BACKGROUND Expression of the full-length isoform of Abelson interactor 1(ABI1),ABI1-p65,is increased in colorectal carcinoma(CRC)and is thought to be involved in one or more steps leading to tumor progression or metas...BACKGROUND Expression of the full-length isoform of Abelson interactor 1(ABI1),ABI1-p65,is increased in colorectal carcinoma(CRC)and is thought to be involved in one or more steps leading to tumor progression or metastasis.The ABI1 splice isoform-L(ABI1-SiL)has conserved WAVE2-binding and SH3 domains,lacks the homeodomain homologous region,and is missing the majority of PxxP-and Pro-rich domains found in full-length ABI1-p65.Thus,ABI1-SiL domain structure suggests that the protein may regulate CRC cell morphology,adhesion,migration,and metastasis via interactions with the WAVE2 complex pathway.AIM To investigate the potential role and underlying mechanisms associated with ABI1-SiL-mediated regulation of CRC.METHODS ABI1-SiL mRNA expression in CC tissue and cell lines was measured using both qualitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)and realtime quantitative RT-PCR.A stably ABI1-SiL overexpressing SW480 cell model was constructed using Lipofectamine 2000,and cells selected with G418.Image J software,CCK8,and transwell assays were used to investigate SW480 cell surface area,proliferation,migration,and invasion.Immunoprecipitation,Western blot,and co-localization assays were performed to explore intermolecular interactions between ABI1-SiL,WAVE2,and ABI1-p65 proteins.RESULTS ABI1-SiL was expressed in normal colon tissue and was significantly decreased in CRC cell lines and tissues.Overexpression of ABI1-SiL in SW480 cells significantly increased the cell surface area and inhibited the adhesive and migration properties of the cells,but did not alter their invasive capacity.Similar to ABI1-p65,ABI1-SiL still binds WAVE2,and the ABI1-p65 isoform in SW480 cells.Furthermore,co-localization assays confirmed these intermolecular interactions.CONCLUSION These results support a model in which ABI1-SiL plays an anti-oncogenic role by competitively binding to WAVE2 and directly interacting with phosphorylated and non-phosphorylated ABI1-p65,functioning as a dominant-negative form of ABI1-p65.展开更多
Waves play a major role in the ocean phenomena in the Gulf of Guinea(GoG). In order to reveal the spatial-temporal distribution characteristics and the propagation mechanism of waves from the South Atlantic Ocean to t...Waves play a major role in the ocean phenomena in the Gulf of Guinea(GoG). In order to reveal the spatial-temporal distribution characteristics and the propagation mechanism of waves from the South Atlantic Ocean to the GoG, 4typical points located in mid-latitude of South Atlantic(14°30′W, 30°0′S), south of the GoG(10°30′W, 15°0′S), offshore of the GoG(0°0′, 0°0′) and near shore of the GoG(6°4′58.8″W, 4°3′36″S) are selected, and waves from Atlantic Ocean to GoG are simulated by using a two-layer-nesting wave numerical model SWAN(Simulating Waves Nearshore). The results show that the hybrid waves(waves hereafter) and the swells have strong relationship with local wind in Roaring Forties and at mid-latitude of South Atlantic Ocean, while there is no obvious correlation between waves and local winds in the GoG. Swells are generated in the South Atlantic Ocean and propagate into the GoG. 2D wave spectra at the four selected typical points are simulated. The spectral pattern and wave component structure indicate that the wave system in GoG is dominated by the S-SW swells generated from Roaring Forties and mid-latitude of South Atlantic, whether it is at maximum(2.2-2.8 m), medium(1.8-2.2 m) or minimum(1.2 m) significant wave height in the GoG during simulation period.展开更多
A series of experiments are designed to propose a new method to study the characteristics of convex mode-2internal solitary waves(ISWs)in optical remote sensing images using a laboratory-based optical remote sensing s...A series of experiments are designed to propose a new method to study the characteristics of convex mode-2internal solitary waves(ISWs)in optical remote sensing images using a laboratory-based optical remote sensing simulation platform.The corresponding wave parameters of large-amplitude convex mode-2 ISWs under smooth surfaces are investigated along with the optical remote sensing characteristic parameters.The mode-2 ISWs in the experimentally obtained optical remote sensing image are produced by their overall modulation effect on the water surface,and the extreme points of the gray value of the profile curve of bright-dark stripes appear at the same location as the real optical remote sensing image.The present data extend to a larger range than previous studies,and for the characteristics of large amplitude convex mode-2 ISWs,the experimental results show a second-order dependence of wavelength on amplitude.There is a close relationship between optical remote sensing characteristic parameters and wave parameters of mode-2 ISWs,in which there is a positive linear relationship between the bright-dark spacing and wavelength and a nonlinear relationship with the amplitude,especially when the amplitude is very large,there is a significant increase in bright-dark spacing.展开更多
For the 22-year solar cycle oscillation there is no external time dependent source. A nonlinear oscillation, the solar cycle must be generated internally, and Babcock-Leighton models apply an artificial nonlinear sour...For the 22-year solar cycle oscillation there is no external time dependent source. A nonlinear oscillation, the solar cycle must be generated internally, and Babcock-Leighton models apply an artificial nonlinear source term that can simulate the observations—which leaves open the question of the actual source mechanism for the solar cycle. Addressing this question, we propose to take guidance from the wave mechanism that generates the 2-year Quasi-biennial Oscillation (QBO) in the Earth atmosphere. Upward propagating gravity waves, eastward and westward, deposit momentum to generate the observed zonal wind oscillation. On the Sun, helioseismology has provided a thorough understanding of the acoustic p-waves, which propagate down into the convective envelope guided by the increasing temperature and related propagation velocity. Near the tachocline with low turbulent viscosity, the waves propagating eastward and westward can produce an axisymmetric 22-year oscillation of the zonal flow velocities that can generate the magnetic solar dynamo. Following the Earth model, waves in opposite directions can generate in the Sun wind and magnetic field oscillations in opposite directions, the proposition of a potential solar cycle mechanism.展开更多
Typhoon-generated waves are simulated with two numerical wave models, the SWAN model for the coastal and Yangtze Estuary domain, nested within the WAVEWATCHIII （WW3） for the basin-scale East China Sea domain. Typhoo...Typhoon-generated waves are simulated with two numerical wave models, the SWAN model for the coastal and Yangtze Estuary domain, nested within the WAVEWATCHIII （WW3） for the basin-scale East China Sea domain. Typhoon No. 8114 is chosen because it was very strong, and generated high waves in the Estuary. WW3 was implemented for the East China Sea coarse-resolution computational domain, to simulate the waves over a large spatial scale and provide boundary conditions for SWAN model simulations, implemented on a fine-resolution nested domain for the Yangtze Estuary area. The Takahashi wind model is applied to the simulation of the East China Sea scale （3-hourly） and Yangtze Estuary scale （1-hourly） winds. Simulations of significant wave heights in the East China Sea show that the highest waves are on the right side of the storm track, and maxima tend to occur at the eastern deep-water open boundary of the Yangtze Estuary. In the Yangtze Estuary, incoming swell is dominant over locally generated waves before the typhoon approaches the Estuary. As the typhoon approaches the Estuary, wind waves and swell coexist, and the wave direction is mainly influenced by the swell direction and the complex topography.展开更多
The mode-2 internal solitary waves(ISWs)generated by mode-2 internal tide(IT)are identified by mooring observations in the northern South China Sea(SCS)from 2016 to 2017.Two mode-2 ISWs with a re-appearance period of ...The mode-2 internal solitary waves(ISWs)generated by mode-2 internal tide(IT)are identified by mooring observations in the northern South China Sea(SCS)from 2016 to 2017.Two mode-2 ISWs with a re-appearance period of 24.9 h observed on 29 and 30 July 2016 are characterized by type-b ISWs.They occurred when the isotherms compressed obviously in the vertical direction.Modal decomposition of IT horizontal currents shows that the vertical compression of the isotherms is mainly caused by diurnal mode-2 IT.The analysis of the role of the density stratification reveals that a deeper and thinner pycnocline is favorable for generation of mode-2 ISWs rather than pycnocline intensity.By comparing the mode-2 nonlinear,dispersion coefficients and the Ursell numbers calculated based on the stratification associated with different kinds of ITs with the observation results,it is shown that the diurnal mode-2 IT plays a crucial role in the generation of the mode-2 ISWs.When the diurnal mode-2 IT interacts with the semidiurnal IT and causes a deeper and thinner pycnocline,the mode-2 ISWs are easily excited.展开更多
This paper describes formulation and implementation of the fast multipole boundary element method （FMBEM） for 2D acoustic problems. The kernel function expansion theory is summarized, and four building blocks of the...This paper describes formulation and implementation of the fast multipole boundary element method （FMBEM） for 2D acoustic problems. The kernel function expansion theory is summarized, and four building blocks of the FMBEM are described in details. They are moment calculation, moment to moment translation, moment to local translation, and local to local translation. A data structure for the quad-tree construction is proposed which can facilitate implementation. An analytical moment expression is derived, which is more accurate, stable, and efficient than direct numerical computation. Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the FMBEM, and radiation of a 2D vibration rail mode is simulated using the FMBEM.展开更多
Significant wave height（SWH） can be computed from the returning waveform of radar altimeter, this parameter is only raw estimates if it does not calibrate. But accurate calibration is important for all applications,...Significant wave height（SWH） can be computed from the returning waveform of radar altimeter, this parameter is only raw estimates if it does not calibrate. But accurate calibration is important for all applications, especially for climate studies. HY-2a altimeter has been operational since April 2012 and its products are available to the scientific community. In this work, SWH data from HY-2A altimeters are calibrated against in situ buoy data from the National Data Buoy Center（NDBC）, Distinguished from previous calibration studies which generally regarded buoy data as ＂truth＂, the work of calibration for HY-2A altimeter wave data against in situ buoys was applied a more sophisticated statistical technique-the total least squares（TLS） method which can take into account errors in both variables. We present calibration results for HY-2A radar altimeter measurement of wave height against NDBC buoys. In addition, cross-calibration for HY-2A and Jason-2 wave data are talked over and the result is given.展开更多
For the （2＋1）-dimensional Broer–Kaup–Kupershmidt（BKK） system, the nonlocal symmetries related to the Schwarzian variable and the corresponding transformation group are found. Moreover, the integrability of the ...For the （2＋1）-dimensional Broer–Kaup–Kupershmidt（BKK） system, the nonlocal symmetries related to the Schwarzian variable and the corresponding transformation group are found. Moreover, the integrability of the BKK system in the sense of having a consistent Riccati expansion（CRE） is investigated. The interaction solutions between soliton and cnoidal periodic wave are explicitly studied.展开更多
Differences in arterial stiffness between the two sides of the carotid arteries were investigated using ultrasonic radiofrequency in 88 patients with type 2 diabetes and 70 controls. The compliance coefficient（CC）, ...Differences in arterial stiffness between the two sides of the carotid arteries were investigated using ultrasonic radiofrequency in 88 patients with type 2 diabetes and 70 controls. The compliance coefficient（CC）, pulse wave velocity（PWV）, intima-media thickness（CIMT） and diameter（CCAD） of the common carotid arteries（CCAs） were measured. The ratio of the left to right CCAs was calculated to provide four indexes： CC ratio, PWV ratio, CIMT ratio and CCAD ratio. In the diabetes group, the PWV on the left side was significantly higher than that on the right side, while the CC on the left side was significantly lower than that on the right side. The bilateral CIMT was thicker and CCAD was wider, the left PWV traveled faster, and the right CC was higher in the diabetes group than in the control group. The PWV ratio between the two groups was significantly different and correlated positively with duration of diabetes and systolic blood pressure（SBP）. The differences between the two sides of CCAs in patients with diabetes suggested that disease duration and SBP were important risk factors for arterial stiffness. Identifying the difference could potentially lead to the much earlier diagnosis of arteriosclerosis.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30872923 and No.81672853and Peking University People’s Hospital Scientific Research Development Found,No.RDH2020-11.
文摘BACKGROUND Expression of the full-length isoform of Abelson interactor 1(ABI1),ABI1-p65,is increased in colorectal carcinoma(CRC)and is thought to be involved in one or more steps leading to tumor progression or metastasis.The ABI1 splice isoform-L(ABI1-SiL)has conserved WAVE2-binding and SH3 domains,lacks the homeodomain homologous region,and is missing the majority of PxxP-and Pro-rich domains found in full-length ABI1-p65.Thus,ABI1-SiL domain structure suggests that the protein may regulate CRC cell morphology,adhesion,migration,and metastasis via interactions with the WAVE2 complex pathway.AIM To investigate the potential role and underlying mechanisms associated with ABI1-SiL-mediated regulation of CRC.METHODS ABI1-SiL mRNA expression in CC tissue and cell lines was measured using both qualitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)and realtime quantitative RT-PCR.A stably ABI1-SiL overexpressing SW480 cell model was constructed using Lipofectamine 2000,and cells selected with G418.Image J software,CCK8,and transwell assays were used to investigate SW480 cell surface area,proliferation,migration,and invasion.Immunoprecipitation,Western blot,and co-localization assays were performed to explore intermolecular interactions between ABI1-SiL,WAVE2,and ABI1-p65 proteins.RESULTS ABI1-SiL was expressed in normal colon tissue and was significantly decreased in CRC cell lines and tissues.Overexpression of ABI1-SiL in SW480 cells significantly increased the cell surface area and inhibited the adhesive and migration properties of the cells,but did not alter their invasive capacity.Similar to ABI1-p65,ABI1-SiL still binds WAVE2,and the ABI1-p65 isoform in SW480 cells.Furthermore,co-localization assays confirmed these intermolecular interactions.CONCLUSION These results support a model in which ABI1-SiL plays an anti-oncogenic role by competitively binding to WAVE2 and directly interacting with phosphorylated and non-phosphorylated ABI1-p65,functioning as a dominant-negative form of ABI1-p65.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51920105013)。
文摘Waves play a major role in the ocean phenomena in the Gulf of Guinea(GoG). In order to reveal the spatial-temporal distribution characteristics and the propagation mechanism of waves from the South Atlantic Ocean to the GoG, 4typical points located in mid-latitude of South Atlantic(14°30′W, 30°0′S), south of the GoG(10°30′W, 15°0′S), offshore of the GoG(0°0′, 0°0′) and near shore of the GoG(6°4′58.8″W, 4°3′36″S) are selected, and waves from Atlantic Ocean to GoG are simulated by using a two-layer-nesting wave numerical model SWAN(Simulating Waves Nearshore). The results show that the hybrid waves(waves hereafter) and the swells have strong relationship with local wind in Roaring Forties and at mid-latitude of South Atlantic Ocean, while there is no obvious correlation between waves and local winds in the GoG. Swells are generated in the South Atlantic Ocean and propagate into the GoG. 2D wave spectra at the four selected typical points are simulated. The spectral pattern and wave component structure indicate that the wave system in GoG is dominated by the S-SW swells generated from Roaring Forties and mid-latitude of South Atlantic, whether it is at maximum(2.2-2.8 m), medium(1.8-2.2 m) or minimum(1.2 m) significant wave height in the GoG during simulation period.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No.61871353。
文摘A series of experiments are designed to propose a new method to study the characteristics of convex mode-2internal solitary waves(ISWs)in optical remote sensing images using a laboratory-based optical remote sensing simulation platform.The corresponding wave parameters of large-amplitude convex mode-2 ISWs under smooth surfaces are investigated along with the optical remote sensing characteristic parameters.The mode-2 ISWs in the experimentally obtained optical remote sensing image are produced by their overall modulation effect on the water surface,and the extreme points of the gray value of the profile curve of bright-dark stripes appear at the same location as the real optical remote sensing image.The present data extend to a larger range than previous studies,and for the characteristics of large amplitude convex mode-2 ISWs,the experimental results show a second-order dependence of wavelength on amplitude.There is a close relationship between optical remote sensing characteristic parameters and wave parameters of mode-2 ISWs,in which there is a positive linear relationship between the bright-dark spacing and wavelength and a nonlinear relationship with the amplitude,especially when the amplitude is very large,there is a significant increase in bright-dark spacing.
文摘For the 22-year solar cycle oscillation there is no external time dependent source. A nonlinear oscillation, the solar cycle must be generated internally, and Babcock-Leighton models apply an artificial nonlinear source term that can simulate the observations—which leaves open the question of the actual source mechanism for the solar cycle. Addressing this question, we propose to take guidance from the wave mechanism that generates the 2-year Quasi-biennial Oscillation (QBO) in the Earth atmosphere. Upward propagating gravity waves, eastward and westward, deposit momentum to generate the observed zonal wind oscillation. On the Sun, helioseismology has provided a thorough understanding of the acoustic p-waves, which propagate down into the convective envelope guided by the increasing temperature and related propagation velocity. Near the tachocline with low turbulent viscosity, the waves propagating eastward and westward can produce an axisymmetric 22-year oscillation of the zonal flow velocities that can generate the magnetic solar dynamo. Following the Earth model, waves in opposite directions can generate in the Sun wind and magnetic field oscillations in opposite directions, the proposition of a potential solar cycle mechanism.
基金This project is supported bythe Canadian Panel on Energy Research and Development (Offshore Environmental Fac-tors Program) , ONR (US Office of Naval Research) via GoMOOS-the Gulf of Maine Ocean Observing System,Petroleum Research Atlantic Canada (PRAC) ,and the CFCAS (Canada Foundation for Climate and AtmosphericStudies) ,Canadian Panel on Energy Research and Development (Offshore Environmental Factors Program) .It is al-so supported bythe Advanced Doctoral Fund of the Ministry of Education of China (Grant No.20030294010)
文摘Typhoon-generated waves are simulated with two numerical wave models, the SWAN model for the coastal and Yangtze Estuary domain, nested within the WAVEWATCHIII （WW3） for the basin-scale East China Sea domain. Typhoon No. 8114 is chosen because it was very strong, and generated high waves in the Estuary. WW3 was implemented for the East China Sea coarse-resolution computational domain, to simulate the waves over a large spatial scale and provide boundary conditions for SWAN model simulations, implemented on a fine-resolution nested domain for the Yangtze Estuary area. The Takahashi wind model is applied to the simulation of the East China Sea scale （3-hourly） and Yangtze Estuary scale （1-hourly） winds. Simulations of significant wave heights in the East China Sea show that the highest waves are on the right side of the storm track, and maxima tend to occur at the eastern deep-water open boundary of the Yangtze Estuary. In the Yangtze Estuary, incoming swell is dominant over locally generated waves before the typhoon approaches the Estuary. As the typhoon approaches the Estuary, wind waves and swell coexist, and the wave direction is mainly influenced by the swell direction and the complex topography.
基金The National Science and Technology Major Project under contract No.2016ZX05057015the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)under contract Nos 41376038+6 种基金4040600941806123 and 41506038the NSFC-Shandong Joint Fund for Marine Science Research Centers under contract No.U1606405the National Program on Global Change and Air-Sea Interaction under contract Nos GASI-03-01-01-02GASI-02-IND-STSsum and GASI-IPOVAI-01-05the Public Science and Technology Research Funds Projects of Ocean under contract No.200905024the National Key Scientific Instrument and Equipment Development Projects under contract No.2012YQ12003908。
文摘The mode-2 internal solitary waves(ISWs)generated by mode-2 internal tide(IT)are identified by mooring observations in the northern South China Sea(SCS)from 2016 to 2017.Two mode-2 ISWs with a re-appearance period of 24.9 h observed on 29 and 30 July 2016 are characterized by type-b ISWs.They occurred when the isotherms compressed obviously in the vertical direction.Modal decomposition of IT horizontal currents shows that the vertical compression of the isotherms is mainly caused by diurnal mode-2 IT.The analysis of the role of the density stratification reveals that a deeper and thinner pycnocline is favorable for generation of mode-2 ISWs rather than pycnocline intensity.By comparing the mode-2 nonlinear,dispersion coefficients and the Ursell numbers calculated based on the stratification associated with different kinds of ITs with the observation results,it is shown that the diurnal mode-2 IT plays a crucial role in the generation of the mode-2 ISWs.When the diurnal mode-2 IT interacts with the semidiurnal IT and causes a deeper and thinner pycnocline,the mode-2 ISWs are easily excited.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11074170)the State Key Laboratory Foundation of Shanghai Jiao Tong University(No.MSVMS201105)
文摘This paper describes formulation and implementation of the fast multipole boundary element method （FMBEM） for 2D acoustic problems. The kernel function expansion theory is summarized, and four building blocks of the FMBEM are described in details. They are moment calculation, moment to moment translation, moment to local translation, and local to local translation. A data structure for the quad-tree construction is proposed which can facilitate implementation. An analytical moment expression is derived, which is more accurate, stable, and efficient than direct numerical computation. Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the FMBEM, and radiation of a 2D vibration rail mode is simulated using the FMBEM.
基金The Marine Public Welfare Project of China under contract No.201305032
文摘Significant wave height（SWH） can be computed from the returning waveform of radar altimeter, this parameter is only raw estimates if it does not calibrate. But accurate calibration is important for all applications, especially for climate studies. HY-2a altimeter has been operational since April 2012 and its products are available to the scientific community. In this work, SWH data from HY-2A altimeters are calibrated against in situ buoy data from the National Data Buoy Center（NDBC）, Distinguished from previous calibration studies which generally regarded buoy data as ＂truth＂, the work of calibration for HY-2A altimeter wave data against in situ buoys was applied a more sophisticated statistical technique-the total least squares（TLS） method which can take into account errors in both variables. We present calibration results for HY-2A radar altimeter measurement of wave height against NDBC buoys. In addition, cross-calibration for HY-2A and Jason-2 wave data are talked over and the result is given.
基金Project supported by the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.LQ13A010014)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11326164,11401528,11435005,and 11375090)
文摘For the （2＋1）-dimensional Broer–Kaup–Kupershmidt（BKK） system, the nonlocal symmetries related to the Schwarzian variable and the corresponding transformation group are found. Moreover, the integrability of the BKK system in the sense of having a consistent Riccati expansion（CRE） is investigated. The interaction solutions between soliton and cnoidal periodic wave are explicitly studied.
基金supported by grants from the Shanghai Health and Family Planning Commission Fund of China(No.201440290)Shanghai Science and Technology Committee Fund of China(No.15411969100)Shanghai Jiaotong University Interdisciplinary Projects of Medicine and Engineering,China(No.YG2015MS28)
文摘Differences in arterial stiffness between the two sides of the carotid arteries were investigated using ultrasonic radiofrequency in 88 patients with type 2 diabetes and 70 controls. The compliance coefficient（CC）, pulse wave velocity（PWV）, intima-media thickness（CIMT） and diameter（CCAD） of the common carotid arteries（CCAs） were measured. The ratio of the left to right CCAs was calculated to provide four indexes： CC ratio, PWV ratio, CIMT ratio and CCAD ratio. In the diabetes group, the PWV on the left side was significantly higher than that on the right side, while the CC on the left side was significantly lower than that on the right side. The bilateral CIMT was thicker and CCAD was wider, the left PWV traveled faster, and the right CC was higher in the diabetes group than in the control group. The PWV ratio between the two groups was significantly different and correlated positively with duration of diabetes and systolic blood pressure（SBP）. The differences between the two sides of CCAs in patients with diabetes suggested that disease duration and SBP were important risk factors for arterial stiffness. Identifying the difference could potentially lead to the much earlier diagnosis of arteriosclerosis.
