Comparison of performance between rescaled range analysis and rescaled variance analysis in detecting abrupt dynamic change

In the present paper, a comparison of the performance between moving cutting data-rescaled range analysis （MC- R/S） and moving cutting data-rescaled variance analysis （MC-V/S） is made. The results clearly indicate that the operating efficiency of the MC-R/S algorithm is higher than that of the MC-V/S algorithm. In our numerical test, the computer time consumed by MC-V/S is approximately 25 times that by MC-R/S for an identical window size in artificial data. Except for the difference in operating efficiency, there are no significant differences in performance between MC-R/S and MC-V/S for the abrupt dynamic change detection. Mc-R/s and MC-V/S both display some degree of anti-noise ability. However, it is important to consider the influences of strong noise on the detection results of MC-R/S and MC-V/S in practical application

Analysis on Chinese Regional Differences in International Tourism Foreign Exchange Earnings with Method of One-way Variance Analysis

Based on data over 31 provinces and cities in China from2006 to 2013,this thesis first divides those 31 provinces and cities into four economic regions including northeastern region,central region,eastern region and western region.Based on data over 31 provinces and cities in China from 2006 to 2013,those 31 provinces and cities were devided into four economic regions in this thesis,including northeastern region,central region,eastern region and western region.Then,it takes international tourism foreign exchange earnings as the dependent variable,the four economic regions as the factor to measure the difference of international tourism foreign exchange earnings in different regions,and finds out the main reasons of it.Through the one-way variance analysis on international tourism foreign exchange earnings,we can know that international tourism foreign exchange earnings have differences in different regions apparently.Besides,significant differences can be found between northeastern and central regions as well as eastern and western regions,while it is not the same case between the central and western regions.

ONE-WAY MULTIVARIATE REPEATED MEASUREMENTS ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE MODEL

The one-way multivariate repeated measurements analysis of variance (1-way MRM ANOVA) model for complete data and the sphericity test are studied.

Did the Revision of the Japanese Medical Payment System Work Properly?—An Analysis of Averages and Variances of Length of Hospital Stay for Type 2 Diabetes Patients by Individual Hospital

We evaluated the effects of the 2010 revision of the medical payment system on the length of stay (LOS). In this analysis, we assessed not only the average length of stay (ALOS), but also variance of LOS at individual hospitals. We used a dataset of 18,641 type 2 diabetes patients collected from 51 general hospitals. The variables found to affect LOS were age, comorbidities, complications, acute hospitalization, introduced by other hospitals, winter, one-week hospitalization, specific hospitalization period, and principal diseases coded E11.5, E11.6 and E11.7. Although the effect was marginal, the 2010 revision did reduce ALOS, and the reduction was larger as ALOS became longer. On the other hand, we did not find that the variance of LOS within hospitals became smaller. The results of the study suggest that new incentives and assistance to hospitals to help them make efficient use of medical information are needed.

New Configurations of the Fuzzy Fractional Differential Boussinesq Model with Application in Ocean Engineering and Their Analysis in Statistical Theory

The fractional-order Boussinesq equations(FBSQe)are investigated in this work to see if they can effectively improve the situation where the shallow water equation cannot directly handle the dispersion wave.The fuzzy forms of analytical FBSQe solutions are first derived using the Adomian decomposition method.It also occurs on the sea floor as opposed to at the functionality.A set of dynamical partial differential equations(PDEs)in this article exemplify an unconfined aquifer flow implication.Thismethodology can accurately simulate climatological intrinsic waves,so the ripples are spread across a large demographic zone.The Aboodh transform merged with the mechanism of Adomian decomposition is implemented to obtain the fuzzified FBSQe in R,R^(n) and(2nth)-order involving generalized Hukuhara differentiability.According to the system parameter,we classify the qualitative features of the Aboodh transform in the fuzzified Caputo and Atangana-Baleanu-Caputo fractional derivative formulations,which are addressed in detail.The illustrations depict a comparison analysis between the both fractional operators under gH-differentiability,as well as the appropriate attributes for the fractional-order and unpredictability factorsσ∈[0,1].A statistical experiment is conducted between the findings of both fractional derivatives to prevent changing the hypothesis after the results are known.Based on the suggested analyses,hydrodynamic technicians,as irrigation or aquifer quality experts,may be capable of obtaining an appropriate storage intensity amount,including an unpredictability threshold.

AFLP and MSAP Analysis of ‘Lane Late’ Navel Orange and Its Bud Sport Pumpkin-like Navel Orange

[Objectives]The paper was to analyze the differences of genes and genome methylation between‘lane late’navel orange and it’s bud sport pumpkin-like navel orange,and to reveal the causes of bud sport.[Methods]Amplification fragment length polymorphism(AFLP)and methylation sensitive amplification polymorphism(MSAP)were used to analyze the differences in genes and genome methylation of‘lane late’navel orange and its bud sport pumpkin-like navel orange.[Results]Gene mutation occurred between the‘lane late’navel orange and its bud sport pumpkin-like navel orange.A total of 15 differential bands were obtained by AFLP markers,and the percentage of polymorphic bands was 6.0000%.Meantime,10 differential bands were obtained by MSAP markers,and the percentage of polymorphic bands was 5.4645%.The semimethylation rate and permethylation rate of‘lane late’navel orange were higher than that of pumpkin-like navel orange,that is,pumpkin-like navel orange had demethylation(demethylation ratio was 1.6393%).[Conclusions]It is proved at the DNA level that the emergence of bud sport pumpkin-like navel orange is due to gene mutation,and the DNA methylation level of the bud sport material has also changed.This study lays a foundation for further exploring the mechanism of bud sport.

Spatio-temporal variation and relationship between agricultural efficiency and irrigation intensity in a semi-arid region of India

A surging population in Karnataka State,a semi-arid region in India,poses a threat to both food security and livelihood sustainability,necessitating a concentrated effort to bolster agricultural efficiency and achieve United Naton’s Sustainable Development Goal 2(zero hunger).Therefore,in order to address the pressing issue of food scarcity in Karnataka,this study meticulously examined the spatio-temporal variation of agricultural efficiency and irrigation intensity in Karnataka,uncovering its significant dependence of agricultural efficiency on irrigation intensity.Specifically,this study used a one-way analysis of variance(ANOVA)to ascertain significant differences in the means of agricultural efficiency and irrigation intensity during 2004-2005 and 2018-2019.This study showed that the maximum improvement in agricultural efficiency index was recorded in Belgaum(40.24),Gulbarga(24.77),and Yadgir districts(22.92)between 2004-2005 and 2018-2019,which indicated the progressing trend and better scope for agriculture extension.On the contrary,some districts expressed threat(a decline of above 20.00 of agricultural efficiency index)and needed special care for the improvement of agricultural efficiency in four northern districts(Bagalkot,Bidar,Raichur,and Bijapur),three southern districts(Chitradurga,Chikballapur and Hassan),and two southern districts(Koppal and Gadag)in Karnataka.During 2004-2005,irrigation intensity varied from 3.19%to 56.39%,with the lowest irrigation intensity in Kodagu District and the highest irrigation intensity in Shimoga District.During 2018-2019,irrigation intensity changed from 0.77%to 72.77%,with the lowest irrigation intensity in Kodagu District and the highest in Dakshin Kannad District.Moreover,the research scrutinized the complex relationship between agricultural efficiency and irrigation intensity,with the correlation coefficient increased from 0.162 during 2004-2005 to 0.255 during 2018-2019.It implies that in both periods,a low positive correlation existed between these two variables.Over time,several factors(high-yield seeds and chemical fertilizers)other than irrigation intensity gradually became essential for agricultural efficiency.This research offers a wealth of valuable insights for regional planners and policy-makers contending with comparable challenges in various regions of India and other developing countries.

The Toxic Effects of Strong Chlorin Disinfectant on Mangroves and Emission Thresholds

In this study, based on the simulated discharge results of chemical disinfectants, hypocotyl germination concentration gradient pre-test and concentration gradient determination experiment were set up respectively. Laboratory cultivation was conducted to compare and analyze the root germination and germination indexes, three mangrove hypocotyls of Kandelia candel (Linn.) Druce, Ceriopstagal C.B. Rob. and Bruguiera sexangula var. Rhynchopetalas’ efficiency of cumulative root germination, cumulative germination and the cumulative expansion of the second pair of leaves, one-way analysis of variance was used to obtain the tolerance threshold of three mangrove hypocotyls to strong chlorin disinfectant. The study determined that the by-products of strong chlorin disinfectant, the toxic threshold concentrations of Kandelia candel (Linn.) Druce, Ceriopstagal C.B. Rob. and Bruguiera sexangula var. rhynchopetala are close to 0.55 mg/L, 0.55 mg/L and 0.25 mg/L, respectively. This concentration range is lower than the average concentration of 1.183 mg/L of active chlorine emitted from strong chlorine concentrate during pond clearing in high-level shrimp ponds, indicating that transient emissions of strong chlorine concentrate during pond clearing can have a toxic effect on mangrove plants. The strength of tolerance of the embryonic axes of the three mangrove species to effective chlorine contamination was, Ceriopstagal C.B. Rob. stronger than Bruguiera sexangula var. rhynchopetala, and Kandelia candel (Linn.) Druce is the weakest.

Optimizing SUS 304 wire drawing process by grey relational analysis utilizing Taguchi method

In the stainless steel 304 （SUS 304） wire drawing process, optimizing the die life and wire tensile strength, which are the larger-the-better quality characteristics （QCH） types, is of main interest. Three control factors, involving reduction ratio, lubricant temperature, and drawing speed, were investigated utilizing L9（34） orthogonal array （OA）. The grey relational analysis was conducted for the normalized signal-to-noise （S/N） ratios. The ordinal value of the grey grade was then used to decide optimal factor levels. The anticipated improvements in die life and wire tensile strength were estimated 25.31 h and 22.50 kg/mm2, respectively. To decide the significant factor which had effect on each QCH and predict the average value of each QCH, analysis of variance （ANOVA） was performed for S/N ratio and QCH. Confirmation experiments were then conducted, where a good overlap was noticed between the predicted and confirnation intervals for each QCH. The Hotelling T2 and the sample generalized variance control charts were finally utilized in controlling and monitoring future production. In conclusion, the grey relational analysis utilizing Taguchi method is an effective approach for optimizing the die life and wire tensile strength for SUS wire drawing process. 2008 University of Science and Technology Beijing. All rights reserved.

Property analysis of bistatic forward-looking SAR with arbitrary geometry

Bistatic forward-looking synthetic aperture radar（SAR） has many advantages and applications owing to its twodimensional imaging capability.There could be various imaging configurations because of the geometric flexibility of bistatic platforms,resulting in kinds of models built independently among which there could be some similar even the same motion features.Comprehensive research on such systems in a more comprehensive and general point of view is required to address their difference and consistency.Property analysis of bistatic forwardlooking SAR with arbitrary geometry is achieved including stripmap and spotlight modes on airborne platform,missile-borne platform,and hybrid platform of both.Emphasis is placed on azimuth space variance of some key parameters significantly affecting the subsequent imaging processing,based on which the frequency spectra are further described and compared considering respective features of different platforms for frequency imaging algorithm developing.Simulation results confirm the effectiveness and correctness of our analysis.

Analysis of Key Attributes Influencing the User Satisfaction towards Applications

This research aims to find out the key attributes influencing the user trust towards applications on the mobile application store. In this research, both the experimental data set and the evaluation results of analysis are described. The analysis results include the test results of analysis of variance （ANOVA） and correlation analysis. In ANOVA, the attributes affecting user rating are derived and applied to the correlation analysis to evaluate the degree of correlation towards user rating, and in the last stage the positive or negative relationship with user satisfaction is figured out.

Statistical Method for Block in Replication Design and Its SAS Program

Large-scale genetic population used for genetic breeding researches covers a large area in the field experiment,and the effect of local control would be gradually weakened.The block in replication(BIR)design is suitable for large population,which is applied to the field experiment of genetic population.The statistical methods of analysis of variance(ANOVA)and heritability estimation in single and multiple environments were derived and implemented using the statistical analysis system(SAS)program for the analysis of BIR.As a work example,a comparison of statistical analysis between BIR design and the completely random block(CRB)design were conducted for the protein content from a panel containing 455 soybean germplasms.The results indicated the different estimates of average heritability in multiple environments.The research results provided technical support for the application of BIR design in genetics and breeding studies.

The default mode network is affected in the early stage of simian immunodeficiency virus infection:a longitudinal study

Acquired immune deficiency syndrome infection can lead to cognitive dysfunction represented by changes in the default mode network.Most recent studies have been cross-sectional and thus have not revealed dynamic changes in the default mode network following acquired immune deficiency syndrome infection and antiretroviral therapy.Specifically,when brain imaging data at only one time point are analyzed,determining the duration at which the default mode network is the most effective following antiretroviral therapy after the occurrence of acquired immune deficiency syndrome.However,because infection times and other factors are often uncertain,longitudinal studies cannot be conducted directly in the clinic.Therefore,in this study,we performed a longitudinal study on the dynamic changes in the default mode network over time in a rhesus monkey model of simian immunodeficiency virus infection.We found marked changes in default mode network connectivity in 11 pairs of regions of interest at baseline and 10 days and 4 weeks after virus inoculation.Significant interactions between treatment and time were observed in the default mode network connectivity of regions of interest pairs area 31/V6.R and area 8/frontal eye field(FEF).L,area 8/FEF.L and caudal temporal parietal occipital area(TPOC).R,and area 31/V6.R and TPOC.L.ART administered 4 weeks after infection not only interrupted the progress of simian immunodeficiency virus infection but also preserved brain function to a large extent.These findings suggest that the default mode network is affected in the early stage of simian immunodeficiency virus infection and that it may serve as a potential biomarker for early changes in brain function and an objective indicator for making early clinical intervention decisions.

DYNAMIC FINITE ELEMENT MODEL UPDATING BASED ON GLOBAL INFORMATION OF STRUCTURES

Finite element model updating method based on global information is proposed.Prior investigation upon design space of structural parameters is performed before updating usingstatistic analysis, including parameter screening using variance analysis and response surfacefitting using regression analysis. The parameter screening method selects the design parametersconsidering the result of hypothesis testing, which is a kind of global information. Meanwhile, thetraditional updating method considers local sensitivity which only gives the information at solepoint in the design space. Response surface fitting constructs a close-form multinomial whichdescribes the relationship between concerned structural feature and selected updating parameters. Itis an approximation to finite element models(FEM) and used as a substitution in the updatingiterations. The presented updating method can be applied without the restriction of linearassumption. In addition, there is no data exchange between the updating program and the finite-element analysis program in the updating iterations. This makes the method practical inengineering. An aircraft test structure, GARTEUR, is employed to verify the effectiveness of themethod. After updating, the error of modal frequencies is less than 3 percent.

Optimization of the Ultrasonic-assisted Extraction Process for Protocatechuic Acid from Emilia sonchifolia DC by Response Surface Methodology

[Objectives] This study was conducted to optimize the extraction process of protocatechuic acid from Emilia sonchifolia DC. [Methods] The optimal extraction conditions were determined by single factor,response surface analysis and variance analysis,and the content of protocatechuic acid was determined by HPLC. [Results] The protocatechuic acid standard curve equation was: y = 1 435 x + 8 403,R^2= 0. 999 8,indicating a good linear relationship. The optimal extraction conditions were as follows: a temperature at 80 ℃,an extraction time of 1 h,a material-to-liquid ratio at 1:10 and an ultrasonic power of 600 W,and the content of protocatechuic acid extracted was 1. 93 mg/g. The method showed a RSD of 0. 41%,less than 2%,and the detection limit was 0. 0000047261 g/ml.The experimental sample X1 was the low-level 0. 1 mg/ml standard solution,which showed recovery of protocatechuic acid between 100.8% and 105.2%,with a RSD of 0. 013%;and the sample X2 was the high-level 1. 0 mg/ml standard solution,which exhibited recovery between 100. 6% and 102. 2%,with a RSD of 0.076%. Thus,the recovery was high,and the requirements of the performance index were met. [Conclusions] The detection method is stable and reliable and can produce satisfactory results.

STRUCTURE PARAMETERS DESIGN AND PERFORMANCE TEST OF FUEL INJECTION SYSTEM

Based on the numerical simulation analysis, structure parameters of the high pressure fuel pump and common rail as well as flow limiter are designed and the GD-1 high pressure common rail fuel injection system is self-developed. Fuel injection characteristics experiment is performed on the GD-1 system. And double-factor variance analysis is applied to investigate the influence of the rail pressure and injection pulse width on the consistency of fuel injection quantity, thus to test whether the design of structure parameters is sound accordingly. The results of experiment and test show that rail pressure and injection pulse width as well as their mutual-effect have no influence on the injection quantity consistency, which proves that the structure parameters design is successful and performance of GD-1 system is sound.

STUDY ON GEOGRAPHIC VARIATION OF DAHURIAN LARCH IN CHINA

Based on the main characteristics of growth, phenology and resistance at both seedling stage (one year old) and sampling stage (seven years old) of Dahurian larch (Larix gmelinii (Rupr.) Rupr.) from seventeen provenances in China ranging from 47 ° 10' to 52 ° 25' N and 119 ° 57' to 130 ° 25' E, the rules and patterns of infraspecific geographic variation have been studied by using variance analysis, correlation analysis, partial correlation analysis and regression analysis. The best provenance for local site and its neighborhood was selected according to the growth characteristics of seven years provenance test on Liangshui Experimental Forest Farm of Northeast Forestry University.

Optimization of Factors Influencing Adventitious Rooting in Hybrid Larch

Optimization of in vitro adventitious root induction contributes to the development of a large-scale production system of hybrid clone seedlings of larch(Larix spp.).We used orthogonal testing to investigate the factors that affect the rooting of hybrid larch shoots-activated carbon,vitamin B1,sucrose,glycine,glutamic acid(Glu),cysteine,pH,and induction time in the dark and indole-3-butyric acid(IBA).Variance analysis showed that the effects of sucrose concentration on rooting rate,survival rate,and average root number,pH on the average number of roots;and Glu on survival rate were all significant(p<0.05)when compared to the mock treatments.Among all of the 45 treatments,the highest rooting rate was 90%,the highest survival rate was 100%,and the highest average root number was 11.8.The theoretically optimal procedure of in vitro root induction of hybrid larch shoots is shoot induction on L9 modified medium(pH 6.7)containing 2 mg.L^(-1)naphthalene acetic acid,0.25 mg.L^(-1)IBA,1/3 macroelements,7.5 g.L^(-1)sucrose,and 5 mg.L^(-1)Glu for 8 days,and then root induction on L9 modified medium without auxin.

Research on China’s Population Structure in the New Situation

To analyze the impact of the“two-child policy”on the population size and structure,first of all,the birth rate,the ratio of men and women,and the ratio of urban and rural population are used as indicators.Before and after the dispersion,then establish a PDE model,and compare it with the population predicted by the gray forecast to analyze the mitigation of the ageing of the second child policy;continue to analyze the impact of changes in the population structure on the national economy,and select the male and female ratio and the labor population The urban-rural population ratio is used as an index to establish a multiple regression equation for analysis,and a related regression equation is obtained.Finally,the future marriage problem is analyzed,considering only the difference in the number of men and women entering the marriageable period at the same time.The difference in the number of marriageable populations is analyzed through the difference in the number of men and women born at birth,focusing on a dynamic perspective.

Wear Studies on Metal Matrix Composites: a Taguchi Approach

An attempt has been made to study the influence of wear parameters like applied load, sliding speed, sliding distance and percentage of reinforcement on the dry sliding wear of the metal matrix composites. A plan of experiments, based on techniques of Taguchi, was performed to acquire data in controlled way. An orthogonal array and the analysis of variance were employed to investigate the influence of process parameters on the wear of composites. The objective is to establish a correlation between dry sliding wear of composites and wear parameters. These correlations were obtained by multiple regressions. Finally, confirmation tests were conducted to verify the experimental results foreseen from the mentioned correlations.