SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF FAT SOLUBLE VITAMINS A, D_3, E AND K_1 IN FORTIFIED MILK POWDERS BY HPLC

A high performance liquid chromatographic method for the simultaneous determination of four fat soluble vitamins: retinol (vitamin A), cholecalciferol(vitamin D), tocopherol(vitamin E) and phylloquinone(vitamin K_1) in fortified milk powders and egg yolk has been developed. The method requires enzymatic hydrolysis of lipid component of the sample as a pretreatment. Several factors which influence the enzymatic hydrolysis were studied-Separation was achieved using μ-Bondapak C-18 column(3.9×300mm), 98% methanol as mobile phase, a double channel detection was selected; vitamins D_3 E_1 K_1 were detected by UV spectrophotometry (265 nm) first, then vitamin A by fluorometry (EX 325nm, EM 480mm). The retention times of vitamin A_1 D_3, E and K_1 4.87, 9.00, 10.58 and 15.45 min respectively. Detection limit were 0.64, 0.25, 0.50 and 0.07 ng; and the recoveries were 90.5%～103.6% 90.0%～95.6%, 91.7%～98.8%, 91.5%～98.6%, respectively. The vitamins A, D_0, E, K_1 contents in foods were determined satisfactorily.

Vitamins and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A molecular insight

The incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is rising rapidly across the globe.NAFLD pathogenesis is largely driven by an imbalance in hepatic energy metabolism,and at present,there is no approved drug for its treatment.The liver plays a crucial role in micronutrient metabolism,and deregulation of this micronutrient metabolism may contribute to the pathogenesis of NAFLD.Vitamins regulate several enzymatic processes in the liver,and derangement in vitamin metabolism is believed to play a critical role in NAFLD progression.The anti-oxidant activities of vitamins C and E have been attributed to mitigate hepatocyte injury,and alterations in the serum levels of vitamin D,vitamin B12 and folate have shown a strong correlation with NAFLD severity.This review aims to highlight the role of these vitamins,which represent promising therapeutic targets for the management of NAFLD.

Vitamin D3 supplementation influences ovarian histomorphometry and follicular development in prepubertal albino rats

Objective:To evaluate the development of ovarian follicles in female albino rats following vitamin D3 supplementation.Methods:Eighteen prepubertal female albino rats,aged 3-4 weeks,weighing(70.25±9.16)g,were assigned to three groups(n=6 in each group).Group A was treated with 5.00 mL/kg of distilled water and served as the control group,group B was treated with 0.025 mg/kg of vitamin D3 dissolved in distilled water,and group C was treated with 0.125 mg/kg of vitamin D3 dissolved in distilled water.All treatments were administered orally,twice weekly for 28 days.Blood and ovaries were harvested under anaesthesia.Serum vitamin D3 levels were determined by using spectrophotometric method.Ovaries were processed for histology and every10th hematoxylin and eosin stained-section was selected for histomorphometry.The number of follicles at each developmental stage was estimated.Results:Both 0.025 mg/kg and 0.125 mg/kg of vitamin D3 significantly increased serum concentrations of vitamin D3 and calcium(P<0.05),but did not alter inorganic phosphorus concentration(P>0.05).The control group had fewer growing follicles(primary,secondary and antral follicles)and more non-growing follicles(primordial and atretic follicles)when compared with the vitamin D3-supplemented groups(P<0.05).Vitamin D3 at 0.025 mg/kg significantly increased antral follicles and corpora lutea counts(P<0.05).Vitamin D3 at 0.125 mg/kg significantly increased total,primordial and atretic follicles counts(P<0.05),but significantly decreased primary,secondary,antral follicles count,ovarian weight,relative ovarian weight,and ovarian surface area when compared with the control group and rats treated with 0.025 mg/kg of vitamin D3(P<0.05).Conclusions:Vitamin D3 supplementation at 0.025 mg/kg can enhance optimal ovarian follicle recruitment and development in female rats.

Curative efficacy of vitamin D3 in combination with tripterygium wilfordii polyglycoside in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and its influences on indices of bone restoration

Objective: To investigate the curative efficacy of vitamin D3 in combination with tripterygium wilfordii polyglycoside in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and its influences on indices of bone restoration. Methods: A total of 320 patients with RA were collected as observation objects to be randomly divided into the control group and the observation group with 160 cases in each group. The control group was given treatment of tripterygium wilfordii polyglycoside, while the observation group was given treatment of vitamin D3 in combination with tripterygium wilfordii polyglycoside. All patients received a course treatment with 3 months. The curative efficacy, improvement of joint symptoms, changes of laboratory tests, indices of bone restoration and adverse reactions were compared. Results: After 3 months, assessment of curative efficacy showed that the observation group had a total curative efficiency ratio of 90.6%, which was significantly higher than that of 81.2% in the control group. Among the indices which reflect the improvement of joint symptoms, the joint pain index, joint tenderness index and joint swollenness index were statistically reduced in the observation group than those in the control group. And after treatment, in comparison with the control group, indices of laboratory tests of rheumatoid factor (RF), antistreptolyisn O antibody (ASO), c-reactive protein (CRP) were statistically lower respectively in the observation group. As to indices of bone restoration after treatment, the observation group had statistically lower serum level of receptor activator of nf-kb ligand (RNKL) and higher level of osteoprotegerin (OPG) than those in the control group. During the treatment, incidences of adverse reactions in the control group and the observation group were statistically same. Conclusion: Vitamin D3 in combination with tripterygium wilfordii polyglycoside has well curative efficacy in patients with RA, which can significantly improve joint symptoms, indices of laboratory tests and bone restoration.

Preparation and Spectroscopic of Vanadyl（Ⅱ） Vitamin D3 Amino Acid Mixed Complexes as Insulin Mimetic Drug

A new six intraperitoneal injection insulin-mimetic vanadyl(Ⅱ) compounds [(VD3^-1)(VO^+2)(AAn^-1)](where(n=1~6);AA1=isoleucine, AA2=threonine, AA3=proline, AA4=phenylalanine, AA5=lysine and AA6=glutamine) were synthesized by the chemical reactions between vitamin D3(VD3), VOSO4 and amino acids(AAn) with equal molar ratio 1∶1∶1 in neutralized media. The structures of these complexes were elucidated by spectroscopic methods like, infrared and solid reflectance spectroscopes. Magnetic moments and electronic spectra reveal square pyramid geometrical structure of the complexes. The infrared spectra assignments of these complexes revealed that the chelation towards vanadyl(Ⅳ) ions existed via deprotonation of the hydroxyl group of VD3 drug ligand and so amino acids act as bidentate ligand via N-amino and O-carboxylate groups. The anti-diabetic efficiency of these complexes were evaluated against streptozotocin induced diabetic male albino rats.

早产儿早发性肺炎脂溶性维生素A、D、E水平现状及影响因素探讨

目的 调查早产儿早发性肺炎脂溶性维生素A、D、E水平,并分析其影响因素。方法 本研究为单中心病例对照研究,选取了2022年11月至2023年6月期间在中山市人民医院新生儿监护室接受治疗的100例早产儿作为研究对象。根据早产儿是否发生肺炎将其分为肺炎组(n=50),称为观察组,并选取同期在我院治疗并出院的、无特殊病史的早产儿(n=50),称为对照组。采用高效液相色谱法来测试两组早产儿血清中的脂溶性维生素A、D、E的水平。比较两组早产儿和孕母临床资料,早产儿早发性肺炎患者影响因素分析采用Logistic回归模型。结果 观察组孕母胎膜早破以及患儿指标(性别、复苏史、采用呼吸辅助通气、出生体重、住院时长)明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。两组早产儿早期血清脂溶性维生素A、D、E水平显示,观察组维生素A、维生素E明显低对照组(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,早产儿为女性、孕母有胎膜早破是早产儿肺炎的危险因素(P<0.05);而高血清维生素A、维生素E是早产儿肺炎的保护因素(P<0.05)。结论 早产儿早发性肺炎存在脂溶性维生素A、E水平缺乏的现状,而早产儿为女性、孕母有胎膜早破史及有血清脂溶性维生素A、E缺乏是早产儿肺炎的影响因素。

补充维生素A、D、E预防早产儿支气管肺发育不良的meta分析

目的:评价补充不同维生素对预防早产儿支气管肺发育不良(BPD)的疗效。方法:检索中国知网(CNKI)、万方(Wan fang)、维普网(cqvip)、PubMed、Cochrane Library、Web of Science数据库,纳入关于补充维生素预防早产儿BPD的随机对照试验(RCTs),筛选符合纳入标准的RCTs,运用Cochrane偏倚风险评估工具进行文献质量评价,通过贝叶斯网状meta分析,分析比较不同维生素预防BPD的疗效。结果:共纳入21篇RCTs,(3188例早产儿)。与安慰剂组相比,中等剂量补充维生素D(400~800IU/d,OR=0.41,95%Cl[0.18,0.90])、小剂量补充维生素A(<1333IU/kg/d,OR=0.50,95%Cl[0.25,0.95])与BPD发生率降低相关。小剂量补充维生素D(<400IU/d,OR=12.36,95%Cl[1.00,600.21])可能与早产儿死亡率增加相关。小剂量补充维生素E(OR=0.59,95%Cl[0.23,1.36]),大剂量补充维生素E(OR=0.74,95%Cl[0.14,3.64])置信区间较宽,2项与预防早产儿BPD关系不大。结论:补充中等剂量维生素D、小剂量维生素A可有效预防早产儿BPD发生。小剂量补充维生素D可能增加早产儿死亡率,提示早产儿补充维生素D时应予足量补充。目前尚未充分证实维生素E在预防BPD方面的有效性。

血清维生素A、D、E水平与妊娠晚期甲状腺功能减退的关系及对妊娠结局的影响

目的探讨血清维生素A、D、E水平与妊娠晚期甲状腺功能减退的关系及对妊娠结局的影响。方法选取2019年5月至2023年4月于宝鸡市妇幼保健院按计划产检并住院分娩的妊娠晚期女性196例为研究对象,根据妊娠晚期甲状腺功能检测结果分为甲状腺功能正常组(n=120)和甲状腺功能减退组(n=76)。测定两组血清维生素A、D、E水平,采用多因素Logistic回归分析妊娠晚期甲状腺功能减退危险因素,并分析血清维生素A、D、E摄入情况对孕产妇妊娠结局的影响。结果甲状腺功能减退组血清维生素A、D水平与TSH水平呈负相关性,与FT4水平呈正相关性(r值分别为-0.673、-0.742、0.653、0.695,P<0.05);血清维生素E水平与TSH水平呈正相关性,与FT4水平呈负相关性(r值分别为0.524、-0.561,P<0.05);年龄较大、初产妇、孕前BMI较低、妊娠期贫血、血清维生素A低水平、血清维生素D低水平、血清维生素E高水平是妊娠晚期甲状腺功能减退的独立危险因素(OR值介于1.076~3.672之间,P<0.05)。维生素A不足的孕产妇胎儿窘迫、胎膜早破、宫缩乏力和低出生体重儿发生率高于维生素A正常者,维生素A过量的孕产妇早产和流产发生率高于维生素A正常者,差异具有统计学意义(χ^(2)值介于14.577~74.862,P<0.05);维生素D不足的孕产妇低出生体重儿发生率高于维生素D正常者,差异具有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.814,P<0.05);维生素E不足的孕产妇流产发生率高于维生素E正常者,维生素E过量的孕产妇胎膜早破、早产和低出生体重儿发生率高于维生素E正常者,差异具有统计学意义(χ^(2)值介于7.349~28.161之间,P<0.05)。结论血清维生素A、D低水平和维生素E高水平是妊娠晚期甲状腺功能减退的独立危险因素,且合理摄入和补充维生素A、D、E对降低不良妊娠结局具有重要意义。

Effects of dietary hemp seed oil to sows on fatty acid profiles,nutritional and immune status of piglets

Background:The oil from industrial hemp seeds(Cannabis sativa)is an ideal source of stearidonic acid,which is a precursor fatty acid for the long-chained n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids.These fatty acids are important for neonatal development,health and immunity.Hemp seed oil has been investigated for the influence on human health,but research on the impact in pig nutrition is scarce.The aim of our research was to study the effect of dietary hemp seed oil relative to soybean oil to lactating sows on the transfer of fatty acids to the off-spring and the effect on piglets’immune and nutritional status.Results:The fatty acid composition of the hemp seed and the soybean oil influenced the fatty acid composition of sow plasma,colostrum and mature milk.The highest proportion of C18:3n-3,C18:4n-3 and C20:4n-6 was obtained in mature milk fat of sows fed 5%hemp seed oil diet when compared to the other dietary fat sources(5%soybean oil or a 50:50 mix of hemp and soybean oil at 5%).The effect of dietary oil supplementation to sows was reflected in the plasma fatty acids profile of piglets.Notably the proportion of C20:5n-3 and C22:5n-3 was the highest in plasma of piglets suckling sows fed hemp seed oil-containing diets,whereas no C18:4n-3 could be detected hence indicating conversion ofα-linolenic acid(ALA)and stearidonic acid(SDA)to the longer chained n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids.Dietary fat source also influenced number of born piglets,their weight gain during first week,plasma concentration of glucose and IgG,and haematological profile.Conclusions:The hemp seed oil resulted in direct maternal supply with n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids(LCPUFA),especially ALA and SDA,and piglets were able to convert these fatty acids obtained via the sow milk intake to C20:5n-3 and C22:5n-3.Furthermore,some interesting effects of the 5%hemp seed oil was obtained with regard to piglet initial body weight gain and glucose,which could be of interest for further research,i.e.,the capability of hemp seed oil to benefit piglets during early life.

CYP24A1 inhibition facilitates the anti-tumor effect of vitamin D3 on colorectal cancer cells

AIM:The effects of vitamin D3 have been investigated on various tumors, including colorectal cancer (CRC). 25-hydroxyvitamin-D3-24-hydroxylase (CYP24A1), the enzyme that inactivates the active vitamin D3 metabolite 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25-D3), is considered to be the main enzyme determining the biological halflife of 1,25-D3. During colorectal carcinogenesis, the expression and concentration of CYP24A1 increases significantly, suggesting that this phenomenon could be responsible for the proposed efficacy of 1,25-D3 in the treatment of CRC. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-tumor effects of vitamin D3 on the human CRC cell line Caco-2 after inhibition of the cytochrome P450 component of CYP24A1 activity. METHODS:We examined the expression of CYP24A1 mRNA and the effects of 1,25-D3 on the cell line Caco-2 after inhibition of CYP24A1. Cell viability and proliferation were determined by means of sulforhodamine-B staining and bromodeoxyuridine incorporation, respectively, while cytotoxicity was estimated via the lactate dehydrogenase content of the cell culture supernatant. CYP24A1 expression was measured by realtime reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. A number of tetralone compounds were synthesized to investigate their CP24A1 inhibitory activity. RESULTS:In response to 1,25-D3, CYP24A1 mRNA expression was enhanced significantly, in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Caco-2 cell viability and proliferation were not influenced by the administration of 1,25-D3 alone, but were markedly reduced by coadministration of 1,25-D3 and KD-35, a CYP24A1-inhibiting tetralone. Our data suggest that the mechanism of action of co-administered KD-35 and 1,25-D3 does not involve a direct cytotoxic effect, but rather the inhibition of cell proliferation. CONCLUSION:These findings demonstrate that the selective inhibition of CYP24A1 by compounds such as KD-35 may be a new approach for enhancement of the anti-tumor effect of 1,25-D3 on CRC.

Effect of diets supplemented with linseed alone or combined with vitamin E and selenium or with plant extracts,on Longissimus thoracis transcriptome in growing-finishing Italian Large White pigs

Background: Supplementing farm animals diet with functional ingredients may improve the nutritional quality of meat products.Diet composition has been also demonstrated to influence the gene expression with effect on biological processes and pathways.However,the knowledge on the effect of nutrients at the molecular level is scant.In particular,studies on the effects of antioxidants and polyphenols dietary supplementation have been investigated mainly in rodents,and only scarcely in farm animals so far.RNA-Seq with next-generation sequencing is increasingly the method of choice for studying changes in the transcriptome and it has been recently employed also in pig nutrigenomics studies to identify diet-induced changes in gene expression.The present study aimed to investigate the effect of diets enriched with functional ingredients(linseed,vitamin E and plant extracts) on the transcriptome of pig Longissimus thoracis to elucidate the role of these compounds in influencing genes involved in muscle physiology and metabolism compared to a standard diet.Results: Eight hundred ninety-three significant differentially expressed genes(DEGs)(FDR adjusted P-value ≤ 0.05)were detected by RNA-Seq analysis in the three diet comparisons(D2-D1,D3-D1,D4-D1).The functional analysis of DEGs showed that the diet enriched with n-3 PUFA from linseed(D2) mostly downregulated genes in pathways and biological processes(BPs) related to muscle development,contraction,and glycogen metabolism compared to the standard diet.The diet supplemented with linseed and vitamin E/Selenium(D3) showed to mostly downregulate genes linked to oxidative phosphorylation.Only few genes involved in extracellular matrix(ECM)organization were upregulated by the D3.Finally,the comparison D4-D1 showed that the diet supplemented with linseed and plant extracts(D4) upregulated the majority of genes compared to D1 that were involved in a complex network of pathways and BPs all connected by hub genes.In particular,IGF2 was a hub gene connecting protein metabolism,ECM organization,immune system and lipid biosynthesis pathways.Conclusion: The supplementation of pig diet with n-3 PUFA from linseed,antioxidants and plant-derived polyphenols can influence the expression of a relevant number of genes in Longissimus thoracis muscle that are involved in a variety of biochemical pathways linked to muscle function and metabolism.

咳嗽变异性哮喘患儿血清25羟基维生素D3、免疫球蛋白E、血清淀粉样蛋白A水平与预后的相关性

目的探讨咳嗽变异性哮喘(cough variant asthma,CVA)患儿血清25羟基维生素D3[25-Hydroxyvitamin D3,25-(OH)D3]、免疫球蛋白E(immunoglobulinE,IgE)、血清淀粉样蛋白A(serumamyloidA,SAA)水平变化,及其对患儿预后的评估价值。方法选取2017年10月至2019年6月河南科技大学第三附属医院洛阳东方医院收治的80例CVA患儿为观察组,同时按照随机数表法选取同期40例健康体检儿童为对照组。根据患儿病情轻重程度分为重度组(28例)和轻度组(52例),同时根据预后情况分为预后良好组(62例)和预后不良组(18例)。检测各组血清25-(OH)D3、IgE、SAA水平,分析血清25-(OH)D3、IgE、SAA水平与CVA患儿病情及预后的关系。结果①观察组血清25-(OH)D3水平明显低于对照组,血清IgE、SAA水平则显著高于对照组(P<0.05);②随着CVA病情的加重,重度组血清25-(OH)D3水平逐渐降低,血清IgE、SAA水平则显著升高(P<0.05);③血清25-(OH)D3水平与CVA患儿病情显著负相关,血清IgE、SAA与CVA患儿病情呈明显正相关(P<0.05);④预后不良组血清25-(OH)D3水平显著低于预后良好组,而预后不良组血清IgE、SAA水平则高于预后良好组(P<0.05);⑤血清25-(OH)D3、IgE、SAA对CVA患儿预后不良的预测灵敏度和特异度差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论血清25-(OH)D3、IgE、SAA水平与CVA病情及预后密切相关,检测以上指标有助于评估CVA患儿的预后。

Enhanced Response of Acute Monocytic Leukemia Cells to Low-dose Cytarabine by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3

Low-dose cytarabine combined with differentiating or DNA hypomethylating agents,such as vitamin D compounds,is a potential regimen to treat acute myeloid leukemia(AML)patients who are unfit for high-intensity chemotherapy.The present study aimed to determine which subset of AML would be most responsive to low-dose cytarabine with the differentiating agent 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3(1,25-D3).Here,firstly,c Bio Portal database was used and we found out that vitamin D receptor(VDR)was highly expressed in acute monocytic leukemia(M5)and high VDR expression was associated with a poor survival of AML patients.Then,we confirmed that 1,25-D3 at clinical available concentration could induce more significant differentiation in acute monocytic leukemia cell lines(U937,MOLM-13,THP-1)and blasts from M5 patients than in non-monocytic cell lines(KG1 a and K562)and blasts from M2 patient.Finally,it was shown that the combination of 1,25-D3 and low-dose cytarabine further increased the differentiating rate,growth inhibition and G0/G1 arrest,while mild changes were found in the apoptosis in acute monocytic leukemia cell lines.Our study demonstrates that the enhanced response of acute monocytic leukemia cells to low-dose cytarabine by 1,25-D3 might indicate a novel therapeutic direction for patients with acute monocytic leukemia,especially for elderly and frail ones.

反复呼吸道感染患儿维生素A、D3、E水平的临床研究

目的分析维生素A、D3、E水平与儿童反复呼吸道感染(RRTI)的相关性,探讨改善由维生素缺乏导致的RRTI严重性的临床有效方法。方法收集2018年1至12月在上海市浦东医院儿科就诊的125例RRTI患儿的临床资料,并将其设为观察组;随机选取150例同期体检健康儿童设为对照组。采集入组儿童空腹静脉血样,应用高效液相色谱法、化学发光法分别测定血清维生素A、D3、E水平,并进行对照分析。将观察组患儿按照治疗方式进一步分为甲组(60例,常规治疗)和乙组(65例,常规联合补充维生素治疗),比较治疗效果。结果不同年龄段RRTI患儿分布差异有统计学意义(χ2=22.860,P<0.05)。观察组患儿血清维生素A、D3、E水平均显著低于对照组(t值分别为11.014、6.779、2.596,均P<0.05),而缺乏率均显著高于对照组(χ2值分别为83.173、53.363、5.774,均P<0.05)。经治疗,乙组患儿发热、咳嗽、扁桃体肿大及肺部啰音症状消失时间均较甲组缩短,不良反应发生率与随访6个月复发率均低于甲组(χ2值分别为12.393、10.099,均P<0.05)。结论维生素A、D3、E水平降低与儿童RRTI密切相关,常规治疗期间及时补充维生素可有效改善患儿的病情,促进康复,安全性较高。

复合维生素A、D_(3)、E纳米乳对雄性小鼠生精机能的影响

为了研究不同剂量的复合维生素A、D_(3)、E纳米乳对雄性小鼠生精机能的影响,试验将50只4周龄的雄性昆明小鼠随机分为5组,分别为对照组、高脂模型组、复合维生素组、高脂与低剂量复合维生素组、高脂与高剂量复合维生素组,每组10只。对照组饲喂SPF维持鼠料并正常饮水;高脂模型组饲喂高脂饲料GD60并正常饮水;复合维生素组饲喂SPF维持鼠料和含维生素A 13500 IU/kg、维生素D_(3)2000 IU/kg、维生素E 50 mg/kg的复合维生素A、D_(3)、E纳米乳稀释液;高脂与低剂量复合维生素组饲喂高脂饲料与含维生素A 13500 IU/kg、维生素D_(3)2000 IU/kg、维生素E 50 mg/kg的复合维生素A、D_(3)、E纳米乳稀释液;高脂与高剂量复合维生素组饲喂高脂饲料与含维生素A 27000 IU/kg、维生素D_(3)4000 IU/kg、维生素E 100 mg/kg的复合维生素A、D_(3)、E纳米乳稀释液。各组小鼠饲喂7周后称量体重,采集小鼠血液样本,解剖小鼠采集双侧睾丸和附睾并称重,计算睾丸脏器系数和附睾脏器系数,测定精子质量,包括精子密度、活力与有效精子数;睾丸和附睾称重后制备匀浆,检测血清中睾酮和睾丸组织中超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性及丙二醛含量。结果表明:与对照组相比,高脂模型组睾丸脏器系数、附睾脏器系数、精子质量、睾酮浓度均显著降低(P<0.05),超氧化物歧化酶与谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性均极显著降低(P<0.01),丙二醛含量极显著升高(P<0.01);与高脂模型组相比,高脂与低剂量复合维生素组和高脂与高剂量复合维生素组睾丸脏器系数、附睾脏器系数、精子质量、睾酮浓度均显著升高(P<0.05),超氧化物歧化酶与谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性均极显著升高(P<0.01),丙二醛含量极显著降低(P<0.01);生精小管与细胞异常现象得以改善,各组间不同时期生精小管数量差异不显著(P>0.05)。说明复合维生素A、D_(3)、E纳米乳可提高睾丸组织生精能力及抗氧化能力,改善生精小管微环境,保证精子的正常形成,对高脂饮食介导的生殖障碍有一定的修复作用。

Effect of vitamin D3 on production of progesterone in porcine granulosa cells by regulation of steroidogenic enzymes

1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 （VD3）, an active form of Vitamin D, is photosynthesized in the skin of vertebrates in response to solar ultraviolet B radiation （UV-B）. VD3 deficiency can cause health problems such as immune disease, metabolic disease, and bone disorders. It has also been demonstrated that VD3 is involved in reproductive functions. Female sex hormones such as estrogen and progesterone are biosynthesized mainly in ovarian granulosa cells as the ovarian follicle develops. The functions of sex hormones include regulation of the estrus cycle and puberty as well as maintenance of pregnancy in females. In this study, we isolated granulosa cells from porcine ovaries and cultured them for experiments. To examine the effects of VD3 on ovarian granulosa cells, the mRNA and protein levels of genes were analyzed by Real-time PCR and Western blotting assay. Production of progesterone from granulosa cells was also measured by ELISA assay. As a result, transcriptional and translational regulation of progesterone biosynthesis-related genes in granulosa cells was significantly altered by VD3. Furthermore, progesterone concen- trations in porcine granulosa cell-cultured media decreased in response to VD3. These results show that VD3 was a strong regulator of sex steroid hormone production in porcine granulosa cells, suggesting that vitamin D deficiency may result in inappropriate sexual development of industrial animals and eventually economic loss.

Correlation between expression of 1 α-hydroxylase and hypocalcaemia in rats with severe pancreatitis

Objective:To investigate the essential biochemical indices like 1-hydroxylase and hypocalcaemia in the rats with severe acute pancreatitis and explore the correlation between them.Methods:A total of 120 SPF grade Wistar male rats which were in similar physiological status were selected and randomly divided into two groups:sham group(SO group) and severe acute pancreatitis group(SAP group).Then they were divided into 1 h,3 h,6 h,and 12 h subgroups according to the killing lime.The severe acute pancreatitis model was established by retrograde injection of 5%sodium taurocholate.Serum calcium,serum creatinine,serum urea nitrogen and serum amylase were measured at different time.Serum 1,25 dihydroxy vitamin D3 level was determined by enzyme linked immunosorbentassay.The expression of 1-hydroxylase protein in the kidney tissue was determined with Western blotting and immunohistochemistry to observe its location.The pathologic features of the kidney tissue section was observed under light microscope and submicroscopic structure of the proximal convoluted tubule epithelial cell was observed under transmission electron microscope.Results:Compared with the SO group,rats in the SAP group showed continuous pathological injury as time went by.There was significant increase in serum creatinine,serum urea nitrogen and serum amylase in SAP group compared with the SO group 1,3,6,12 hours after the operation(P<0.05).There was significant decrease in serum calcium and 1,25 dihydroxy vitamin D3 3.6,12 hours after the operation(P<0.05).It also showed that the expression of the 1-hydroxylase protein in kidney tissues was upregulated at 1 h.3 h and decreased at 6h,12 h compared with the SO group.The serum calcium,1,25 dihydroxy vitamin D3 and the expression of the 1-hydroxylase protein in kidney tissues of the SAP group showed sustaining decrease.Western blotting showed positive correlation between the 1-hydroxylase expression and serum calcium at 3 h.6 h and 12 h(r=0.976,P<0.001;r=0.948.P<0.001;r=0.742,P=0.001) and also positive correlation between the 1-hydroxylase expression and serum1,25 dihydroxy vitamin D3 at 1 h,3 h,6 h and 12 h(r=0.935,P<0.001;r=0.952,P<0.001;r=0.917.P<0.001:r=0.874,P<0.001).Conclusions:At the early stage of the kidney injury,the expression of 1-hydroxylase in the kidney tissue is reduced with the progress of the disease and the decrease in its activity has a correlation with the hypocalcaemia.

维生素D3通过增强肝组织维生素D受体活性阻断JAK/STAT3通路减轻高胆固醇血症小鼠幽门螺杆菌感染相关胃炎

目的 探讨维生素D3(VD3)能否通过降低血脂抑制Janus激酶/信号转导子与转录激活子3(JAK/STAT3)信号通路从而减轻幽门螺杆菌(Hp)感染。方法 建立高胆固醇小鼠模型和Hp感染小鼠模型,采用VD3灌胃8周。采用实时定量PCR检测小鼠肝组织维生素D受体(VDR)、胰岛素诱导基因2(Insig-2)及小鼠胃组织胃泌素的mRNA表达,Western blot法检测胃组织JAK、STAT3、环加氧酶2(COX2)蛋白的表达,生化分析法检测小鼠血清胆固醇水平,ELISA检测各组小鼠血清白细胞介素6(IL-6)及IL-8水平,HE染色小鼠肝组织及胃组织的病变情况。结果 高胆固醇组及高胆固醇联合Hp感染组小鼠在灌胃VD3后,小鼠肝组织VDR、Insig-2的水平明显上升,胃泌素水平表达降低;胃组织JAK、STAT3及COX2蛋白的表达降低,血清中胆固醇水平降低,IL-6水平无明显变化,IL-8水平降低;与对照组相比,高胆固醇联合Hp感染组肝细胞气球样变减少,胃组织炎症减轻,胆固醇组、Hp感染组胃组织炎症也减轻。结论 VD3通过增强肝组织VDR的活性,阻断JAK/STAT3信号通路,抑制炎症因子表达减轻胃炎的程度。

子长市儿童维生素A、维生素D与维生素E缺乏现状分析

目的 分析子长市儿童维生素A、维生素D、维生素E缺乏的现状,为儿童维生素A、D、E缺乏症的防治提供流行病学依据。方法 收集子长市人民医院儿科2018年1月至2023年10月8 543例门诊、住院患儿血清样本,采用液相色谱质谱法检测维生素A、D、E水平。并对不同年龄段和不同性别儿童维生素A、D、E水平的差异进行了单因素方差分析与秩和检验。结果 85.11%的儿童维生素A缺乏或不足,43.34%的儿童维生素D缺乏或不足,呼吸道感染维生素A缺乏率高于消化道感染,不同年龄段儿童维生素A、D、E水平差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),维生素A水平在6~12个月龄儿童中最高,维生素D水平随年龄增长而升高,维生素E水平在1~3岁儿童中最高;不同性别儿童维生素A水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),维生素D、E水平差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),男童维生素D高于女童。结论 子长市儿童维生素A、D、E缺乏比例较高,尤其是维生素A、维生素D;不同年龄段和性别儿童维生素水平存在显著差异。

Vitamin D₃Variation between Children and Adults with Reference to Renal Stones, Environment and Urinary Tract Infections

Purpose: A better understanding of urinary tract infection (UTI) and the role of host, bacterial and environmental factors have improved the ability to identify the patients at risk and prevent or minimize sequelae. Kidney stones may be a complicated subject and its etiology is related to diet, increase urinary solutes and colloids in hot weather. Hypercalcaemia produced by taking large doses of vitamin D, creates high blood pressure and calcium deposits that can produce renal and bludder stones in all age groups including children. The objective of the present study was to estimate the serum level of vitamin D among patients particularly children taking treatable vitamin D. Correlation between vitamin D renal stones and UTI was also assessed. Methods: The number of patients studied was 150 collected during 2010 and 2011 in University teaching hospital. Forty two of them were children. The patients under study should have renal stone confirmed by ultrasound examination. Urine, blood and stone samples were taken for relevant laboratory investigations including identification of bacteriuria and its causative agents. Serum ions and vitamin D were also estimated. Type of renal stone collected was chemically identified. Results: One hundred and fifty patients with urolithiasis were included in the present study whose ages ranged from 8 months to 69 years and the ratio of males to females was 1.7:1. The frequency of patients revealed UTI was 52% and 78% of the infected patients were suffered from Gram-negative bacteria particularly Escherichia coli. Renal stones of mixed chemical composition were almost 72% and 78.2% of the stones were infection type. The mean of serum calcium was 2.157 mmol/L. The serum means of vitamin D among children and adults were 50.9 and 31.4 nmol/L respectively and the peak of this vitamin was recorded during summer. Conclusion: The frequency of UTI among urolithiasis patients was greater than that of non-urolithiasis. Enterobacteriaceae was the dominant family causing UTI particularly among females. Urolithiasis was more prevalent in males (62%). Recurrence of urolithiasis was high (39%) which indicated insufficient treatment of the underlying causes. Serum ions concentrations among children and adults were variables. Vitamin D values in children were higher than those estimated among adults and the peak of its overall concentration mean was found during summer (39.7 nmol/L). There was a strong relation between vitamin D level and the incidence of urolithiasis particularly among children with dietary problems.