Bioinformatics Analysis on lncRNA and mRNA Expression Profiles for Novel Biological Features of Valvular Heart Disease with Atrial Fibrillation

The biological features of the valvular heart disease with atrial fibrillation(AF-VHD)remain unknown when involving long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs).This study performed system analysis on lncRNA and messenger RNA(mRNA)expression profiles constructed by using bioinformatics methods and tools for biological features of AF-VHD.Fold change and t-test were used to identify differentially expressed(DE)lncRNAs and mRNAs.The enrichment analysis of DE mRNAs was performed.The subgroups formed by lncRNAs and nearby mRNAs were screened,and a transcriptional regulation network among lncRNAs,mRNAs,and transcription factors(TFs)was constructed.The interactions between mRNAs related to lncRNAs and drugs were predicted.The 620 AF-VHDrelated DE lncRNAs and 452 DE mRNAs were identified.The 3 lncRNA subgroups were screened.The 665 regulations mediated by lncRNAs and TFs were identified.The 9 mRNAs related to lncRNAs had 1 or more potential drug interactions,totaling 37 drugs.Of these,9 drugs targeting 3 genes are already known to be able to control or trigger atrial fibrillation(AF)or other cardiac arrhythmias.The found biological features of AF-VHD provide foundations for further biological experiments to better understand the roles of lncRNAs in development from the valvular heart disease(VHD)to AF-VHD.

Clinical, sonographic characteristics and long-term prognosis of valvular heart disease in elderly patients

Background Valvular heart disease(VHD)is expected to become more prevail as the population ages and disproportionately affects older adults.However,direct comparison of clinical characteristics,sonographic diagnosis,and outcomes in VHD patients aged over 65 years is scarce.The objective of this study was to evaluate the differences in clinical characteristics and prognosis in two age-groups of geriatric patients with VHD.Methods We retrospectively enrolled consecutive individuals aged>65 years from Guangdong Provincial Peopled Hospital and screened for VHD using transthoracic echocardiography(TTE)or transesophageal echocardiography(TEE).Finally,260(48.9%)patients were in the 65-74 years group,and 272(51.1%)were in the>75-year group.Factors that affected long-term survival was explored.A multivariable Cox hazards regression was performed to identify the predictors of major adverse cardiac events(MACEs)in each group.Results In our population,the older group were more likely to have chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD),degenerative VHD,but with less rheumatic VHD,aortic stenosis(AS)and mitral stenosis(MS).Compared with those aged 65-74 years,the older group had a higher incidence of all-cause death(10.0%vs.16.5%,P=0.027),ischemic stroke(13.5%vs.20.2%,P=0.038)and MACEs(37.3%vs.48.2%,P=0.011)at long-term follow-up.In multivariable Cox regression analysis,mitral regurgitation,a history of COPD,chronic kidney disease,diabetes,hypertension,atrial fibrillation and New York Heart Association(NYHA)functional class were identified as independent predictors of MACEs in the older group.Conclusion Advanced age profoundly affect prognosis and different predictors were associated with MACEs in geriatric patients with VHD.

Noninvasive Surrogates for Left Ventricular Filling Pressure in Patients with Valvular Heart Disease

Background: Invasive measurement of left ventricular filling pressure is the gold standard for determining diastolic dysfunction and predicting subsequent outcomes. For repetitive assessment of diastolic function during long-term management, noninvasive surrogates are used. Their reliability and reproducibility should be validated separately for different cardiovascular diseases and conditions. The aim of this study was to identify noninvasive surrogates of invasively derived left ventricular filling pressure and to relate these surrogates to outcomes (death or valve replacement) in patients with stable, asymptomatic valvular heart disease and preserved ejection fraction. Materials and Methods: In a first cohort, we investigated 54 patients who had spiroergometry, echocardiography, and left heart catheterization within a range of 100 days. In a second cohort (n = 64), noninvasive measures were related to outcomes after follow-up of 694 ± 576 days. Transmitral doppler E/tissue doppler E’ (E/E’), E/flow propagation velocity (E/Vp), isovolumetric relaxation time/time to E’-time to E (IVRT/TE’-TE), ventilatory efficiency (VE/VCO2slope), O2 consumption at anaerobic threshold and at peak exercise (VO2AT, VO2peak) as well as NT-pro brain natriuretic peptide (NTpro-BNP) were assessed in relation to left ventricular filling pressure and outcome. Results: NT-proBNP, VO2AT, VE/VCO2slope as well as echocardiographic surrogates E/E’ and E/flow propagation velocity were indicators of elevated end diastolic filling pressure. In multivariable analysis, VO2AT was the only independent predictor. NT-proBNP was the only surrogate of left ventricular filling pressure which predicted outcome. Conclusion: In patients with asymptomatic valvular heart disease and preserved systolic function, spiroergometric parameters and NT-proBNP performed best to assess filling pressure. Only NT-proBNP showed prognostic value in this cohort.

One Case of Diabetes Nephropathy Stage V, Combined Valvular Disease, Total Heart Failure with Diabetes Foot Gangrene

The patient was found to have 4+urine sugar by physical examination 14 years ago and was treated with oral hypoglycemic drugs. Insulin was injected intramuscularly nine years ago. Two and a half years ago, it was found that the color of the thumb, index and middle toe of the left foot became black. He went to a third-class hospital in Beijing and was diagnosed as “diabetes foot”. He was treated with “balloon dilation of lower limb blood vessels of diabetes foot”. Half a year ago, the third toe on the right side was broken and treated in the hospital again. “Popliteal artery stent implantation” was given for the diagnosis of “double kidney insufficiency, diabetes foot, left heart failure, combined heart valve disease”, “Hemofiltration therapy” and anti-inflammatory, amino acid supplementation, kidney function protection, anticoagulation, anemia correction and other treatments. Later, he went to our hospital and was diagnosed by the TCM diagnosis: category of consumptive disease, toe or finger gangrene (syndrome/pattern of qi and yin deficiency). Western medicine diagnosed: stage V of diabetes nephropathy, type II diabetes foot gangrene, combined with heart valve disease, hypoalbuminemia, double kidney cyst, moderate anemia, pleural effusion, hyperkalemia, pulmonary infection, and total heart failure. The patient was treated by the Qi-acupuncture therapy of TCM in combination with Chinese and Western medicine Medical treatment made the patient significantly better and discharged.

Mechanical versus biological prosthetic heart valves in pregnant women with valvular heart disease

Background The pregnant women with a prosthetic heart valve(PHV)are considered to have a higher risk of cardiovascular,obstetric and fetal/neonatal complications when they underwent anticoagulation therapy in all 3 trimesters.This report evaluated the comparative results of pregnant women wearing mechanical and biological PHV.Methods The outcomes of different types of PHV were assessed retrospectively in pregnant women in Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital from January 2008 to May 2021.A total of 243 women(319 pregnancies)were enrolled and divided into mechanical PHV group and biological PHV group according to the types of PHV implanted.The baseline data of all pregnancies were studied.Cardiovascular,obstetric and fetal/neonatal complications in 201 completed pregnancies of 165 women with different PHV were analyzed.Results 319 pregnancies occurred,of which 201 pregnancies(165 women)≥20 weeks duration,including 159 pregnancies with mechanical PHV and 42 pregnancies with biological PHV.Miscarriages were more common in women with mechanical PHV[40 pregnancies(14.65%),≤20 weeks],while only one case was noted in women with biological PHV(P<0.05).The induced abortion rate of women with mechanical PHV(27.11%vs.6.52%,P<0.05)was significantly higher compared with that in women with biological PHV.The incidence of cardiovascular,obstetric and fetal/neonatal complications was equally frequent in both groups after 20 weeks of gestation.Conclusions Pregnant women with mechanical PHV were more likely to have a complication of miscarriages than those with biological PHV,mainly due to the anticoagulation therapy.On the other hand,more women with mechanical PHV may choose not to become pregnant than women with biological PHV after counseling the risks of pregnancy.There was no significant difference in other aspects of maternal and fetal complications after 20 weeks of gestation.Women who cannot maintain therapeutic anticoagulation and frequent monitoring of mechanical PHV may consider biological PHV.

The Problem of Rehospitalisation for Heart Failure at the Cardiology Department of the Hôpital National Ignace Deen

Introduction: Despite current therapeutic advances, heart failure in sub-Saharan Africa remains a common, serious and costly disease, particularly due to rehospitalizations. The objective of this work was to determine the proportion of rehospitalizations for heart failure and to identify etiological factors. Methodology: This was a retrospective descriptive study with a duration of 8 months from April 1 to November 30, 2021. This study included all patients rehospitalized in the department for Heart Failure and who agreed to participate in our study. Results: During the period of our study, 437 patients were hospitalized in the HF department, among which we collected 126 cases of rehospitalization for HF with a frequency of 28.83%. The mean age of our patients was 46.32 ± 18.98 years with the extremes of 15 to 84 years. The most affected age group was between 35 and 44 years old in 24 cases, i.e. a frequency of 19%. We observed a female predominance of 64 cases, i.e. a frequency of 50.8% compared to 62 cases, i.e. a frequency of 49.2% with a sex ratio (M/F) equal to 0.96. 98 cases of our patients, i.e. a frequency of 77.8%, were mutual insurance companies who felt they had the necessary support from those around them. In our sample, the underlying heart disease was mainly represented by valvular heart disease in 59 cases, followed by hypertensive heart disease in 42 cases with the respective frequencies of 46.82% and 33.33%. The majority of our patients were rehospitalized (1 - 3) times after a first episode of HF flare-up in 117 cases or 92.9%. Irregularity at control and therapeutic break were the most common decompensation factors with frequencies of 75.8% and 74.2% respectively. The majority of our patients were rehospitalized (1 - 3) times after a first episode of HF flare-up in 117 cases or 92.9%. Irregularity at control and therapeutic break were the most common decompensation factors with frequencies of 75.8% and 74.2% respectively. Conclusion: It appears in this study that rehospitalizations for heart failure are frequent, linked to irregularity in control and the lack of therapeutic education.

Atrial fibrillation and rheumatic valvular heart disease:usefulness of very-low-dose amiodarone

Atrial fibrillation （AF） is frequently associated with rheumatic valvular heart disease （RVHD）. AF leads to systemic thromboembolic complications, reduced quality of life （QOL）, impaired ventricular function and also increased mortality. Multivariate analysis of results from a population-based study has shown that valvular heart disease is one of risk factors for development of AF.1 The frequency of RVHD has decreased in developed countries in recent years, but RVHD now constitutes a significant population for the cardiology services in developing countries.

Epidemiological survey of valvular heart disease for five years in a single cardiovascular center of Southern China: Changes in morbidity, etiological spectrum and management

Background Valvular heart disease （VHD） is defined as a structural or functional abnormality in cardiac valve which encompasses a number of common cardiovascular conditions. This study was aimed to analyze the epidemiological changes of VHD in a single cardiovascular center of Southern China. Methods A total of 13,138 VHD patients of Guangdong general hospital from January 2011 to December 2013 were screened by transthoracic echocardiography （TTE） or transesophageal echocardiography （TEE） and enrolled for this study. The morbidity, etiological spectrum and management of these patients were analyzed. Continuous variables were expressed as mean _＋ standard deviation. Categorical variables were expressed as ratio or percentage. Results Patients in this study were divided into different groups and were analyzed throughout changes in morbidity, etiological spectrum and management. Conclusions The prevalence of VHD remains high in Southern China and RHD is still the leading etiology of VHD. But morbidity rate is reduced and surgery is still the main treatment option.

Current Status and Challenges of Valvular Heart Disease Interventional Therapy

Valvular heart disease(VHD)is common in the global population,occupying an heavy disease burden among aging population.Currently,it is the booming era of transcatheter VHD treatment,even with superiority than traditional open heart surgery in some clinical outcomes.We collected data sources mainly derived from published articles and conference presentations,including randomized controlled trials,first-in-man studies,clinical registries,and other single-or multi-center and prospective or retrospective clinical studies.This review summarized the relevant devices and researches of transcatheter aortic valve replacement,transcatheter mitral valve repair and replacement,transcatheter tricuspid valve repair and replacement,and transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement.Moreover,possible challenges of interventional therapy for various VHD in the future were discussed as well.

Differences in the predictive value of red cell distribution width for the mortality of patients with heart failure due to various heart diseases

Background Increased red blood cell distribution width （RDW） is associated with adverse outcomes in patients with heart failure （HF）. The objective of this study was to compare the differences in the predictive value of RDW in patients with HF due to different causes. Methods We retrospectively investigated 1,021 HF patients from October 2009 to December 2011 at Fuwai Hospital （Beijing, China）. HF in these patients was caused by three diseases; coronary heart disease （CHD）, dilated cardiomyopathy （DCM） and valvular heart disease （VHD）. Patients were followed-up for 21 ~ 9 months. Results The RDW, mortality and survival duration were significantly different among the three groups. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the cumulative survival decreased significantly with increased RDW in patients with HF caused by CHD and DCM, but not in those with HF patients caused by VHD. In a multivariable model, RDW was identified as an independent predictor for the mortality of HF patients with CHD （P 〈 0.001, HR 1.315, 95% CI 1.122-1.543）. The group with higher N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide （NT-proBNP） and higher RDW than median had the lowest cumulative survival in patients with HF due to CHD, but not in patients with HF due to DCM. Conclusions RDW is a prognostic indicator for patients with HF caused by CHD and DCM; thus, RDW adds important information to NT-proBNP in CHD caused HF patients.

Heart valve disease in elderly Chinese population： effect of advanced age and comorbidities on treatment decision-making and outcomes

Background A considerable proportion of elderly patients with symptomatic severe heart valve disease are treated conservatively de- spite clear indications for surgical intervention. However, little is known about how advanced age and comorbidities affect treatment deci-sion-making and therapeutic outcomes. Methods Patients （n = 234, mean age： 78.5 ± 3.7 years） with symptomatic severe heart valve dis- ease hospitalized in our center were included. One hundred and fifty-one patients （65%） were treated surgically （surgical group） and 83 （35%） were treated conservatively （conservative group）. Factors that affected therapeutic decision-making and treatment outcomes were investi- gated and long-term survival was explored. Results Isolated aortic valve disease, female sex, chronic renal insufficiency, aged _〉 80 years, pneumonia, and emergent status were independent factors associated with therapeutic decision-making. In-hospital mortality for the surgical group was 5.3% （8/151）. Three patients （3.6%） in the conservative group died during initial hospitalization. Low cardiac output syndrome and chronic renal insufficiency were identified as predictors of in-hospital mortality in the surgical group. Conservative treatment was identi- fied as the single risk factor for late death in the entire study population. The surgical group had better 5-year （77.2% vs. 45.4%, P 〈 0.0001） and 10-year （34.5% vs. 8.9%, P 〈 0.0001） survival rates than the conservative group, even when adjusted by propensity score-matched analysis. Conclusions Advanced age and geriatric comorbidities profoundly affect treatment decision-making for severe heart valve disease. Valve surgery in the elderly was not only safe but was also associated with good long-term survival while conservative treatment was unfavorable for patients with symptomatic severe valve disease.

Study of Coronary Artery Disease in Single Aortic Valvular Disease

Objectives To analyze the results of coronary angiographies (CAG) in patients with single aortic valvular heart disease; To study the relationship between aortic valve diseases and coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods 105 patients with single aortic valvular heart disease before surgery underwent angiography. The data of clinical characteristics and angiographies were analyzed. Results 51 patients had symptoms of angina pectoris among 105 patients with single aortic valvular heart disease. Seven of them were confirmed coronary artery disease by angiographies. Although the incidence of angina in aortic valve stenosis group was significantly higher than that in aortic valve regurgitation, the probability of combination of CAD in aortic valve stenosis group was similar to the later. However, the probability of combination of CAD in degenerative aortic valve group was significantly higher than the groups of rheumatic, congenitally bicuspid aortic valves, and other causes (p < 0.01 ). Conclusions Angina pectoris is not sensitive for diagnosis of CAD in single aortic valve heart disease. The probability of combination of CAD in degenerative aortic valve disease is higher than that in aortic valve disease with other causes. Coronary angiography is strongly suggested for these patients.

肿瘤坏死因子受体3相互作用蛋白2与心房颤动相关性的临床研究

目的探讨肿瘤坏死因子受体3相互作用蛋白2(TRAF3IP2)与心房颤动(下称房颤)的相关性。方法选择南京医科大学附属淮安第一医院2021年6至12月收治的瓣膜性心脏病患者41例,根据是否合并房颤分为房颤组22例和非房颤组19例。收集患者的临床资料、全血以及部分心房肌组织,比较两组患者TRAF3IP2表达水平和纤维化指标[胶原和α平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)含量]。结果房颤组左心房直径(LAD)、TRAF3IP2表达水平均高于非房颤组(均P<0.01),TRAF3IP2表达与LAD呈直线相关(r=0.33,P=0.037)。分层分析显示在LAD≤3.5 mm的患者中,房颤组TRAF3IP2表达水平高于非房颤组;在LAD>3.5 mm的患者中,房颤组TRAF3IP2表达水平高于非房颤组(均P<0.01)。马松染色和免疫组化染色显示,房颤组心房肌胶原含量及TRAF3IP2表达水平高于非房颤组。Western blotting结果显示房颤组心房肌组织TRAF3IP2和α-SMA表达水平高于非房颤患者。结论TRAF3IP2与房颤存在相关性,具体表现为房颤患者的TRAF3IP2表达水平高于非房颤患者,提示TRAF3IP2可能参与房颤的进展。

老年退行性心脏瓣膜病患者血清相关因子表达与瓣膜钙化的相关性分析

目的:探讨60岁以上退行性心脏瓣膜病(degenerative valvular disease,DHVD)患者血清胱抑素-C(cystatin C,Cys-C)、Hcy、胰岛素样生长因子-1(insulin-like growth factor-1,IGF-1)的表达特征,并分析其与瓣膜钙化的关系。方法:选取我院接诊的306例60岁以上DHVD患者作为研究对象,根据超声心动图检查结果分为瓣膜钙化组(237例)与非瓣膜钙化组(69例)。所有患者均测定血清Cys-C、Hcy、IGF-1水平,对比两组的检查结果,并分析影响瓣膜钙化的危险因素。结果:瓣膜钙化组与非瓣膜钙化组在性别构成、饮酒率、吸烟率、合并高血压、合并糖尿病、FBG、HDL-C水平比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与非瓣膜钙化组相比,瓣膜钙化组的年龄、TC、TG、LDL-C水平更高(P <0.05)。瓣膜钙化组的血清Cys-C、Hcy、IGF-1水平均显著高于非瓣膜钙化组(P<0.05)。多因素回归分析显示,年龄、LDL-C、Cys-C、Hcy和IGF-1均是瓣膜钙化的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:60岁以上DHVD患者血清Cys-C、Hcy、IGF-1表达的升高与瓣膜钙化密切相关,监测血清Cys-C、Hcy、IGF-1浓度可为临床预测DHVD瓣膜功能和制定治疗方案提供参考依据。

支链氨基酸代谢物对风湿性心脏瓣膜病体外循环术后低心排血量的预测价值

目的:探讨支链氨基酸代谢物对风湿性心脏瓣膜病病人行体外循环术后发生低心排血量事件的预测价值。方法:选取2019年1月—2022年1月我院收治的风湿性心脏瓣膜病病人154例作为研究对象,根据体外循环术后是否出现低心排血量,将病人分为低心排血量组(52例)和非低心排血量组(102例)。对比分析两组病人情况,多因素Logistic回归分析低心排血量事件的影响因素。Cox比例风险模型调整混杂变量,分析支链氨基酸代谢物和传统标志物与低心排血量事件的关联性。GRACE风险评分探讨支链氨基酸和传统标志物结合后对低心排血量的预测能力。Cox回归评价支链氨基酸代谢物和传统标志物之间的交互作用。建立回归方程y=1-1/(1+e-z)预测模型并进行验证。结果:脑钠肽、肌钙蛋白I、亮氨酸、缬氨酸、异亮氨酸等是低心排血量事件的独立危险因素。随着脑钠肽、肌钙蛋白I、亮氨酸、缬氨酸、异亮氨酸水平的升高,与低心排血量事件的关联效应也更强。支链氨基酸代谢物和传统标志物结合,会提高GRACE风险评分对低心排血量的预测能力。异亮氨酸联合脑钠肽前体对低心排血量事件的预测效应最高。经Bootstrap自抽样,预测模型区分度、准确度较好。结论:支链氨基酸代谢物和低心排血量密切相关。支链氨基酸代谢物加入传统标志物中,会提高对低心排血量的预测能力,有助于改善风湿性心脏瓣膜病病人预后。

NT-proBNP、TSP-2、hs-CRP在非瓣膜性HFrEF患者中的表达及对短期预后的预测价值

目的探讨N端脑钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)、血小板吸附蛋白2(TSP-2)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)在非瓣膜性射血分数降低心力衰竭(HFrEF)患者中的表达及对短期预后预测价值。方法选取2018年1月至2021年12月郑州大学第一附属医院收治的120例非瓣膜性HFrEF患者为HFrEF组,60例非瓣膜性射血分数保留心力衰竭(HFpEF)患者为HFpEF组,60例心功能正常心力衰竭(HF)患者为对照组。对比三组NT-proBNP、TSP-2、hs-CRP水平;根据心功能分级将HFrEF组患者分为心功能Ⅱ级、心功能Ⅲ级组、心功能Ⅳ级组,并对比三组NT-proBNP、TSP-2、hs-CRP水平;分析NT-proBNP、TSP-2、hs-CRP各指标之间的相关性;根据随访结果将HFrEF组患者分为预后良好组和预后不良组,并比较两组患者NT-proBNP、TSP-2、hs-CRP水平;分析影响HFrEF患者预后的多因素;分析NT-proBNP、TSP-2对HFrEF患者的短期预后预测价值。结果三组NT-proBNP、TSP-2、hs-CRP水平为:HFrEF组>HFpEF组>对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);120例非瓣膜性HFrEF患者中,心功能Ⅱ级38例(31.67%)、心功能Ⅲ级46例(38.33%)、心功能Ⅳ级36例(30.00%);三组NT-proBNP、TSP-2、hs-CRP水平为:心功能Ⅳ级组>心功能Ⅲ级组>心功能Ⅱ级组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);非瓣膜性HFrEF患者血清NT-proBNP与TSP-2、hs-CRP呈正相关(P<0.05);120例非瓣膜性HFrEF患者中,预后良好79例(65.83%)、预后不良41例(34.17%);患者NT-proBNP、TSP-2、hs-CRP水平为:预后不良组>预后良好组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Logistic回归分析结果显示,NT-proBNP、TSP-2、hs-CRP高表达是非瓣膜性HFrEF患者预后不良的危险因素(P<0.05);NT-proBNP、TSP-2、hs-CRP单独与联合预测非瓣膜性HFrEF患者预后的AUC为0.779、0.907、0.898、0.948,联合预测的AUC高于NT-proBNP、TSP-2、hs-CRP,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论NT-proBNP、TSP-2、hs-CRP在非瓣膜性HFrEF患者中高表达,三指标联合检测能较好预测患者短期预后。

吲哚布芬治疗冠心病合并非瓣膜性心房颤动的效果观察

进行冠心病合并非瓣膜性心房颤动治疗中应用吲哚布芬的效果探究.选取2021年5月-2021年10月内收治的71例冠心病合并非瓣膜性心房颤动患者为研究对象,并应用随机分配法将其分为对照组和观察组两组,对照组37例患者应用阿司匹林治疗,观察组34例患者应用吲哚布芬治疗.比较两组患者治疗结果.结果表明,治疗后,观察组脑卒中发生率更低、心肌缺血改善率更高、胃肠道反应率更低、血小板减少率更低、出血率更低(P<0.05);治疗后,观察组各项生活质量评分更高(P<0.05);观察组B型利尿钠肽更低、N末端B型利尿钠肽原更低、6 min步行试验距离更长、心功能分级更低(P<0.05).研究发现,应用吲哚布芬治疗冠心病合并非瓣膜性心房颤动,有利于控制相关不良事件发生风险,改善患者的生活质量、心功能指标、左心室功能指标,减轻炎症反应.

感染性心内膜炎细胞因子和降钙素原的表达

目的探讨感染性心内膜炎(IE)患者中12项细胞因子(IL-1β、IL-2、IL-4、IL-5、IL-6、IL-8、IL-10、IL-12p70、IL-17、IFN-α、IFN-γ、TNF-α)及降钙素原的表达。方法纳入我院2021年12月至2022年12月IE患者10例为IE组,随机选择同期入院手术的非感染性、非风湿性瓣膜病的心内膜炎患者10例为对照组,患者均于入院时采血。采用流式细胞术检测12种细胞因子的表达及血常规指标,采用ELISA法检测降钙素原水平,采用Pearson法分析IE患者细胞因子表达水平间的相关性,Spearman法分析IE患者IL-8水平、白细胞计数与降钙素原的相关性。结果与对照组比较,IE组患者中细胞因子IL-1β、IL-2、IL-6、IL-10、TNF-α、IFN-α、IFN-γ、IL-12p70显著升高(P<0.05),白细胞计数、中性粒细胞百分比、降钙素原水平显著升高(P<0.05)。2组患者单核细胞百分比比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。IE组患者中的IFN-α与IL-2、TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-12p70呈正相关;IL-2与TNF-α、IL-1β呈正相关;IL-12p70与IFN-γ呈正相关;降钙素原与IL-8、白细胞计数呈显著正相关,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论IE患者中IL-1β、IL-2、IL-6、IL-10、TNF-α、IFN-α、IFN-γ、IL-12p70、降钙素原等水平明显高于正常人群,这些指标的检测对于IE的早期诊断及病情严重程度的评估具有指导意义。

有限资源下创新性吸气肌训练方案对心脏瓣膜疾病患者术后肺部并发症的影响

目的:探究有限资源下匹配中国心脏瓣膜疾病患者术前等待时间的强化吸气肌训练方案对预防术后肺部并发症的有效性和可行性。方法:以择期心脏瓣膜手术患者为研究对象,随机分为对照组和干预组,每组各65例。所有入组患者术前均接受常规物理治疗干预方案,干预组额外增加术前3天的强化吸气肌训练。术后14天内,对所有患者进行术后并发症发生率的记录,在入院和出院当天对所有患者进行呼吸功能和运动能力测试,并统计患者术后住院时长。结果:治疗前两组患者一般人口学特征无显著性差异。经术前3天强化吸气肌训练后,干预组术后肺部并发症(postoperative pulmonary complications,PPCs)发生率低于对照组(P=0.03),出院时6min步行距离高于对照组(P=0.01),而出院时的肺功能与术后住院时间与对照组比较无显著性差异(P>0.05),训练期间无任何不良事件发生。结论:术前3天强化吸气肌训练方案在择期心脏瓣膜患者中是安全可行的,能够减少术后肺部并发症的发生和改善患者出院时的运动功能水平。

频发室性早搏与心脏瓣膜手术同期迷宫手术后心房颤动复发关系研究

目的:探讨频发室性早搏(VPB)与心脏瓣膜手术同期射频消融迷宫手术(CMA)后心房颤动(AF)复发的关系。方法:收集因瓣膜疾病合并AF行心脏瓣膜手术同期射频消融迷宫手术的患者115例进行单中心、回顾性、病例对照研究,按照AF是否复发进行分组,复发AF患者23例,未复发患者92例。收集患者一般临床资料和相关实验室检查并评估术前室性早搏负荷(室性早搏数量>10000个/24 h为频发室性早搏)。采用单因素和多因素Cox比例风险回归模型对合并瓣膜疾病的AF患者在接受心脏瓣膜手术及同期射频消融迷宫手术后AF复发的危险因素进行分析。结果:与未复发组比较,复发组室性早搏负荷较高(P<0.05)。多因素Cox回归分析结果显示,频发室性早搏和糖尿病是进行心脏瓣膜手术并同期接受射频消融迷宫手术的患者AF复发的独立危险因素(均P<0.05)。结论:频发室性早搏是心脏瓣膜手术同期射频消融迷宫手术后心房颤动复发的危险因素。