Background: Workers in the stone industry are exposed to many ocular health hazards. There is a paucity of data on the profile of ophthalmic disorders in this vulnerable group, especially in developing countries. Aim:...Background: Workers in the stone industry are exposed to many ocular health hazards. There is a paucity of data on the profile of ophthalmic disorders in this vulnerable group, especially in developing countries. Aim: We aimed to determine the burden and spectrum of ophthalmic disorders in stone workers in Abakiliki, Nigeria. Methods: In a population-based cross-sectional survey of stone industry workers conducted in Nigeria, between February and April 2012, relevant data from participants were collected. Descriptive and comparative statistics were performed and statistical significance was indicated by p Results: Participants (n = 384;males, 158;females, 226) were aged 32 ± 11.8 SD years (range, 14 - 68 years) and comprised 105 (27.3%) stone quarry workers and 226 (72.7%) stone processing workers. Of these, 298 (77.6%) had some form of ophthalmic disorder, which frequently involved the ocular anterior segment (69.9%) or posterior segment (4.9%). Work-related eye injuries were reported by 36.5% of employees. Leading disorders were anterior segment: pterygium-associated (37.9%). Visual impairment (2.9%) and monocular blindness (1.3%) were reported. The prevalence of eye disorders was not significantly associated with participant socio-demographic or work characteristics. Male gender (p = 0.001) and engagement in stone processing (p = 0.001) were significant predictors of work-related eye injury. Conclusions: Among stone industry workers in Abakaliki, Nigeria, there is a high prevalence of ophthalmic disorders, frequently of the ocular anterior segment, and work-related eye injuries are commonly reported. Occupational eye health education, provision of protective eye devices and appropriate ophthalmic care are suggested.展开更多
目的总结特发性颅内压增高临床特点,提高临床确诊率。方法回顾分析2014年1月至2018年5月诊治的153例特发性颅内压增高患者的症状与体征、影像学特点、治疗及预后,比较不同病程(亚急性组或慢性组)患者临床特点。结果特发性颅内压增高患...目的总结特发性颅内压增高临床特点,提高临床确诊率。方法回顾分析2014年1月至2018年5月诊治的153例特发性颅内压增高患者的症状与体征、影像学特点、治疗及预后,比较不同病程(亚急性组或慢性组)患者临床特点。结果特发性颅内压增高患者男女发病比例为1∶3.14,肥胖或超重者占78.43%(120/153);临床主要表现为视力下降[77.78%(119/153)]、发作性黑蒙[50.33%(77/153)]、头痛[45.10%(69/153)];影像学异常者约占64.05%(98/153),表现为空蝶鞍、视神经周围蛛网膜下腔增宽、优势侧或双侧横窦狭窄;颅内压≥30 cm H2O者占73.20%(112/153)。内科治疗138例、外科手术治疗15例,临床好转率约为86.93%(133/153);其中亚急性组发作性黑蒙发生率低于慢性组[42.55%(40/94)对62.71%(37/59);χ2=5.892,P=0.015],临床好转率高于慢性组[91.49%(86/94)对79.66%(47/59);χ2=4.463,P=0.035],而视力下降、头痛、搏动性耳鸣和水平复视,以及影像学异常、颅内压组间差异无统计学意义(均P> 0.05)。结论特发性颅内压增高是引起头痛、视觉障碍的重要病因之一,育龄期女性和肥胖人群易感;结合临床表现和影像学特点,早期诊断、及时治疗可以改善患者预后与转归。展开更多
文摘Background: Workers in the stone industry are exposed to many ocular health hazards. There is a paucity of data on the profile of ophthalmic disorders in this vulnerable group, especially in developing countries. Aim: We aimed to determine the burden and spectrum of ophthalmic disorders in stone workers in Abakiliki, Nigeria. Methods: In a population-based cross-sectional survey of stone industry workers conducted in Nigeria, between February and April 2012, relevant data from participants were collected. Descriptive and comparative statistics were performed and statistical significance was indicated by p Results: Participants (n = 384;males, 158;females, 226) were aged 32 ± 11.8 SD years (range, 14 - 68 years) and comprised 105 (27.3%) stone quarry workers and 226 (72.7%) stone processing workers. Of these, 298 (77.6%) had some form of ophthalmic disorder, which frequently involved the ocular anterior segment (69.9%) or posterior segment (4.9%). Work-related eye injuries were reported by 36.5% of employees. Leading disorders were anterior segment: pterygium-associated (37.9%). Visual impairment (2.9%) and monocular blindness (1.3%) were reported. The prevalence of eye disorders was not significantly associated with participant socio-demographic or work characteristics. Male gender (p = 0.001) and engagement in stone processing (p = 0.001) were significant predictors of work-related eye injury. Conclusions: Among stone industry workers in Abakaliki, Nigeria, there is a high prevalence of ophthalmic disorders, frequently of the ocular anterior segment, and work-related eye injuries are commonly reported. Occupational eye health education, provision of protective eye devices and appropriate ophthalmic care are suggested.
文摘目的总结特发性颅内压增高临床特点,提高临床确诊率。方法回顾分析2014年1月至2018年5月诊治的153例特发性颅内压增高患者的症状与体征、影像学特点、治疗及预后,比较不同病程(亚急性组或慢性组)患者临床特点。结果特发性颅内压增高患者男女发病比例为1∶3.14,肥胖或超重者占78.43%(120/153);临床主要表现为视力下降[77.78%(119/153)]、发作性黑蒙[50.33%(77/153)]、头痛[45.10%(69/153)];影像学异常者约占64.05%(98/153),表现为空蝶鞍、视神经周围蛛网膜下腔增宽、优势侧或双侧横窦狭窄;颅内压≥30 cm H2O者占73.20%(112/153)。内科治疗138例、外科手术治疗15例,临床好转率约为86.93%(133/153);其中亚急性组发作性黑蒙发生率低于慢性组[42.55%(40/94)对62.71%(37/59);χ2=5.892,P=0.015],临床好转率高于慢性组[91.49%(86/94)对79.66%(47/59);χ2=4.463,P=0.035],而视力下降、头痛、搏动性耳鸣和水平复视,以及影像学异常、颅内压组间差异无统计学意义(均P> 0.05)。结论特发性颅内压增高是引起头痛、视觉障碍的重要病因之一,育龄期女性和肥胖人群易感;结合临床表现和影像学特点,早期诊断、及时治疗可以改善患者预后与转归。
