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A PRELIMINARY APPROACH TO THE GEOTECTONIC EVOLUTION HISTORY AND MINERLIZATION IN VICTORIA, AUSTRALIA
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作者 DAI Ta-gen and CHEN Gua da (Dept. of Geology, Central South Univ., Changsha 410083, China) 《Geotectonica et Metallogenia》 2001年第1期37-44,共8页
According to the available data and field research, based on the diwa theory, the authors have studied the geotectonic evolution history and the associated minerlization in the Victoria area. It has been shown that th... According to the available data and field research, based on the diwa theory, the authors have studied the geotectonic evolution history and the associated minerlization in the Victoria area. It has been shown that this area is in fact a part of the Lachlan diwa region. The Victoria area can be divided into geodome fault fold zone and subsidence zone. The former can be subdivided into three zones, from west to east, which are western uplift zone, central depression zone and eastern uplift zone. The evolution history of the Victoria area can be divided into four stages——Pregeosyncline, geosyncline, plateform and diwa. Each stage has distinct sedimentary, magmatic and structural features. Of the four stages, diwa stage is the most important for minerlization. Diwa stage started in the Devonian. During the development of diwa, a number of granites, which are characterized by high SiO 2 and Na 2O+K 2O, were formed. The granites were abundance with mineral forming material. On the other hand, diwa geotectonism reformed and enriched the geosynclinal or platform ore deposits. Therefore, most of the ore deposits that occurred in the Victoria area are, more or less, related with diwa tectonism. 展开更多
关键词 DIWA theory minerlization GEOTECTONICS victoria
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Shared decision making in rural general practices:a qualitative exploration of older rural South Australians'perceived involvement in clinical consultations with doctors
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作者 Mohammad Hamiduzzaman Noore Siddiquee +4 位作者 Harry James Gaffney Frances Barraclough Aziz Rahman Jennene Greenhill Vicki Flood 《Global Health Journal》 2024年第3期140-146,共7页
Background:Shared decision-making(SDM)implementation is a priority for Australian health systems,including general practices but it remains complex for specific groups like older rural Australians.We initiated a quali... Background:Shared decision-making(SDM)implementation is a priority for Australian health systems,including general practices but it remains complex for specific groups like older rural Australians.We initiated a qualitative study with older rural Australians to explore barriers to and facilitators of SDM in local general practices.Methods:We conducted a patient-oriented research,partnering with older rural Australians,families,and health service providers in research design.Participants who visited general practices were purposively sampled from five small rural towns in South Australia.A semi-structured interview guide was used for interviews and reflexive thematic coding was conducted.Results:Telephone interviews were held with 27 participants.Four themes were identified around older rural adults’involvement in SDM:(1)Understanding of"patient involvement";(2)Positive and negative outcomes;(3)Barriers to SDM;and(4)Facilitators to SDM.Understanding of patient involvement in SDM considerably varied among participants,with some reporting their involvement was contingent on the“opportunity to ask questions”and the“treatment choices”offered to them.Alongside the opportunity for involvement,barriers such as avoidance of cultural care and a lack of continuity of care are new findings.Challenges encountered in SDM implementation also included resource constraints and time limitations in general practices.Rural knowledge of general practitioners and technology integration in consultations were viewed as potential enablers..Conclusion:Adequate resources and well-defined guidelines about the process should accompany the implementation of SDM in rural general practices of South Australia.Innovative strategies by general practitioners promoting health literacy and culturally-tailored communication approaches could increase older rural Australians'involvement in general. 展开更多
关键词 General practices Shared decision making Olderrural australians Patient involvement South australia
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Arsenic and major cation hydrogeochemistry of the Central Victorian (Australia) surface waters
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作者 Khawar SULTAN Kim DOWLING 《Journal of Environmental Sciences》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2006年第1期184-192,共9页
This paper reports on the major cations(Ca, Mg, Na and K) and arsenic(As) compositions of surface waters collected from major creeks, rivers and lakes in Central Victoria (Australia). The surface waters were fou... This paper reports on the major cations(Ca, Mg, Na and K) and arsenic(As) compositions of surface waters collected from major creeks, rivers and lakes in Central Victoria (Australia). The surface waters were found to be neutral to alkaline (pH 6.7-9.4), oxidised (average redox potential (Eh) about 130 mV) and showed variable concentrations of dissolved ions (EC, about 51-4386 /μS/cm). The concen- trations of dissolved major cations in surface waters were found to be in the order of Na〉〉Mg〉Ca〉K and in soils the contents of metals followed an order of abundance as: Ca〉Mg〉〉K〉Na. While Na was the least abundant in soils, it registered the highest dissolved cation in surface waters. Of the four major cations, the average concentration ofNa(98.7 mg/L) was attributed to the weathering of feldspars and atmospheric input. Relatively highly dissolved concentrations of Na and Mg compared with the world average values of rivers reflected the weathering of rock and soil minerals within the catchments. The As soil level is naturally high(linked to lithology) as reflected by high background soil values and mining operations are also considered to be a contributory factor. Under relatively alkaline-oxidative conditions low mobility of dissolved As (average about 7.9 μg/L) was observed in most of the surface waters with a few higher values(〉15 μg/L) around a sewage disposal site and mine railings. Arsenic in soils is slowly released into water under alkaline and/or lower Eh conditions. The efficient sink of Fe, AI and Mn oxides acts as a barrier against the As release under near neutral-oxidising conditions. High As content (average about 28.3 mg/kg) in soils was found to be associated with Fe-hydroxides as revealed by XRD and SEM analysis. The dissolved As concentration was found to be below the recommended maximum levels for recreational water in all surface waters(lakes and rivers) in the study area. Catchment lithology exerted the fundamental control on surface water chemistry. Sites impacted by mining waste dumps showed a decline in water quality. 展开更多
关键词 surface water major cations ARSENIC soil australia
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Multiple myeloma survival in New South Wales, Australia, by treatment era to 2020
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作者 Eleonora Feletto Qingwei Luo +5 位作者 Anna Kelly Marianne Weber David Goldsbury Katherine Barron Karen Canfell Xue Qin Yu 《Cancer Biology & Medicine》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第8期703-711,共9页
Objective: Australia has relatively high multiple myeloma(MM) incidence and mortality rates. Advancements in MM treatment over recent decades have driven improvements in MM survival in high-income countries;however, r... Objective: Australia has relatively high multiple myeloma(MM) incidence and mortality rates. Advancements in MM treatment over recent decades have driven improvements in MM survival in high-income countries;however, reporting in Australia is limited. We investigated temporal trends in population-wide MM survival across 3 periods of treatment advancements in New South Wales(NSW), Australia.Methods: Individuals with an MM diagnosis in the NSW Cancer Registry between 1985 and 2015 with vital follow-up to 2020, were categorized into 3 previously defined treatment eras according to their diagnosis date(1985±1995, chemotherapy only;1996±2007, autologous stem cell transplantation;and 2008±2015, novel agents including proteasome inhibitors and immunomodulatory drugs). Both relative survival and cause-specific survival according to Fine and Gray's competing risks cumulative incidence function were calculated by treatment era and age at diagnosis.Results: Overall, 11,591 individuals were included in the study, with a median age of 70 years at diagnosis. Five-year relative survival improved over the 36-year(1985±2020) study period(31.0% in 1985±1995;41.9% in 1996±2007;and 56.1% in 2008±2015). For individuals diagnosed before 70 years of age, the 5-year relative survival nearly doubled, from 36.5% in 1985±1995 to 68.5% in 2008±2015. Improvements for those > 70 years of age were less pronounced between 1985±1995 and 1996±2007;however, significant improvements were observed for those diagnosed in 2008±2015. Similar overall and age-specific patterns were observed for causespecific survival. After adjustment for gender and age at diagnosis, treatment era was strongly associated with both relative and cause-specific survival(P < 0.0001).Conclusions: Survival of individuals with MM is improving in Australia with treatment advances. However, older age groups continue to experience poor survival outcomes with only modest improvements over time. Given the increasing prevalence of MM in Australia, the effects of MM treatment on quality of life, particularly in older age, warrant further attention. 展开更多
关键词 Multiple myeloma cancer epidemiology survival analysis competing risk analysis australia
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The Making of a Health Profession:How Chinese Medicine Became a Nationally Registered Allied Health Profession in Australia
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作者 John L McDonald Judy B James 《Chinese Medicine and Culture》 2024年第1期51-62,共12页
In 2012, traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) practitioners in Australia became nationally-registered allied health professionals in three categories: acupuncturist, Chinese herbal medicine practitioner, and Chinese herb... In 2012, traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) practitioners in Australia became nationally-registered allied health professionals in three categories: acupuncturist, Chinese herbal medicine practitioner, and Chinese herbal medicine dispenser. Australia was the first Western country to introduce national registration for Chinese medicine, followed by Portugal and, recently, New Zealand. The practice of TCM in Australia can be traced back to the beginning of Chinese immigration to Australia during the Victorian Gold Rush which began in the 1850s. The process which led to national registration commenced in the early 1970s with the establishment of the first acupuncture courses. Decades of gradual development of courses from unaccredited part-time diplomas to accredited bachelor degrees, and the development, by the profession, of national consensus on educational standards were essential elements in the process which led to registration. Professional associations, such as the Australian Acupuncture and Chinese Medicine Association Ltd.(AACMA), also developed a framework of professional selfregulation, including Codes of Ethics, Codes of Conduct, ongoing professional development requirements and Infection Control Guidelines, and provided leadership in the development of the profession. After decades of tribalism and division within the TCM profession, the National Academic Standards Committee brought almost all stakeholders together to reach a consensus on the Australian Guidelines for Traditional Chinese Medicine Education which were published by AACMA in 2001. Professional associations also collaborated on joint submissions to the government in support of registration, which was introduced first in the state of Victoria in 2000, and subsequently became national in 2012. Despite national registration, some barriers still remain, and professional associations continue to lobby the federal government for inclusion in Medicare, chronic disease management scheme, and Veterans Affairs. 展开更多
关键词 ACUPUNCTURE Chinese medicine REGISTRATION Regulation Education Standards australia TCM
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2006~2007年深圳市Victoria系B型流感病毒HA1基因特性的分析 被引量:4
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作者 周丽 吕星 +1 位作者 程小雯 房师松 《中国卫生检验杂志》 CAS 2008年第5期847-848,925,共3页
目的:了解2006-2007年深圳市Victoria系B型流感病毒流行情况及HA1基因特性。方法:用狗肾传代细胞(MDCK)和鸡胚进行流感病毒分离,将分离到的Victoria系B型流感毒株进行血凝素HA片段核苷酸序列测定并推导出其氨基酸序列,用SIMMONIC软... 目的:了解2006-2007年深圳市Victoria系B型流感病毒流行情况及HA1基因特性。方法:用狗肾传代细胞(MDCK)和鸡胚进行流感病毒分离,将分离到的Victoria系B型流感毒株进行血凝素HA片段核苷酸序列测定并推导出其氨基酸序列,用SIMMONIC软件和Mega软件对其进行分析。结果:2006-2007年深圳分离培养到的Victoria系流感毒株与同时段的疫苗株B/Malaysia/2506/04、国内代表株B/Shenzhen/155/05的核苷酸同源性极高,没有发生较大的变异;2006-2007年深圳所有的Victoria系株均在134号位点上发生了Ser到Pro的替换。除此之外,还存在个别的氨基酸点变异,部分的变异位点处在HA1区的抗原表位,会导致病毒的抗原性改变。结论:本研究未发现2007年深圳流行的Vic-toria系B型流感毒株与2006年的流行株在HA1片段有明显的氨基酸变异。 展开更多
关键词 victoria B型流感 HA1基因特性 糖基化位点
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王莲属(Victoria)植物分类学地位的确立 被引量:1
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作者 李淑娟 尉倩 +2 位作者 尚煜东 刘安成 吴永朋 《自然杂志》 2017年第4期293-298,共6页
王莲是世界著名的热带水生观赏植物,有"水生花王"之称,深受人们的喜爱。在相关文献记载中,其发现人和植物学命名人说法各异,拉丁名混乱不一,影响对王莲的进一步研究。通过查阅原始资料,考证了王莲属分类学地位的确立及物种命... 王莲是世界著名的热带水生观赏植物,有"水生花王"之称,深受人们的喜爱。在相关文献记载中,其发现人和植物学命名人说法各异,拉丁名混乱不一,影响对王莲的进一步研究。通过查阅原始资料,考证了王莲属分类学地位的确立及物种命名的历史,探究了种名出现错误的原因。结果表明,王莲的属名是以维多利亚女王的名字Victoria来命名的,由John Lindley先生在1837年确立,该属有两个种,亚马逊王莲和克鲁兹王莲。亚马逊王莲的发现与命名一直颇受争议,目前,被广泛接受的种名是Victoria amazonica(Poepp.)J.C.Sowerby,该学名由皇家植物学会的秘书长James De Carle Sowerby先生于1850年确定;克鲁兹王莲的种名是Victoria cruziana A.D’Orbigny,由Alcide D'Orbigny先生1840年命名。 展开更多
关键词 王莲属(victoria) 发现 命名史
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北太平洋海温Victoria模态与ENSO年际关系的非对称特征 被引量:1
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作者 祁莉 毛欣 张文君 《大气科学学报》 CSCD 北大核心 2022年第2期280-291,共12页
利用美国NOAA海表温度资料,重点分析了北太平洋海温异常EOF第二模态Victoria模态(VM)与ENSO年际关系的非对称特征。研究发现,VM和ENSO在年代际尺度上相关性较弱,而在年际尺度上有很好的相关关系,两者同期为负相关,VM超前1 a为正相关。然... 利用美国NOAA海表温度资料,重点分析了北太平洋海温异常EOF第二模态Victoria模态(VM)与ENSO年际关系的非对称特征。研究发现,VM和ENSO在年代际尺度上相关性较弱,而在年际尺度上有很好的相关关系,两者同期为负相关,VM超前1 a为正相关。然而,正负VM事件与ENSO冷暖位相在年际尺度上的联系存在着一定的非对称性。正VM事件与同年冬季热带中东太平洋海温异常的联系较弱,但次年常有厄尔尼诺事件发生;相比较而言,负VM事件在同年一般都有厄尔尼诺事件伴随发生,而与次年冬季热带中东太平洋海温没有显著联系,且很少有ENSO事件发生。由此可见,正VM事件对次年厄尔尼诺的发生发展似乎有促进作用,可作为ENSO前期预报因子之一,而负VM事件不能作为ENSO的前期预报因子。 展开更多
关键词 北太平洋海温 victoria模态 ENSO 非对称性
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商标淡化理论的新转折——评美国Victoria's Secret案 被引量:8
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作者 马宁 杨晖 《电子知识产权》 CSSCI 2004年第2期42-44,共3页
2003年3月,美国联邦最高法院对一则经过两审的商标淡化争议案件-Moseley V.Secret Cara-logue,Inc.(简称Victoria′Secret)一案作出终审判决,从而结束了围绕联邦商标反淡化法(FTDA)实施以来司法实践中见解不一的局面,使商标淡化理论发... 2003年3月,美国联邦最高法院对一则经过两审的商标淡化争议案件-Moseley V.Secret Cara-logue,Inc.(简称Victoria′Secret)一案作出终审判决,从而结束了围绕联邦商标反淡化法(FTDA)实施以来司法实践中见解不一的局面,使商标淡化理论发生了新的转折.该案的判决对我们全面理解、运用商标淡化理论提供了借鉴,并将对我国在美企业的商标策略产生一定的影响. 展开更多
关键词 商标淡化理论 美国 商标策略 victoria’s Secret案 立法 驰名商标 司法工作 贸易投资
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Epidemiology and outcomes of acute liver failure in Australia 被引量:1
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作者 Penelope Hey Timothy P Hanrahan +11 位作者 Marie Sinclair Adam G Testro Peter W Angus Adam Peterson Stephen Warrillow Rinaldo Bellomo Marcos V Perini Graham Starkey Robert M Jones Michael Fink Tess McClure Paul Gow 《World Journal of Hepatology》 CAS 2019年第7期586-595,共10页
BACKGROUND Acute liver failure (ALF) is a life-threatening syndrome with varying aetiologies requiring complex care and multidisciplinary management. Its changing incidence, aetiology and outcomes over the last 16 yea... BACKGROUND Acute liver failure (ALF) is a life-threatening syndrome with varying aetiologies requiring complex care and multidisciplinary management. Its changing incidence, aetiology and outcomes over the last 16 years in the Australian context remain uncertain. AIM To describe the changing incidence, aetiology and outcomes of ALF in South Eastern Australia. METHODS The database of the Victorian Liver Transplant Unit was interrogated to identify all cases of ALF in adults (> 16 years) in adults hospitalised between January 2002 and December 2017. Overall, 169 patients meeting criteria for ALF were identified. Demographics, aetiology of ALF, rates of transplantation and outcomes were collected for all patients. Transplant free survival and overall survival (OS) were assessed based on survival to discharge from hospital. Results were compared to data from a historical cohort from the same unit from 1988- 2001. RESULTS Paracetamol was the most common aetiology of acute liver failure, accounting for 50% of cases, with an increased incidence compared with the historical cohort (P = 0.046). Viral hepatitis and non-paracetamol drug or toxin induced liver injury accounted for 15% and 10% of cases respectively. Transplant free survival (TFS) improved significantly compared to the historical cohort (52% vs 38%, P = 0.032). TFS was highest in paracetamol toxicity with spontaneous recovery in 72% of cases compared to 31% of non-paracetamol ALF (P < 0.001). Fifty-nine patients were waitlisted for emergency liver transplantation. Nine of these died while waiting for an organ to become available. Forty-two patients (25%) underwent emergency liver transplantation with a 1, 3 and 5 year survival of 81%, 78% and 72% respectively. CONCLUSION Paracetamol toxicity is the most common aetiology of ALF in South-Eastern Australia with a rising incidence over 30 years. TFS has improved, however it remains low in non-paracetamol ALF. 展开更多
关键词 LIVER failure ACUTE PARACETAMOL australia victoria LIVER TRANSPLANT
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王莲(Victoria)杂交后代表型观察分析 被引量:2
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作者 李淑娟 尉倩 +2 位作者 尚煜东 吴永朋 刘安成 《植物遗传资源学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2017年第5期974-983,共10页
以克鲁兹王莲ב朗伍德王莲自交后代’的58个后代为材料,观察分析了叶片卷边颜色、花蕾形状、萼片颜色、萼片着刺数、第1晚和第2晚花色等10个主要性状的分离情况,并对个体性状分离类型进行了聚类。结果表明,其后代性状分离极为广泛... 以克鲁兹王莲ב朗伍德王莲自交后代’的58个后代为材料,观察分析了叶片卷边颜色、花蕾形状、萼片颜色、萼片着刺数、第1晚和第2晚花色等10个主要性状的分离情况,并对个体性状分离类型进行了聚类。结果表明,其后代性状分离极为广泛,主要表现为负向中亲优势、正向中亲优势和超亲优势。第1晚内瓣色、拟雄蕊尖色、第2晚内瓣色、第2晚外瓣色及第2晚内外瓣色差5个性状之间有高度或显著相关性,其余相关性较低;卷边色、蕾形、萼片颜色、着刺数及第1晚外瓣色5个性状独立遗传的可能性大。个体性状分离类型丰富,主要可分为7大类,绿叶粉花白芯型、红叶玫红花白芯型、绿叶玫红花深玫红芯型、红叶玫红花深玫红芯型、绿叶深玫红花白芯型、红叶粉花深玫红芯型、绿叶萼多刺玫红花白芯型。 展开更多
关键词 王莲 杂交 后代 性状分离
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Constraints on early Paleozoic magmatic processes and tectonic setting of Inexpressible Island, Northern Victoria Land, Antarctica 被引量:2
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作者 CHEN Hong WANG Wei ZHAO Yue 《Advances in Polar Science》 CSCD 2019年第1期52-69,共18页
During the Cambrian and Ordovician, widespread magmatic activity occurred in the Ross Orogen of central Antarctica, forming the Granite Harbor Intrusives and Terra Nova Intrusive Complex. In the Terra Nova Intrusive C... During the Cambrian and Ordovician, widespread magmatic activity occurred in the Ross Orogen of central Antarctica, forming the Granite Harbor Intrusives and Terra Nova Intrusive Complex. In the Terra Nova Intrusive Complex, the latest magmatic activity comprised the emplacement of the Abbott Unit(508 Ma) and the Vegetation Unit(~475 Ma), which were formed in different tectonic settings. Owing to their similar lithological features, the tectonic transformation that occurred between the formation of these two units has not been well studied. Through a detailed geological field investigation and geochemical and geochronological analyses, four types of magmatic rock—basalt, syenite, mafic veins, and granite veins—were identified on Inexpressible Island, Northern Victoria Land. Our SHRIMP(Sensitive High Resolution Ion Micro Probe) zircon U–Pb ages of the basalt and the granite veins are 504.7 ± 3.1 and 495.5 ± 4.9 Ma, respectively. Major-and trace-element data indicate a continental-margin island-arc setting for the formation of these two rock types. The zircon U–Pb ages of the syenite and the monzodiorite veins are 485.8 ± 5.7 and 478.5 ± 4.0 Ma, respectively. Major-and trace-element compositions suggest a collisional setting for the former and an intracontinental extensional setting for the latter. These results elucidate the evolution from subduction to collision and intracontinental extension in Northern Victoria Land during the 20 Ma spanning the late Cambrian–Early Ordovician and improve our understanding of the tectonics and evolution of the Ross Orogen in the Transantarctic Mountains. 展开更多
关键词 Northern victoria Land Ross OROGEN Early PALEOZOIC MAGMATISM ISLAND-ARC intracontinental extension
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Update of Meat Standards Australia and the cuts based grading scheme for beef and sheepmeat 被引量:2
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作者 Sarah P.F.Bonny Rachel A.O'Reilly +3 位作者 David W.Pethick Graham E.Gardner Jean-Francois Hocquette Liselotte Pannier 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2018年第7期1641-1654,共14页
Changing markets and evolving consumer demand present new challenges for the beef and sheep industries. In response, the industry has been investing in innovations to deliver new products and management systems to con... Changing markets and evolving consumer demand present new challenges for the beef and sheep industries. In response, the industry has been investing in innovations to deliver new products and management systems to consumers. One such innovation is the Meat Standards Australia(MSA) system. This system is a Total Quality Management System, aimed at delivering an eating quality guarantee to consumers, and through this adding value to the entire supply chain. At present, it is well developed for beef and still evolving for sheepmeat. MSA has identified Critical Control Points(CCPs) in the production, pre-slaughter, processing and value-adding aspects of the supply chain that impact on consumer palatability through the large-scale taste testing of meat by untrained consumers. These CCPs are used as either(1) mandatory criteria determining eligibility for grading, and(2) inputs in a model predicting the palatability of individual combinations of muscle and different cooking methods. Through the prediction of palatability, MSA increases consumer satisfaction and is used to provide assurance for branded products and new marketing innovations in Australia and internationally. This has added significant value to the Australian beef industry, with several retail examples demonstrating consumer willingness to pay more for premium quality beef and sheepmeat products based on the MSA grading scores. This price differential at retail allows the value of the carcass to be calculated based on the eating quality as well as the volume produced, thereby delivering a financial reward for farmers producing high quality carcasses. The continuous quality scale of MSA allows producers to realise the financial gain of incremental improvements in quality, as well as the precise economic weights associated with traits such as marbling, ossification score, or breed. The use of MSA in this fashion has underpinned a new and innovative supply chain where the pricing is transparent and allows producers to make informed decisions to modify both quality and yield traits. To date, the MSA system for beef has proved to be effective in predicting beef palatability not only in Australia but also in many other countries(France, Poland, Ireland, Northern Ireland, Japan, South Korea, New-Zealand, the USA and South Africa). In Europe, results of the Pro Safe Beef and Pro Opti Beef projects as well as other national projects demonstrate the potential to develop an MSA-like international grading system for the supply chain in the EU, despite thediverse cultures and complex beef production systems within the member states. International testing in lamb has only just begun and preliminary results are discussed here. 展开更多
关键词 eating quality consumer BEEF sheep Meat Standards australia international cut
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Implications of Papyrus (<i>Cyperus papyrus</i>L.) Biomass Harvesting on Nutrient Regulation in Nyando Floodplain Wetland, Lake Victoria, Kenya 被引量:2
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作者 P. J. K. Rongoei S. T. Kariuki 《Open Journal of Ecology》 2019年第10期443-457,共15页
Harvesting of papyrus biomass plays a significant role in regulating ecosystem services of which one of them is nutrient uptake and cycling. Despite Lake Victoria’s wetlands being important, little is understood abou... Harvesting of papyrus biomass plays a significant role in regulating ecosystem services of which one of them is nutrient uptake and cycling. Despite Lake Victoria’s wetlands being important, little is understood about its role in nutrient uptake and removal. Although there have been studies done in these wetlands, there is inadequate understanding on the implication of unselective biomass harvesting on the water quality of Lake Vitoria. At the same time, these wetlands are threatened by livelihood-related pressures which are driven by extreme hydrological regimes. This study focused on Nyando floodplain wetland located in the Eastern part of the shores of Lake Victoria which is a lifeline to many rural communities living around the lake. Papyrus biomass harvesting was assessed in two study sites of Nyando wetland and at different seasons in order to determine its implication on nutrient regulating services. Participatory tools, field survey, observation, field measurements and laboratory analysis were used. Harvesting of papyrus removed 530.6 Kg N/g DM/ha/day and 97 Kg P/g DM/ha/day in Ogenya while 771.2 Kg N/g DM/ha/day and 109.2 Kg P/g DM/ha/day were removed in Wasare. However, addition of nutrients to the wetland may lead to the problem of eutrophication especially at the site where interaction of wetland and lake water occurs. Understanding the role of papyrus harvesting patterns is crucial for better planning and management of this complex resource in a changing environment. 展开更多
关键词 Papyrus BIOMASS Growth Stages NUTRIENTS Nyando WETLAND Lake victoria
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Wireless Sensor Networks for Water Quality Monitoring and Control within Lake Victoria Basin: Prototype Development 被引量:4
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作者 Anthony Faustine Aloys N. Mvuma +3 位作者 Hector J. Mongi Maria C. Gabriel Albino J. Tenge Samuel B. Kucel 《Wireless Sensor Network》 2014年第12期281-290,共10页
The need for effective and efficient monitoring, evaluation and control of water quality in Lake Victoria Basin (LVB) has become more demanding in this era of urbanization, population growth and climate change and var... The need for effective and efficient monitoring, evaluation and control of water quality in Lake Victoria Basin (LVB) has become more demanding in this era of urbanization, population growth and climate change and variability. Traditional methods that rely on collecting water samples, testing and analyses in water laboratories are not only costly but also lack capability for real-time data capture, analyses and fast dissemination of information to relevant stakeholders for making timely and informed decisions. In this paper, a Water Sensor Network (WSN) system prototype developed for water quality monitoring in LVB is presented. The development was preceded by evaluation of prevailing environment including availability of cellular network coverage at the site of operation. The system consists of an Arduino microcontroller, water quality sensors, and a wireless network connection module. It detects water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, and electrical conductivity in real-time and disseminates the information in graphical and tabular formats to relevant stakeholders through a web-based portal and mobile phone platforms. The experimental results show that the system has great prospect and can be used to operate in real world environment for optimum control and protection of water resources by providing key actors with relevant and timely information to facilitate quick action taking. 展开更多
关键词 Wireless SENSOR Networks LAKE victoria BASIN GATEWAY SENSOR NODES
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Population structure of Haliotis rubra from South Australia inferred from nuclear and mtDNA analyses 被引量:1
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作者 LI Zhongbao Sharon A Appleyard Nicholas G Elliott 《Acta Oceanologica Sinica》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2006年第4期99-112,共14页
Microsatellite loci and mtDNA-RFLPs were surveyed in four spatially separated populations of Haliotis rubra and two populations of putative Haliotis conicorpora from South Australia. A high level of microsatellite gen... Microsatellite loci and mtDNA-RFLPs were surveyed in four spatially separated populations of Haliotis rubra and two populations of putative Haliotis conicorpora from South Australia. A high level of microsatellite genetic diversity was observed in all populations although several loci were characterized by homozygote excesses, probably due to null alleles. MtDNA variation was also moderate with an average of 80% haplotype variation across the six populations. Despite the high levels of genetic variation, significant pair-wise spatial differentiation is not detected among the populations. Hierarchical AMOVA analysis revealed very low levels of genetic partitioning on either a spatial or putative species level. Both molecular techniques revealed little genetic differentiation across the six populations, suggesting a panmictic population model for these South Australian abalone populations. Furthermore, no molecular evidence suggests that the putative H. conicorpora individuals sampled from South Australia belong to a separate species. 展开更多
关键词 Haliotis rubra H. conicorpora South australia genetic diversity genetic differentiation mtDNA-RFLPs microsatellites
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Influence of Land Use Activities on Spatial and Temporal Variation of Nutrient Deposition in Mwanza Region: Implication to the Atmospheric Loading to the Lake Victoria 被引量:2
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作者 Said Ali Hamad Vuai John D. Ibembe Nancy W. Mungai 《Atmospheric and Climate Sciences》 2013年第2期224-234,共11页
Increase in population growth and the associated activities have increased the nutrient input to the Lake Victoria through atmosphere and river discharge. Atmospheric input of nutrient is believed to exceed that of ri... Increase in population growth and the associated activities have increased the nutrient input to the Lake Victoria through atmosphere and river discharge. Atmospheric input of nutrient is believed to exceed that of river discharge due to relatively higher contribution of water mass to the Lake from atmosphere. However, precipitation characteristics with respect to nutrients have not been well studied to allow qualification and quantification of atmospheric contribution to the Lake Victoria. This study was conducted to investigate influence of land use activities on spatial and temporal variation of nutrient inputs from atmosphere and to estimate atmospheric loading to the Lake Victoria. The results revealed that there is significant spatial and temporal variation of nutrient deposition in the study area. High concentrations of nutrients were observed during short rains starting from September to December. This was attributed to dissolution of nutrients from soil particals and ash residues due to biomass burning accumulated in the atmosphere during dry season of June to August. Spatial variation of nutrients reflects land use activities. Urban and peri-urban areas showed very high concentration of nitrate nitrogen due to industrial and vehicle emission while rural area showed high concentration of phosphorous species and reduced forms of nitrogen species reflecting agricultural activities and animal keeping. Generally, nutrient deposition load was higher in rural area compared to urban with respective values of 15.5 and 13.9 kg·haˉ1·yˉ1 for total nitrogen and 6.1 and 2.8 kg·haˉ1·yˉ1 for total phosphorous. These results suggest that in order to realize significant reduction of nutrient input to the Lake Victoria, measures should be taken to control agricultural activities through proper land use planning. The measure may be directed to reduce biomass burning, emission from industries and vehicle as well as animal residue. 展开更多
关键词 NUTRIENT LANDUSE LAKE victoria Precipitation Atmospheric POLLUTION
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No evidence for a genetic association between female mating preference and male secondary sexual trait in a Lake Victoria cichlid fish 被引量:3
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作者 Inke van der SLUIJS Ole SEEHAUSEN +1 位作者 Tom J.M.Van DOOREN Jacques J.M.van ALPHEN 《Current Zoology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 北大核心 2010年第1期57-64,共8页
Sexual selection by female mating preference for male nuptial coloration has been suggested as a driving force in the rapid speciation of Lake Victoria cichlid fish. This process could have been facilitated or acceler... Sexual selection by female mating preference for male nuptial coloration has been suggested as a driving force in the rapid speciation of Lake Victoria cichlid fish. This process could have been facilitated or accelerated by genetic associations between female preference loci and male coloration loci. Preferences, as well as coloration, are heritable traits and are probably determined by more than one gene. However, little is known about potential genetic associations between these traits. In turbid water, we found a population that is variable in male nuptial coloration from blue to yellow to red. Males at the extreme ends of the phenotype distribution resemble a reproductively isolated species pair in clear water that has diverged into one species with blue-grey males and one species with bright red males. Females of the turbid water population vary in mating preference coinciding with the male phenotype distribution. For the current study, these females were mated to blue males. We measured the coloration of the sires and male offspring. Parents-offspring regression showed that the sires did not affect male offspring coloration, which confirms earlier findings that the blue species breeds true. In contrast, male offspring coloration was determined by the identity of the dams, which suggests that there is heritable variation in male color genes between females. However, we found that mating preferences of the dams were not correlated with male offspring coloration. Thus, there is no evidence for strong genetic linkage between mating preference and the preferred trait in this population [Current Zoology 56 (1): 57-64 2010]. 展开更多
关键词 SPECIATION Sexual selection Mate choice Genetic association Cichlid fish Lake victoria
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Exploring Themes in the Movie Australia on Culture Identity Theories 被引量:3
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作者 王成珍 《海外英语》 2014年第5X期202-206,共5页
Gathering the history and emotions of the nation of Australia,the movie Australia not only reflects Australians’exertion to construct an equal harmonious diversified new Australia but also incarnates Australian peopl... Gathering the history and emotions of the nation of Australia,the movie Australia not only reflects Australians’exertion to construct an equal harmonious diversified new Australia but also incarnates Australian people’s nisus to pursue the sense of belonging internally and seek international recognition externally.In order to expand the perspective of researching this movie and give enlightenment on constructing an equal harmonious diversified international community,based on culture identity theories,this paper tries exploring the themes of this movie. 展开更多
关键词 CULTURE IDENTITY australia themes NEW australia
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CCS Research Development and Deployment in a Clean Energy Future: Lessons from Australia over the Past Two Decades 被引量:4
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作者 Peter J. Cook 《Engineering》 SCIE EI 2017年第4期477-484,共8页
There is widespread, though by no means universal, recognition of the importance of carbon capture and storage (CCS) as a carbon mitigation technology. However, the rate of deployment does not match what is required... There is widespread, though by no means universal, recognition of the importance of carbon capture and storage (CCS) as a carbon mitigation technology. However, the rate of deployment does not match what is required for global temperatures to stay well below 2℃. Although some consider the hurdles to achieving the widespread application of CCS to he almost insurmountable, a more optimistic view is that a great deal is now known about CCS through research, demonstration, and deployment. We know how to do it; we are confident it can be done safely and effectively; we know what it costs; and we know that costs are decreasing and will continue to do so. We also know that the world will need CCS as long as countries, companies, and communities continue to use fossil fuels for energy and industrial processes. What is lacking are the necessary policy drivers, along with a technology-neutral approach to decrease carbon emissions in a cost-effective and timely manner while retaining the undoubted benefits of ready access to reliable and secure electricity and energy-intensive industrial products. In this paper, Australia is used as an example of what has been undertaken in CCS over the past 20 years, particularly in research and demonstration, hut also in international collaboration. Progress in the large-scale deployment of CCS in Australia has been too slow. However, the world's largest storage project will soon be operational in Australia as part of the Gorgon liquefied natural gas (LNG) project, and investigations are underway into several large-scale CCS Flagship program opportunities. The organization and progress of the Cooperative Research Centre for Greenhouse Gas Technologies (CO2CRC) Otway Project, which is currently Australia's only operational storage project, is discussed in some detail because of its relevance to the commercial deployment of CCS. The point is made that there is scope for building on this Otway activity to investigate more broadly (through the proposed Otway Stage 3 and Deep Earth Energy and Environment Programme (AusDEEP)) the role of the subsurface in carbon reduction. There are challenges ahead if CCS is to he deployed as widely as bodies such as the International Energy Agency (IEA) and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) consider to be necessary. Closer international collaboration in CCS will be essential to meeting that challenge. 展开更多
关键词 Carbon dioxide Carbon capture and storage Otway australia
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