Indoor Inoculation and Identification Technology of Sweet (Hot) Pepper Virus

[Objective] The paper was to establish an affordable indoor virus inoculation and identification technology. [Method] Taking Tobacco Mosaic Virus （TMV） and Cucumber Mosaic Vires （CMV） of sweet （hot） pepper as the sources of virus, an affordable indoor virus inoculation and identification technology was developed in the paper. [ Result] The suitable inoculation concentration of CMV was five to ten times, and the best seedling age for inoculation was five to six leav- es. Suitable inoculation concentration of TMV was 20 to 30 times, and the best seedling age for inoculation was three to six leaves. Single inoculation technology was mainly used for indoor virus inoculation and identification of sweet （hot） pepper, and complex inoculation technology could also be adopted with first, st inoculation of CMV and late inoculation of TMV. For mixed inoculation technology, CMV： TMV should be 1： 1. Complex inoculation and mix inoculation should base on the tech- nology of single inoculation. Disease resistant materials, AID1-W22-dg176, ABgl-W22-48123, AB91-DL-6428, HY031-2-8-1-6, BYT-4-1-3-6-8, JFG-2-1-2-6, JF8S-1-1-5-4-8 and I＇502-1-1-3-5, were identified by this method. [ Conclusion] This research provided scientific basis for standardization of indoor inoculation of sweet （hot） pepper virus.

Multiplication of the Recombinant Strain Re-7 of Avian Influenza Virus Subtype H5 in MDCK Cells

This study was conducted to explore the multiplication pattern of the recombinant strain Re-7 of avian influenza virus subtype H5 in Madin Darby Canine Kidney （MDCK） cells and to determine the optimal multiplicity of infection （MOI） and the optimal time for virus harvest. The recombinant strain Re-7 was inoculated at different MOIs into MDCK cells grown in serum-free medium in 100 L bioreactors for replication. Then, the hemagglutination（HA） titer, 50% tissue culture infectious dose （TCID50） and 50% embryo infectious dose （EID50） of culture medium were measured once every 12 h from 24 h after virus inoculation to determine the optimal MOI. After that, virus was inoculated at the optimal MOI determined above into MDCK cells for large-scale virus replication to determine the optimal time for virus harvest. The results showed that the optimal MOI was 10 2, and the optimal time for virus harvest was 60 h after inoculation. Under these conditions, the HA titer, TCIDso per 1 mL and EIDso per 0.1 mL were increased to 1：102 4, 10^7.33 and 10^6.83, respectively. This study provides relatively stable parameters for large-scale production of the recombinant strain Re-7 of avian influenza virus subtype H5.

Mechanism of Japanese encephalitis virus genotypes replacement based on human,porcine and mosquito-originated cell lines model

Objective:To examine the multiplication efficiency Japanese encephalitis virus(JEV)genotype Ⅰ(G Ⅰ) and genotype Ⅲ(GⅢ) of different cell lines which originated from human,porcine,mosquitoes in order to prove mechanism of JEV G Ⅰ replacement JEV GⅢ since it emerging in nature recent decades.Methods:The mixture of Gi and GⅢ JEV isolates was inoculated on human rhabdomyosarcoma(RD).pig kidney epithelial(PS) and Aedes albopictus C6/36 clone(C6/36) which originated from human,porcine and mosquitoes,respectively.Plaque assays were performed to calculate virus titer and real-time RT-PCR with GⅠand GⅢspecific primer sets to quantify the number of GⅠ and GUI RNA copies.Results:The highest virus titer reached at the 3rd day of post infection when G Ⅰand GⅢ mixture was inoculated on RD and PS and that of C636 was at the 4^(th)day.JEVs were amplified and maintained by C6/36 cells after 10 passages whereas that by RD and PS only limited within 8 and 6 passages,respectively.GⅠ strain amplified and maintained more efficiently on C6/36 and PS but not RD.whereas GⅢ strain amplified and maintained more efficiently on RD.Conclusions:There is a correlation between the multiplication efficiency of GⅠ and GⅢ JEV strains when these two genotype strains co-infected on different cell lines with the predominance of GⅠstrains in C6/36 and PS and the limited detection of G 1 strains in RD cells proving a possible mechanism of shift JEV genotypes in nature recent decades since GⅠ emerging.

The role of Epstein-Barr virus in multiple sclerosis:from molecular pathophysiology to in vivo imaging

Multiple sclerosis(MS) is a disease of the central nervous system characterized by inflammation, demyelination, and neuronal damage. Environmental and genetic factors are associated with the risk of developing MS, but the exact cause still remains unidentified. Epstein-Barr virus(EBV), vitamin D, and smoking are among the most well-established environmental risk factors in MS. Infectious mononucleosis, which is caused by delayed primary EBV infection, increases the risk of developing MS. EBV may also contribute to MS pathogenesis indirectly by activating silent human endogenous retrovirus-W. The emerging B-cell depleting therapies, particularly anti-CD20 agents such as rituximab, ocrelizumab, as well as the fully human ofatumumab, have shown promising clinical and magnetic resonance imaging benefit. One potential effect of these therapies is the depletion of memory B-cells, the primary reservoir site where EBV latency occurs. In addition, EBV potentially interacts with both genetic and other environmental factors to increase susceptibility and disease severity of MS. This review examines the role of EBV in MS pathophysiology and summarizes the recent clinical and radiological findings, with a focus on B-cells and in vivo imaging. Addressing the potential link between EBV and MS allows the better understanding of MS pathogenesis and helps to identify additional disease biomarkers that may be responsive to B-cell depleting intervention.

Contributions of neurotropic human herpesviruses herpes simplex virus 1 and human herpesvirus 6 to neurodegenerative disease pathology

Human herpesviruses （HVs） have developed ingenious mechanisms that enable them to traverse the defenses of the central nervous system （CNS）. The ability of HVs to enter a state of latency, a defining char- acteristic of this viral family, allows them to persist in the human host indefinitely. As such, HVs represent the most frequently detected pathogens in the brain. Under constant immune pressure, these infections are largely asymptomatic in healthy hosts. However, many neurotropic HVs have been directly connected with CNS pathology in the context of other stressors and genetic risk factors. In this review, we discuss the potential mechanisms by which neurotropic HVs contribute to neurodegenerative disease （NDD） patholo- gy by highlighting two prominent members of the HV family, herpes simplex virus 1 （HSV-1） and human herpesvirus 6 （HHV-6）. We （i） introduce the infectious pathways and replicative cycles of HSV-1 and HHV-6 and then （ii） review the clinical evidence supporting associations between these viruses and the NDDs Alzheimer＇s disease （AD） and multiple sclerosis （MS）, respectively. We then （iii） highlight and dis- cuss potential mechanisms by which these viruses exert negative effects on neurons and glia. Finally, we （iv） discuss how these viruses could interact with other disease-modifying factors to contribute to the initiation and/or progression of NDDs.

Genetic Diversity of Chinese Soybean mosaic virus Strains and Their Relationships with Other Plant Potyviruses Based on P3 Gene Sequences

Soybean mosaic virus （SMV）, a member of the genus Potyvirus, is a major pathogen of soybean plants in China, and 16 SMV strains have been identified nationwide based on a former detailed SMV classification system. As the P3 gene is thought to be involved in viral replication, systemic infection, pathogenicity, and overcoming resistance, knowledge of the P3 gene sequences of SMV and other potyviruses would be useful in efforts to know the genetic relationships among them and control the disease. P3 gene sequences were obtained from representative isolates of the above-mentioned 16 SMV strains and were compared with other SMV strains and 16 Potyvirus species from the National Center for Biotechnology GenBank database. The P3 genes from the 16 SMV isolates are composed of 1041 nucleotides, encoding 347 amino acids, and share 90.7-100% nucleotide （NT） sequence identities and 95.1-100% amino acid （AA） sequence identities. The P3 coding regions of the 16 SMV isolates share high identities （92.4-98.9% NT and 96.0-100% AA） with the reported Korean isolates, followed by the USA isolates （88.5-97.9% NT and 91.4-98.6% AA）, and share low identities （80.5-85.2% NT and 82.1-84.7% AA） with the reported HZ 1 and P isolates from Pinellia ternata. The sequence identities of the P3 genes between SMV and the 16 potyviruses varied from 44.4 to 81.9% in the NT sequences and from 21.4 to 85.3% in the AA sequences, respectively. Among them, SMV was closely related to Watermelon mosaic virus （WMV）, with 76.0-81.9% NT and 77.5-85.3% AA identities. In addition, the SMV isolates and potyvirus species were clustered into six distinct groups. All the SMV strains isolated from soybean were clustered in Group I, and the remaining species were clustered in other groups. A multiple sequence alignment analysis of the C-terminal regions indicated that the P3 genes within a species were highly conserved, whereas those among species were relatively variable.

STUDIES ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EPSTEIN BARR VIRUS (EBV) AND PATHOGENESIS OF MULTIPLE MYELOMA

In order to explore the relationship between Epstein Barr virus (EBV) and pathogenesis of multiple myeloma (MM), the presence of EBV DNA in mononuclear cells of bone marrow (BMMC) and peripheral blood (PBMC) taken from 23 multiple myeloma patients who were neither posttransplanted nor HIV positive were examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Meanwhile the presence of EBV EBERs in bioptic bone marrow's specimens of 4 MM patients were examined by in situ hybridization (ISH). Acute leukemia, aplastic anemia and malnourished anemia patients were taken as control. It showed EBV DNA detective rate in BMMC (69 6%) and in PBMC (39 1%) of MM patients were higher significantly than control groups (P<0 05). The positive signals of EBERs were located in BMMC and the EBV positive samples detected by ISH were consistent with those by PCR. The results indicate that EBV is closely correlated to pathogenesis of MM.

Epstein Barr Virus—The Cause of Multiple Sclerosis

Although many studies have found a kind of a relationship between an Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) and the development of Multiple Sclerosis (MS), a fundamental aspect of this relationship remains uncertain. What is the cause of Multiple Sclerosis (MS)? In this study, we re-analysed the data as published by Wandinger et al. and were able to establish a new insight: without an Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) infection no development of Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Furthermore, we determined a highly significant causal relationship between Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) and multiple sclerosis. Altogether, Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) is the cause of multiple sclerosis (p-value 0.0004251570).

Exploring the Effects of Gap-Penalties in Sequence-Alignment Approach to Polymorphic Virus Detection

Antiviral software systems (AVSs) have problems in identifying polymorphic variants of viruses without explicit signatures for such variants. Alignment-based techniques from bioinformatics may provide a novel way to generate signatures from consensuses found in polymorphic variant code. We demonstrate how multiple sequence alignment supplemented with gap penalties leads to viral code signatures that generalize successfully to previously known polymorphic variants of JS. Cassandra virus and previously unknown polymorphic variants of W32.CTX/W32.Cholera and W32.Kitti viruses. The implications are that future smart AVSs may be able to generate effective signatures automatically from actual viral code by varying gap penalties to cover for both known and unknown polymorphic variants.

Heterochronic triple primary malignancies with Epstein-Barr virus infection and tumor protein 53 gene mutation:A case report and review of literature

BACKGROUND The diagnosis and etiology of multiple primary malignant neoplasms(MPMNs)are difficult to establish.Here,we report a case of heterochronic triple primary malignancies with gastric cancer,nasopharyngeal squamous cell cancer,and then rectal cancer.CASE SUMMARY The patient was first diagnosed with gastric cancer at the age of 33 in 2014 and underwent distal gastrectomy and gastrojejunostomy and six cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy.Three years later,he was diagnosed with nasopharyngeal cancer and treated with radical chemoradiotherapy in 2017.Recently,a mass in the middle of the rectum was resected and reported as ulcerative,moderately to poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma.Research on the etiology of MPMNs showed that Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)infection may be the cause of gastric cancer and nasopharyngeal squamous cell cancer since these two primary lesions were positive for transcripts of EBV-encoded ribonucleic acid using an in situ hybridization EBV-encoded ribonucleic acid probe in formalin-fixed,paraffinembedded tissue.The cause of rectal cancer may be due to a somatic mutation of tumor protein 53 gene in exon 8(c.844C>T,p.Arg282Trp)through highthroughput sequencing for the rectal cancer.Appropriate standard therapy for each primary cancer was administered,and the patient has no evidence of cancer disease to date.CONCLUSION To our knowledge,this is the first report on heterochronic triple primary malignancies whose cause may be associated with EBV infection and tumor protein 53 genetic mutations.The etiological research may not only elucidate the cause of MPMN but also has implications in clinical management.

Comparison of Five Expression Vectors for the Ha Gene in Constructing a DNA Vaccine for H6N2 Influenza Virus in Chickens

A number of eukaryotic expression vectors have been developed for use as DNA vaccines. They showed varying abilities to initiate immune responses;however, there is little data to indicate which of these vectors will be the most useful and practical for DNA vaccines in different species. This report examines the use of five expression vectors with different promoters and Kozak sequence to express the same hemagglutinin (HA) protein of an H6N2 avian influenza virus for DNA vaccination in chickens. Although intramuscular vaccination with seven DNA constructs elicited no or limited measurable H6 HA antibody responses in Hy-Line chickens, variable reduction in virus shedding for either oropharyngeal or cloacal swabs post-virus challenge were observed. This indicated that all DNA constructs generated some levels of protective immunity against homologous virus challenge. Interestingly, lower dose (50 or 100 μg) of plasmid DNAs consistently induced better immune response than higher dose (300 or 500 μg). In the transfection experiments there appeared to be a hierarchy in the in vitro expression efficiency in the order of pCAG-optiHAk/ pCAG-HAk > pCI-HAk > VR-HA > pCI-HA > pCI-neo-HA > pVAX-HA. Since the level of in vitro expression correlates with the level of immune response in vivo, in vitro expression levels of the DNA constructs can be used as an indicator for pre-selection of plasmid vaccines prior to in vivo assessment. Moreover, our results suggested that the Kozak sequence could be used as an effective tool for DNA vaccine design.

Susceptibility of Aedes flavopictus miyarai and Aedes galloisi mosquito species in Japan to dengue type 2 virus

Objective: To evaluate the potential of local mosquitoes to act as vectors for dengue transmission in Japan.Methods: Serotype 2 Th NH28/93 was used to test the dengue susceptibility profiles of Aedes flavopictus miyarai(Ae. f. miyarai), Aedes galloisi(Ae. galloisi) and Aedes albopictus(Ae.albopictus), which were collected in Japan. We used Aedes aegypti from Thailand as a positive control. The mosquitoes were infected with the virus intrathoracically or orally. At 10 or 14 days post infection, the mosquitoes were dissected and total RNA was extracted from their abdomens, thoraxes, heads and legs. Mosquito susceptibility to dengue virus was evaluated using RT-PCR with dengue virus-specific primers. Differences in the infection and mortality rates of the different mosquito species were tested using Fisher's exact probability test.Results: The infection rates for dengue virus administered intrathoracically to Ae. f. miyarai,Ae. galloisi and Aedes aegypti mosquitoes were identical by RT-PCR on Day 10 post infection.All of the body parts we tested were RT-PCR-positive for dengue virus. For the orally administered virus, the infection rates in the different body parts of the Ae. f. miyarai mosquitoes were slightly higher than those of Ae. albopictus mosquitoes, but were similar to the control mosquitoes(P > 0.05). The mortality rates for Ae. f. miyarai and Ae. albopictus mosquitoes were similar(P = 0.19). Our data indicated that dengue virus was able to replicate and disseminate to secondary infection sites in all of the four mosquito species(Japanese and Thai).Conclusions: Ae. albopictus is a well-known candidate for dengue transmission in Japan. However, our data suggest that Ae. f. miyarai from Ishigaki Island(near Okinawa Island) and Ae. galloisi from Hokkaido(Northern Japan) should also be regarded as potential vectors for dengue transmission in these regions. Further studies on these mosquitoes should be conducted.

新冠病毒疫苗接种对肺功能的保护作用及早期新冠肺炎的影响

目的探讨新冠病毒疫苗接种对新冠病毒感染患者肺功能的影响以及新冠病毒疫苗接种对感染患者的保护作用。方法选取2023年1月7日至2023年2月7日期间在复旦大学附属中山医院完成肺功能检查的1178例门诊及住院新冠感染患者,按照是否患有新冠肺炎分为两组,完成“新冠感染症状及肺功能相关调查表”,同时采集患者疫苗接种情况、临床症状、肺通气功能、弥散功能和呼出气一氧化氮结果(fractional exhaled nitric oxide,FeNO)等临床资料,通过χ^(2)检验、Pearson相关性分析、单因素及多因素Logistic回归模型等方法分析接种和未接种新冠病毒疫苗患者肺功能的差异,并验证新冠病毒疫苗对新冠肺炎、新冠感染相关症状的保护作用。结果未接种新冠病毒疫苗的新冠感染患者通气及弥散肺功能较接种患者下降明显(P<0.05)。未接种过新冠病毒疫苗、有既往慢性病史的患者更容易发生新冠肺炎,二针/三针疫苗接种可以减少新冠肺炎的发生率(P<0.05),而接种一针无明显保护作用;既往慢性病病史患者,如发生新冠感染,容易出现严重症状,而接种新冠病毒疫苗可以减轻包括慢性病患者在内的新冠相关严重症状。结论新冠病毒感染可以造成患者肺通气及弥散功能下降,二针/三针新冠病毒疫苗的接种可能减轻新冠病毒感染对肺功能的损伤,减少新冠肺炎及严重症状的发生,完整的新冠病毒疫苗接种可能具有保护作用。

连云港地区女性人乳头瘤病毒感染情况及基因型分布研究

目的分析连云港地区女性人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染情况及基因型分布特点,以期为疫苗接种、宫颈癌防治提供参考。方法选取2020年1月至2022年12月在东海县人民医院妇科门诊就诊的8981例女性,均进行HPVDNA分型检测,分析HPV感染情况及基因型分布特点。结果连云港地区HPV总感染率为25.71%,高危型HPV感染率为21.01%,单一HPV感染率高于多重HPV感染率。高危型HPV基因型前5位分别为HPV16(5.78%)、HPV52(4.81%)、HPV58(3.29%)、HPV53(2.65%)、HPV51(2.09%),低危型HPV基因型以HPV42(2.41%)为主,其次是HPV81(2.07%)。年龄≤20岁和51~60岁年龄段中出现感染率峰值。结论连云港地区女性HPV感染以单一HPV感染为主,其中以HPV16和HPV52高危型HPV基因型为主。

非洲猪瘟病毒增殖过程中主要蛋白研究进展

非洲猪瘟病毒(ASFV)感染猪引起的非洲猪瘟(ASF),是一种急性、烈性、高度接触性传染病,给世界养猪业带来巨大经济损失。ASFV编码超过150种蛋白,广泛参与病毒的进入、复制和形态发生等过程。ASFV主要通过网格蛋白介导的胞吞作用进入宿主细胞,在细胞质中核周微管组织中心(MTOC)处的“病毒工厂”中完成复制和装配,并通过微管转运至细胞膜,以“出芽”的方式释放到细胞外。本文重点分析了参与病毒进入、复制、组装和释放过程的关键蛋白功能,初步探讨其潜在研究价值,为进一步的ASF疫苗和药物靶点研发提供支持。

胸部CT对新型冠状病毒感染病人多器官受累的随访研究

目的探究新型冠状病毒感染(COVID-19)病人胸部CT随访影像中肺部病灶体积、甲状腺、脾、大血管、骨骼及腹部脂肪的变化。方法回顾性纳入33例确诊为COVID-19的病人,男22例,女11例,平均年龄(47.1±15.0)岁。收集基线及随访(≥10个月)胸部CT的影像资料,测量全肺病灶体积,甲状腺左、右叶面积和平均密度,肺动脉主干直径、升主动脉主干直径、下腔静脉短径、腹主动脉短径、下腔静脉短径/腹主动脉短径,脾厚径、脾最长径、脾的平均密度,腹部皮下脂肪面积、腹腔内脂肪面积、肝脏平均脂肪,胸椎平均密度。比较基线及随访影像中上述参数的变化。采用组内相关系数(ICC)分析2名医师测量数据的一致性。采用配对样本t检验或配对样本的Wilcoxon符号秩和检验比较基线与随访影像中各项测量数据的差异。结果2名观察者测量基线和随访影像中大血管、甲状腺、脾、骨骼和腹部脂肪各项指标的一致性均较好(均ICC>0.80)。相比于基线影像,随访中肺病灶体积占比减小;升主动脉主干直径增大;甲状腺面积增加,甲状腺平均密度减低;脾厚径、脾最长径减小,脾平均密度减低(均P<0.05)。基线和随访影像上各部位其余CT特征比较的差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论急性COVID-19是一种累及多器官的疾病,病人多器官均会发生结构性改变。

瓜类作物CGMMV-VIGS体系的优化研究

本研究旨在提高黄瓜绿斑驳花叶病毒(cucumber green mottle mosaic virus,CGMMV)介导的基因沉默(VIGS)在瓜类作物中应用效率。以黄瓜、甜瓜和西瓜优良种质为实验材料,采用不同的CGMMV病毒载体接种方式、并设置不同的培养温度和相对湿度,以测试基因沉默的有效性。结果表明,真空渗透和种子吸胀的接种方式能够在瓜类作物中产生最高的基因沉默率(FGS)。在22℃和25℃的培养环境下,黄瓜、甜瓜和西瓜PDS沉默有效性(EGSL)较高。黄瓜、甜瓜和西瓜生长1个月后,EGSL达到100%,显著高于30℃的培养环境下EGSL。生长3个月后,甜瓜和西瓜在22℃培养环境下EGSL分别为89.7%和95%;在25℃培养环境下EGSL分别为85.6%和86.1%,均显著性高于30℃下EGSL。在相对湿度为30%和50%环境下,黄瓜的EGSL分别为70%和72%,甜瓜的EGSL分别为76%和73%,显著高于相对湿度为80%的培养环境下EGSL。西瓜在相对湿度为30%的培养环境下的EGSL为69%,显著高于相对湿度为50%时的EGSL(38%)和相对湿度在80%时的EGSL(33%)。综上所述,通过优化了瓜类作物的CGMMV-VIGS的技术体系中接种方式和培养环境参数,提高了基因沉默率和有效性,并且能够快速获得整个植株基因沉默的种质资源,为作物优质和抗逆基因功能的研究提供有效途径。

新型竹鼠源阿卡斑病毒对山羊的致病性

旨在观察竹鼠源阿卡斑病毒(AKAV)对山羊的致病性,本研究以竹鼠源阿卡斑病毒GXLCH16-70株分别经颅内、皮下和静脉感染山羊,观察山羊临床症状、病毒血症、剖检病变、组织病理和病原组织器官分布等指征。结果显示,颅内接种组山羊攻毒第4~9天后,出现间歇性痉挛、抽搐等神经症状;皮下和静脉接种组的山羊于接毒第3~8天出现腹泻、眼角分泌物增多等症状;接种GXLCH16-70的所有山羊于感染第2~10天均出现病毒血症,感染第8天后均产生AKAV中和抗体,且一直持续到第21天。颅内组剖检可见大脑非化脓性脑脊髓炎,肺充血出血、脾边缘有出血点等病理变化。病理组织学检查显示,颅内组呈现为脑膜和皮质血管周围见有多层胶质细胞等炎性细胞浸润,形成“血管套”样结构。荧光定量RT-PCR对脑组织、脊髓等样品进行的病原检测结果显示,颅内组几乎在大脑的所有区域都检测到AKAV-S RNA片段;同时,静脉组和皮下组在部分脑组织和脊髓中也能检测到病原。结果表明,新型竹鼠源AKAV GXLCH16-70株经人工感染可导致山羊全身多器官和组织系统性病变,并且可引起山羊脑脊髓炎。

人乳头瘤病毒多重感染患者阴道菌群特征及功能分析

目的分析人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)多重感染患者阴道菌群特征及功能。方法选取2022年6月至2023年1月在贵州中医药大学第二附属医院接受HPV分型的20例患者,单一HPV感染10例,多重HPV感染10例,采用16Sr DNA高通量测序进行阴道菌群检测,采用KEGG分析阴道菌群功能。结果HPV单一感染患者的Shannon指数和Simpson指数高于HPV多重感染,差异有统计学意义(P=0.032、0.027);HPV单一感染患者优势菌属主要是乳酸杆菌、加德纳菌属、链球菌、奇异菌属和支原体,HPV多重感染患者优势菌属主要是加德纳菌属、乳酸杆菌、普雷沃菌属、支原体、巨球藻属;HPV单一感染患者Aquicella菌属高于HPV多重感染患者(P=0.000),HPV多重感染患者Subdoligranulum菌属、Truepera菌属高于单一HPV感染患者(P=0.002、0.000);HPV单一感染的菌群功能主要集中于蛋白折叠、其他次生代谢物的生物合成、核苷酸代谢、蛋白翻译等方面,HPV多重感染患者阴道菌群功能主要集中于糖聚糖的生物合成和代谢、其他氨基酸的代谢、异种生物体的生物降解和代谢、氨基酸代谢、能量代谢、辅助因子和维生素的代谢等。结论HPV多重感染患者阴道菌群多样性降低且功能更倾向于相关氨基酸和生物因子代谢。

重庆市合川区发热伴呼吸道感染患者多病原体监测结果分析

目的分析重庆市合川区发热伴呼吸道感染患者的病原体流行病学特征。方法选取2022-2023年重庆市合川区某医院246例发热伴急性呼吸道感染患者,采用多重聚合酶链反应(PCR)法对甲型/乙型流感病毒、新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)、呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)等18种病原体进行检测,同时应用实时荧光定量PCR法开展SARS-CoV-2、流感病毒及其分型检测,分析呼吸道病原体感染情况,并比较2种检测方法的一致性。结果246例患者中,呼吸道病原体阳性159例,其中1种以上病原体感染144例(58.54%)。不同性别患者呼吸道病原体总检出率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。不同性别患者各种呼吸道病原体检出率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。不同年龄段患者呼吸道病原体总检出率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同年龄段患者流感病毒、RSV检出率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而其他呼吸道病原体检出率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。不同季节就诊患者呼吸道病原体总检出率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同季节就诊患者H3N2+SARS-CoV-2、H1N1、SARS-CoV-2检出率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而其他呼吸道病原体检出率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。对于SARS-CoV-2、流感病毒,多重PCR技术和实时荧光定量PCR法敏感性基本一致,二者具有较好的一致性。结论流感病毒是2022-2023年重庆市合川区发热伴呼吸道感染患者致病的主要病原体,其他病原体混合感染的情况也并不少见。对于SARS-CoV-2和流感病毒,多重PCR法和实时荧光定量PCR法敏感性基本一致。