AIM To evaluate the killing effects of CDDP, 5-Fu and VCR on human hepaoma cell line (7721).METHODS The median-effect principle was used.RESULTS Killing effects of the individual drug were enhanced as the median conce...AIM To evaluate the killing effects of CDDP, 5-Fu and VCR on human hepaoma cell line (7721).METHODS The median-effect principle was used.RESULTS Killing effects of the individual drug were enhanced as the median concentration increased. Antagonism was produced when two drugs were used at a higher concentration (CI>1), and synergism was achiened when CI<1. Finally, the effect was influenced by both the ratios of drug concentration and the sequence of administration.CONCLUSION The drug administration order and drug concentrations are significant factors that need to be considered in clinical practice.INTRODUCTIONThe combined chemotherapy for malignant carcinoma is desired to produce efficacious synergism between each drug, alleviate side effects of drugs and delay drug resistance. Clinically, the interaction (namely synergism, summation and antagonism) of different anticancer drugs in combination is usually evaluated by Chou-Talalay′s combination index (i.e., median-effect principle)[1-9]. In this paper the combination effect between Cisplatin (Cis), 5-Fluorouracil (5-Flu) and Vincristine (VCR) on human hepatoma cell line 7721, was analyzed in vitro.展开更多
Aim The objectives of the present study were to prepare stealthy vincristine plus quinacrine liposomes and evaluate the pharmacokinetics in Sprague-Dawley rats. Methods Anti-resistant stealthy liposomes were prepared ...Aim The objectives of the present study were to prepare stealthy vincristine plus quinacrine liposomes and evaluate the pharmacokinetics in Sprague-Dawley rats. Methods Anti-resistant stealthy liposomes were prepared by incorporating vincristine with quinacrine together using the ammonium sulfate gradient loading procedure. For the pharmacokinetic study, Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups: each rat in the Group Ⅰwas administered intravenously via tail vein as stealthy liposomal vincristine plus quinacrine, and the Group Ⅱ similarly given as a mixture solution of free vincristine plus free quinacrine. The concentrations of vincristine and quinacrine in plasma were measured by HPLC with diode array detection and fluorescence detection, respectively. Results The mean particle size of stealthy liposomes was 135.9 ±7.1 nm and the encapsulation efficiencies of stealthy liposomes were 〉 90% for vincristine, and 〉 85% for quinacrine, respectively. Administered as the stealthy vincristine plus quinacrine liposomes, the plasma exposures of both vincristine and quinacrine were significantly extended, and the mean concentrations of both vincristine and quinacrine were significantly higher compared to those given as the mixture solution of free vincristine plus free quinacrine. The Cmax, t1/2, AUC0-24 h values of vincristine for stealthy liposomal group were significantly increased, but the total clearance Cl values decreased, as compared to those of free drug group, respectively. Similarly, the Cmax, t1/2 and AUC0-24 h values of quinacrine for the stealthy liposomal group were significantly increased, but the total clearance C1 values decreased, as compared to those of free quinacrine. Conclusion The anti-resistant stealthy liposomes are successfully prepared by incorporating vincristine with quinacrine, and the liposomes extend significantly the duration in blood circulation and improve evidently the plasma concentrations of both vincristine and quinacrine.展开更多
We encapsulated vincristine into folic acid-conjugated PEGylated liposomes to improve the anti-tumor efficacy on multidrug resistant cancers.It was observed that the drug delivery system we constructed exhibited maxim...We encapsulated vincristine into folic acid-conjugated PEGylated liposomes to improve the anti-tumor efficacy on multidrug resistant cancers.It was observed that the drug delivery system we constructed exhibited maximum cytotoxicity on KBv200 cells(multidrug resistant variant)compared with any other formulations.The semi-quantitative analysis of region of interest revealed that there was a great increase in area under curve(AUC)of a near-infrared fluorescein in solid tumors due to folic acid-mediated accumulation.Folic acid-conjugated PEGylated liposomes showed a significant tumor growth inhibiting effect in vitro and in vivo.TUNEL assay revealed that folic acid-conjugated PEGylated liposomes could induce cell apoptosis much more greatly than others.This study demonstrated that it had potential application prospective for the treatment of multidrug resistant cancer.展开更多
Objective: To explore the mechanism of all-transretinoic acid (ATRA) increasing retinoblastoma (RB) sensitivity to vincristine, and the inhibiting effect of vincristine combined with ATRA treatment on the SO-RB50 cell...Objective: To explore the mechanism of all-transretinoic acid (ATRA) increasing retinoblastoma (RB) sensitivity to vincristine, and the inhibiting effect of vincristine combined with ATRA treatment on the SO-RB50 cell proliferation. Methods: SO-RB50 cells were cultivated by routine culture method. Different concentrations of vincristine or ATRA were added into culture solution. After 48 h, cell counting kit-8 was used to detect the median inhibitory concentration (IC50) of vincristine combined with ATRT treatment to SO-RB50 cells. SO-RB50 cells were divided into drug combination group, vincristine group, ATRA group and control group. Different drugs were added into the culture solution respectively for cell culture based on the IC50 value. Cell counting kit-8 was used to detect the cell proliferation every 24-h cultivation. After continuous determination for 6 d, data was processed to draw the cell growth curve. After drug use for 72 h, flow cytometry was used to detect the proportion of different cell cycles of SO-RB50 cells in each group. After drug use for 48 h, annexin V/propidium iodide method was used to detect the SO-RB50 cell apoptosis in each group. Results: The IC50 value of vincristine treatment on the SO-RB50 cells was 0.11 mu mol/L, and ATRT was 12.84 mu mol/L. The cell growth curve in control group rose gradually along with the extended culture time, but after vincristine and ATRA treatment, the cell growth curve was smooth and steady. The cell increment was the least in drug combination group and its cell growth curve was the smoothest. There was significant difference in A(450) 48 h and 72 h after treatment (F-grouping=77.316, P<0.001: F-time=86.985, P<0.001). Compared with control group. A(450) value in drug combination group, vincristine group, ATRA group was significantly lower (P<0.001). Compared with control group, the G(2)/M phase cell proportion in vincristine group was significantly increased, while the G(0)/G(1) phase cell proportion was significantly decreased; the G(0)/G(1) phase cell proportion in ATRA group was significantly increased, while the S phase cell proportion was significantly decreased (F-G0/G1=85.878, F-s=56.455, F-G2/M=85.878, P<0.001). After 48 h, there was significant difference in SO-RB50 cell apoptosis rate among groups (F=11.312, P<0.05). The apoptosis rate in drug combination group was significantly higher than that of other groups (P<0.001). Conclusions: ATRA can increase the sensitivity of SO-RB50 cells to vincristine. Vincristine combined with ATRA treatment can significantly increase the inhibiting effect on SO-RB50 cells, which may be related with promoting cell apoptosis and involving in cell cycle control.展开更多
Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of M-VCA (methortrexate 30 mg/m2, vincristine 2 mg, cisplatin 70 mg/m2, adriamycin 30 mg/m2) combination chemotherapy for advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Methods: Th...Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of M-VCA (methortrexate 30 mg/m2, vincristine 2 mg, cisplatin 70 mg/m2, adriamycin 30 mg/m2) combination chemotherapy for advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Methods: Thirty-five patients with advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma, including 11 patients with untreated local advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma and 24 patients with local-regional recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma, received the chemotherapy of M-VCA. The cycle was repeated on day 22 for two cycles. All patients completed the chemotherapy courses. Results: The overall response rate was 75%, with untreated local advanced nasopharyngeal carcinomas 11/11(100%), local-regional recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinomas 12/18(67%), lung metastases 8/9(89%), bone metastases 5/9(56%), and liver metastases 1/2(50%). The main side effects included mild to moderate degree alopecia, nausea/vomiting, and neutropenia. Conclusion: M-VCA is well tolerated and has good efficacy for advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma and is worth investigating further.展开更多
Objective To prepare the PEG-PLGA nanoparticles loaded with vincristine sulfate(VCR-loaded PEG-PLGA-NPs) and evaluate their quality.Methods VCR-loaded PEG-PLGA-NPs were prepared by the double emulsion solvent evaporat...Objective To prepare the PEG-PLGA nanoparticles loaded with vincristine sulfate(VCR-loaded PEG-PLGA-NPs) and evaluate their quality.Methods VCR-loaded PEG-PLGA-NPs were prepared by the double emulsion solvent evaporation method.The main experimental factors,which influenced the physical and chemical properties of the nanoparticles,were investigated and optimized.Results Under optimal conditions,the VCR-loaded PEG-PLGA-NPs had an average diameter of 135.9 nm with narrow size distribution.The encapsulation efficiency was 68.2%,while the drug loading capacity was 8.34%.In vitro,VCR was released from the PEG-PLGA-NPs sustainedly for more than 13 days with the total amount of 81%.Moreover,the VCR-loaded PEG-PLGA-NPs were relatively stable,which was confirmed by the stability testing.Conclusion The VCR-loaded PEG-PLGA-NPs are a promising nano drug with controlled release,which can be applied widely.展开更多
Objective: To analyze the effect of cytarabine combined with vincristine on HL-60 cell line in vitro. Methods: The median-effect equation and MTr assay were used on HL-60. Results: The cytotoxic activity of cytarab...Objective: To analyze the effect of cytarabine combined with vincristine on HL-60 cell line in vitro. Methods: The median-effect equation and MTr assay were used on HL-60. Results: The cytotoxic activity of cytarabine(Ara-C) and vincristine (VCR) used alone or in combination enhanced as drug concentration increased. The order of administration did not influence the cytotoxic activity of the combined antitumor drugs. The ratio of drug concentration was a factor to influence the killing effect. The interaction of the agents was synergistic at lower concentration, and antagonistic at higher concentration. Conclusion: The combined drugs interaction(CI 〈 1 ) was synergistic at lower concentration and antagonistic at higher concentration. The ratio of drug concentration is a significant factor that can influence the killing effect.展开更多
Objectives: The CMFEV (cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil, epirubicin, vincristine) regimen is an innovative schedule, designed by our Group, aimed at administering five partially or totally no cross-resis...Objectives: The CMFEV (cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil, epirubicin, vincristine) regimen is an innovative schedule, designed by our Group, aimed at administering five partially or totally no cross-resistant cytotoxic agents in breast carcinoma. It was randomly compared to CMF (cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil) as primary treatment in operable disease and demonstrated a short-term significant increase in clinical complete response rate and a long-term significant locoregional relapse-free survival in premenopausal patients. So, it seemed worth comparing this regimen with CMF as adjuvant chemotherapy in moderate risk operable breast carcinoma. Methods: Four hundred and eighty-nine patients with stage I or II moderate risk breast carcinoma were randomized to receive CMF or CMFEV regimen for 6 cycles after surgery. Main end points were overall survival (OS), invasive disease-free survival (IDFS) and recurrence-free interval (RFI), as estimated by Kaplan-Meier analyses and log-rank tests. Results: At a median observation time of 7.3 years (range 5.4 months-10.3 years), no significant differences in OS and IDFS were observed between the two arms. Deaths from breast carcinoma were more frequent with CMF (58.5%) than with CMFEV regimen (41.7%) as well as recurrences from breast carcinoma (58.8% with CMF and 41.2% with CMFEV). These differences were not statistically significant. Conclusion: CMFEV appears more effective than CMF in preventing recurrences from primary disease in patients with moderate risk stage I-II breast carcinoma. The lack of statistical significance of the observed differences was probably due to the limited number of patients enrolled which rendered the study underpowdered.展开更多
Vincristine is a chemotherapy drug belonging to the group of Vinca alkaloids which also includes vinblastine and vindesine. It is used in hematological malignancies and solid tumors. The Vinca alkaloids are neurotoxic...Vincristine is a chemotherapy drug belonging to the group of Vinca alkaloids which also includes vinblastine and vindesine. It is used in hematological malignancies and solid tumors. The Vinca alkaloids are neurotoxic, usually causing peripheral neuropathy, and rarely cranial neuropathies. We report a case of a 33-month-old male child diagnosed with Wilms’ tumor, who had an isolated unilateral right ptosis following vincristine, with a good improvement after stopping it.展开更多
Background: The treatment used to combat acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is multidrug;therefore it is important to use active pharmacovigilance to detect, assess and analyze the likely adverse reactions which may o...Background: The treatment used to combat acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is multidrug;therefore it is important to use active pharmacovigilance to detect, assess and analyze the likely adverse reactions which may occur during the same period. Objective: To determine the frequency of adverse reactions to chemotherapeutic drugs in children with ALL. Material and Methods: Intensive pharmacovigilance was used to record the reports of adverse reactions to vincristine, L-asparaginase and the vincristine-L-asparaginase combination in children with ALL in a paediatric hospital. For each notification, the adverse reactions were analyzed in order to verify causality. Results: Forty patients were evaluated. Twenty children were female (50.0%) and 20 were male (50%). The children had a mean age, weight and height (±standard deviation: SD) of 8.1 (±3.4) years, 31.4 (±13.9) kg and 1.3 (±0.2) m, respectively. Vincristine was administered to 19 patients, vincristine plus L-asparaginase were given to 19 patients and only 2 patients used L-asparaginase. One-hundred-ninety adverse reactions were detected in the patients, with an average (±SD) of 4.8 (±2.6). Ondansetron was the drug administered for the treating of nausea and vomiting. One hundred eighty-one (95.3%) adverse reactions were identified as “definite”, 5 (2.6%) as “probable” and 4 (2.1%) as “doubtful”. Conclusions: There is a high incidence of adverse reactions by the administration of vincristine and L-asparaginase;the reactions of highest incidence were: nausea, vomiting, neutropenia, diarrhea, constipation, mucositis, headache, and abdominal pain. It is important to promote the detection, collection, reporting, assessment and treatment of ARD’s in children. It is necessary to promote the conduct further studies on pharmacovigilance with this type of treatments and to increase the duration of the studies.展开更多
文摘AIM To evaluate the killing effects of CDDP, 5-Fu and VCR on human hepaoma cell line (7721).METHODS The median-effect principle was used.RESULTS Killing effects of the individual drug were enhanced as the median concentration increased. Antagonism was produced when two drugs were used at a higher concentration (CI>1), and synergism was achiened when CI<1. Finally, the effect was influenced by both the ratios of drug concentration and the sequence of administration.CONCLUSION The drug administration order and drug concentrations are significant factors that need to be considered in clinical practice.INTRODUCTIONThe combined chemotherapy for malignant carcinoma is desired to produce efficacious synergism between each drug, alleviate side effects of drugs and delay drug resistance. Clinically, the interaction (namely synergism, summation and antagonism) of different anticancer drugs in combination is usually evaluated by Chou-Talalay′s combination index (i.e., median-effect principle)[1-9]. In this paper the combination effect between Cisplatin (Cis), 5-Fluorouracil (5-Flu) and Vincristine (VCR) on human hepatoma cell line 7721, was analyzed in vitro.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30572260).
文摘Aim The objectives of the present study were to prepare stealthy vincristine plus quinacrine liposomes and evaluate the pharmacokinetics in Sprague-Dawley rats. Methods Anti-resistant stealthy liposomes were prepared by incorporating vincristine with quinacrine together using the ammonium sulfate gradient loading procedure. For the pharmacokinetic study, Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups: each rat in the Group Ⅰwas administered intravenously via tail vein as stealthy liposomal vincristine plus quinacrine, and the Group Ⅱ similarly given as a mixture solution of free vincristine plus free quinacrine. The concentrations of vincristine and quinacrine in plasma were measured by HPLC with diode array detection and fluorescence detection, respectively. Results The mean particle size of stealthy liposomes was 135.9 ±7.1 nm and the encapsulation efficiencies of stealthy liposomes were 〉 90% for vincristine, and 〉 85% for quinacrine, respectively. Administered as the stealthy vincristine plus quinacrine liposomes, the plasma exposures of both vincristine and quinacrine were significantly extended, and the mean concentrations of both vincristine and quinacrine were significantly higher compared to those given as the mixture solution of free vincristine plus free quinacrine. The Cmax, t1/2, AUC0-24 h values of vincristine for stealthy liposomal group were significantly increased, but the total clearance Cl values decreased, as compared to those of free drug group, respectively. Similarly, the Cmax, t1/2 and AUC0-24 h values of quinacrine for the stealthy liposomal group were significantly increased, but the total clearance C1 values decreased, as compared to those of free quinacrine. Conclusion The anti-resistant stealthy liposomes are successfully prepared by incorporating vincristine with quinacrine, and the liposomes extend significantly the duration in blood circulation and improve evidently the plasma concentrations of both vincristine and quinacrine.
基金This work was supported by National Science and Technology Major Project(2012ZX09304004)National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program,2010CB934000)+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(81072593,81102402)Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education(20110071130011).
文摘We encapsulated vincristine into folic acid-conjugated PEGylated liposomes to improve the anti-tumor efficacy on multidrug resistant cancers.It was observed that the drug delivery system we constructed exhibited maximum cytotoxicity on KBv200 cells(multidrug resistant variant)compared with any other formulations.The semi-quantitative analysis of region of interest revealed that there was a great increase in area under curve(AUC)of a near-infrared fluorescein in solid tumors due to folic acid-mediated accumulation.Folic acid-conjugated PEGylated liposomes showed a significant tumor growth inhibiting effect in vitro and in vivo.TUNEL assay revealed that folic acid-conjugated PEGylated liposomes could induce cell apoptosis much more greatly than others.This study demonstrated that it had potential application prospective for the treatment of multidrug resistant cancer.
基金supported by projects of Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(No.11ZR1421300)
文摘Objective: To explore the mechanism of all-transretinoic acid (ATRA) increasing retinoblastoma (RB) sensitivity to vincristine, and the inhibiting effect of vincristine combined with ATRA treatment on the SO-RB50 cell proliferation. Methods: SO-RB50 cells were cultivated by routine culture method. Different concentrations of vincristine or ATRA were added into culture solution. After 48 h, cell counting kit-8 was used to detect the median inhibitory concentration (IC50) of vincristine combined with ATRT treatment to SO-RB50 cells. SO-RB50 cells were divided into drug combination group, vincristine group, ATRA group and control group. Different drugs were added into the culture solution respectively for cell culture based on the IC50 value. Cell counting kit-8 was used to detect the cell proliferation every 24-h cultivation. After continuous determination for 6 d, data was processed to draw the cell growth curve. After drug use for 72 h, flow cytometry was used to detect the proportion of different cell cycles of SO-RB50 cells in each group. After drug use for 48 h, annexin V/propidium iodide method was used to detect the SO-RB50 cell apoptosis in each group. Results: The IC50 value of vincristine treatment on the SO-RB50 cells was 0.11 mu mol/L, and ATRT was 12.84 mu mol/L. The cell growth curve in control group rose gradually along with the extended culture time, but after vincristine and ATRA treatment, the cell growth curve was smooth and steady. The cell increment was the least in drug combination group and its cell growth curve was the smoothest. There was significant difference in A(450) 48 h and 72 h after treatment (F-grouping=77.316, P<0.001: F-time=86.985, P<0.001). Compared with control group. A(450) value in drug combination group, vincristine group, ATRA group was significantly lower (P<0.001). Compared with control group, the G(2)/M phase cell proportion in vincristine group was significantly increased, while the G(0)/G(1) phase cell proportion was significantly decreased; the G(0)/G(1) phase cell proportion in ATRA group was significantly increased, while the S phase cell proportion was significantly decreased (F-G0/G1=85.878, F-s=56.455, F-G2/M=85.878, P<0.001). After 48 h, there was significant difference in SO-RB50 cell apoptosis rate among groups (F=11.312, P<0.05). The apoptosis rate in drug combination group was significantly higher than that of other groups (P<0.001). Conclusions: ATRA can increase the sensitivity of SO-RB50 cells to vincristine. Vincristine combined with ATRA treatment can significantly increase the inhibiting effect on SO-RB50 cells, which may be related with promoting cell apoptosis and involving in cell cycle control.
文摘Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of M-VCA (methortrexate 30 mg/m2, vincristine 2 mg, cisplatin 70 mg/m2, adriamycin 30 mg/m2) combination chemotherapy for advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Methods: Thirty-five patients with advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma, including 11 patients with untreated local advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma and 24 patients with local-regional recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma, received the chemotherapy of M-VCA. The cycle was repeated on day 22 for two cycles. All patients completed the chemotherapy courses. Results: The overall response rate was 75%, with untreated local advanced nasopharyngeal carcinomas 11/11(100%), local-regional recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinomas 12/18(67%), lung metastases 8/9(89%), bone metastases 5/9(56%), and liver metastases 1/2(50%). The main side effects included mild to moderate degree alopecia, nausea/vomiting, and neutropenia. Conclusion: M-VCA is well tolerated and has good efficacy for advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma and is worth investigating further.
基金the National 863 Hi-tech Project for financial support (2007AA021803, 2007AA021901)
文摘Objective To prepare the PEG-PLGA nanoparticles loaded with vincristine sulfate(VCR-loaded PEG-PLGA-NPs) and evaluate their quality.Methods VCR-loaded PEG-PLGA-NPs were prepared by the double emulsion solvent evaporation method.The main experimental factors,which influenced the physical and chemical properties of the nanoparticles,were investigated and optimized.Results Under optimal conditions,the VCR-loaded PEG-PLGA-NPs had an average diameter of 135.9 nm with narrow size distribution.The encapsulation efficiency was 68.2%,while the drug loading capacity was 8.34%.In vitro,VCR was released from the PEG-PLGA-NPs sustainedly for more than 13 days with the total amount of 81%.Moreover,the VCR-loaded PEG-PLGA-NPs were relatively stable,which was confirmed by the stability testing.Conclusion The VCR-loaded PEG-PLGA-NPs are a promising nano drug with controlled release,which can be applied widely.
文摘Objective: To analyze the effect of cytarabine combined with vincristine on HL-60 cell line in vitro. Methods: The median-effect equation and MTr assay were used on HL-60. Results: The cytotoxic activity of cytarabine(Ara-C) and vincristine (VCR) used alone or in combination enhanced as drug concentration increased. The order of administration did not influence the cytotoxic activity of the combined antitumor drugs. The ratio of drug concentration was a factor to influence the killing effect. The interaction of the agents was synergistic at lower concentration, and antagonistic at higher concentration. Conclusion: The combined drugs interaction(CI 〈 1 ) was synergistic at lower concentration and antagonistic at higher concentration. The ratio of drug concentration is a significant factor that can influence the killing effect.
文摘Objectives: The CMFEV (cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil, epirubicin, vincristine) regimen is an innovative schedule, designed by our Group, aimed at administering five partially or totally no cross-resistant cytotoxic agents in breast carcinoma. It was randomly compared to CMF (cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil) as primary treatment in operable disease and demonstrated a short-term significant increase in clinical complete response rate and a long-term significant locoregional relapse-free survival in premenopausal patients. So, it seemed worth comparing this regimen with CMF as adjuvant chemotherapy in moderate risk operable breast carcinoma. Methods: Four hundred and eighty-nine patients with stage I or II moderate risk breast carcinoma were randomized to receive CMF or CMFEV regimen for 6 cycles after surgery. Main end points were overall survival (OS), invasive disease-free survival (IDFS) and recurrence-free interval (RFI), as estimated by Kaplan-Meier analyses and log-rank tests. Results: At a median observation time of 7.3 years (range 5.4 months-10.3 years), no significant differences in OS and IDFS were observed between the two arms. Deaths from breast carcinoma were more frequent with CMF (58.5%) than with CMFEV regimen (41.7%) as well as recurrences from breast carcinoma (58.8% with CMF and 41.2% with CMFEV). These differences were not statistically significant. Conclusion: CMFEV appears more effective than CMF in preventing recurrences from primary disease in patients with moderate risk stage I-II breast carcinoma. The lack of statistical significance of the observed differences was probably due to the limited number of patients enrolled which rendered the study underpowdered.
文摘Vincristine is a chemotherapy drug belonging to the group of Vinca alkaloids which also includes vinblastine and vindesine. It is used in hematological malignancies and solid tumors. The Vinca alkaloids are neurotoxic, usually causing peripheral neuropathy, and rarely cranial neuropathies. We report a case of a 33-month-old male child diagnosed with Wilms’ tumor, who had an isolated unilateral right ptosis following vincristine, with a good improvement after stopping it.
文摘Background: The treatment used to combat acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is multidrug;therefore it is important to use active pharmacovigilance to detect, assess and analyze the likely adverse reactions which may occur during the same period. Objective: To determine the frequency of adverse reactions to chemotherapeutic drugs in children with ALL. Material and Methods: Intensive pharmacovigilance was used to record the reports of adverse reactions to vincristine, L-asparaginase and the vincristine-L-asparaginase combination in children with ALL in a paediatric hospital. For each notification, the adverse reactions were analyzed in order to verify causality. Results: Forty patients were evaluated. Twenty children were female (50.0%) and 20 were male (50%). The children had a mean age, weight and height (±standard deviation: SD) of 8.1 (±3.4) years, 31.4 (±13.9) kg and 1.3 (±0.2) m, respectively. Vincristine was administered to 19 patients, vincristine plus L-asparaginase were given to 19 patients and only 2 patients used L-asparaginase. One-hundred-ninety adverse reactions were detected in the patients, with an average (±SD) of 4.8 (±2.6). Ondansetron was the drug administered for the treating of nausea and vomiting. One hundred eighty-one (95.3%) adverse reactions were identified as “definite”, 5 (2.6%) as “probable” and 4 (2.1%) as “doubtful”. Conclusions: There is a high incidence of adverse reactions by the administration of vincristine and L-asparaginase;the reactions of highest incidence were: nausea, vomiting, neutropenia, diarrhea, constipation, mucositis, headache, and abdominal pain. It is important to promote the detection, collection, reporting, assessment and treatment of ARD’s in children. It is necessary to promote the conduct further studies on pharmacovigilance with this type of treatments and to increase the duration of the studies.