA import pathway.

Recovery of the injured neural system through gene delivery to surviving neurons in Parkinson’s disease

A critical unaddressed problem in Parkinson’s disease is the lack of therapy that slows or hampers neurodegeneration.While medications effectively manage symptoms,they offer no long-term benefit because they fail to address the underlying neuronal loss.This highlights that the elusive goals of halting progression and restoring damaged neurons limit the long-term impact of current approaches.Recent clinical trials using gene therapy have demonstrated the safety of various vector delivery systems,dosages,and transgenes expressed in the central nervous system,signifying tangible and substantial progress in applying gene therapy as a promising Parkinson’s disease treatment.Intriguingly,at diagnosis,many dopamine neurons remain in the substantia nigra,offering a potential window for recovery and survival.We propose that modulating these surviving dopamine neurons and axons in the substantia nigra and striatum using gene therapy offers a potentially more impactful therapeutic approach for future research.Moreover,innovative gene therapies that focus on preserving the remaining elements may have significant potential for enhancing long-term outcomes and the quality of life for patients with Parkinson’s disease.In this review,we provide a perspective on how gene therapy can protect vulnerable elements in the substantia nigra and striatum,offering a novel approach to addressing Parkinson’s disease at its core.

AAV2-PDE6B restores retinal structure and function in the retinal degeneration 10 mouse model of retinitis pigmentosa by promoting phototransduction and inhibiting apoptosis

Retinitis pigmentosa is a group of inherited diseases that lead to retinal degeneration and photoreceptor cell death.However,there is no effective treatment for retinitis pigmentosa caused by PDE6B mutation.Adeno-associated virus(AAV)-mediated gene therapy is a promising strategy for treating retinitis pigmentosa.The aim of this study was to explore the molecular mechanisms by which AAV2-PDE6B rescues retinal function.To do this,we injected retinal degeneration 10(rd10)mice subretinally with AAV2-PDE6B and assessed the therapeutic effects on retinal function and structure using dark-and light-adapted electroretinogram,optical coherence tomography,and immunofluorescence.Data-independent acquisition-mass spectrometry-based proteomic analysis was conducted to investigate protein expression levels and pathway enrichment,and the results from this analysis were verified by real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting.AAV2-PDE6B injection significantly upregulated PDE6βexpression,preserved electroretinogram responses,and preserved outer nuclear layer thickness in rd10 mice.Differentially expressed proteins between wild-type and rd10 mice were closely related to visual perception,and treating rd10 mice with AAV2-PDE6B restored differentially expressed protein expression to levels similar to those seen in wild-type mice.Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome analysis showed that the differentially expressed proteins whose expression was most significantly altered by AAV2-PDE6B injection were enriched in phototransduction pathways.Furthermore,the phototransductionrelated proteins Pde6α,Rom1,Rho,Aldh1a1,and Rbp1 exhibited opposite expression patterns in rd10 mice with or without AAV2-PDE6B treatment.Finally,Bax/Bcl-2,p-ERK/ERK,and p-c-Fos/c-Fos expression levels decreased in rd10 mice following AAV2-PDE6B treatment.Our data suggest that AAV2-PDE6B-mediated gene therapy promotes phototransduction and inhibits apoptosis by inhibiting the ERK signaling pathway and upregulating Bcl-2/Bax expression in retinitis pigmentosa.

Heterogeneity of mature oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system

Mature oligodendrocytes form myelin sheaths that are crucial for the insulation of axons and efficient signal transmission in the central nervous system.Recent evidence has challenged the classical view of the functionally static mature oligodendrocyte and revealed a gamut of dynamic functions such as the ability to modulate neuronal circuitry and provide metabolic support to axons.Despite the recognition of potential heterogeneity in mature oligodendrocyte function,a comprehensive summary of mature oligodendrocyte diversity is lacking.We delve into early 20th-century studies by Robertson and Río-Hortega that laid the foundation for the modern identification of regional and morphological heterogeneity in mature oligodendrocytes.Indeed,recent morphologic and functional studies call into question the long-assumed homogeneity of mature oligodendrocyte function through the identification of distinct subtypes with varying myelination preferences.Furthermore,modern molecular investigations,employing techniques such as single cell/nucleus RNA sequencing,consistently unveil at least six mature oligodendrocyte subpopulations in the human central nervous system that are highly transcriptomically diverse and vary with central nervous system region.Age and disease related mature oligodendrocyte variation denotes the impact of pathological conditions such as multiple sclerosis,Alzheimer's disease,and psychiatric disorders.Nevertheless,caution is warranted when subclassifying mature oligodendrocytes because of the simplification needed to make conclusions about cell identity from temporally confined investigations.Future studies leveraging advanced techniques like spatial transcriptomics and single-cell proteomics promise a more nuanced understanding of mature oligodendrocyte heterogeneity.Such research avenues that precisely evaluate mature oligodendrocyte heterogeneity with care to understand the mitigating influence of species,sex,central nervous system region,age,and disease,hold promise for the development of therapeutic interventions targeting varied central nervous system pathology.

Pan-TRK positive uterine sarcoma in immunohistochemistry without neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase gene fusions:A case report

BACKGROUND The classification of uterine sarcomas is based on distinctive morphological and immunophenotypic characteristics,increasingly supported by molecular genetic diagnostics.Data on neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase(NTRK)gene fusionpositive uterine sarcoma,potentially aggressive and morphologically similar to fibrosarcoma,are limited due to its recent recognition.Pan-TRK immunohistochemistry(IHC)analysis serves as an effective screening tool with high sensitivity and specificity for NTRK-fusion malignancies.CASE SUMMARY We report a case of a malignant mesenchymal tumor originating from the uterine cervix,which was pan-TRK IHC-positive but lacked NTRK gene fusions,accompanied by a brief literature review.A 55-year-old woman presented to the emergency department with abdominal pain and distension,exhibiting significant ascites and multiple solid pelvic masses.Pelvic examination revealed a tumor encompassing the uterine cervix,extending to the vagina and uterine corpus.A punch biopsy of the cervix indicated NTRK sarcoma with positive immunochemical pan-TRK stain.However,subsequent next generation sequencing revealed no NTRK gene fusion,leading to a diagnosis of poorly differentiated,advanced-stage sarcoma.CONCLUSION The clinical significance of NTRK gene fusion lies in potential treatment with TRK inhibitors for positive sarcomas.Identifying such rare tumors is crucial due to the potential applicability of tropomyosin receptor kinase inhibitor treatment.

马氏珠母贝V-ATPase-d基因序列特征及其与耐低温性状的关系

液泡ATP酶(V-ATPase)在生物应对各种环境压力时发挥重要功能,为探究VATPase在马氏珠母贝低温适应过程中的作用,实验克隆了马氏珠母贝的V-ATPase-d基因,采用qRT-PCR技术研究了低温胁迫下Pm-V-ATPase-d表达量的变化,并筛选和比较了该基因在耐低温选育系(low temperature resistant line,R)F_(3)和北部湾野生群体(Beibu Gulf wild population,W)外显子区的SNP位点。结果显示,Pm-V-ATPase-d总长为1473 bp,开放阅读框(ORF)为1140bp,编码379个氨基酸,具有ATP典型的结构域PfamvATPsynt_AC39。Motif分析及三级结构预测结果表明,Pm-V-ATPase-d具有较高的保守性,其在系统进化树中与长牡蛎聚为一支。组织荧光定量结果显示,Pm-V-ATPase-d在所检测的组织中均有表达,在肝胰腺、性腺和鳃组织中表达量较高。在低温胁迫条件下,Pm-VATPase-d基因的表达量随着时间的延长呈现先上升后下降的趋势,且低温组的表达量在5 d内均显著高于对照组,这表明Pm-V-ATPase-d可能参与了马氏珠母贝对温度胁迫的响应;对Pm-V-ATPase-d外显子区的SNP分析共得到35个SNP,其中34个为同义突变,只有一个位点为非同义突变,26个SNP在W和R群体的不同基因型和等位基因之间具有显著差异,单倍型连锁不平衡分析结果显示,Pm-V-ATPase-d基因SNPs可形成6个单倍体块,14种单倍型,其中单倍型GAAT、CGC、TC、TG、AG与马氏珠母贝耐低温性状显著相关。研究表明,Pm-V-ATPase-d可能是参与调节马氏珠母贝低温适应过程中的候选基因,本研究可为马氏珠母贝对低温的适应机制提供研究基础,筛选出的与抗低温性状相关的SNPs及单倍型可应用于分子辅助育种。

Genetic and epigenetic alterations associated with gestational diabetes mellitus and adverse neonatal outcomes

Gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)is a metabolic disorder,recognised during 24-28 weeks of pregnancy.GDM is linked with adverse newborn outcomes such as macrosomia,premature delivery,metabolic disorder,cardiovascular,and neurological disorders.Recent investigations have focused on the correlation of genetic factors such asβ-cell function and insulin secretary genes(transcription factor 7 like 2,potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily q member 1,adipo-nectin etc.)on maternal metabolism during gestation leading to GDM.Epigenetic alterations like DNA methylation,histone modification,and miRNA expression can influence gene expression and play a dominant role in feto-maternal meta-bolic pathways.Interactions between genes and environment,resulting in differ-ential gene expression patterns may lead to GDM.Researchers suggested that GDM women are more susceptible to insulin resistance,which alters intrauterine surroundings,resulting hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia.Epigenetic modi-fications in genes affecting neuroendocrine activities,and metabolism,increase the risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes in offspring.There is currently no treatment or effective preventive method for GDM,since the molecular processes of insulin resistance are not well understood.The present review was undertaken to un-derstand the pathophysiology of GDM and its effects on adverse neonatal out-comes.In addition,the study of genetic and epigenetic alterations will provide lead to researchers in the search for predictive molecular biomarkers.

Autophagy-targeting modulation to promote peripheral nerve regeneration

Nerve regeneration following traumatic peripheral nerve injuries and neuropathies is a complex process modulated by diverse factors and intricate molecular mechanisms.Past studies have focused on factors that stimulate axonal outgrowth and myelin regeneration.However,recent studies have highlighted the pivotal role of autophagy in peripheral nerve regeneration,particularly in the context of traumatic injuries.Consequently,autophagy-targeting modulation has emerged as a promising therapeutic approach to enhancing peripheral nerve regeneration.Our current understanding suggests that activating autophagy facilitates the rapid clearance of damaged axons and myelin sheaths,thereby enhancing neuronal survival and mitigating injury-induced oxidative stress and inflammation.These actions collectively contribute to creating a favorable microenvironment for structural and functional nerve regeneration.A range of autophagyinducing drugs and interventions have demonstrated beneficial effects in alleviating peripheral neuropathy and promoting nerve regeneration in preclinical models of traumatic peripheral nerve injuries.This review delves into the regulation of autophagy in cell types involved in peripheral nerve regeneration,summarizing the potential drugs and interventions that can be harnessed to promote this process.We hope that our review will offer novel insights and perspectives on the exploitation of autophagy pathways in the treatment of peripheral nerve injuries and neuropathies.

AAV-mediated expression of p65shRNA and bone morphogenetic protein 4 synergistically enhances chondrocyte regeneration

BACKGROUND:Adeno-associated virus(AAV)gene therapy has been proven to be reliable and safe for the treatment of osteoarthritis in recent years.However,given the complexity of osteoarthritis pathogenesis,single gene manipulation for the treatment of osteoarthritis may not produce satisfactory results.Previous studies have shown that nuclear factorκB could promote the inflammatory pathway in osteoarthritic chondrocytes,and bone morphogenetic protein 4(BMP4)could promote cartilage regeneration.OBJECTIVE:To test whether combined application of AAV-p65shRNA and AAV-BMP4 will yield the synergistic effect on chondrocytes regeneration and osteoarthritis treatment.METHODS:Viral particles containing AAV-p65-shRNA and AAV-BMP4 were prepared.Their efficacy in inhibiting inflammation in chondrocytes and promoting chondrogenesis was assessed in vitro and in vivo by transfecting AAV-p65-shRNA or AAV-BMP4 into cells.The experiments were divided into five groups:PBS group;osteoarthritis group;AAV-BMP4 group;AAV-p65shRNA group;and BMP4-p65shRNA 1:1 group.Samples were collected at 4,12,and 24 weeks postoperatively.Tissue staining,including safranin O and Alcian blue,was applied after collecting articular tissue.Then,the optimal ratio between the two types of transfected viral particles was further investigated to improve the chondrogenic potential of mixed cells in vivo.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The combined application of AAV-p65shRNA and AAV-BMP4 together showed a synergistic effect on cartilage regeneration and osteoarthritis treatment.Mixed cells transfected with AAV-p65shRNA and AAV-BMP4 at a 1:1 ratio produced the most extracellular matrix synthesis(P<0.05).In vivo results also revealed that the combination of the two viruses had the highest regenerative potential for osteoarthritic cartilage(P<0.05).In the present study,we also discovered that the combined therapy had the maximum effect when the two viruses were administered in equal proportions.Decreasing either p65shRNA or BMP4 transfected cells resulted in less collagen II synthesis.This implies that inhibiting inflammation by p65shRNA and promoting regeneration by BMP4 are equally important for osteoarthritis treatment.These findings provide a new strategy for the treatment of early osteoarthritis by simultaneously inhibiting cartilage inflammation and promoting cartilage repair.

桔小实蝇V-ATPaseG亚基基因的克隆及组织表达特异性分析

空泡型ATP酶(vacuolar-type H+-ATPase,V-ATPase)作为质子泵几乎在所有的真核生物细胞中发挥重要作用。本研究利用RT-PCR和RACE技术获得了桔小实蝇Bactrocera dorsalis(Hendel)V-ATPase G亚基序列全长,命名为BdorATPG。测序结果表明,BdorATPG阅读框全长354bp,编码117个氨基酸。氨基酸序列比对表明,BdorATPG的N端序列与其他物种的ATPG亚基对应区域具有较高的序列一致性。BdorATPG与拟暗果蝇Drosophila pseudoobscura ATPG亚基的氨基酸序列一致性最高,为88.9%。三维结构模建结果表明,BdorATPG N端(第1～59位氨基酸)序列为α-螺旋结构,亲水性和疏水性氨基酸在螺旋两侧呈对称分布。BdorATPG在不同组织中的荧光定量PCR分析表明,BdorATPG在各组织中都有表达,其中在触角中的表达量最高;在雄虫生殖节中的表达量是雌虫中的6.04倍。结果提示BdorATPG可能在雄虫生殖生理过程中发挥重要作用。

玉米V-ATPase B亚基基因(ZmVHA-B)的克隆及其表达分析

根据玉米基因组数据MaizeGDB(http://www.maizegdb.org/)已经公布的玉米VHA-B(V-ATPase subunit B)基因的mRNA序列(AY104180),从干旱处理玉米材料CN165的花丝中利用RT-PCR技术获得VHA-B基因的编码序列,并进行了序列分析和Northern杂交分析。结果表明:VHA-B基因编码487个氨基酸,含有1个保守的ATP结合位点,其编码的蛋白分子量为54.09kD,等电点为4.99。氨基酸同源性分析表明:V-ATPase B亚基是一个较为保守的蛋白亚基。Northern杂交结果表明:在干旱处理下,B亚基存在两个不同的转录本,它们对干旱的响应不同;在盐胁迫下,同样也存在两个转录本,它们都对盐胁迫做出了响应;在冷处理下,仅存在1个转录本,且它的表达较强,仅仅在6h有一些微小地反复;在ABA处理下,也仅存在1个转录本,处理1h后表达明显上调,此后一直保持较高的表达水平。玉米VHA-B基因对花期干旱有响应,但在花丝和雌穗中的表达响应方式不同,在花丝中干旱诱导表达明显,而在雌穗中存在表达没有明显差异的两个转录本。

马蔺V-ATPase c亚基基因家族的克隆及序列分析

植物V-ATPase在逆境条件下的应答功能对保证细胞的正常生命活动具有重要作用。本研究根据GenBank收录的外源V-ATPase c亚基,设计简并引物,以马蔺为材料,通过RT-PCR进行扩增,经测序该片段为471bp,包含V-ATPase基因家族的保守结构域,以该片段为靶序列进行5′-RACE延伸,将产物测序得到186bp的序列,将靶序列与5′-RACE产物进行拼接,根据拼接结果设计特异引物,克隆基因全长读码框。结果表明,得到马蔺VHA-c亚基家族的5个成员,片段全长632bp,包括137bp5′-UTR,开放读码框全长495bp,编码164个氨基酸,分子量约为16kDa,包含4个跨膜结构域。将该基因命名为IrlVHA-c1～c5。

上皮性卵巢癌中V-ATPase与Ki-67的表达及其临床意义

目的探讨液泡膜-ATP酶(V-ATPase)及Ki-67在上皮性卵巢癌(EOC)的表达、临床意义及二者的相关性。方法免疫组织化学染色法检测EOC及正常卵巢上皮组织中VATPase及Ki-67蛋白的表达,分析两者相关性及V-ATPase与EOC临床病理特征、肿瘤发展的关系。结果 V-ATPase蛋白在EOC组织阳性表达率与正常卵巢上皮细胞组织阳性表达率相比(61. 3%vs 12. 5%),差异有统计学意义(P <0. 05)。V-ATPase表达与EOC患者的年龄、病理类型、脉管浸润无明显相关性(P> 0. 05),而与卵巢癌FIGO分期(P=0. 002)、病理分级(P=0. 001)、淋巴结转移(P=0. 020)以及肿瘤大小(P=0. 015)有明显相关性(P <0. 05)。且在EOC中,V-ATPase和Ki-67阳性表达呈正相关性(rs=0. 238,P<0. 05)。结论 V-ATPase在EOC组织中高表达。V-ATPase和Ki-67可能共同参与EOC肿瘤的发生发展,二者结合检测有可能对卵巢恶性肿瘤的临床诊断和治疗有一定价值。

V-ATPase:结构、功能及其在肿瘤细胞中的作用

真核细胞膜及管泡细胞器膜上广泛分布一种与H+主动转运有关的蛋白——V-ATPase。V-AT-Pase的结构由跨膜的V0和细胞质内的V1两个亚单位组成,前者为H+提供通道,后者能分解ATP,为逆浓度梯度转运H+提供能量。V0和V1只有在聚合时,V-ATPase全酶才有功能。肿瘤细胞中V-ATPase的过度表达或过度活跃,遏制了由酵解增强乳酸聚集导致的细胞内酸化趋势,使细胞避免了凋亡的命运。而H+排至细胞外,改变蛋白水解酶的活性,使细胞外基质分解增强,细胞更有侵袭力。肿瘤细胞的V-ATPase可望成为抑制细胞增生、扩散的有效靶点。

V-ATPase在肝细胞癌中的表达及其与浸润转移的关系

目的研究V-ATPase在肝癌组织的表达及其与肝癌浸润转移的关系。方法用RT-PCR和免疫组织化学方法检测肝癌组织中V-ATPase mRNA和蛋白的表达。用癌细胞体外迁移实验观察培养基中加入V-ATPase抑制剂Bafilomycin A1后细胞迁移能力的改变。结果肝癌组织V-ATPase mRNA和蛋白的表达明显强于癌旁组织和正常肝组织。加入Bafilomycin A1后肝癌细胞迁移能力减弱。结论 V-ATPase在肝癌组织高表达并与转移有关,Bafilomycin A1抑制V-ATPase,干扰癌细胞内H+的泵出,削弱癌细胞的迁移能力。