Wear resistance of Zr/WC composite coatings on Cr12MoV steel surface by electric spark deposition

Zr/WC composite coating was prepared on the surface of Cr12MoV steel by electric spark deposition technology to change its surface properties. The surface and worn surface morphology of the coating were observed using scanning electron microscope. Dry friction and wear tests of the coatings were carried out at room temperature. The results show that the coating is continuous and uniform, and the thickness was about 50-60 μm. The microhardness of the coating surface was highest at 1140 HV_(200g), which was significantly higher than that of the substrate. The ear tests results show that the wear weight loss, wear volume and wear rate follow the following rules: Cr12MoV>WC coating> Zr/WC composite coating.

Influence of Heat Treatment on Microstructure and Sliding Wear Behavior of Fe-Al/WC Composite Coatings

An experimental study has been carried out to investigate the influence of heat treatment at 300 ℃,450 ℃,550 ℃,650 ℃ and 800 ℃ on the microstructure and sliding wear behavior of Fe Al/WC intermetallic composite coatings produced by high velocity arc spraying (HVAS) and cored wires. The result shows, the main phases in both as sprayed and heat treated Fe Al/WC composite coatings are iron aluminide intermetallics (Fe 3Al+FeAl) and α as well as a little oxide (Al 2O 3) and carbides (WC, W 2C, Fe 2W 2C and Fe 6W 6C). After heat treated at 450-650 ℃, dispersion strengthening of Fe 2W 2C and Fe 6W 6C will lead to a rise in microhardness of the coatings. The microhardness is likely to be the most important factor which influences the sliding wear behavior of the coatings. Increasing the microhardness through heat treatment will improve the sliding wear resistance of the Fe Al/WC composite coatings.

Influence of Interfacial Diffusion on Mechanical Property of Vacuum Fusion Sinter (VFS) WC-Co Composite Coating

The WC-Co composite coatings bonded tightly to steel substrate have been made by vacuum fusion sinter （VFS）. The concentration distribution of some components were measured by the electron probe, and the microstructure and morphology of VFS coatings were observed and analyzed by SEM, X-ray diffractometer and microhardness tester. Diffusion coefficient of every element was calculated by using the experimental results. The influence of the interracial diffusion on the microstructure, Vickers hardness and interracial bond strength of the VFS coatings was studied in detail. The experimental results show that there is a metallurgical bond area between the VFS WC-Co coatings and the steel substrate. The VFS coatings are characterized by the gradient hardness of the interface and the high bond strength to the steel substate, both of which are beneficial to the improvement of the wear resistance and corrosion resistance.

Oxidation behavior of Fe40Al-xWC composite coatings obtained by high-velocity oxygen fuel thermal spray

The Fe40Al-xWC(x=0,10,12,15)coatings with dense structure were successfully deposited by high-velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF)spraying of a mixture of Fe,Al and WC powders.The objective of the present work is to provide insight into the oxidation behavior of the as-deposited coatings at 650℃under 0.1 MPa flowing pure O2.The present results show differences in the oxidation behavior of Fe40Al coating and Fe40Al-xWC composite coatings.The irregular Fe2O3 layer is seen on the top surface of the composite coatings.Fe40Al coating and Fe40Al-15WC composite coating both suffer a catastrophic corrosion due to the formation of a porous structure during 24 h of oxidation.However,Fe40Al-10WC and Fe40Al-12WC composite coatings show a good oxidation resistance behavior due to their dense structure.

CeO_(2)对WC/Ni复合熔覆层微观组织与性能的影响

本工作采用真空熔覆技术制备了不同CeO_(2)含量的WC/Ni复合熔覆层,通过SEM、XRD、EDS及显微硬度计对复合熔覆层的微观组织、成分及硬度分布等进行系统分析。结果显示:与基体呈冶金结合的复合熔覆层组织致密,复合熔覆层由厚度2~3 mm且具有网状结构特征的复合层区与约300μm的过渡层区组成,根据熔合程度过渡区又分为冶金熔合区、扩散熔合区及扩散区;随着CeO_(2)含量的增加,复合熔覆层的晶粒逐渐细化、熔合质量提高,特别是过渡熔合区出现鱼骨状的析出相;复合区的网孔部位主要组成相为γ-(Ni,Fe)固溶体、FeNi_(3)、Cr_(7)C_(3)、Cr_(23)C_(6)、Ni_(3)Si和NiB,网线区主要组成相为WC、WC_(2)、γ-(Ni,Fe)固溶体、共晶组织等;复合熔覆层的显微硬度由表面至基体逐渐降低,且随着CeO_(2)含量的增加硬度逐渐升高,CeO_(2)含量为1.5%时,达到最大值,其平均显微硬度比基体提高5~6倍。

激光熔覆WC/316L复合涂层结构及磨损性能

为改善激光熔覆过程中WC增强金属基复合涂层分解与分布不均匀的问题,采用激光熔覆技术制备了50%WC含量的WC/316L复合涂层,分别采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、显微维氏硬度计、摩擦磨损试验机表征了熔敷层的组织形貌、硬度与摩擦磨损性能。结果显示,低热输入量可以防止WC颗粒下沉,提升熔覆层厚度方向上的WC颗粒分布均匀性;但WC的平面分布均匀性较差,同时低热输入导致WC颗粒结合较弱,易发生脱落;熔覆过程中,粉末中15%的WC发生分解。研究表明,通过降低激光热输入量,可以制备WC厚度方向较为均匀的复合涂层,提升熔覆层耐磨性,但是需要优化WC平面分布均匀性与WC颗粒结合性能。

激光能量密度对65Mn钢表面Ni60A/WC复合涂层摩擦磨损性能的影响规律

目的改善旋耕刀65Mn钢的摩擦磨损性能,提高农机触土零部件的使用寿命。方法采用激光熔覆技术在65Mn钢基体表面制备Ni60A/WC复合涂层。通过改变激光功率调节激光能量密度,在不同能量密度下制备Ni60A/WC复合涂层,观察并测试不同参数下复合涂层试样的宏观形貌、微观结构、物相组成、元素分布、显微硬度及摩擦磨损特性,研究激光能量密度对Ni60A/WC复合涂层组织演变及摩擦磨损性能的影响规律和机理。结果Ni60A/WC复合熔覆层顶部主要有胞状晶和树枝晶,分布较紧密,熔覆层中部主要有树枝状晶,熔覆层底部主要为胞状晶和垂直交界面生长的枝晶,且分布均匀致密。随着激光能量密度的升高,熔覆层的熔高和熔深增加显著,WC硬质相颗粒发生分解,硬质相的数量明显减少,涂层的平均显微硬度降低。在激光能量密度为120 J/mm^(2)时,熔覆层的平均显微硬度为587.1HV1.0,相较于基体,提升了约1.8倍。此时熔覆层的平均摩擦因数最小,为0.312,相较于基体,得到显著提升,摩擦磨损机制为轻微的磨粒磨损。经田间试验测试发现,在激光能量密度为120 J/mm^(2)时制备的带有熔覆层的旋耕刀相较于无熔覆层的旋耕刀,其磨损质量降低了63%。结论通过控制激光能量密度,可以有效调控Ni60A/WC熔覆层的硬度和耐磨性,可为农机触土易磨损件的减摩耐磨表面强化改性提供理论指导。

表面机械研磨法制备Ni+WC复合涂层的耐磨性研究

为强化TA1钛合金的组织结构并提高其耐磨损性能,采用行星式机械球磨装置,在Ni与WC 2种粉末配比分别为1∶1、2∶1、3∶1、4∶1及5∶1的5种混合型增强介质下对TA1合金进行表面机械复合强化处理,在0.05 MPa氮气气氛下,设定转速为350 r/min,时间为8 h,对TA1钛合金进行表面机械变形+固相涂层复合强化处理,这种一步法表面复合强化技术具有工艺简单、能耗少、涂层选材灵活等优势。结果显示:TA1钛合金表面形成由Ni+WC涂层+形变细晶区组成的复合强化层,涂层区厚度在40μm以上,其中Ni∶WC为3∶1时所得复合涂层内部缺陷最少,且连续均匀。在5 N、10 N载荷下Ni∶WC为3∶1摩擦系数相较于其他比例低,摩擦区间更加稳定且持续时间更长。2种载荷下磨损量均较TA1原样少,其中Ni∶WC为3∶1的强化样磨痕深度、磨损量均优异于其他4种配比,因此减摩效果最为优异。此种Ni、WC混合增强介质下表层机械复合强化工艺可大幅提升TA1钛合金表层耐磨损性。混合增强颗粒涂层具有较强的减摩效果,其磨损机制主要是磨粒磨损与氧化磨损。

冷喷涂Ti/WC复合涂层的组织与耐磨性研究

为解决钛及其合金磨损性能较差的问题,采用高压冷喷涂技术在Ti6Al4V合金基体上沉积了2种不同成分的Ti/WC复合涂层,通过室温下的干滑动摩擦磨损试验分别测试了基体与复合涂层的摩擦性能,并采用扫描电镜及拉曼光谱对磨损表面进行了观察与表征。结果表明,与Ti6Al4V基体的磨损率(4.06×10-7 mm3/(N·m))相比,复合涂层的磨损率降低了一个数量级,表现出优异的耐磨性。此外,涂层内WC含量的增加,提高了涂层的显微硬度,涂层的耐磨性也随之提升。在磨损轨迹表面,由TiO2、WO3以及WC碎片构成的摩擦膜能够有效避免磨球与涂层表面的直接接触,从而降低磨损程度。因此,冷喷涂Ti/WC复合涂层在钛合金磨损防护方面具有一定的应用前景。

激光熔覆Ni/WC梯度复合涂层的组织与性能研究

目的减少涂层内部缺陷,提高Cr12MoV模具钢表面的显微硬度及耐磨性。方法采用激光熔覆技术在Cr12MoV钢上逐层制备Ni60-Ni60/25%WC(Ni/WC)梯度复合涂层。借助X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)、显微硬度计、摩擦试验机和冲击试验机,研究梯度复合涂层的物相组成、微观组织、显微硬度、耐磨性与冲击韧性。结果在Cr12MoV的基体上制备Ni/WC梯度复合涂层,Ni60层与Ni60/25%WC冶金结合理想。Ni/WC梯度复合涂层的表面主要物相为γ-(Fe,Ni)、FeNi_(3)、CrB、Cr_(7)C_(3)、Cr_(23)C_(6),从Ni60层底部到顶部依次为胞状晶、柱状晶、细小的等轴枝晶。Ni/WC梯度复合涂层硬度呈梯度分布,涂层的平均硬度达到698.5HV,相较于基体提高了约55.2%。与基体相比,Ni/WC梯度复合涂层表现出更好的耐磨性能,摩擦系数和磨损率分别下降了40.92%和28.6%,其中基体表现为黏着磨损,然而涂层整体表现为磨粒磨损。但较基体而言,Ni/WC梯度复合涂层的冲击韧性值降低了32.48%,复合涂层区域表现为脆性断裂。结论Ni/WC梯度复合涂层冶金结合良好,同时与基体相比,Ni/WC梯度复合涂层可以有效提高硬度及耐磨性,但冲击韧性有所降低。

钛合金脉冲电沉积Cu-WC复合镀层的硬度与摩擦磨损性能

为有效提高钛合金的抗摩擦磨损性能,在钛合金表面脉冲电沉积Cu-WC复合镀层。分别研究了平均电流密度、脉冲占空比对复合镀层的微观形貌、WC颗粒含量、硬度以及摩擦磨损性能的影响。结果表明:当平均电流密度为1.5 A/dm^(2)、脉冲占空比为20%时,电沉积的Cu-WC复合镀层致密性最好,WC颗粒含量接近2.4%,其硬度(240.4 HV)约为纯Cu镀层的2倍,还表现出良好的抗摩擦磨损性能,平均摩擦系数较钛合金降低约38%。适当增大平均电流密度(0.5~1.5 A/dm^(2))或提高脉冲占空比(10~20%)能使较多WC颗粒参与电沉积过程,起到明显细化晶粒作用和弥散强化作用,促进形成结构致密的Cu-WC复合镀层,因而具有较高硬度和良好的抗摩擦磨损性能。

激光熔覆WC/17-4PH复合涂层组织及性能研究

采用LaserlineLDF-3000-60型激光器在45钢表面,利用激光熔覆技术,制备不同质量分数的17-4PH+碳化钨(WC)复合涂层。借助光学显微镜、显微硬度计、摩擦磨损测试方法对熔覆层的显微组织、硬度及耐磨性检测及分析。结果表明,熔覆层的平均硬度和磨损量均随WC质量分数的增加呈现梯度增加的趋势。当WC质量分数为25%时,涂层与基材冶金结合良好,组织均匀、致密,无热裂纹及气孔等缺陷,熔覆层平均硬度为497.6 HV,相较于基体提高了153.0%;当WC质量分数为30%时,陶瓷相进一步增多,使得熔覆层出现从涂层表层至基体的贯穿裂纹,涂层硬度相较于基体提高了160.7%,磨损量为基体的26.2%。

Microstructural evolution and abrasive resistance of WC7Co ceramic particle-reinforced Ti6Al4V composite coating prepared by pulse laser cladding

WC7Co/Ti6Al4V composite coatings are deposited on the pure Ti substrate by pulse laser cladding(LC).During the laser melting process,the decomposition of WC7Co particles will lead to the evolution of microstructure and phases,which is directly related to the wear resistance and mechanism of composite coating.The microstructural evolution,phase compositions and interface reaction of WC7Co/Ti6Al4V composite coating were examined by scanning electron microscopy,energydispersive spectrum and X-ray diffraction(XRD).The hardness of different structures and abrasive resistance of composite coating were measured.The results show that the typical microstructure of LC WC7Co/Ti6Al4V composite coating can be classified into dissolved WC7Co composite structure and un-dissolved WC7Co structure.According to XRD results,there are Ti solid solution,W,TiC,VC,Co3W3C and secondary W2C in composite coating.The eutectic structure formed by the dissolved WC7Co particles consisted of W,W2C,TiC and P-Ti solid solution.The mean hardness of different structures exhibits a significant gradient distribution in composite coating.A reaction layer composed of TiC,W and W2C is also generated onto the interface between un-dissolved WC7Co particles and Ti6Al4V alloy matrix.The abrasive mechanisms of WC7Co/Ti6Al4V composite coating are mainly adhesive wear and oxidation wear during the dry sliding process.

Abrasion Resistance Enhancement of Ultrafine-structured WC-Co Coating Fabricated by using in situ Synthesized Composite Powder

The ultrafine WC-Co composite powder was synthesized by a newly developed rapid route based on in situ reactions. By using the as-synthesized composite powder, the granulation processing was then carried out to prepare the ultrafine-structured thermal spraying feedstock. The influences of the heat-treatment process on density of the feedstock powder, phase constitution and wear resistance of the resultant WC-Co coatings fabricated by high velocity oxy-fuel （HVOF） were investigated. The results showed that increasing the heating temperature and extending the holding time leaded to remarkable increase in the density and flowability of the feedstock powder. As a result, the decarburization of the in-flight particles could be decreased and the wear resistance of coating was significantly enhanced. The present study demonstrated that the developed techniques for the ultrafine powder and its thermal-sprayed coatings had very promising applications in scaling up to produce ultrafine-structured cermet coatings with excellent performance.

高频感应熔覆WC增强Ni60合金涂层性能研究

采用高频感应熔覆方法在Q235低碳钢基体上制备了不同含量的WC增强Ni60A合金复合涂层。利用SEM和XRD分析了涂层的显微组织和相结构，并进行了耐磨性试验。结果表明，复合涂层中主要由WC、W2C、Cr7C3、Cr23C6、Cr2B、Ni2B、Ni3Si及Ni3Fe等相组成，并与基体实现了冶金结合。在相同试验条件下，涂层的硬度和耐磨性随WC含量的增加而提高，加入WC涂层的相对耐磨性为Ni60A涂层的2～6倍，当WC加入量为50％时涂层的耐磨性最好，为Ni60A涂层的6．5倍。涂层的磨损机制主要为轻微的塑性切削和硬质相的脆性剥落。

激光熔覆WC-Ni/TiC涂层的组织和摩擦磨损性能研究

采用7kW横流CO2激光器，在H13钢表面激光熔覆制备了WC-Ni/TiC涂层。测量了熔覆层的显微硬度，用扫描电镜（SEM）观测熔覆层的显微结构以及磨损形貌并进行分析，对涂层的摩擦磨损性能进行研究。结果表明：纳米TiC通过弥散强化和细晶强化，提高了涂层的硬度和韧性，TiC含量为30%（质量分数）时涂层的平均硬度为HV1500。涂层耐磨性能是基体的8-15倍。

Efect of Nanometer WC Coating on Thermal Conductivity of Diamond/6061 Composites

Diamond has poor interface tolerance with Al.To enhance interface bonding,in this study,tungsten carbide(WC)nanocoatings on the surface of diamond particles were prepared using sol–gel and in-situ reaction methods.WO_(3) sol–gel with two concentrations,0.2 mol/L,and 0.5 mol/L,was,respectively,coated on diamond particles,then sintered at 1250℃for 2 h to produce WC nanocoatings.The concentration of 0.2 mol/L WO_(3) sol–gel was not enough to cover the surface of the diamond completely,while 0.5 mol/L WO_(3) sol–gel could fully cover it.Moreover,WO_(3) was preferentially deposited on{100}planes of the diamond.WO_(3) converted to WC in-situ nanocoatings after sintering due to the in-situ reaction of WO_(3) and diamond.The diamond-reinforced Al composites with and without WC coating were fabricated by powder metallurgy.The diamond/Al composite without coating has a thermal conductivity of 584.7 W/mK,while the composite with a coating formed by 0.2 mol/L and 0.5 mol/L WO_(3) sol–gel showed thermal conductivities of 626.1 W/mK and 584.2 W/mK,respectively.The moderate thickness of nanocoatings formed by 0.2 mol/L WO_(3) sol–gel could enhance interface bonding,therefore improving thermal conductivity.The nanocoating produced by 0.5 mol/L WO_(3) sol–gel cracked during the fabrication of the composite,leading to Al12W formation and a decrease in thermal conductivity.

适宜碳化钨含量提高Ti(C,N)-WC涂层耐磨耐蚀性

为了提高农机关键部件表面强度,采用反应等离子熔覆技术,在Q235B钢表面制备了不同碳化钨WC含量的Ti(C,N)-WC金属陶瓷复合涂层。利用扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、显微硬度计、摩擦磨损试验机、电化学工作站对复合涂层的形貌、物相及其耐磨耐蚀性进行了分析,并与Q235B钢进行了硬度、耐磨耐蚀性对比试验。结果表明:涂层组织主要由硬质相、包覆相、粘结相组成,涂层与基体呈冶金结合;在一定范围内,随着WC含量的增加,涂层的显微硬度及耐磨耐蚀性能都有所增强,当WC质量分数为12%时涂层的耐磨耐蚀性能最优,12%WC涂层与Q235B钢基体相比,涂层硬度提高了6倍,摩擦系数为基体的2/5,磨损量为基体的1/16;在5%H2SO4溶液中,12%WC涂层的腐蚀速率为Q235B钢的1/9,在3.5%NaCl溶液中,12%WC涂层的腐蚀速率为Q235B钢的1/4,涂层较基体有更好的耐磨性、耐蚀性,该研究以期为农机材料强化提供参考。

A_3钢表面激光熔覆Fe-WC金属陶瓷复合层的研究

采用ＣＯ２激光器在Ａ３钢表面激光熔覆ＦｅＷＣ金属陶瓷复合层。对不同ＦｅＷＣ复合粉末成分和扫描速度下熔覆层的显微组织和硬度进行了分析和测试。结果表明。

宽带激光熔覆Ni60B+WC复合涂层的组织及性能

采用自重送粉法在 45钢表面宽带激光熔覆Ni6 0B +30vo1%WC复合涂层 ,并进行现代显微分析。研究的结果表明 ,涂层熔覆区凝固组织主要组成相为WC ,W2 C ,γ Ni,M2 3C6 及M7C3,但随层深发生明显变化 ,扫描速度对涂层熔覆区表面组织形貌有很大影响 ;在干滑动磨损条件下 。