跨学科视野下对Point of View的重新界定

在西方叙事作品研究界,“point of view”自20世纪初以来一直是一个核心概念和热门话题。叙事学和文体学都十分关注这一话题。表面上看,两个学派对“point of view”进行了大致相同的探讨,而实际上两者在理念和路径上各行其道且相互排斥。叙事学界在探讨“point of view”时,将其囿于观察者的感知(区分“谁说”和“谁感知”),这种自我限制不合情理。与此相对照,文体学在探讨“point of view”时,聚焦于叙述者(说话者)的立场态度,这种自我限制也造成了很大问题。这两个学派在探讨“point of view”时各自的片面性以及相互之间的排他性还导致了不少理论上的混乱。这也对国内的研究造成了影响。本文在指出以往问题的基础上,对“point of view”提出切合实际的新的界定,旨在通过这一新的界定帮助推进理论探讨的发展并促进跨学科研究,以便对叙事作品进行更好、更为全面的分析。

Child’s Point of View vs.Adult’s in Melville’s Early Two Stories

This paper aims to study the functions of two different points of view from the perspective of narratology,namely,the point of view of the adult and the one of the child,in two of Herman Melville’s early stories.By contrasting these two functions of the different perspectives,the author of this paper draws the conclusion that the child has a unique and significant perspective in Melville’s works.

Overview of 3D Scene Viewpoints evaluation method

The research on 3D scene viewpoints has been a frontier problem in computer graphics and virtual reality technology.In a pioneering study,it had been extensively used in virtual scene understanding,image-based modeling,and visualization computing.With the development of computer graphics and the human-computer interaction,the viewpoint evaluation becomes more significant for the comprehensive understanding of complex scenes.The high-quality viewpoints could navigate observers to the region of interest,help subjects to seek the hidden relations of hierarchical structure,and improve the efficiency of virtual exploration.These studies later contributed to research such as robot vision,dynamic scene planning,virtual driving and artificial intelligence navigation.The introduction of visual perception had The introduction of visual perception had contributed to the inspiration of viewpoints research,and the combination with machine learning made significant progress in the viewpoints selection.The viewpoints research also has been significant in the optimization of global lighting,visualization calculation,3D supervising rendering,and reconstruction of a virtual scene.Additionally,it has a huge potential in novel fields such as 3D model retrieval,virtual tactile analysis,human visual perception research,salient point calculation,ray tracing optimization,molecular visualization,and intelligent scene computing.

An Interpretation of Points of View in A Thousand Splendid Suns

As the second bestseller of Khaled Hosseini' s novels that spread all over the world,A Thousand Splendid Suns embodies the quite impressive and infective writing techniques and narrative power of its writer and it also shows the unique language style of Hosseini.This paper gives an explanation of the narrative point of view and analyses the specific examples in the text.Through deepening the transition of third-person point of view between the two characters,the paper demonstrates its stylistic effects in arranging the textual structure as well as building the characters,thus deepen the theme of the whole story.

Multiple Point of View as a Deconstructing Strategy——A Poststructuralist Perspective on Lord Jim

Joseph Conrad's Lord Jim ranks among the modern novels not for its story,but for its unconventional narrative strategies of the comparatively simple plot,especially its employment of multiple point of view as a deconstructing strategy,rendering the text incapable of unambiguous interpretation.The only possible way for the reader to understand it is by active participation,finding out the thread of logic in the chaotic psyche of the multiple narrators.

Health Providers’ Points of View on the Impact of the Project to Strengthen the Expanded Program of Routine Vaccination from 2014 to 2018 in the Barumbu Health Zone in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo

According to the World Health Organization, approximately 3 million deaths are prevented each year in the world thanks to vaccination and then, in addition, each year, it makes it possible to avoid nearly 750,000 children suffering from serious physical, mental or neurological handicaps and 1.5 million other deaths could be avoided if the vaccination coverage is improved. However, vaccination coverage is often not achieved due to various difficulties encountered by health providers in the expanded program on vaccination activities. Yet, it is important to strengthen the program. This research paper aimed to assess health providers’ points of view on the impact of the project to strengthen the routine expanded program on vaccination in the Barumbu health zone in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo (RDC). To do so, we surveyed a convenience sample of 234 health providers involved in the implementation of the project, including 210 community relays, 9 permanent nurses, 9 health committee chairpersons and 6 health authorities. A questionnaire related to the objective of the research was submitted to them. After analyzing the data, we found that the points of view of health providers are negative. The performance of the vaccination program was not great. Several reasons were given for this, including the non-involvement of the political and administrative authorities, the failure to respect the funds disbursement circuit and the non-effective financing of vaccination activities in the Barumbu health zone in Kinshasa, DRC.

On the Points of View Used in Mansfield' s “Miss Brill”

Point of view has been a big playground for study in fiction for about a century.Mansfield' s "Miss Brill" is featured by its successful use of points of view.This paper will discuss how Mansfield' s choice of a particular point of view helps to communicate the central theme of the story.

Waterpoint management system in central district with ArcView GIS

In Botswana water is the most precious natural resource and the government, through various institutions, is making an attempt to control the development and usage of this resource which is critical in all future development planning. Virtually all water used in rural areas is extracted from groundwater by means of wells and boreholes. Information on these water points, together with other surface sources, play an important role in regional economic development. An attempt, using the available water points data and Arc View GIS software, has been made to build a Water Point Management System in Central District (WPMSCD), which has already been used by the local authorities to answer day-to-day inquiries related to water points in the District.

Fight Against Poverty From the Islamic Point of View： The Wealth Distribution and Share

Today, poverty is one of the most important problems in the world. This is not only the problem of poor people living in specific regions but also the problem of all people in general. Poverty is expected to decrease as the welfare level increases. The World Bank predicts that extreme poverty will disappear until 2030 but mentions significant hesitations in achieving this objective. Even though extreme poverty will have actually disappeared in 2030, the deep gap between the richest 20% and the poorest 20% will continue to maintain its presence. There are many reasons for poverty arising from individuals such as illiteracy, inexperience, and laziness. However, there are many reasons for poverty beyond the individual such as the management of the capital by a small group of people. While the capital continuously increases under the control of a narrow group, poor community deprived of increasing welfare benefits from it slightly and too late. In this case, the solutions that individuals striving to live below the poverty line can find on their own in order to keep alive remain quite limited. Islam has a shorter term solution for welfare share： Transferring a small amount of high-income group’s wealth to the low-income group. Through this worship called zakat, it is aimed to rid poor people of desperation. It is not theoretically impossible todevelop a method to reduce income inequality by taking the worship of zakat as a model.

Analysis on Oates' Tragic Artistic Point of View in Wonderland

Oates is reputed as a representative writer of"psychological realism".Wonderland is one of her most representative novels of in the 1970 s.The author of the thesis tentatively analyzes Oates' tragic artistic point of view,hoping to contribute to the studies on Oates' artistic point of view and her works.

To Tell A “Plausible Story” through Constructing Different Narrative Point of Views in “Wide Sargasso Sea”

"Wide Sargasso Sea"is one of Jean Rhys' novella which appealed enormous research. Although many studies touched on different meanings from its narrative perspective, most of them illustrated from the aspect which mixed narrator and point of view. This study researched this novella from the perspective of point of view suggested by Prof. Shen Dan to decode author's method of telling a"plausible story".

三维重建技术中的高效光条提取方法(特邀)

近年来,三维重建技术在工业检测、医疗成像等领域得到了广泛应用。然而,由于被测物体形状的复杂性以及环境噪声等因素的影响,现有的光条提取算法面临着提取速度慢和重建精度差的挑战。为了解决这些问题,对现有技术进行了深入分析,明确了其在处理复杂形状和噪声干扰时的局限性,提出了一种基于三维重建的高效光条提取(ELE-3D)算法。在ELE-3D算法中,通过Sobel算子精确提取图像边缘,进行二值化处理简化图像复杂性,并利用连通域分析区分噪声与条纹。通过设置面积和长宽比阈值,保留关键特征,来确定感兴趣区域(ROI),精确地识别并提取图像中的特定几何特征区域,同时有效抑制背景噪声,不仅提高了图像的质量,还确保了能够专注于分析图像中最关键的部分。实验结果表明,ELE-3D算法有效地提高了光条提取速度,并有效地抑制了噪声的干扰。在保证重建精度的前提下,测量同一物体相比较于传统的算法Steger和灰度重心法,速度分别提高了89.0%和85.3%。

一种基于广义最大相关熵准则的运动平均方法

本文提出一种基于广义最大相关熵准则的运动平均方法,有效提高了多视角点云配准的效率和精度.首先,借助李代数优化框架,导出了残差与待求变量二者之间的线性显式关系,将该残差与广义最大相关熵准则结合,提出了考虑所有相对运动的变量解算模型;其次,借助半二次优化技术和交替方向乘子法,给出了模型的一种数值解算方法;最后,提出了一种具有自适应性的核宽选取方法,以使算法在相对运动集包含较多外点的情况下仍能获得较为准确的配准结果.以真实模型和环境数据集为对象开展了对比实验,基于双视角点云配准算法分别获得了5个测试点集在30%、20%点云面积重叠率阈值下的双视角配准结果,共形成10组相对运动集.其中,相对运动集误差随重叠率阈值的下降逐渐增加.所提方法在10组运动集上均获得了较佳的配准结果,实验结果表明本文所提方法有效提高了运动平均方法的计算精度与效率.此外,当运动集包含大量外点时,采用本文所提方法仍能获得较为准确的配准结果,表明本文所提方法具有较强的鲁棒性.

生活者视角下村民参与生态治理多维机制构建——基于内蒙古B嘎查草原生态补偿实践

目前在北方草原牧区广泛推行实施的生态补偿政策仍延续以往政府主导、自上而下的管理模式。在此政策驱动下,当地居民的主体性、参与性和积极性缺乏有效发挥渠道,客观上影响了基层农牧区经济—社会—环境协调发展。本研究首先立足位于科尔沁沙地西北边缘的西辽河流域环境实践,运用生活环境主义理论,较为全面地剖析生态补偿政策所面临的难题及其社会根源;其次较为深刻地探讨在实现生态修复与乡村振兴双重目标下,通过激活重塑,创建现代共治共享多民族本土知识体系的重要性;最后力求深入探索政府主导、社区主位、村民主体的参与式多维机制构建的内在逻辑及技术路径。

“正中下怀”用法探析

从1949—2023年《人民日报》中共检索出78个“正中下怀”用例,根据对这些用例的分析,并参酌其他报刊的一些用例,可以发现,“正中下怀”可以用于第一人称视角叙述,但更多的是用于第三人称视角的叙述,而且用法也更为丰富多样。将其与明清小说以及20世纪前半叶报刊中“正中下怀”的用法进行比较,可以发现,当今“正中下怀”的用法是传承有绪的。在此基础上,对有关“正中下怀”用法的一些观点提出不同意见。

联合傅里叶卷积与通道注意力的光场角度重建

光场相机能够同时捕获光线的强度和方向信息,但由于成像传感器尺寸的限制,无法同时获得高空间和角度分辨率的光场图像。提出了一种联合傅里叶卷积和通道注意力的光场角度重建方法,通过使用稀疏光场图像4个边角位置的参考视图,可以间接地重建出密集光场图像。考虑到光场数据的内在4D结构,采用通道级密集快速傅里叶残差卷积块,在空域和频域对光场图像的空间和角度相关性进行建模,然后采用基于全局响应归一化的通道注意块,以实现通道间的自适应融合。此外,还提出了一种改进的视点加权间接合成方法,通过为每个参考视图分配一个置信图,为参考视图之间建立联系以合成更真实的新视图。实验结果表明,相比于现有先进的光场角度重建算法IRVAE,所提方法的重建光场图像质量在自然光场数据集30Scenes,Occlusion和Reflective上的平均PSNR分别提高了0.08,0.13和0.13 dB。所提方法在保证光场角度一致性的前提下取得了清晰的重建结果。

基于深度传感器的多视角点云配准研究

为了解决大尺寸对称物体在多视角配准过程中出现的误匹配点对和累计误差问题,提出了一种基于深度传感器的多视角点云配准算法。首先,使用深度传感器获取目标物体不同视角下的多片点云并进行预处理,对物体单侧相邻点云采用超四点快速鲁棒匹配算法(Super 4-points congruent sets,Super4PCS)进行粗配准,利用改进的点到平面ICP算法去除误匹配点对并进行精配准,之后将左右两部分的点云拼接,从而获取完整的三维点云模型。最后,针对多视角配准出现的累计误差问题,提出了一种全局优化方法从而减少累计误差。实验结果证明所提方法可以精准地完成多视角点云配准,获得准确的三维点云模型。

Multimodal Literacy in a New Era of Educational Technology:Comparing Points of View in Animations of Children's and Adult Literature

Purpose The paper shows the interpretive impact of different constructions of the point of view available to the reader/viewer in book and animated movie versions of a children's picture book,a novel for pre-adolescents/early teenagers,and a graphic novel for adolescents and adults.Design/Approach/Methods Excerpts from book and animated movie versions of the same story are compared using multimodal analysis of interpersonal meaning to show how the reader/viewer is positioned in relation to the characters in each version,complemented by analyses of ideational meaning to show the effect of point of view on interpretive possibilities.Findings Focusing mainly on multimodal construction of point of view,the analyses show how interpretive possibilities of ostensibly the same story are significantly reconfigured in animated adaptations compared with book versions even when the verbal narrative remains substantially unchanged.Originality/Value The study shows that it is crucial to students’critical appreciation of,and their creative contribution to,their evolving digital literary culture that in this new era of educational technology,attention in literacy and literary education focuses on developing understandings of digital multimodal narrative art,and that animated movie adaptations are not presented pedagogically as isomorphic with,or simply adjunct to,corresponding book versions.

一种特征点权重自适应优化的动态SLAM算法

针对传统的同步定位与地图构建(SLAM)在动态场景中位姿估计准确率低、鲁棒性差的问题,提出一种基于特征点权重自适应优化的动态视觉SLAM算法。首先,利用掩膜区域卷积神经网络(Mask R-CNN)对输入图像进行语义分割并获取动态特征点掩码,在此基础上对静态特征点进行帧间匹配得到位姿变换初值;然后利用运动一致性检测算法和多视图几何算法处理图像并分别得到对应的动态特征点掩码,进而依据得到的3种动态特征点掩码信息构建特征点权重函数,利用最小化重投影误差自适应调整特征点对位姿优化的影响程度,降低场景中的动态目标对SLAM精度的影响;最后使用慕尼黑工业大学动态数据集进行仿真测试,在室内高动态场景中,绝对轨迹误差(ATE)的均方根误差值(RMSE)仅为尺度不变特征变换同步定位与地图构建(ORB-SLAM2)的3.1%。与DS-SLAM、DynaSLAM等动态SLAM系统相比,绝对轨迹误差分别为DS-SLAM的52%、DynaSLAM的86.1%。结果表明,该算法可以显著提高SLAM系统在高动态环境下的定位精度和鲁棒性。

无人平台人机交互视线追踪技术

设计了一种基于头戴式眼动仪的无人平台人机交互系统,重点分析了基于空间投射原理的二维视线估计算法,通过多相机配准将眼动仪输出的三维视线向量映射在已知坐标的二维界面中,利用双向识别,分别识别视线与屏幕交互界面,实现人眼注视点在人机交互软件界面中的坐标转换。将注视点转换为交互指令,实现眼动与平台的交互。通过设计无人平台目标跟踪交互实验,比较了视线追踪与触控交互在简单点击交互任务中的适用情况,结果表明对比触控交互,使用视线追踪能将简单点击交互事件时间缩短1~1.5s。