Social Networks and Citizen Participation in the Collaborative Community Policing ——A Case Study of S Community in Beijing

It is of great significance to enhance collaborative community policing for crime prevention and better community-police relationships. Understanding the relational structure of collaborative community policing is necessary to pinpoint the pattern of interactions among key actors involved in community policing and improve the effectiveness of network governance. Based on 234 surveys of citizens of S Community in Beijing from April 2017 to May 2017, this paper empirically examines the characteristics of formal network and informal network of citizen participation in the collaborative community policing. Beijing is widely known for its active involvement of neighborhood volunteers in different types of community policing. We focused on four different types of interpersonal work relationships in this study： workflow, problem solving, mentoring and friendship, among resident committees, neighborhood administrative offices, media, police station, business security personnel, neighborhood volunteers, and security activists. The nature of relationships between individuals in networks can be treated as from instrumental ties to expressive ties. Expressive ties cover relationships that involve the exchange of friendship, trust, and socio-emotional support. We extended this intra-organizational insight into a community policing inter-organizational context. The collaborative network showed the trend of the distributed network. The clustering analysis showed that in the workflow network, we should make thll use of the close interaction between the citizens and activists in the community. Meanwhile, in the problem-solving network, mentoring network and friendship network, interactions between citizens and neighborhood committee are weak.

基于WBCL模型的交互式协同虚拟教学环境——WebClassroom

在构建主义 CAI理论的基础上 ,结合 CSCL( Computer Supported Collaborative Learning)模型 ,引入了 WBCL( Web Based Collaborative Learning)的概念 ,提出了一个符合 WBCL模式的、有效的远程师生交互、协同的虚拟教学环境模型—— Web Classroom.该系统模型为身处异地的师生提供了一个基于 Web的有效教学环境 ,并在 Web

Research on the Path of Improving the Efficiency of Urban Community Governance from the Perspective of Collaborative Governance:A Case Study of Daqing City,China

Under the background of“co-construction,co-governance,and sharing,”the role of the grassroots level is becoming increasingly important.In the past,the governance body was single with blocked information,and the inefficient governance mode required gradual transformation.In order to achieve collaborative governance and break through the obstacles in grassroots governance,the key lies in how to play the role of the community,coordinate the relationship between citizens and the community,and allow the community to better play the role of grassroots governance.Under the guidance of the concept of collaborative governance and combined with relevant data,this paper discusses the problems and current situation of community governance in Daqing City,China,explores the path to improve the efficiency of urban community governance,and puts forward relevant constructive suggestions to better realize the role of community in grassroots governance.

Community detection on elite mathematicians’collaboration network

Purpose:This study focuses on understanding the collaboration relationships among mathematicians,particularly those esteemed as elites,to reveal the structures of their communities and evaluate their impact on the field of mathematics.Design/methodology/approach:Two community detection algorithms,namely Greedy Modularity Maximization and Infomap,are utilized to examine collaboration patterns among mathematicians.We conduct a comparative analysis of mathematicians’centrality,emphasizing the influence of award-winning individuals in connecting network roles such as Betweenness,Closeness,and Harmonic centrality.Additionally,we investigate the distribution of elite mathematicians across communities and their relationships within different mathematical sub-fields.Findings:The study identifies the substantial influence exerted by award-winning mathematicians in connecting network roles.The elite distribution across the network is uneven,with a concentration within specific communities rather than being evenly dispersed.Secondly,the research identifies a positive correlation between distinct mathematical sub-fields and the communities,indicating collaborative tendencies among scientists engaged in related domains.Lastly,the study suggests that reduced research diversity within a community might lead to a higher concentration of elite scientists within that specific community.Research limitations:The study’s limitations include its narrow focus on mathematicians,which may limit the applicability of the findings to broader scientific fields.Issues with manually collected data affect the reliability of conclusions about collaborative networks.Practical implications:This study offers valuable insights into how elite mathematicians collaborate and how knowledge is disseminated within mathematical circles.Understanding these collaborative behaviors could aid in fostering better collaboration strategies among mathematicians and institutions,potentially enhancing scientific progress in mathematics.Originality/value:The study adds value to understanding collaborative dynamics within the realm of mathematics,offering a unique angle for further exploration and research.

Research on the Four Collaborative Innovation Mechanisms of Industry-education Integration Based on the Concept of Community

The concept of community is of great significance in guiding the innovation of the mechanism of industry-education integration,which can promote the integration of industry-education integration from"integration"to real"integration".We summarize the current situation of the development of industry-teaching integration mode through research,point out the"four deviations"in the development of industry-teaching integration,analyze the causes of deviations,and put forward the research strategy of"four synergistic"innovation mechanism for industry-teaching integration based on the concept of community,i.e.,synergistic development of community planning It proposes the research strategy of"four synergies"innovation mechanism based on the concept of community,namely the synergy of community planning and development,the synergy of community governance concept,the synergy of community multi-party educating mechanism,and the synergy of community fusion effect system,so as to establish collaborative ties,build a new form of cooperation concepts,safeguard the docking of talent supply and demand,and enhance the effect of integration of industry and education.

Corroborative Activities and Recognition Between Community Comprehensive Care Unit’s Nurses and Care Managers in Supporting Discharge of Elderly from Hospital - A Secondary Publication

Objective: The purpose of this study was to clarify the collaborative activities and mutual recognition between community comprehensive care unit nurses (Ns) and care managers (CM) in supporting the discharge of the elderly from the hospital. Methods: A total of 300 nurses working in community comprehensive care wards and 360 care managers working in B City in A Prefecture were surveyed using an anonymous self-administered questionnaire. Results: The highest percentage of responses regarding necessary collaborative activities with multiple professions in supporting hospital discharge were the same for Ns and CMs. The items regarding practice with the highest percentages were “relationship as a team” for Ns, and “user-centered awareness” for CM. While these professionals were willing to share information about their patients’ lives after discharge, the percentage of those explaining their expertise was low. It is thought that collaborative activities focusing on these aspects would lead to more appropriate discharge support.

Contemporary Currents in Japanese Machizukuri (Citizens Collaborative Community Improvements and Management) and Their Socio-Cultural Meanings

This paper studies the contemporary attempts of Japanese Machizukuri,Citizens Collaborative Community Improvement and Management,and their socio-cultural meanings in order to shed light on the sustainable planning approaches dealing with population ageing and decreasing.In recent years,as response measures for non-physical local issues such as environmental problems and welfare,and with the aim of further enhancing community-centred planning capabilities against a background of decentralisation in various fields and the establishment of civic society,new cooperative/collaborative-style planning theory is being deployed.Through this process,community improvement and management is becoming deeper,in terms of technology,systems,and technique.The study attempts to find out a solution to real-world problems-how to construct a comprehensive planning theory based on spatial and social challenges arising in modern civic communities,with local resources,social capital and systems that have resulted from such issues.It also seeks to show how to achieve a vision for the city as a whole by mutually compiling individual community improvement and management scenarios and programs,based on the autonomous determination and future vision of the organisations and residents that play leading roles in the community.

Collaborative information seeking: An investigation of community members' behavior

Purpose： This article reports on an experiment that tested community members＇ collaborative information seeking （CIS） behavior, with an emphasis on how community type and task difficulty can affect user behavior and user awareness in collaboration.Design/methodology/approach： We carried out a laboratory study with 18 participants in 9 pairs using an experimental CIS system. Data were collected from questionnaires, Web logs and semi-structured interviews. Descriptive statistics and two-way analysis of variance （ANOVA） were used for data analysis. Findings： Compared with non-community members, community participants had a better understanding of search tasks and were aware of the ways of completing tasks successfully. They did not depend on the information retrieval system when constructing search queries and would adopt diversified cooperation strategies. They were more likely to recommend information to their partners. However, no significant difference was found between subject- based community and interest-based community in CIS practices and user awareness in collaboration. In addition, task difficulty only influenced user preference of issuing queries and confidence of completing search tasks. Research limitations： Our work was limited by the community type we chose and the small group size, which could affect the generalizability of our findings and should be addressed in future studies. Practical implications： The study results will help inform information system designers as they design collaborative systems to facilitate social communication in the information seeking process. Originality/value： Few studies have investigated community participants＇ information seeking practices. This study provides insights into community-based CIS behavior. The findings will help us understand social interactions among community members during their information seeking process.

Alleviating the Cold Start Problem in Recommender Systems Based on Modularity Maximization Community Detection Algorithm

Recommender system (RS) has become a very important factor in many eCommerce sites. In our daily life, we rely on the recommendation from other persons either by word of mouth, recommendation letters, movie, item and book reviews printed in newspapers, etc. The typical Recommender Systems are software tools and techniques that provide support to people by identifying interesting products and services in online store. It also provides a recommendation for certain users who search for the recommendations. The most important open challenge in Collaborative filtering recommender system is the cold start problem. If the adequate or sufficient information is not available for a new item or users, the recommender system runs into the cold start problem. To increase the usefulness of collaborative recommender systems, it could be desirable to eliminate the challenge such as cold start problem. Revealing the community structures is crucial to understand and more important with the increasing popularity of online social networks. The community detection is a key issue in social network analysis in which nodes of the communities are tightly connected each other and loosely connected between other communities. Many algorithms like Givan-Newman algorithm, modularity maximization, leading eigenvector, walk trap, etc., are used to detect the communities in the networks. To test the community division is meaningful we define a quality function called modularity. Modularity is that the links within a community are higher than the expected links in those communities. In this paper, we try to give a solution to the cold-start problem based on community detection algorithm that extracts the community from the social networks and identifies the similar users on that network. Hence, within the proposed work several intrinsic details are taken as a rule of thumb to boost the results higher. Moreover, the simulation experiment was taken to solve the cold start problem.

Factors That Influence Healthcare Professionals’ Online Interaction in a Virtual Community of Practice

Online technologies have facilitated the development of Virtual Communities of Practice (virtual CoPs) to support health professionals collaborate online to share knowledge, improve performance and support the spread of innovation and best practices. Research, however,shows that many virtual CoPs do not achieve their expected potential because online interaction among healthcare professionals is generally low. Focusing on health visitors, who are UK qualified midwives or nurses who have undertaken additional qualifications as specialist public health workers in the community, the paper examines the factors that influence online interaction among health visitors collaborating to share knowledge and experience in a virtual CoP. The paper makes suggestions for how to improve online interaction among health professionals in virtual CoPs by increasing the size of membership in order to take advantage of both posting and viewing contributions, facilitating moderation to improve networking among geographically dispersed members groups and im-proving the topic relevance in order to stimulate contributions.

Service Learning at National Taipei College of Business, 2012-2013＂ New Perspectives on Community, Peer-Based Education

Service learning （also known as peer learning） has received increased attention in tertiary education. By linking learning with authentic volunteer work experience, service learning bridges the gap between theoretical study and practical reality. This practice can increase students＇ professional knowledge, educational development, self-esteem, and awareness of social responsibility. Service learning became a mandatory requirement for all students at National Taipei College of Business （NTCB; now National Taipei University of Business） in 2011, and this is the focus of this study, extending into the 2012 school year. This course-based program allows undergraduate language majors to put their language skills into practice by teaching peers, and also through other volunteer work. This program has greatly benefitted undergraduate students at the school. This study will examine course data, student reports, and interviews with student teachers. The researchers have documented the implementation of the peer-mentor program at NTCB, and the learning gains experienced among students and the professors who assisted in these processes.

Governance Mechanism of Community Regeneration Based on Property Rights Regime: A Case Study of Shanghai KIC Garden

With the focus of urban regeneration gradually shifting to the community level, community regeneration has become an important path for improving residents' quality of life and the governance of grassroots society. How to innovate the governance model and how to improve the community public space utilization efficiency become vital questions. From the perspective of property rights regime, this paper puts forward the theoretical framework of “property rights regime-governance model-space utilization,” and argues that the property rights regime can be adjusted through the subdivision of property rights, which can change the governance model of public space and affect the space utilization efficiency. Through an in-depth investigation of the community regeneration of Shanghai KIC Garden, this study finds that different property rights regimes affect the process and results of collective action in public space governance, and the monocentric governance model formed by the concentration of governmental power can easily lead to the governance dilemmas such as rent-seeking, ineffective supervision, and information asymmetry. By subdividing and decentralizing property rights, social organizations, and community residents can be introduced to participate in the process of spatial governance, so as to facilitate the sinking of governance centers to the grassroots level and form a polycentric governance model. Moreover, multiple stakeholders can be motivated to make full use of public space through the property rights regime adjustment, and the public space utilization efficiency can be enhanced as a result.

基于Web的多媒体协同教学系统的设计与实现

结合现代教育理论，以ＣＳＣＬ（Ｃｏｍｐｕｔｅｒ Ｓｕｐｐｏｒｔｅｄ Ｃｏｌｌａｂｏｒａｔｉｖｅ Ｌｅａｒｎｉｎｇ）模型为基础，引入了ＷＢＣＬ（Ｗｅｂ Ｂａｓｅｄ Ｃｏｌｌａｂｏｒａｔｉｖｅ Ｌｅａｒｎｉｎｇ）的概念，并依据ＣＳＣＷ设计理论和技术标准，提出了一个符合ＷＢＣＬ模式的、有效的远程师生交互、协同的虚拟教学环境模型―＂虚拟教室＂。该系统模型为身处异地的师生提供了一个基于Ｗｅｂ的交互式协同教学环境，并在＂虚拟教室＂模型的基础上实现了一个基于Ｗｅｂ的多点语音支持的多媒体师生交流系统。

A Visiting Scholar Report of the Writing Center at the University of Kansas

This article introduces the Writing Center of the University of Kansas on levels of administration, training, hiring and practicing.

SNS技术在网络协作学习系统中的应用

本文重点研究如何在网络协作学习中引入SNS的技术手段,让协作学习彻底发挥出其优势。文章分析了网络协作学习的发展现状,分析了SNS与网络协作学习的结合点,展示如何运用SNS的相关技术来改进网络协作学习,并用具体实例对应用的方式进行了详细说明。

A Sensor-Service Collaboration Approach for Target Tracking in Wireless Camera Networks

Mobile target tracking is a necessary function of some emerging application domains, such as virtual reality, smart home and intelligent healthcare. However, existing portable devices for target tracking are resource intensive and high-cost. Camera tracking is an effective location tracking way for those emerging applications which can reuse the existing ubiquitous video monitoring system. This paper proposes a dynamic community-based camera collaboration(D3C) framework for target location and tracking. The contributions of D3C mainly include that(1) nonlinear perspective projection model is selected as the camera sensing model and sequential Monte Carlo is employed to predict the target location;(2) a dynamic collaboration scheme is proposed, it is based on the local community-detection theory deriving from social network analysis. The performance of proposed approach is validated by both synthetic datasets and real-world application. The experiment results show that D3C meets the versatility, real-time and fault tolerance requirements of target tracking applications.

Contextualized Analysis of Social Networks:Collaboration in Scientific Communities

Currently, the collaboration in scientific communities has been studied in order to explain, among other things, the knowledge diffusion. The quality of Graduate Programmes is often associated with the scientific collaboration. This paper discusses how scientific collaboration processes can be identified and characterized through social and complex networks. For this purpose, collaboration networks of bibliographic production, research projects, and committees of PhD theses and Masters’ dissertations by researchers from a graduate program in computational modeling were studied. The data were obtained from CAPES’ reports of the period from 2001 to 2009. Among the studied indices, centrality indices indicate the presence of prominent researchers who influence others and promptly interact with other researchers in the network. The indices of complex networks reveal the presence of the small-world (i.e. these networks are favorable to increase coordination between researchers) phenomenon and indicate a behavior of scale-free degree distribution (i.e. some researchers promote clustering more than others) for one of the studied networks.

Visually Modelling Collaborative Research into Innovative Community Disaster Resilience Practice,Strategy,and Governance

In 2013 a new collaborative center was established in Wellington, New Zealand to focus on integrating resilience research with the region’s community disaster resilience strategy. An earlier study with parties to this center had indicated that researcher and practitioner groups were divided by attention to their own immediate knowledge and skills, but agreed there was a need to maximize community resilience benefits amongst a regional population. An action research workshop of researchers and practitioners used a visual logic model to focus on the pragmatic benefits of improving community resilience. The visual logic model was used to design research activities that would improve the regional community resilience strategy, which was still in an early implementation phase.Ten of 14 workshop participants were interviewed following the workshop. Statistical content analysis of interview data highlighted certain strengths of the action research process: visual monitoring and evaluation planning was a catalyst for complicated conversations between two very different groups of professionals; and researchers became more focused on practical issues as a result. Other findings suggested that in future collaborative researchgovernance would benefit from wider cycles of strategic intelligence, enhanced research contributions, and the use of different information formats for different purposes.Different formats for different purposes should also be considered when developing and implementing large-scale disaster risk reduction policies and strategies.

From Knowledge to Wisdom： The Case of a Micro-financing Network

As one of the most important and strategic actors of sustainable development, the micro-financing （MF） organizations are continuously adopting new strategic methods of collaboration for the success of their micro-financing missions. The paper presents the case of a newly established network of MF organizations created for the strategic objective of not only collaboration but for optimizing inter-organizational knowledge sharing systems for the micro-financing services. The purpose of the paper is to show the method used for the creation of this network, the mechanisms for its management, and the dynamisms and success factor,~ leading to its continuous development. The findings are derived from an interview with one of its most strategic founders, and material is provided by the network, and a questionnaire is administered to the members of the network. The results imply theoretical implications to innovation management and organizational development and change since the source of the creation of this network is innovative, and for the competencies of the founders and their awareness of the importance of change lead to the creation of this network. And the results also lead to managerial implications in the micro-financing sector through the provision of a unique excellent command example to follow.

Effects of a Stress Management Program Based on Psychological Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Disease after Retirement in an Underpopulated Area: A Pilot Study

Background: To develop an effective health education program to prevent cardiovascular disease in middle-aged residents after retirement in underpopulated areas, we explored the effects of a stress management program based on the type A behavior pattern. Methods: This study was carried out in a rural city in Japan recognized as underpopulated and participants were civil servants aged 45 - 64 who joined a stress management program offered as part of staff training. Learning materials for the program were developed based on the type A behavior pattern. Measures for the impact evaluation were Bloom’s learning domains and stage of change for stress management practice. Measures for the outcome evaluation were KG’s Daily Life Questionnaire (KG Questionnaire), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Framingham 10-year cardiovascular risk score (CVD risk score). We statistically analyzed changes in each item between time points. Results: Eighteen participants completed questionnaire surveys at pre-, post-, and 4 weeks post-program and eleven had complete blood pressure and weight measurements at pre- and post-program. In the impact evaluation, the Friedman test found significant differences between the three time points in all of Bloom’s learning domain scores and stage of change for stress management. In the post hoc analysis, a significant increase was seen between pre- and post-program and between pre- and 4 weeks post-program in cognitive domain score, psychomotor domain score and stage of change for stress management. In the outcome evaluation, a significant decrease in systolic blood pressure was seen between pre- and post-program. Conclusion: The present study suggested that a stress management program using learning materials based on type A behavior could promote stress management practices and reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. This stress management program is expected to be useful as a health promotion activity for middle-aged residents after retirement in underpopulated areas.