Retro-labyrinthine Lesion Site Detected by Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation Elicited Vestibular-evoked Myogenic Potentials in Patients with Auditory Neuropathy

Objective Auditory neuropathy(AN)is a unique pattern of hearing loss with preservation of hair cell function.The condition is characterized by the presence of otoacoustic emissions(OAE)or cochlear microphonic(CM)responses with severe abnormalities of the auditory brainstem response(ABR).The vestibular branches of the VIII cranial nerve and the structures innervated by it can also be affected.However,the precise lesion sites in the vestibular system are not well characterized in patients with AN.Methods The air-conducted sound(ACS)vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials(VEMPs)and galvanic vestibular stimuli(GVS)-VEMPs were examined in 14 patients with AN.Results On examination of VEMPs(n=14,28 ears),the absent rates of ACS-cervical VEMP(cVEMP),ACS-ocular VEMP(oVEMP),GVS-cVEMP,GVS-oVEMP and caloric test were 92.9%(26/28),85.7%(24/28),67.9%(19/28),53.6%(15/28),and 61.5%(8/13),respectively.Impaired functions of the saccule,inferior vestibular nerve,utricle,superior vestibular nerve,and horizontal semicircular canal were found in 25.0%(7/28),67.9%(19/28),32.1%(9/28),53.6%(15/28)and 61.5%(8/13)patients,respectively.On comparing the elicited VEMPs parameters of AN patients with those of normal controls,both ACS-VEMPs and GVS-VEMPs showed abnormal results in AN patients(such as,lower presence rates,elevated thresholds,prolonged latencies,and decreased amplitudes).Conclusion The study suggested that patients with AN often have concomitant vestibular disorders.Retro-labyrinthine lesions were more frequently observed in this study.GVS-VEMPs combined with ACS-VEMPs may help identify the lesion sites and facilitate detection of areas of vestibular dysfunction in these patients.

A study on vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials via galvanic vestibular stimulation in normal people

Objectives: The aim of our study is to examine vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials(VEMPs) elicited by the galvanic vestibular stimulation in the sternocleidomastoid muscle(SCM) in healthy subjects for clinical applications of auditory neuropathy or vestibular neuropathy in the future.Methods: We enrolled sixteen healthy subjects to record the average responses of SCM to galvanic vestibular stimulation(GVS) [current 3 mA;duration 1 ms] by electromyography(EMG). SPSS 18.0 software was used to analyze the obtained data for mean and standard deviation.Results: In all healthy subjects mastoid-forehead galvanic vestibular stimulation produced a positive-negative biphasic EMG responses on SCM ipsilateral to the cathodal electrode. The latency of p13 was 11.7 ± 3.0 ms. The latency of n23 was 17.8 ± 3.4 ms. The amplitude of p13-n23 was147.0 ± 69.0 μV. The interaural asymmetry ratio(AR) of p13, n23 latency and the amplitude was respectively 0.12 ± 0.09, 0.08 ± 0.08 and0.16 ± 0.10.Discussions: Galvanic vestibular stimulation could elicit biphasic EMG responses from SCM via the vestibular nerve but not from the otolith organs. Galvanic stimulation together with air conducted sound(ACS) or bone conducted vibration(BCV) can elicit VEMPs and may enable the differentiation of retrolabyrinthine lesions from labyrinthine lesions in vestibular system.

Vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials recorded from miniature pigs and rats

Objective:To report vestibular evoked myogenic potentials from different recording sites(neck extensor or masseter muscles) in miniature pigs and rats.Methods:Potentials were recorded using 1000 Hz tone bursts from the neck extensor muscle or masseter muscle in normal adult Bama miniature pigs and rats anesthetized with 3%pentobarbital sodium and Sumianxin Ⅱ.Results:At 80 dB SPL,the first positive wave(P wave) of VEMPs was recognizable in 58%of rats with a latency of 6.45±0.23 ms and an amplitude of 1.45±0.49 μV when recorded from the neck extensor muscle,and in 50%of rats with a latency of 6.38±0.34 ms and an amplitude of 1.57±0.35 μV when recorded from the masseter muscle.In miniature pigs,at the same stimulus intensity,P wave was recognizable in 58%of the animals with a latency of 7.65±0.64 ms and an amplitude of 1.66±0.34 μV when recorded from the neck extensor muscle,and in 50%of the animals with a latency of 7.65±0.64 ms and an amplitude of 0.31±0.28 μV when recorded from the masseter muscle.Conclusion:VEMP can be induced from both neck extensor and masseter muscles in the miniature pig and rat.For a given species,the site of recording affects P wave induction rate and amplitude but not latency.Consistency and repeatability analysis suggests that the masseter muscle is a better recording site in miniature pigs while the cervical extensor is a better recording site in rats.For a given recording site,both latency and amplitude of the P wave are slightly greater in miniature pigs than in rats.

Vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials in miniature pigs

Objective:To report detection of vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs) in the miniature pig. Methods:Potentials evoked by 1000 Hz tone bursts were recorded from neck extensor muscles and the masseter muscles in normal adult Bama miniature pigs anesthetized with 3%pentobarbital sodium and Carbachol II. Results:The latency of the first positive wave P from neck extensor muscles was 7.65 ± 0.64 ms, with an amplitude of 1.66 ± 0.34 uv and a rate of successful induction of 75%at 80 dB SPL. The latency of potentials evoked from the masseter muscles was 7.60 ± 0.78 ms, with an amplitude of 1.31 ± 0.28 uv and a rate successful induction of 66%at 80 dB SPL. Conclusion:The latencies and thresholds of VEMPs recorded from the neck extensor muscle and the masseter muscle appear to be comparable in normal adult Bama miniature pigs, although the amplitude recorded from the neck extensor muscle seems to be higher than that from the masseter muscle. However, because of their usually relatively superficial and easily accessible location, as well as their large volume and strong contractions, masseter muscles may be better target muscles for recording myogenic potentials.

Masseter Vestibular evoked myogenic potentials: A new tool to assess the vestibulomasseteric reflex pathway

Purpose: This review article provides the readers with an in-depth insight in understanding and interpreting various research literatures on the masseter vestibular evoked myogenic potentials(mVEMP). The article also reviews the contemporary researches involving the clinical applications of the mVEMP. Conclusions: Masseter VEMP is an evolving yet clinically promising neuro-otology test tool that has recently gained more research interest and is considered an additional tool to diagnose various vestibular disorders. Masseter VEMP assesses the functional integrity of the acoustic-masseteric and vestibulo-masseteric reflex pathways. The mVEMP could be used as a complementary test to evaluate the same peripheral generator as the cervical VEMP but a different central pathway i.e., vestibulo-trigeminal pathway. Various research studies that have experimented on parameters such as the effect of different electrode montages(zygomatic vs mandibular configurations), stimulation rates, filter settings and stimuli used to evoke mVEMP have been discussed in this article that could assist in the optimization of a comprehensive clinical protocol. The latency and the amplitude of mVEMP waveforms serve as significant parameters in differentiating normals from those of the clinical populations. Along with the cVEMPs and oVEMPs, mVEMP might help diagnose brainstem lesions in REM Sleep behaviour disorders, Multiple Sclerosis and Parkinson's disease. However, further studies are required to probe in this area of research.

Vestibular evoked myogenic potentials in patients with diabetes mellitus

Although the exact mechanism and most involved region of the vestibular system have not yet been fully clarified, vestibular dysfunction has been demonstrated in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Vestibular evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) is a short latency electromyographic response to sound or vibration stimuli that may reflect otolith organ or related reflex functions. Since its first description in 1992, VEMP has become a significant part of the vestibular test battery as an objective measurement tool. In diabetic patients, VEMP responses have been studied in order to determine any otolith organ or related reflex dysfunctions. Here, we review the literature with regard to VEMP findings representing any peripheral vestibular end-organ dysfunction in patients with DM. Distinctive vestibular end-organ impairments seem to be demonstrated in patients with DM either with or without DNP via objective vestibular testing tools including VEMP recordings according to relevant studies. However, further studies with larger sample sizes are required to reveal the more definitive findings of VEMP recordings regarding the vestibular pathologies in patients with DM.

Evaluation of ocular and cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potentials in a conductive hearing loss model

Objective: To investigate the effects of conductive hearing loss(CHL) on vestibular evoked myogenic potentials(VEMPs) using a simulated CHL model, and to provide the basis for future studies.Methods: Twenty-one healthy subjects were recruited in this study. We measured ocular VEMPs(o VEMPs) and cervical VEMPs(c VEMPs) in these subjects by air-conduction sound(ACS) stimulation. CHL was simulated later by blocking the right external auditory canal with a soundproof earplug to evaluate its impacts on VEMPs. Subjects' responses before simulated CHL served as the control, and were compared to their responses following simulated CHL.Results: o VEMPs following simulated CHL showed decreased response rate, elevated thresholds, attenuated amplitudes and prolonged N1 latencies compared with those before simulated CHL, and the differences were statistically significant. Similarly, c VEMPs following simulated CHL also showed decreased response rate, elevated thresholds and attenuated amplitudes, with prolonged P1 latencies compared with those before simulated CHL, although only differences in response rate, threshold and amplitude were significant.Conclusions: Conductive hearing loss affects the response rate and other response parameters in o VEMPs and c VEMPs.

Vestibular function for children with insulin dependent diabetes using cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potentials testing

BACKGROUND Healthy vestibular system adjusts balance during static and dynamic conditions.This is important for normal development(standing up and walking).Vestipulopathies(central and peripheral)are common complications of diabetes in adult population.Related studies are scare in children with type 1 diabetes(T1D).AIM To assess saccular function of otolith organ in children with T1D and predictors for its dysfunction.METHODS Cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential(cVEMP)was used for objective evaluation.RESULTS The study included 40 patients(boys=15;girls=25).Patients had mean age of 13.63±1.50 years,duration of diabetes of 5.62±2.80 years,frequent attacks of diabetic ketoacidosis(55%)and hypoglycemia(30%),hyperlipidemia(20%),hypertension(12.5%)and peripheral neuropathy(40%).Dizziness was found in 10%.Compared to healthy children(n=25),patients had prolonged cVEMP P1 and N1 latencies and reduced P1-N1 amplitude.Bilateral cVEMP abnormalities were found in 60%(vs 25%for unilateral abnormalities).Higher frequencies and severe vestibulopathies were found with chronic diabetes of>5 years,hemoglobin A1c values>7%,frequent diabetic ketoacidosis and hypoglycemic attacks and presence of dizziness.Regression analyses showed that predictors for prolonged P1 latencies and reduced P1-N1 amplitudes were only chronic diabetes(>5 years){odds ratio(OR)=2.80[95%confidence interval(CI):1.80–5.33],P=0.01;OR=3.42(95%CI:2.82–6.81)}and its severity(hemoglobin A1c>7%)[OR=3.05(95%CI:2.55–6.82),P=0.01;OR=4.20(95%CI:3.55–8.50),P=0.001].CONCLUSION Dysfunction or injury of the saccular macula and its pathways is prevalent in children with T1D.Optimum glycemic control is important to prevent diabetes related vestipulopathies.

The effect of EMG magnitude on the masseter vestibular evoked myogenic potential(mVEMP)

Introduction:The masseter vestibular evoked myogenic potential(mVEMP)is a bilaterally generated,electromyographically(EMG)-mediated response innervated by the trigeminal nerve.The purpose of the present investigation was to 1)determine whether subjects could accurately achieve and maintain a range of EMG target levels,2)to examine the effects of varied EMG levels on the latencies and amplitudes of the mVEMP,and 3)to investigate the degree of side-to-side asymmetry and any effects of EMG activation.Methods:Subjects were nine neurologically and otologically normal young adults.A high-intensity tone burst was presented monaurally while subjects were seated upright and asked to match a range of EMG target levels by clenching their teeth.Recordings were made from the ipsilateral and contralateral masseter muscles referenced to the ear being monaurally stimulated.Results:We found that the tonic EMG target had no effect on mVEMP latency.Additionally,although mVEMP amplitudes“scaled”to the EMG target,there was a tendency for the subjects’EMG level to“undershoot”the EMG target levels greater than 50 mV.While some individuals did generate differences in EMG activation between sides,there were no significant differences on average EMG activation between sides.Further,while average corrected amplitude asymmetry was similar across EMG targets,some individuals demonstrated large,corrected amplitude asymmetry ratios.Conclusions:The results of this investigation suggest that,as with cVEMP recordings,the underlying EMG activation may vary between subjects and could impact mVEMP amplitudes,yet could be mitigated by amplitude correction techniques.Further it is important to be aware that even young normal subjects have difficulty maintaining large,tonic EMG activity during the mVEMP recording.

Vestibular evoked myogenic potential

Vestibular evoked myogenic potential(VEMP), is an electromyographic response of vestibular origin evoked by sound, vibration or electrical stimulation. VEMP is widely used as a clinical test of the otolith organs. Nowadays, two kinds of VEMP, cervical VEMP(cV EMP) and ocular VEMP(o VEMP) are clinically used. c VEMP is a test of sacculo-collic reflex while oV EMP is a test of utriculo-ocular reflex. Absence of responses, large interaural asymmetry of amplitudes, prolonged peak latencies, and abnormal thresholds of responses are regarded as abnormal responses. Clinical application to various diseases of the vestibular system was performed. Using VEMP, a new type of vestibular neuritis, inferior vestibular neuritis was established. A prominent feature of VEMP in Meniere's disease is a shift of a preferred frequency in cV EMP. The whole aspects of VEMP findings in patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo are not clarified yet. Sensitivity of cV EMP to vestibular schwannoma was 80.0%, while specificity was 52.7%. Concerning diagnosis of superior canal dehiscence syndrome(SCDS), o VEMP to air-conducted sound is the most helpful. Augmentation of o VEMP responses is a prominent feature in SCDS. I also presented "idiopathic otolithic vertigo", which I proposed as a new clinical entity based on VEMP findings. Some patients complained of lateral tilting sensation in the roll plane, or tilting or translational sensation in the pitch plane without rota-tory vertigo. Majority of patients with these symptoms had absent or decreased responses of o VEMP and/or c VEMP. I proposed that these patients could be diagnosed as having "idiopathic otolithic vertigo".

不同年龄段健听人颈性前庭诱发肌源性电位参数的研究

目的探讨颈性前庭诱发肌源性电位在不同年龄段健听人群中的正常参考值范围。方法将60例健康志愿者分为儿童组和成人组,利用丹麦WDH集团的Eclipse客观听觉测试平台分别进行颈性前庭诱发肌源性电位测试,对数据进行统计学分析。结果两组中左侧和右侧间P1、Nl潜伏期、P1-N1波间期、振幅、不对称比均无显著差异;两组中男性和女性间P1、Nl潜伏期、P1-N1波间期、振幅、不对称比均无显著差异;儿童组中P1正常值范围为13.97±1.46 ms,N1正常值范围为21.82±1.85 ms,振幅正常范围为100.71±91.17μV,波间期正常范围为7.85±1.12 ms;成人组中P1正常值范围为16.11±2.23 ms,N1正常值范围为24.66±2.35 ms,振幅正常范围为61.26±27.74μV,波间期正常范围为8.58±1.48 ms;两组之间P1、Nl潜伏期、P1-N1波间期、振幅均有显著差异(P<0.05),不对称比无显著差异。结论颈性前庭诱发肌源性电位的波形及参数与侧别、性别无相关性,潜伏期、波间期随年龄增长而延长,振幅随年龄的增长而减小。

直流电刺激诱发的前庭诱发肌源性电位儿童检测方法的建立

目的 建立健康儿童直流电刺激诱发(galvanic vestibular stimulation,GVS)的颈肌前庭诱发肌源性电位(cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential,cVEMP)和眼肌前庭诱发肌源性电位(ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potential,oVEMP)的检测方法,并确定正常范围。方法 对健康儿童20例(3~14岁)和健康成人24例(18~30岁)分别进行GVS-cVEMP和GVS-oVEMP检测,儿童组直流电刺激强度不超过3 mA,成人组最大刺激强度5 mA,记录两组GVS-cVEMP和GVS-oVEMP的引出率和特点,并进行不同刺激强度下的疼痛评分。结果 GVS-cVEMP和GVS-oVEMP在儿童组和成人组的引出率均为100.0%。儿童组GVS-cVEMP的p1潜伏期、n1潜伏期和p1-n1波间期分别为10.46±1.84 ms、16.98±2.12 ms和6.52±1.42 ms,n1潜伏期和p1-n1波间期较成人组明显缩短(P<0.05)。儿童组GVS-oVEMP的n1潜伏期、p1潜伏期和p1-n1波间期分别为8.87±1.40 ms、12.25±1.80 ms和3.39±1.07 ms,与成人组无明显差异。儿童组GVS-cVEMP和GVS-oVEMP的阈值均明显低于成人组(P<0.01),但振幅和振幅不对称比无明显差异。本文健康儿童检测结果可作为其正常范围。随着电流刺激强度的增加,受试者的疼痛评分增高,其对应的GVS-cVEMP和GVS-oVEMP的引出率也增加。结论 采取3 mA刺激强度和适宜的记录方法,可在3岁以上儿童及青少年人群中进行GVS-cVEMP和GVS-oVEMP检测并引出波形,并得到了其正常范围,儿童GVS-cVEMP潜伏期略短于成人,进行评估时,建议选取同年龄段健康儿童进行比较。

0~14岁儿童前庭诱发肌源性电位研究进展

在儿童中,平衡及前庭功能受损发生率较高,影响患儿听力和平衡能力,不及早干预将会影响其身心发展和正常生活学习。由于较小患儿不能准确表达他们的症状,且注意力保持时间短,需要一种安全有效的前庭测试评估患儿前庭功能。前庭诱发肌源性电位(vestibular evoked Myogenic potentials,VEMP)是一种耳石器功能评估方法,主要反映球囊和前庭上神经通路以及椭圆囊和前庭下神经通路功能,操作简便,安全有效,适用于儿童前庭功能评估。本文主要综述0~14岁儿童VEMP的检测方法和临床应用。

前庭诱发肌源性电位在帕金森病诊断中的应用

前庭诱发肌源性电位(VEMPs)是一种临床评估前庭功能的常用电生理检测技术。帕金森病患者常伴前庭功能异常,以VEMPs参数异常最为常见。本文在介绍VEMPs技术的基础上,就帕金森病患者VEMPs参数异常特征、与临床表型的关联性、潜在的病理生理学基础进行综述,为进一步的临床研究及应用提供新的思路。

正常人不同刺激声咬肌前庭肌源诱发性电位研究

目的探讨正常人使用不同刺激声诱发咬肌前庭肌源诱发性电位(masseter vestibular myogenic evoked potentials,mVEMP)的差异。方法选取听力正常的健康受试者31人,分别使用500、1000 Hz短纯音、短声作为刺激声进行咬肌前庭诱发肌源性电位测试,记录P11、P21波潜伏期、P11-N21波间期、P11-N21振幅值,计算潜伏期对称性系数、左右侧振幅比、左右侧振幅不对称比。结果不同刺激声诱发的P11波、N21波潜伏期、P11-N21波间期和P11-N21振幅值差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),潜伏期对称性系数、振幅比和振幅不对称比的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论使用500 Hz短纯音作为刺激声对听力正常的健康人诱发mVEMP,获得振幅更高,波形更易辨认,对振幅比、振幅不对称比结果无影响。

前庭诱发肌源性电位和耳蜗电图对急性低频感音神经性聋预后的预判价值

目的:探讨前庭诱发肌源性电位和耳蜗电图对急性低频感音神经性聋(acute low frequency sensorineural hearing loss,ALFHL)预后的预判价值。方法:收集2020年1月至2022年6月在重庆医科大学附属第一医院耳鼻咽喉科住院的60例单侧首次ALFHL患者的病历资料。所有患者入院后行耳蜗电图(electrocochleography,EcochG)、眼性前庭诱发肌源性电位(ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potential,oVEMP)、颈性前庭诱发肌源性电位(cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential,cVEMP)检查;于治疗开始前,治疗后1周、2周和1月行纯音测听检测。EcochG-SP/AP>0.4和SP/AP面积比>1.92为异常。cVEMP和oVEMP波形引出与否,振幅比(≤1.61)和不对称比(≤0.29),其中任何一项异常为异常。各组间率的比较采用卡方检验、McNemar检验和Mann-Whitney检验,ALFHL预后的危险因素分析采用单因素和多因素二元logistic回归分析。结果:60例ALFHL患者中,EcochG、cVEMP和oVEMP异常率分别为26.7%、23.3%和35.0%。EcochG和oVEMP异常率与患者年龄、性别、听力损失水平、治疗起始时间、有无伴耳闷和头晕无相关性。cVEMP异常率在听力损失>40dB HL的ALFHL中显著高于≤40 dB HL的患者(P<0.05)。EcochG、cVEMP和oVEMP异常的患者听力提高程度均低于其正常的患者(P<0.05)。单因素二元logistic回归分析发现,异常的EcochG、cVEMP和oVEMP是ALFHL不痊愈的危险因素(均P<0.05),而多因素二元logistic回归分析发现仅cVEMP和oVEMP是ALFHL不痊愈的独立危险因素(均P<0.05)。结论:异常的cVEMP和oVEMP是ALFHL患者不痊愈的独立危险因素,这可能与ALFHL患者球囊和椭圆囊内淋巴积水严重不易消退有关。检查cVEMP和oVEMP发现其异常,提示ALFHL患者不痊愈风险大。

前庭诱发肌源性电位频率调制的临床价值研究

前庭诱发肌源性电位(VEMP)作为评价椭圆囊和球囊功能及相应的神经传导通路的电生理检查技术,随着其不断完善和规范,此检查已广泛应用于各种疾病的临床诊断,本文主要就VEMP检查中的频率调制的临床价值进行讨论。

内耳畸形患儿人工耳蜗植入前后前庭诱发肌源性电位变化

目的探讨不同内耳畸形患儿人工耳蜗植入前后前庭诱发肌源性电位(vestibular evoked myogenic potential,VEMP)变化及其与前庭损伤症状的关系。方法2021年1月至6月间先天性重度感音神经性聋患儿29例,其中内耳结构正常12例(24耳),前庭水管扩大4例(8耳),Mondini畸形(耳蜗不全分隔II型合并前庭水管扩大)7例(14耳),共同腔畸形6例(12耳)。分别于术前1天及术后1个月CI关闭时进行颈性前庭诱发肌源性电位(cVEMP)和眼性前庭诱发肌源性电位(oVEMP)测试,术后1周内观察并记录患儿前庭功能损伤症状。结果术前cVEMP、oVEMP引出率分别为:内耳结构正常组73.68%(14/19)、88.89%(8/9),前庭水管扩大组100%(7/7)、100%(7/7),Mondini畸形组85.71%(12/14)、100%(10/10),共同腔畸形组22.22%(2/9)、0(0/7)。术后1周内前庭功能损害症状出现率为54.55%(12/22),术后一个月cVEMP和oVEMP引出率为50%(6/12)、45.45%(5/11);VEMP损伤率为88.89%(8/9)。结论VEMP可评估患儿人工耳蜗植入前后前庭功能,内耳畸形是植入前后VEMP变化的重要影响因素,VEMP测试结果可为人工耳蜗植入侧别的选择提供一定参考。

直流电刺激前庭诱发肌源性电位研究现状与进展

前庭诱发肌源性电位(vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials,VEMPs)目前广泛用于前庭疾病,尤其是前庭耳石器及其传导通路相关疾病的诊断。其刺激方式主要有气导刺激、骨导刺激和直流电刺激三种。气导和骨导刺激是主要的诱发方法,直流电刺激直接刺激前庭传入神经,临床和基础研究还不成熟,故本文主要对直流电刺激前庭诱发肌源性电位的理论依据、记录方法、结果分析和临床应用进行综述。

突发性耳聋听力损失与前庭功能异常关系的探讨

目的 探讨突发性耳聋(sudden sensorineural hearing loss, SSHL)患者听力损失程度与前庭功能之间的关系。方法 回顾性分析152例伴或不伴有眩晕症状的平坦型SSHL患者的临床资料。通过纯音听阈、眼前庭诱发肌源电位(ocular vestibular-evoked myogenic potential, oVEMP)、颈前庭诱发肌源电位(cervical vestibular-evoked myogenic potential, cVEMP)、冷热实验对患者的耳蜗和前庭功能进行评估。分析听力损失与前庭功能异常的关系。结果 有眩晕和无眩晕的SSHL患者的平均听阈(pure tone averages, PTAs)(mean±SD)分别为(86.81±11.74)dBHL和(71.46±21.88) dBHL。冷热实验异常和正常的SSHL患者的PTAs分别为(83.63±22.55) dBHL和(70.36±24.08) dBHL。cVEMP异常和正常的SSHL患者的PTAs分别为(86.37±22.19) dBHL和(78.56±24.25) dBHL。oVEMP异常和正常的SSHL患者的PTAs分别为(80.64±24.39) dBHL和(81.22±21.28) dBHL。伴眩晕患者的平均听力损失较不伴眩晕的患者重(P<0.001)。冷热实验、cVEMP异常患者比正常患者听力损失更严重(P=0.005、P=0.039),oVEMP结果正常与异常的患者,听力水平无统计学意义(P=0.879)。听力损失越严重,出现眩晕的可能更高(χ2=27.76,P<0.001),冷热实验结果异常也更为常见(χ2=10.469,P=0.005)。前庭诱发肌源性电位(VEMPs)结果与听力损失程度之间无明显一致的关系(χ2=3.671,P=0.160;χ2=4.242,P=0.120)。结论 眩晕可视为严重耳蜗损伤的标志,伴有眩晕或冷热试验异常的SSHL患者听力损失更严重。与VEMPs相比,冷热实验更能反映耳蜗损伤的严重程度,轻度听力损失的SSHL患者可能存在未被注意的前庭损伤机制。