Brief Analysis,Method and Criteria of Technical Translation

In this essay,I will analyse the characteristics of technical texts,the methods for translation based on the former stage of research,criteria for a better translation,and critiques in between.Also,the essay will explore the limitations of Peter Newmark's theory of technical translation and the whole aspect of translation.

Analysis of the trend of translation criteria from the semiotic point of view

During the past two to three decades, developments in the fields of transformational grammar, general and contrastive linguistics, semantics, pragmatics, information theory, anthropology, semiotics, psychology and discourse analysis etc., have produced great influence on general translation theory, enabling the discipline to broaden the areas of investigation and to offer fresh insights into the concept of correspondence on transference between linguistic and cultural systems. Through this essay, the author would like to cast some lights on the relationship between translation and semiotics and tries to predict the developing trend of translation criteria from the angle of sociosemiotics.

The Study on Lin Yutang's Translation from the Perspective of Aesthetics

Since the main purposes of translation lies in expressing to the target readers both the message and the aesthetic value of the source text and making the readers ideologically inspired and aesthetically entertained,Lin Yutang conclusively sum up that the aesthetic criteria in translation should be faithfulness,expressiveness and beauty throughout his translation practices.This thesis mainly focus on the aesthetic criteria of Lin's translation as well as the aesthetic reproduction in his translation which illustrates the unity reached in Lin's translation in terms of both the aesthetic features and the loyalty to the meaning.

A Reception-Theoretic Approach to the Advertising Translation Criterion

This paper explores advertising translation criterion from the perspective of Reception Theory,and presents that the triad of“faithfulness,expressiveness,and closeness”can be adopted as advertising translation criteria with new interpretations,concerning the objective in advertising translation,the prerequisite for efficient advertising translation.

The Application of Memetics to News Headline Translation

本文将从模因选择的视角说明新闻标题翻译的模因框架，并且试图在模因复制四阶段的基础上，运用Heylighen的选择标准作为评价标准，得出准确，清晰，吸引目标语读者的新闻标题。

The Chinese- English Translation of Company Profiles——A Case Study Based on Foreign Trade Companies in Ningbo

As Chinese enterprises are seeking various ways to develop foreign cooperation abroad, the Chinese-English translation of company profiles plays an ever greater role in communication with the whole world. However, a number of the translation versions fail to achieve a satisfactory effect, neglecting target readers' cultural background and their mode of thinking. This thesis intends to make an exploration of differences between Chinese and English company profiles and discuss the pragmatic, cultural and linguistic translation errors appeared in some company profiles of foreign trade enterprises in the city of Ningbo.

On Translation of Business Contract

As the development of the globalization and the foreign trade of our country,especially when our country joined in WTO,the application of business contract is becoming more and more useful. Almost every transaction of international trade are carried out by entering into a contract,so how to handle business contract well is quite important,which requires us to learn how to draft and translate business contract,only so,can we accurately express our idea and standing and can we lessen international business dispute and lower operation cost. The text puts emphasis on the translation of business contract.

The Application of Equivalence Theory in Chinese translation of English films

English film language differs from the written literary language in semantic, vocabulary, pronunciation and intonation.Therefore, the translation of English films should be treated in a different way. The paper tends to discuss the translation of English films under the Equivalence theory and points out the criteria of exactness, naturalness and vividness in film translation as well as the its special requirement for the purpose of giving the audience a better and enjoyable understanding of English films.

An Interpretation of Multiplicity and Complementary of Translation Criterion with Reference to the Study on Two Chinese Versions of Ode to the West Wind

The complexity and various intentions or functions of literary translation cause different literary works.The general criteria tohelp evaluate and guide translators to strive for a good translation could be the traditional three principles,these are faithfulness,fluencyand elegance,but it is also feasible to apply some other subordinate criteria to translate or analyze different literary works.The paper fo-cuses on the analysis of multiplicity and complementary of translation criterion on the poem translation,makes comparison and evalua-tion of Gu Zhengkun's Ode to the West Wind(stanza 4&5) with Zha Liangzheng's version,and proves that flexible application of thistranslation criterion makes the translated version truly different.

A Tentative Study of Cultural Translation from the Perspective of Memetic-adaptation

Memetics is the study about cultural evolution,meme is the basic unit of culture,with language as its main medium,when meme was transmitted across language and culture obstacles,the adaptation theory from pragmatics provides the mechanism and selection criteria for the successfully transmitted meme via the means of translation,thus a memetic-adaptation paradigm for translation studies will be proposed based on memetics and adaptation theory.

基于读者评论的网络翻译文学评价研究——以Wuxiaworld中的《巫界术士》英译为例

近年来网络翻译文学蓬勃发展,然而评价标准的滞后与缺席严重阻碍了其健康发展。学界多从理论与政策层面探讨网络翻译文学评价相关问题,鲜有学者从网络翻译文学作品的读者接受角度分析网络翻译文学评价标准。本文关注近三年Wuxiaworld中已完结译作的历时变化,以Wuxiaworld中最受关注的作品之一《巫界术士》为例,从读者评论角度探讨国际视野下的中国网络翻译文学发展的优势与不足,对比传统文学与网络翻译文学批评的差别,借此梳理网络翻译文学评价中的关键问题。

应用翻译批评标准再探

当前,应用翻译在国际交往与国家建设中的重要性日益凸显,应用翻译研究的内涵与外延也不断扩大,在此背景下有必要对应用翻译批评的独特性进行专门探讨,以推动应用翻译批评话语构建。文章立足于应用翻译文体研究和应用型翻译问题研究对应用翻译批评标准展开相关讨论,认为应用翻译具有追求信息传递效果的目的指向与回应社会发展需求的现实维度;因此,应用翻译批评应遵循现实目的性标准,关注翻译活动中信息传递的实际效果,同时结合翻译目的之非个体性与非主观性两大特征对应用翻译行为进行综合考察和评价。

英译质量与中国英语

翻译既要忠于作者，又要关怀读者，因此翻译标准的两个内在要求便是“忠实”与“顺达”，为此，“异化”与“归化”，“直译”与“意译”便成为达此目标的相应策略与方法。一方面，翻译需要兼顾两端，而不可偏执一隅；另一方面，由于外语学得和习得过程中不可避免地发生第一语言特征向第二语言、外语迁移的现象，因此，从汉译英的角度，英译文本必然呈现出所谓的“中国英语”的特征。由此出发，文章最后论述了必须视翻译的不同情形，相应设定“忠实”与“顺达”这两大翻译标准在译文质量判断时的不同权重。

推动证据向临床转化(八)审查指标的构建

审查指标的构建是一个科学、系统的过程,审查指标应基于现有的证据并结合专业判断,并根据证据的动态发展进行持续更新和完善。本文旨在详细介绍如何构建科学的审查指标,阐述了构建审查指标的意义,描述了审查指标的内涵及类型,分析了审查指标的7大特征及审查指标构建的方法和步骤。在此基础上,提出了构建审查指标的建议。

论儿童文学翻译批评的框架

建立系统、有效的方法论参照框架是儿童文学翻译批评能够理性、健康发展的前提。本文通过对儿童文学翻译批评标准、分析工具、批评参数和批评方法等关键要素的研究探讨建立儿童文学翻译批评的框架。首先,我们结合儿童文学翻译的本质特征和内在要求提出了儿童文学翻译批评的标准——儿童本位的等效翻译,然后确立了基于社会符号学意义理论的翻译批评分析工具,并设立了准确性、可读性和儿童文学性三个具体参数,最后提出了儿童文学翻译批评的方法——综合分析+文本分析结合法。

翻译批评与翻译标准——英汉/汉英翻译测试研究系列(三)

从事翻译批评必须要参照一定的标准，或者说，任何翻译批评都必须依据一定的翻译标准来进行。本文从古今中外翻译标准与翻译研究的对象讨论入手发现，不同的社会需求、不同的翻译内容、不同的翻译目的产生了不同的翻译观念，不同的翻译观念需要有不同的翻译标准、不同的翻译策略和不同的翻译方法，随之形成了不同的翻译质量要求和翻译评估方法。

“信达雅”——箴言化高层级的翻译标准——传统翻译标准的统一及面临的挑战

针对翻译标准,历来是众说纷纭,莫衷一是。严复提出的"信达雅"标准已包含各种翻译标准的内核,且具有箴言化、高层级性等翻译标准承担者的特征,因此,翻译标准应统一于"信达雅"。但随着信息时代的来临,翻译内容发生明显的变化,造成译者态度取向的改变,这使"信"的传统观念受到了严重的挑战。

患者决策辅助工具国际标准4.0版的引进与评估

基于国内决策辅助工具研究缺乏公认统一的质量评价标准,严格遵循评估工具的跨文化引进指南,对患者决策辅助工具国际标准4.0英文版进行引进与评估。研究流程包括翻译、翻译整合、回译、召开专家共识会议确定初稿,进行问卷评估以及共识会议确定终稿。在评估阶段,采用5分制Likert评价表,邀请49名专家从明晰性、重要性和可行性三方面对44个条目进行评分。结果未进行条目增删,在共识会议上结合评估结果与专家意见完善并形成最终条目,使其符合我国语境,并为每个条目编写了案例与注释结合的“内容解读”。中文版评价标准将为国内知识转化学者、决策辅助工具制作与评价研究者提供指导与参考。

涉外导游词翻译的特点及策略

涉外导游词的翻译颇为特殊 ,学者少有探讨。它涉及特殊的文本类型、翻译标准、翻译目的及针对性较强的翻译原则和策略等诸多问题。此类导游词文本是信息文本、表情文本和祈使文本的结合体 ,其翻译特点 (或难点 )是服务对象明确、文化对应词较少和古诗词较多。由于导游翻译重视“现场效果” ,故其标准更应重“达” ,以符合导游语言的职业特点 ;涉外导游词翻译的有效策略是使用不同文化概念词 ,采用铺垫法、补充法或展示法等辅助手段。

翻译学:解构与重建——论哈贝马斯交往行动理论对翻译学的建构性意义

本文指出虽然解构主义翻译研究并非具有建构性意义，但 对翻译学的建立来说 都是必由之路，只有经过解构才能真正走上建构。本文重点指出在翻译学的重建过程中，尤 尔根·哈贝马斯的交往行为理论是极富指导意义的理论。本文作者并根据这一理论提出了新 的翻译标准。