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Behavioural Bioassays and Identification of Cashew Leaf and Stem Volatiles Mediating Attraction to the Stem Girdler, Analeptes trifasciata (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)
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作者 Idongesit Umanah Mokwunye Olufemi Richard Pitan 《Advances in Entomology》 2024年第3期170-182,共13页
The cashew stem girdler, Analeptes trifasciata Fabricius (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), damages cashew by its girdling activities in the stem thereby causing huge economic losses. The stem girdler is managed through cult... The cashew stem girdler, Analeptes trifasciata Fabricius (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), damages cashew by its girdling activities in the stem thereby causing huge economic losses. The stem girdler is managed through cultural practice of burning girdled stems and beetles, though this has drawbacks. The objective of this study was to explore the cues mediating attraction to the cashew host plant;hence the role of olfaction in host plant location by A. trifasciata underlying the semio-chemical option for controlling this insect pest. A diffusional Y-tube olfactometer was used to study the behavioural response of A. trifasciata, to freshly cut cashew stem and leaves odour sources. Methanol-extract of these plant tissues was subjected to the coupled gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Y-tube olfactometric assays demonstrated that both sexes oriented towards and spent significantly more time in stem odour arm compared to the leaf odour arm in both male (male: t = 2.228, d.f = 11, P = 0.040) and female (t = 2.341, d.f = 11, P = 0.040). A combination of fatty acids, amino acids and carbohydrates were detected in cashew stems. Some of these fatty acids are attractants to other insect pests. It is suspected that these fatty acid blends may possibly be responsible for facilitating host plant location by both sexes. In conclusion, both sexes were independently and strongly attracted to the stem volatiles;this study opens the possibility of utilizing cashew stem volatiles as surveillance and control tools. 展开更多
关键词 Analeptes trifasciata Behavioural Bioassay Host Plant Volatile Cues
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Combined metabolic phenotypes and gene expression profiles revealed the formation of terpene and ester volatiles during white tea withering process
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作者 Xuming Deng Jun Wu +8 位作者 Tao Wang Haomin Dai Jiajia Chen Bo Song Shaoling Wu Chenxi Gao Yan Huang Weilong Kong Weijiang Sun 《Beverage Plant Research》 2023年第1期188-198,共11页
Withering is a critical process to form the unique aroma of high-quality white tea.To study the mechanism underlying aroma changes during the white withering,we herein conducted volatile metabolomics and transcriptomi... Withering is a critical process to form the unique aroma of high-quality white tea.To study the mechanism underlying aroma changes during the white withering,we herein conducted volatile metabolomics and transcriptomics of the young leaves from the'Fuding Dahaocha'tea cultivar.As the withering time extended,the content of major aroma components increased significantly,score of sensory evaluation and Owuor's flavor index(OFI)also increased.The aromatic substances that accumulated during white tea withering were mainly volatile terpenes and esters.Their change trends were largely consistent with the gene expression of theα-linolenic acid metabolic pathways,while the correlation between the trends in volatiles and the gene expression of the terpenoid biosynthesis pathways was more complex and induced by the jasmonic acid(JA)signaling pathway.Additionally,we also explored the regulation pattern of key genes in the signaling pathway by related transcription factors.Three coexpression networks strongly correlated to the variation of volatile component content during withering were identified by weighted gene coexpression network analysis(WGCNA).Our results provide a new perspective on the processing mechanism and quality improvement of white tea. 展开更多
关键词 white volatile PROCESS
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Leaf Volatiles Induced by Mechanical Damage from Diverse Taxonomic Tree Species 被引量:2
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作者 平立岩 沈应柏 +1 位作者 金幼菊 郝建华 《Acta Botanica Sinica》 CSCD 2001年第3期261-266,共6页
Plant volatiles induced by wounding play key roles in plant-insect and plant-plant interactions. To deeply understand the mechanism of their induction by wounding and their functions in interplant communications, four... Plant volatiles induced by wounding play key roles in plant-insect and plant-plant interactions. To deeply understand the mechanism of their induction by wounding and their functions in interplant communications, four diverse tree species: ashleaf maples ( Acer negundo L.), hankow willow (Salix matsudana Koidz.), Chinese white poplar ( Populus tomentosa Carr.) and poplar opera 8277 (P. simonii x P. pyramibalis cv.), were used as materials. The blends of volatiles collected after damage were detected with GCMS. Most of the induced compounds reach high concentrations in 5 h. They are acyclic monoterpenes, fatty acid derivatives, and aromatic compounds. To authors' knowledge, dimethyl adipate, diisobutyl succinate and benthothiazole have never been reported in previous herbivore insect-plant systems, After being damaged 2 h, green leaf volatiles were released in large amount. The repellents were detected in higher concentration after 24 h. The time of releasing is different within different species, but many kinds of volatiles widely existed in different trees. There were some difference among species. Health ashleaf maple released more terpenoids, but poplars and willow produced more aromatic compounds. 展开更多
关键词 volatiles damage GC-MS TERPENOID fatty acid derivative aromatic compound
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Difference in volatiles of poplar induced by various damages 被引量:1
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作者 胡增辉 杨迪 沈应柏 《Journal of Forestry Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2004年第4期280-282,共3页
Three treatments including mechanical damage, Lymantria dispar attacking and daubing oral secretions of the in-sects on mechanically damaged cut were conducted on Populus simonii譖opulus pyramibalis c.v. in order to f... Three treatments including mechanical damage, Lymantria dispar attacking and daubing oral secretions of the in-sects on mechanically damaged cut were conducted on Populus simonii譖opulus pyramibalis c.v. in order to find the genuine reason leading to effective resistance response of tree to insects attacking. The release situation of the induced volatiles of the plant was analyzed by TCT-GC/MS at 24 hours after damages. The results indicated that some of the volatiles such as (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate, decanal, 3-hexenyl isovalerate, nonanal, ocimene, and 2-cyanobutane can be induced by both insects attack-ing and mechanical damage, while 2,6-dimethyl-1,3,5,7-octatetraene, 2-methyl-6-methylene-1,7-octadien-3-one, caryophyllene, Isovaleronitrile, diethyl-methyl-benzamide, and dicapryl phthalate were only induced by insects attacking. Such difference in volatiles was attributed to that there existed active components in oral sections of the larvae of Lymantria dispar 展开更多
关键词 Induced volatiles Oral secretions of insects Mechanical damage the larvae Lymantria dispar attacking
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Leaf Volatiles from Host Tree Acer negundo : Diurnal Rhythm and Behavior Responses of Anoplophora glabripennis to Volatiles in Field 被引量:8
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作者 李建光 金幼菊 +2 位作者 骆有庆 许志春 陈华君 《Acta Botanica Sinica》 CSCD 2003年第2期177-182,共6页
The volatile compounds from ash-leaf maple (Acer negundo L.) were examined by adsorption-thermodesorption and GC-MS. Thirty-two compounds, including alcohols, ketones, aldehydes, esters, terpenoids, carboxylic acids, ... The volatile compounds from ash-leaf maple (Acer negundo L.) were examined by adsorption-thermodesorption and GC-MS. Thirty-two compounds, including alcohols, ketones, aldehydes, esters, terpenoids, carboxylic acids, etc. were identified. The analysis revealed that the diurnal rhythm of release of volatile compounds from maple differed in July and in August. In July, the releasing of most volatile compounds reached the peak at 14 o'clock, when in August, the emission of volatile compounds reached the peak at 10 o'clock. Besides diurnal rhythm, there also existed other differences in the releasing of volatiles and their relative contents in July and in August. A possible explanation for this phenomenon is the maturation of leaves, since the sampling conditions were the same both in July and August. At the same time, the response of Anoplophora glabrpennis Motschulsky to volatiles was examined with field bioassay with traps. cis-3-hexen-1-ol was found to be more effective to attract A. glabrpennis than other volatiles released by ash-leaf maple tree in field trapping test. A mixture of 1-butanol, 1-pentanol and 2-pentanol was tested to be the most attractive to A. glabripennis among all tested volatiles. More field trapping tests should be conducted. 展开更多
关键词 Acer negundo Anoplophora glabtipennis VOLATILE diurnal rhythm behavioral response
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Behavioral responses of potato tuber moth (Phthorimaea operculella) to tobacco plant volatiles 被引量:16
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作者 LI Xiang ZHANG Xiu-ge +2 位作者 XIAO Chun GAO Yu-lin DONG Wen-xia 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2020年第2期325-332,共8页
Potato tuber moth(PTM)Phthorimaea operculella,also known as tobacco splitworm,is an important pest of tobacco plants.The knowledge on the interaction of tobacco plant volatiles and PTM behavior is limited.To clarify t... Potato tuber moth(PTM)Phthorimaea operculella,also known as tobacco splitworm,is an important pest of tobacco plants.The knowledge on the interaction of tobacco plant volatiles and PTM behavior is limited.To clarify the effect of tobacco plant volatiles on the orientation and oviposition behaviors of PTM and to identify potential compounds for PTM control,tobacco plant volatiles were collected by headspace collection method,and volatile compounds were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.Thirteen electrophysiological active compounds were screened by employing coupled gas chromatography-electroantennogram detection and from which nine available compounds were further verified by electroantennogram recording.cis-3-Hexen-1-ol showed significant attractant effect on the orientation behaviors of both male and female moths.Nonanal and decanal could only attract females,while octanal exhibited repellent effect on males.Oviposition selection experiment indicated that nonanal,decanal,decane and methyl hexadecanoate could stimulate the gravid females to lay more eggs,while octanal and 2,6-bis(1,1-dimethylenthyl)-4-methyl phenol inhibited their oviposition.Our study added more compounds to the list that could serve as potential PTM deterrents or attractants. 展开更多
关键词 Phthorimaea operculella tobacco volatiles electrophysiological response ORIENTATION OVIPOSITION
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EAG and behavioral responses of Helicoverpa armigera males to volatiles from poplar leaves and their combinations with sex pheromone 被引量:15
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作者 邓建宇 黄永平 魏洪义 《Journal of Zhejiang University Science》 EI CSCD 2004年第12期1577-1582,共6页
Electroantennogram (EAG) evaluation of selected compounds from wilted leaves of black poplar, Populus nigra, showed that phenyl acetaldehyde, methyl salicylate, (E)-2-hexenal elicited strong responses from male antenn... Electroantennogram (EAG) evaluation of selected compounds from wilted leaves of black poplar, Populus nigra, showed that phenyl acetaldehyde, methyl salicylate, (E)-2-hexenal elicited strong responses from male antennae of Helicoverpa armigera. When mixed with sex pheromone (Ph), some volatiles, e.g. phenyl acetaldehyde, benzyl alcohol, phenylethanol, methylsalicylate, linalool, benzaldehyde, (Z)-3-hexenol, (Z)-3-hexenylacetate, (Z)-6-nonenol, cineole, (E)-2-hexenal, and geraniol elicited stronger responses from male antennae than Ph alone. Wind tunnel bioassay demonstrated that various volatiles could either enhance or inhibit the effect of synthetic sex pheromone. (E)-2-hexenal, (Z)-3-hexenol and linalool in combination with Ph could not induce any male to land on source at all, whereas phenyl acetaldehyde, benzaldehyde, (Z)-6-nonenol and salicylaldehyde combined with Ph enhanced male response rates by 58.63%, 50.33%, 51.85% and 127.78%, respectively, compared to Ph alone. These results suggested that some volatiles shouldmodify sex pheromone caused behavior and that some of them could possibly be used as a tool for disrupting mating or for enhancing the effect of synthetic sex pheromone in the field. 展开更多
关键词 Helicoverpa armigera Wilted leave volatiles Chinese black poplar Sex pheromone EAG Wind-tunnel bioassay
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Antagonistic Activities of Volatiles from Four Strains of Bacillus spp. and Paenibacillus spp. Against Soil-Borne Plant Pathogens 被引量:12
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作者 LIU Wei-wei MU Wei ZHU Bing-yu DU You-chen LIU Feng 《Agricultural Sciences in China》 CAS CSCD 2008年第9期1104-1114,共11页
The four effective antagonistic Bacillus strains, isolated from the rhizosphere soil of cucumber in a greenhouse, produced antifungal volatiles. These volatiles strongly inhibited the growth of the most tested pathoge... The four effective antagonistic Bacillus strains, isolated from the rhizosphere soil of cucumber in a greenhouse, produced antifungal volatiles. These volatiles strongly inhibited the growth of the most tested pathogenic fungi with wide host plants, induced the mycelial morphological abnormalities, and decreased the sclerotoid production of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in sealed plates. Spores of Botrytis cinerea exposed to these volatiles for 24-48 h in cavity slides cracked and the sporaceous inclusion became brown and effused to the suspension. An interesting phenomenon observed was that all the bacterial volatiles exhibited intense inhibitory activities against the pigment formation of tested pathogenic fungi, including Ascochyta citrullina, Alternaria solani, Alternaria brassicae, and so on. Interactions mediated by microbial volatiles could be widespread in soils, and volatiles may play an important role in reducing disease levels. A phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA sequence placed the four bacteria in three species Paenibacillus polymyxa (BMP-11), Bacillus subtilis (BL02), and Bacillus pumilus (BSH-4 and ZB 13). Through headspace sampling and GC-MS analysis, a rich profile was found from B. subtilis and overlapping volatile patterns could be found among the different species. Studies are under the way to find the possible action mechanisms and to seek the effective application of bacterial volatiles in greenhouse. 展开更多
关键词 Bacillus spp. Paenibacillus spp. antifungal volatiles BIOCONTROL headspace-GC/MS
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Electrophysiological responses of the rice striped stem borer Chilo suppressalis to volatiles of the trap plant vetiver grass (Vetiveria zizanioides L.) 被引量:3
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作者 LU Yan-hui LIU Kai +1 位作者 ZHENG Xu-song Lü Zhong-xian 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2017年第11期2525-2533,共9页
Vetiver grass (Vetiveria zizanioides L.) was previously found to effectively attract female adults of Chilo suppressalis (Walker), an important pest of rice. To determine the volatile compounds involved in this at... Vetiver grass (Vetiveria zizanioides L.) was previously found to effectively attract female adults of Chilo suppressalis (Walker), an important pest of rice. To determine the volatile compounds involved in this attraction, electroantennography (EAG) responses to seven synthetic volatiles released from vetiver plants were examined. Our results indicated that the responses of C. suppressalis adult antennae to the different compounds varied widely. The compounds elicited strong EAG responses in female antennae were subsequently selected for further EAG response tests, namely, caryophyllene, β-ocimene, linalool and a-pinene. EAG responses to a combination of these four compounds did not differ significantly from the individual compounds. However, pair combination tests indicated that 0.01μg μL-1linalool and 50 μg μL-1 α-pinene, 50 μgμL-1 caryophyllene and 0.01μg μL-1 linalool, 0.01 μg μL-1 13-ocimene and 0.01 μg μL-1 linalool, and 0.01μg μL-1 β-ocimene and 50 μg μL-1 caryophyllene elicited significantly greater EAG responses in 3-day female moths compared to the 1-day female. These compound combinations and the corresponding ratios are probably playing an important role in attracting female adults of C. suppressalis to the vetiver grass. 展开更多
关键词 Chilo suppressalis electroantennography (EAG) volatiles vetiver grass trapping mechanism ATTRACTION
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Development of volatiles and odor-active compounds in Chinese dry sausage at different stages of process and storage 被引量:4
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作者 Huimin Zhou Bing Zhao +6 位作者 Shunliang Zhang Qianrong Wu Ning Zhu Su Li Xiaoqian Pan Shouwei Wang Xiaoling Qiao 《Food Science and Human Wellness》 SCIE 2021年第3期316-326,共11页
The effect of process and storage on the volatiles and odorant profi le of Chinese dry sausage was evaluated,as well as its physicochemical parameters.Microbial esterification and wine(27.54%–43.35%),and lipid oxidat... The effect of process and storage on the volatiles and odorant profi le of Chinese dry sausage was evaluated,as well as its physicochemical parameters.Microbial esterification and wine(27.54%–43.35%),and lipid oxidation(11.30%–34.92%)played a key role in flavor profile during process and storage.A significant increase of each volatile was detected during process except gradual decrease of volatiles from spices,while a gradual decrease of each volatile was detected during storage except signifi cant increase of volatiles from lipid oxidation and esterifi cation.15 and 6 odor-active compounds were respectively correlated(P<0.05)with the process and storage time.Level of heptanal,1-octen-3-ol,the ethyl of 2-methylbutanoic,3-methylbutanoic,butanoic,benzoic,hexanoic,heptanoic,octanoic and decanoic acid were best discriminators of process stage,while(E)-2-nonenal,ethyl hexanoate,ethyl heptanoate,and methyl decanoate,were marker compounds of storage time.An objective method was established to evaluate the stages of process and storage for samples. 展开更多
关键词 Chinese dry sausage volatiles Odor-active compounds PROCESS STORAGE
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Electrophysiological responses of Plutella xylostella to 9 different plant volatiles 被引量:1
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作者 XU Hong-xing WANG Su +1 位作者 TAN Xiao-ling ZHANG Fan 《环境昆虫学报》 CSCD 北大核心 2011年第4期442-447,共6页
Plutella xylostella is the main pest of cruciferae plants in the worldwide fields.The volatiles released from host plants serve vital roles in host-finding and oviposition behavior.Electroantennograms were recorded fr... Plutella xylostella is the main pest of cruciferae plants in the worldwide fields.The volatiles released from host plants serve vital roles in host-finding and oviposition behavior.Electroantennograms were recorded from male and female Plutella xylostella to 9 different plant volatiles(cabbage Brassica oleracea L.var.capitata,baby bokchoi Brassica chinensis L.,broccoli Brassica oleracea L.var.botrytis L.,Chinese cabbage Brassica pekinensis Rupr.,Radish Raphanus sativus L.,towel gourd Luffa Cylindrica Roem.,eggplant Solanum melongena L.,tomato Solanum lycopersicum,pepper Capsicum annuum L.) in healthy/injured status.The statistic analysis show there is a significant difference of EAG relative values between cruciferae and non-cruciferae volatiles.The EAG relative values of injured plant volatiles to both male and female changed a lot during the tests.Multiple-ANOVA analysis represents cross factors(sex,host-plant,plant status) showed a great interactive impacts to the EAG-RV. 展开更多
关键词 CRUCIFERAE EAG Plutella xylostella plant odours volatiles collention host specificity
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Attraction of bruchid beetles Callosobruchus chinensis (L.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) to host plant volatiles 被引量:1
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作者 WANG Hong-min BAI Peng-hua +4 位作者 ZHANG Jing ZHANG Xue-min HUI Qin ZHENG Hai-xia ZHANG Xian-hong 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2020年第12期3035-3044,共10页
Host-plant volatiles play an important role as cues for herbivores in search of resources, mates and oviposition sites in complex environments. Plant volatile-based attractants can be developed for pest monitoring and... Host-plant volatiles play an important role as cues for herbivores in search of resources, mates and oviposition sites in complex environments. Plant volatile-based attractants can be developed for pest monitoring and control. Previously, we indicated that mated female adults of Callosobruchus chinensis showed choice preference behavior toward 2-hexenal and benzaldehyde. Our objective here was to investigate the synergistic effect of host-derived attractive volatiles in attracting C. chinensis under laboratory and field conditions in Shanxi Province, China. We hypothesized that the ratio and concentration of volatiles derived from Vigna radiata play critical roles for C. chinensis in locating this host. Therefore, we collected and identified the volatiles of mungbean by using headspace collection and GC-MS. The effectiveness of different ratios and concentrations of two compounds (2-hexenal and benzaldehyde) that elicit C. chinensis searching behavior were examined in Y-tube olfactometer assays. The combination of 300 μg μL^–1 2-hexenal and 180 μg μL^–1 benzaldehyde loadings exhibited a synergistic effect on attracting C. chinensis (82.35%). Compared to control traps, the adults were significantly attracted to traps baited with blends, and more attraction to females than males was found for blend traps in the field experiments. Our results suggest that blends of this specific concentration and ratio of benzaldehyde and 2-hexenal can be used in traps as attractants for C. chinensis monitoring and control in the field. 展开更多
关键词 Callosobruchus chinensis plant volatiles synergistic effect OLFACTOMETER ATTRACTANT
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Nanorocks, volatiles and plate tectonics 被引量:1
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作者 Gautier Nicoli Silvio Ferrero 《Geoscience Frontiers》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2021年第5期202-214,共13页
The global geological volatile cycle(H,C,N)plays an important role in the long term self-regulation of the Earth system.However,the complex interaction between its deep,solid Earth components(i.e.crust and mantle),Ea... The global geological volatile cycle(H,C,N)plays an important role in the long term self-regulation of the Earth system.However,the complex interaction between its deep,solid Earth components(i.e.crust and mantle),Earth’s fluid envelopes(i.e.atmosphere and hydrosphere)and plate tectonic processes is a subject of ongoing debate.In this study we want to draw attention to how the presence of primary melt(MI)and fluid(FI)inclusions in high-grade metamorphic minerals could help constrain the crustal component of the volatile cycle.To that end,we review the distribution of MI and FI throughout Earth’s history,from ca.3.0 Ga ago up to the present day.We argue that the lower crust might constitute an important,longterm,volatile storage unit,capable to influence the composition of the surface envelopes through the mean of weathering,crustal thickening,partial melting and crustal assimilation during volcanic activity.Combined with thermodynamic modelling,our compilation indicates that periods of well-established plate tectonic regimes at<0.85 Ga and 1.7-2.1 Ga,might be more prone to the reworking of supracrustal lithologies and the storage of volatiles in the lower crust.Such hypothesis has implication beyond the scope of metamorphic petrology as it potentially links geodynamic mechanisms to habitable surface conditions.MI and FI in metamorphic crustal rocks then represent an invaluable archive to assess and quantify the co-joint evolution of plate tectonics and Earth’s external processes. 展开更多
关键词 Nanorocks Plate tectonics volatiles Lower crust
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Allelopathy of Gaseous Volatiles of Eupatorium adenophorum on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Pinus yunanensis 被引量:1
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作者 Cao Zilin Wang Xiaoli +3 位作者 Li Genqian Li Xiaoting Gao Hui Yuan Sian 《Plant Diseases and Pests》 CAS 2013年第4期1-4,16,共5页
[ Objective] The paper was to understand allelopathy of gaseous volatiles of Eupatorium adenophorum stems and leaves on seed germination and seedling growth of P/nus yunnanens/s. [ Method] P. yunnanens/s seeds were tr... [ Objective] The paper was to understand allelopathy of gaseous volatiles of Eupatorium adenophorum stems and leaves on seed germination and seedling growth of P/nus yunnanens/s. [ Method] P. yunnanens/s seeds were treated by fresh stems and leaves of E. adenophorum in translucent airtight container under high concentration (0.069 4 g/cm3 ), middle concentration (0.023 1 g/cm3 ) and lower concentration (0. 007 7 g/cm3 ), respectively. [ Result] Gaseous volatiles affected seed germination process; with the increasing processing concentration, the day on which seeds began to germinate and the day reaching germination peak were delayed, and the germination quantity on the day reaching germination peak was decreased ; the day on which the germination quantity began to significantly re- duce was delayed ; the process curve was developed from sudden increase and sudden decrease to gentle change, and nearly became a beeline at high concentration. The effects of gaseous volatiles on seed germination ( seed germination rate, germination potential, germination index) and seedling growth (fresh weight, dry weight, radicle length, hypceotyl length) of P. yunnanens/s were basically consistent, showing a regularity that high concentration had stronger inhibition effect and the inhibition effect became weaker with the decreasing concentration of E. adenophorum. E. adenophorum was widely distributed under P. yunnanens/s forests, and might affect natural regeneration and growth of P. yunnanens/s via allelopathy. [ Conclusion ] The paper provides reference for scientific management of P. yunnanens/s forests. 展开更多
关键词 Eupator/um adenophorum Gaseous volatiles Pinus yunnanens/s Seed germination Seedling growth ALLELOPATHY
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Analysis of Leaf Volatiles of Crabapple (<i>Malus</i>sp.) Individuals in Different Aphids’ Resistance 被引量:1
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作者 Rong Wang Xiang Shen +3 位作者 Chao Wang Rui Ge Zhen Zhang Xiaojing Guo 《American Journal of Plant Sciences》 2014年第21期3295-3301,共7页
The aim of this experiment was to analyze the leaf volatiles of crabapple (Malus sp.) individuals at different aphid’s resistance, to ascertain the particular ingredients which has lure or aversion effects on aphid, ... The aim of this experiment was to analyze the leaf volatiles of crabapple (Malus sp.) individuals at different aphid’s resistance, to ascertain the particular ingredients which has lure or aversion effects on aphid, and to provide reference for finding out a simple method to control effectively aphids. Volatiles of leaves from twenty-one different crabapple individuals were evaluated with the method of head space-solid phase micro-extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS). Volatiles profiles of them were then compared. There are one hundred eighty-six kinds of volatiles were detected with varied contents found in different individuals. And all plants contain eight kinds of common components: 3-Hexen-1-ol, acetate, (Z)-, 4-Hexen-1-ol, (Z)-, n-Decanal, n-Tetradecane, .alpha.-Farnesene, Diethyl Phthalate, Oxime-, methoxy-phenyl- and Dibenzofuran-, wherein the relative content of higher have 3-Hexen-1-ol, acetate, (Z)- and 4-Hexen-1-ol, (Z)-. Specific volatile substances in high resistance plants contain 3-Hexenal, (Z)- and 2-Hexenal, (E)-. Leaf volatiles differ in twenty-one crabapple individuals. High resistance plants specific volatile substances contains 3-Hexenal, (Z)-, 2-Hexenal, (E)- and other small molecular volatile substances, and no-resistance plants all have .beta.-Farnesene. 展开更多
关键词 CRABAPPLE (Malus sp.) volatiles (VOCs) APHIDS
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Deep Volatiles as the Key for Energy and Environments of the Four-Dimensional Earth System
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作者 Ho-Kwang Mao Craig M. Schiffries 《Engineering》 SCIE EI 2019年第3期393-394,共2页
Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and their compounds are volatile components that dominate the thin and fragile atmosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere on Earth’s habitable surface. However, the vast majori... Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and their compounds are volatile components that dominate the thin and fragile atmosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere on Earth’s habitable surface. However, the vast majority of these volatiles are hidden in the deep interior, where the high pressure–temperature conditions drastically and categorically alter the physics and chemistry of the volatiles. Like the bloodstream of an organism, the circulations and interactions of volatiles in the deep Earth modulate climate, resources, energy, natural hazards, and other factors that define the Earth as a unique living and changing planet. 展开更多
关键词 Four-Dimensional EARTH SYSTEM DEEP volatiles
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Volatiles from <i>Acer truncatum</i>Flowers
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作者 Hongjian Ren Fenfen Si +4 位作者 Meijing Ye Qian Qiao Kai An Chao Wang Zhen Feng 《American Journal of Plant Sciences》 2018年第2期231-238,共8页
Plant volatile organic compounds (Biogenic Volatile Organic compounds, referred BVOCs) have a significant impact on the atmospheric environment, air quality and human health. This experiment takes Acer truncatum flowe... Plant volatile organic compounds (Biogenic Volatile Organic compounds, referred BVOCs) have a significant impact on the atmospheric environment, air quality and human health. This experiment takes Acer truncatum flowers as the research object, uses solid-phase micro-extraction combine GC-MS (SPME-GC-MS) to detect the main component of volatiles released by the flowers from 10 individual trees of Acer truncatum (Acer truncatum Bunge). The results showed that 37 kinds of volatiles were detected and they are belonged to four types organic compouds, such as terpenoids, alcohols, ketones, esters. According to the analysis of the main components of Acer truncatum flower volatiles includes Fluorene, 4,8 -Dimethyl-1,3 (E), 7-Nonene, (cis, trans)-2,6-Dimethyl-2,4,6-triene-Partenkirchen, Myrcene, Basil hexene, 3-Carene, (E)-Basil, Camphene, Caryophyllene, Linalool, α-Terpinolene, O-cymene, 3-Vinyl-1,2-dimethyl-1, Eucalyptus alcohols and Alcohol vinegar-12. However, there were no significant differences between individual trees in terms of obscure material O-cymene, Eucalyptus alcohols, Alcohol vinegar-12, as well as the significant differences in terms of remaining volatiles. 展开更多
关键词 Acer truncatum FLOWER volatiles SPME GC-MS
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Screening of Slow Release Solvents for Plant Volatiles
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作者 Changgeng Dai Hongbo Li +1 位作者 Qi Wei Yang Hu 《Plant Diseases and Pests》 CAS 2021年第3期20-24,共5页
[Objective] The paper was to study the slow release effects of eight common kinds of slow release solvents on n-hexane, and to provide a reference for the construction of slow release system of attractants or repellen... [Objective] The paper was to study the slow release effects of eight common kinds of slow release solvents on n-hexane, and to provide a reference for the construction of slow release system of attractants or repellents synthesized by plant volatiles. [Method] The effect of slow release solvents on volatile quantity and release rate of n-hexane was compared by weight loss method. [Result] Under indoor natural conditions [(22±2) ℃,RH 50%±10%], the slow release effect of lubricating oil on n-hexane was the best, followed by liquid paraffin. The best ratio of slow release solvent(lubricating oil and liquid paraffin) and n-hexane was 5∶1 and the best mixing time was 3 h, which improved the slow release effects of n-hexane by6.3 and 4.7 times, and prolonged the half-life of n-hexane by 1.3 and 1.0 times, respectively. Slow release solvents mainly affected the post-half-life period of n-hexane, and the release rates of n-hexane mixed with lubricating oil and liquid paraffin were decreased by 10.4 and 7.7 times, respec-tively. During the half-life period, the release rates of n-hexane were decreased by 1.3 and 1.0 times, respectively. [Conclusion] Two kinds of slow release solvents with good slow release effect on volatile n-hexane are screened out, and the proportion and mixing time of slow release solvent and volatile are determined, which will provide technical support for the construction of plant volatile slow release system. 展开更多
关键词 Plant volatiles Slow release solvent N-HEXANE Lubricating oil Liquid paraffin
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Volatiles from <i>Prunus persica</i>Flowers and Their Correlation with Flower-Visiting Insect Community in Wanbailin Ecological Garden, China
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作者 Xiujuan Du Peter Witzgall +6 位作者 Kongming Wu Fengming Yan Chunsen Ma Hua Zheng Fang Xu Guoqiang Ji Xiaohong Wu 《Advances in Entomology》 2018年第2期116-133,共18页
Object: To investigate the VOCs from living Prunus persica flowers of different branches and their correlation with floral insects. Special, dominant and 20 VOCs were analysed from living Prunus persica flowers captur... Object: To investigate the VOCs from living Prunus persica flowers of different branches and their correlation with floral insects. Special, dominant and 20 VOCs were analysed from living Prunus persica flowers captured by closely and circularly headspace way in adsorbent tubes and ATD-GC/MS on 29 April in Wanbailin Ecological Garden, China. VOCs from high altitude tree are more than low altitude in sunny site, and floral volatile constituents from upslope branches are less than downslope of the same tree on high altitude. Special floral VOCs were alpha-dimethyl-benzenemethanol, isopropyl palmitate, ethylbenzene, p-xylene, acetophenone, 3-ethyl-2-methyl-Heptane on sunny slope, and propylene glycol, decanal, hexadecane on shady slope. Dominant VOCs founded during 8 temporal quanta were toluene, hexane, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, dodecane, pentadecane. Floral VOCs’ number from sunny slope was significantly negative correlated with flower-visiting insect community richness, abundance, diversity on sunny or shady slope, which from shady slope was significantly positive correlated with flower-visiting insect community parameters on both slopes tried dividing insects visiting floral branches from Prunus persica in sunny site with n/2 + 1 or n/2 - 1, and shady site with n/2 before sampled volatiles day. On sampled volatiles day, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol from sunny slope was significantly positive correlated with flower-visiting insect community parameters on shady slope (P Prunus persica on sunny slope, and even floral branches kept on shady slope. 展开更多
关键词 Prunus persica FLOWERS volatiles Flower-Visiting Insect Chemical Response
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Volatiles (S-CO<sub>2</sub>-H<sub>2</sub>O-Cl-F) Behavior during the AD 1944 Eruption
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作者 Angelo Paone 《International Journal of Geosciences》 2015年第3期238-245,共8页
The AD 1944 is the last vulcanian-effusive eruption of Vesuvius volcano. I have reviewed most of the major and volatile elements in order to better understand the eruptive dynamic of this hazardous volcano. These volc... The AD 1944 is the last vulcanian-effusive eruption of Vesuvius volcano. I have reviewed most of the major and volatile elements in order to better understand the eruptive dynamic of this hazardous volcano. These volcanic products were basically formed by at least two main petrogenetic mechanisms: 1) mixing, 2) crystal fractionation. Crystal fractionation plays a major role in the evolution of the volcanic products of the AD 1944 eruption. According to the major elements data, several fractionation lines can be employed. Volatile data are analyzed in sequence. Indeed, the volatile data allow an insight into the exsolution and degassing processes occur during the growth and eruption of the AD 1944 eruption. Some inferences are also made on the exsolution and degassing depth. The volatile data illustrate a sequential order of exsolution for the AD 1944 eruption: Cl-H2O-CO2-S and finally as volatile phase degassed fluorine. The eruption has not interacted with external water. An early exsolution of Cl in Cl-rich magmas is also confirmed by experimental and geological studies (3 - 4 Kbars) coinciding with the deep magma reservoir. 展开更多
关键词 AD 1944 ERUPTION VESUVIUS Degassing volatiles Differentiation Solubility
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