In this work,flexible photothermal PVA/Ti_(2)O_(3) composite films with different amount(0 wt%,5 wt%,10 wt%,15 wt%)of Ti_(2)O_(3) particles modified by steric acid were prepared by a simple solution casting method.The...In this work,flexible photothermal PVA/Ti_(2)O_(3) composite films with different amount(0 wt%,5 wt%,10 wt%,15 wt%)of Ti_(2)O_(3) particles modified by steric acid were prepared by a simple solution casting method.The microstructures,XRD patterns,FTIR spectra,UV-Vis-NIR spectra thermo-conductivity,thermo-stability and photothermal effects of these composite films were all characterized.These results indicated that Ti_(2)O_(3) particles were well dispersed throughout the polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)matrix in the PVA/Ti_(2)O_(3) composite films.And Ti_(2)O_(3) particles could also effectively improve the photothermal properties of the composite films which exhibited high light absorption and generated a high temperature(about 57.4℃for film with 15 wt%Ti_(2)O_(3) amount)on the surface when it was irradiated by a simulated sunlight source(1 kW/m^(2)).展开更多
To improve the performance of polyurethane films,small amounts of cellulose nanofibrils(CNF)were physically blended with a waterborne polyurethane(WPU)emulsion,and then CNF/WPU composite films were prepared by cast-co...To improve the performance of polyurethane films,small amounts of cellulose nanofibrils(CNF)were physically blended with a waterborne polyurethane(WPU)emulsion,and then CNF/WPU composite films were prepared by cast-coating and drying.The particle size of the emulsions and the chemical structure,micromorphology,thermal stability,mechanical properties,and water resistance of the composite films were characterized using a Malvern laser particle size analyzer,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),thermogravimetric analysis(TGA),an electronic strength machine,water contact angle analysis(WCA),and water absorption tests,respectively.The results showed that at a low CNF content of 0.3 wt%,the particle size of the WPU emulsion and chemical structure of the film did not change significantly.In addition,the tensile strength of the composite film increased by up to 108%compared to the neat WPU film,and the thermal stability and water resistance were slightly improved.The addition of CNF greatly enhanced the tensile strength while maintaining the other original properties of the WPU film,which may greatly improve the service life and tear resistance of commercial coatings in the future.展开更多
Ethyl cellulose(EC),an important biomass-based material,has excellent film-forming properties.Nevertheless,the high interchain hydrogen bond interaction leads to a high glass transition temperature of EC,which makes i...Ethyl cellulose(EC),an important biomass-based material,has excellent film-forming properties.Nevertheless,the high interchain hydrogen bond interaction leads to a high glass transition temperature of EC,which makes it too brittle to be used widely.The hydroxyl group on EC can form a supramolecular system in the form of a non-covalent bond with an effective plasticizer.In this study,an important vegetable-oil-based derivative named dimer fatty acid was used to prepare a novel special plasticizer for EC.Dimer-fatty-acid-based thioether polyol(DATP)was synthesized and used to modify ethyl cellulose films.The supramolecular composite films of DATP and ethyl cellulose were designed using the newly-formed van der Waals force.The thermal stability,morphology,hydrophilicity,and mechanical properties of the composite films were all tested.Pure EC is fragile,and the addition of DATP makes the ethyl cellulose films more flexible.The elongation at the break of EC supramolecular films increased and the tensile strength decreased with the increasing DATP content.The elongation at the break of EC/DATP(60/40)and EC/DATP(50/50)was up to 40.3%and 43.4%,respectively.Noticeably,the thermal initial degradation temperature of the film with 10%DATP is higher than that of pure EC,which may be attributed to the formation of a better supramolecular system in this composite film.The application of bio-based material(EC)is environmentally friendly,and the novel DATP can be used as a special and effective plasticizer to prepare flexible EC films,making it more widely used in energy,chemical industry,materials,agriculture,medicine,and other fields.展开更多
Despite the presence of Li F components in the solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)formed on the graphite anode surface by conventional electrolyte,these Li F components primarily exist in an amorphous state,rendering th...Despite the presence of Li F components in the solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)formed on the graphite anode surface by conventional electrolyte,these Li F components primarily exist in an amorphous state,rendering them incapable of effectively inhibiting the exchange reaction between lithium ions and transition metal ions in the electrolyte.Consequently,nearly all lithium ions within the SEI film are replaced by transition metal ions,resulting in an increase in interphacial impedance and a decrease in stability.Herein,we demonstrate that the SEI film,constructed by fluoroethylene carbonate(FEC)additive rich in crystalline Li F,effectively inhibits the undesired Li^(+)/Co^(2+)ion exchange reaction,thereby suppressing the deposition of cobalt compounds and metallic cobalt.Furthermore,the deposited cobalt compounds exhibit enhanced structural stability and reduced catalytic activity with minimal impact on the interphacial stability of the graphite anode.Our findings reveal the crucial influence of SEI film composition and structure on the deposition and hazards associated with transition metal ions,providing valuable guidance for designing next-generation electrolytes.展开更多
The rapid development of flexible electronic devices requires the design of flexible energy-storage devices. Lithium-sulfur(Li-S) batteries are attracting much interest due to their high energy density. Therefore, fle...The rapid development of flexible electronic devices requires the design of flexible energy-storage devices. Lithium-sulfur(Li-S) batteries are attracting much interest due to their high energy density. Therefore, flexible Li-S batteries with high areal capacity are desired. Herein, we fabricated freestanding reduced graphene oxide-sulfur(RGO@S) composite films with a cross-linked structure using a blade coating technique, followed by a subsequent chemical reduction. The porous cross-linked structure endows the composite films with excellent electrochemical performance. The batteries based on RGO@S composite films could exhibit a high discharge capacity of 1381 m Ah/g at 0.1 C and excellent cycle stability. Furthermore, the freestanding composite film possesses excellent conductivity and high mechanical strength. Therefore, they can be used as the cathodes of flexible Li-S batteries. As a proof of concept, soft-packaged Li-S batteries were assembled and remained stable electrochemical performance under different bending states.展开更多
ITO/CdS/ZnO interface composite films were successfully prepared by subsequent electrodeposition of CdS and ZnO onto indium tin oxide (ITO) glass substrates. The obtained ITO/CdS/ZnO composite films were characteriz...ITO/CdS/ZnO interface composite films were successfully prepared by subsequent electrodeposition of CdS and ZnO onto indium tin oxide (ITO) glass substrates. The obtained ITO/CdS/ZnO composite films were characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The photocatalytic activity of ITO/CdS/ZnO composite films were investigated using methyl orange (MO) as a model organic compound under UV light irradiation. The influence of operating parameters on MO degradation including initial concentration of MO, pH value of solution, and inorganic anion species over the composite films were examined. A blue shift of absorption threshold was observed for the ITO/CdS/ZnO film in comparison with ITO/ZnO film. ITO/CdS/ZnO composite films prepared under specific conditions showed a higher photocatalytic activity than that of ITO/ZnO films. It was also found that the photocatalytic degradation of MO on the composite films followed pseudo-first order kinetics.展开更多
Ni nanocomposite films formed by Ni nanowires embedded in Ni matrix(Ni nanowire/Ni composite films)were fabricated by electrodeposition combined with supersonic stirring in a conventional Watts'bath containing Ni ...Ni nanocomposite films formed by Ni nanowires embedded in Ni matrix(Ni nanowire/Ni composite films)were fabricated by electrodeposition combined with supersonic stirring in a conventional Watts'bath containing Ni nanowires with diameter about 30 nm.The deposition temperature-dependent microstructure,crystal orientation,lattice constant and corrosion behavior of the Ni nanowire/Ni composite films were investigated by field emission scanning electron microscope,X-ray diffraction and potentiodynamic polarization tests,respectively.And the possible mechanism was discussed.It is found that to some extent,the deposition temperature has an impact on the microstructure,crystal orientation,lattice constant and corrosion property of the Ni nanowire/Ni composite films.The Ni nanowire/Ni composite films prepared at 50℃exhibit a novel inter-twisted-nanowire microstructure and have the best corrosion resistance.展开更多
γ-mercapto-propyl trimethoxysilane (MPTS) and γ-methacryloxy propyltrimethoxysilane (MPTES) were self-assembled on a hy- droxylated glass substrate to form a two-dimensional organic monolayer (MPTS-MPTES SAM)....γ-mercapto-propyl trimethoxysilane (MPTS) and γ-methacryloxy propyltrimethoxysilane (MPTES) were self-assembled on a hy- droxylated glass substrate to form a two-dimensional organic monolayer (MPTS-MPTES SAM). The terminal thiol groups (-SH) in the MPTS-MPTES SAM were in-situ oxidized into sulfonic acid groups (-SO3H) to endow the film with good chemisorption ability. Then rare earth (RE) (lanthanum-based) composite thin films were prepared by self-assembly technique based on the as-prepared SAM, taking advantage of the chemisorption ability of the sulfonic acid groups. Automatic force microscope (AFM), X-ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS), contact angle measurement and ellipsometer were used to characterize MPTS-MPTES/RE composite films. The macrofriction and wear behaviors of the films sliding against an AISI-52100 steel ball were examined on a unidirectional friction and wear tester, and the worn surface morphologies were observed on an AFM. The results showed that MPTS-MPTES/RE films had a low friction coefficient (0.09) and a long wear life (5980 sliding pass) at a light load (50 mN). It indicated that the superior tribological properties of the MPTS-MPTES/RE composite films were attributed to the special characteristic of RE elements, the mobility of the films and good bonding strength.展开更多
V2Os/TiO2 composite films were prepared on pure titanium substmtes via micro-arc oxidation (MAO) in electrolytes consisting of NaVO3. Their morphology and dements were characterized by scanning electron microscopy ...V2Os/TiO2 composite films were prepared on pure titanium substmtes via micro-arc oxidation (MAO) in electrolytes consisting of NaVO3. Their morphology and dements were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. Phase composition and valence states of species in the films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelec- tron spectroscopy (XPS). Ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectra (UV-Vis DRS) were also employed to evaluate the photophysical property of the films. The VEOs/TiO2 composite films show a sheet-like morphology. Not only V205 phase appears in the films when the NaVO3 concentration of the electrolyte is higher than 6,10 g/L and is loaded at the surface of anatase, but also V4+ is incorporated into the crystal lattice of anatase. In comparison with pure TiO2 films the V2Os/TiO2 composite films exhibit significantly narrow band gap energy. The film prepared in an electrolyte consisting of NaVO3 with a concentration of 8.54 g/L exhibits the narrowest band gap energy, which is approximately 1.89 eV. The V2Os/TiO2 composite films also have the significantly enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity. The film prepared in an electrolyte consisting of NaVO3 with a concentration of 8.54 g/L exhibits the best photocatalytic activity and about 93% of rhodamine is degraded after 14 h visible light radiation.展开更多
Stable thin films made from polyionic complex 2C12N+PVS- with incorporated Hb on PG electrodes were characterized by electrochemistry. The electron transfer between Hb and PG electrodes was greatly facilitated in micr...Stable thin films made from polyionic complex 2C12N+PVS- with incorporated Hb on PG electrodes were characterized by electrochemistry. The electron transfer between Hb and PG electrodes was greatly facilitated in microenvironment of 2C12N+PVS- films. The Hb-2C12N+PVS-films could be used to catalytically reduce trichloroacetic acid.展开更多
The composite films constituted of hydroxyapatite (HAP) submicron particles embedded in the gel composed of the titania nanoparticles were prepared on commercial Ti6Al4V plates with titania buffer layer obtained by a ...The composite films constituted of hydroxyapatite (HAP) submicron particles embedded in the gel composed of the titania nanoparticles were prepared on commercial Ti6Al4V plates with titania buffer layer obtained by a spin-coating technique. The films were annealed in air at 450 ℃, 550 ℃ and 650 ℃, respectively. The phase formation, surface morphology, andinterfacial microstructure of the films were investigated by X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), field emission-scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDS) analysis. The results show that the as-prepared films are all well-crystallized, dense,homogeneous, and there was a close interfacial bond between the film and the substrate. The results of adhesion test indicate that there is a good bonding strength between the film and the substrate. The bone-like apatite formation on the surface of the films after immersion in acellular simulatedbody fluid(SBF) validated their bioactivities.展开更多
In this work, TiO2/Ti composite films were fabricated by 2-setp MCT and the following high temperature oxidation. Antibacterial activity of the composite films treated by ultrasonic cleaning to increase the performanc...In this work, TiO2/Ti composite films were fabricated by 2-setp MCT and the following high temperature oxidation. Antibacterial activity of the composite films treated by ultrasonic cleaning to increase the performance reliability was examined. The prepared TiO2/Ti composite films showed high photocatalytic activity in the degradation of methylene blue solution. It is obvious that? TiO2/Ti composite films have antibacterial activity under UV irradiation.展开更多
Anodized composite films containing Si C nanoparticles were synthesized on Ti6Al4 V alloy by anodic oxidation procedure in C4O6H4Na2 electrolyte. Scanning electron microscopy(SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS) ...Anodized composite films containing Si C nanoparticles were synthesized on Ti6Al4 V alloy by anodic oxidation procedure in C4O6H4Na2 electrolyte. Scanning electron microscopy(SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) were employed to characterize the morphology and composition of the films fabricated in the electrolytes with and without addition of Si C nanoparticles. Results show that Si C particles can be successfully incorporated into the oxide film during the anodizing process and preferentially concentrate within internal cavities and micro-cracks. The ball-on-disk sliding tests indicate that Si C-containing oxide films register much lower wear rate than the oxide films without Si C under dry sliding condition. Si C particles are likely to melt and then are oxidized by frictional heat during sliding tests. Potentiodynamic polarization behavior reveals that the anodized alloy with Si C nanoparticles results in a reduction in passive current density to about 1.54×10-8 A/cm2, which is more than two times lower than that of the Ti O2 film(3.73×10-8 A/cm2). The synthesized composite film has good anti-wear and anti-corrosion properties and the growth mechanism of nanocomposite film is also discussed.展开更多
Total dose effects and single event effects on radiation-hardened power vertical double-diffusion metal oxide semiconductor(VDMOS) devices with composite SiO2-Si3N4 film gates are investigated.The relationships amon...Total dose effects and single event effects on radiation-hardened power vertical double-diffusion metal oxide semiconductor(VDMOS) devices with composite SiO2-Si3N4 film gates are investigated.The relationships among the important electrical parameters of the samples with different thickness SiO2-Si3N4 films,such as threshold voltage,breakdown voltage,and on-state resistance in accumulated dose,are discussed.The total dose experiment results show that the breakdown voltage and the on-state resistance barely change with the accumulated dose.However,the relationships between the threshold voltages of the samples and the accumulated dose are more complex,and not only positively drift,but also negatively drift.At the end of the total dose experiment,we select the group of samples which have the smaller threshold voltage shift to carry out the single event effect studies.We find that the samples with appropriate thickness ratio SiO2-Si3N4 films have a good radiation-hardening ability.This method may be useful in solving both the SEGR and the total dose problems with the composite SiO2-Si3N4 films.展开更多
MoS2/Zr composite films were deposited on the cemented carbide YT14 (WC+14%TiC+6%Co) by medium-frequency magnetron sputtered and coupled with multi-arc ion plated techniques.The influence of negative bias voltage ...MoS2/Zr composite films were deposited on the cemented carbide YT14 (WC+14%TiC+6%Co) by medium-frequency magnetron sputtered and coupled with multi-arc ion plated techniques.The influence of negative bias voltage on the composite film properties,including adhesion strength,micro-hardness,thickness and tribological properties were investigated.The results showed that proper negative bias voltage could significantly improve the mechanical and tribological properties of composite films.The effects of negative bias voltage on film properties were also put forward.The optimal negative bias voltage was -200 V under this experiment conditions.The obtained composite films were dense,the adhesion strength was about 60 N,the thickness was about 2.4 μm,and the micro-hardness was about 9.0 GPa.The friction coefficient and wear rate was 0.12 and 2.1×10-7 cm3/N·m respectively after 60 m sliding operation against hardened steel under a load of 20 N and a sliding speed of 200 rev·min-1.展开更多
Nanocellulose has served as an eye-catching nanomaterial for constructing advanced functional devices with renewability,light weight,flexibility,and environmental friendliness.In this study,Co_(3)O_(4)/graphene/cellul...Nanocellulose has served as an eye-catching nanomaterial for constructing advanced functional devices with renewability,light weight,flexibility,and environmental friendliness.In this study,Co_(3)O_(4)/graphene/cellulose nanofiber(CNF)flexible composite films,in which the CNF acted as a spacer for the graphene,were prepared via a facile and scalable vacuum filtration method.The effects of the CNF on the microstructure,hydrophilicity,thermal stability,tensile strength,surface resistance,and electrochemical performance of the Co_(3)O_(4)/graphene/CNF composite films were systematically investigated.The results showed that the synergistic interaction of the CNF and graphene substantially improved the overall properties of the Co_(3)O_(4)/graphene/CNF composite films,particularly their hydrophilicity and tensile strength.Meanwhile,Co_(3)O_(4)/graphene/CNF composite films with a CNF content of 4%appeared to have the optimal electrochemical performance,with an area specific capacitance of 56 mF/cm^(2) and prominent capacitance retention of 95.6%at a current density of 1 A/g after 1000 cycles.This work demonstrated that the prepared Co_(3)O_(4)/graphene/CNF flexible composite films have great application potential in the field of flexible energy storage devices.展开更多
A group of heterogeneous latexes poly(butyl acrylate)/poly(styrene-co-methyl methacrylate)(PBA/P(St-co-MMA)) were prepared by a semi-continuous seeded emulsion polymerization process under monomer starved conditions.T...A group of heterogeneous latexes poly(butyl acrylate)/poly(styrene-co-methyl methacrylate)(PBA/P(St-co-MMA)) were prepared by a semi-continuous seeded emulsion polymerization process under monomer starved conditions.The glass transition temperature(T_g)and the mechanical properties of the film formed from the composite latex changed with the evolution of the particle morphology.A photon transmission method was used to monitor the phase structure evolution of films which were prepared from core-shell PBA/P(S...展开更多
Mesoporous silica films embedded with Ag nanoparticles were directly synthesized by a solgel dip-coating process, combining alkyl (ethylene oxide) surfactant as temple and tetraethoxysilane as inorganic precursor. T...Mesoporous silica films embedded with Ag nanoparticles were directly synthesized by a solgel dip-coating process, combining alkyl (ethylene oxide) surfactant as temple and tetraethoxysilane as inorganic precursor. The addition of Ag^+ ion to the reaction sol was prior to the formation of films, followed by the heat treatment at 150℃ led to the creation ofAg nanoparticies. The formation ofAg nanoparticles and the change of its surface plasma resonance absorption were characterized by Uv-vis. The small angle XRD test indicated that the films had an ordered hexagonal mesoporous structure, of which the unit cell parameter was about 4.26 nm. The TEM images and EDS spectra of the samples have directly verified the presence of mono-dispersed Ag nanoparticles within the films, due to the confine effects of mesopores.展开更多
Ordered films were made by casting a mixture of aqueous dispersions of didodecyldimethylammonium bromide (DDAB)-clay composite and myoglobin (Mb) solution on pyrolytic graphite (PG) electrodes. The Mb-DDAB-clay film e...Ordered films were made by casting a mixture of aqueous dispersions of didodecyldimethylammonium bromide (DDAB)-clay composite and myoglobin (Mb) solution on pyrolytic graphite (PG) electrodes. The Mb-DDAB-clay film electrodes showed stable and reversible cyclic voltammetric responses in buffers and can catalyze the reduction of id (TCA).展开更多
Organic compounds are widely used in both industry and daily life,and composite bilayer films with organic compound-triggered bending properties are promising for applications of transducers,soft robotics,and so on.He...Organic compounds are widely used in both industry and daily life,and composite bilayer films with organic compound-triggered bending properties are promising for applications of transducers,soft robotics,and so on.Here,a universal and straightforward strategy to generate composite bilayer films with organic compoundtriggered bending properties is demonstrated.The composite bilayer films with organic compound-triggered bending properties are designed with bilayer structures,in which one layer is a porous polymeric membrane with appropriate solubility parameter that matches the value of organic solvents in order to produce prominent affinity to the solvent molecules,and the other layer is reduced graphene oxide membrane stacked on the porous polymeric membrane as an inert layer for restraining the swelling of the polymeric membrane on one side.Guided by matching the solubility parameters between solvent and polymer,a significant bending curvature of 27.3 cm-1 is obtained in acetone vapor.The results in this study will provide valuable guidance for designing and developing functional composite materials with significant organic compound-triggered bending properties.展开更多
基金Funded by the Youth Backbone Teacher Training Plan in University of Henan Province(No.21220028)Science and Technology Research Project of Henan Province(No.242102321066)+2 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province(No.232300420312)Henan University of Technology Young Backbone Teacher Training Plan(No.21421260)the Innovation Training Program for College Students in Henan Province(No.202310463046)。
文摘In this work,flexible photothermal PVA/Ti_(2)O_(3) composite films with different amount(0 wt%,5 wt%,10 wt%,15 wt%)of Ti_(2)O_(3) particles modified by steric acid were prepared by a simple solution casting method.The microstructures,XRD patterns,FTIR spectra,UV-Vis-NIR spectra thermo-conductivity,thermo-stability and photothermal effects of these composite films were all characterized.These results indicated that Ti_(2)O_(3) particles were well dispersed throughout the polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)matrix in the PVA/Ti_(2)O_(3) composite films.And Ti_(2)O_(3) particles could also effectively improve the photothermal properties of the composite films which exhibited high light absorption and generated a high temperature(about 57.4℃for film with 15 wt%Ti_(2)O_(3) amount)on the surface when it was irradiated by a simulated sunlight source(1 kW/m^(2)).
文摘To improve the performance of polyurethane films,small amounts of cellulose nanofibrils(CNF)were physically blended with a waterborne polyurethane(WPU)emulsion,and then CNF/WPU composite films were prepared by cast-coating and drying.The particle size of the emulsions and the chemical structure,micromorphology,thermal stability,mechanical properties,and water resistance of the composite films were characterized using a Malvern laser particle size analyzer,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),thermogravimetric analysis(TGA),an electronic strength machine,water contact angle analysis(WCA),and water absorption tests,respectively.The results showed that at a low CNF content of 0.3 wt%,the particle size of the WPU emulsion and chemical structure of the film did not change significantly.In addition,the tensile strength of the composite film increased by up to 108%compared to the neat WPU film,and the thermal stability and water resistance were slightly improved.The addition of CNF greatly enhanced the tensile strength while maintaining the other original properties of the WPU film,which may greatly improve the service life and tear resistance of commercial coatings in the future.
基金supported by Jiangsu Province Biomass Energy and Materials Laboratory,China(Grant No.JSBEM-S-202007).
文摘Ethyl cellulose(EC),an important biomass-based material,has excellent film-forming properties.Nevertheless,the high interchain hydrogen bond interaction leads to a high glass transition temperature of EC,which makes it too brittle to be used widely.The hydroxyl group on EC can form a supramolecular system in the form of a non-covalent bond with an effective plasticizer.In this study,an important vegetable-oil-based derivative named dimer fatty acid was used to prepare a novel special plasticizer for EC.Dimer-fatty-acid-based thioether polyol(DATP)was synthesized and used to modify ethyl cellulose films.The supramolecular composite films of DATP and ethyl cellulose were designed using the newly-formed van der Waals force.The thermal stability,morphology,hydrophilicity,and mechanical properties of the composite films were all tested.Pure EC is fragile,and the addition of DATP makes the ethyl cellulose films more flexible.The elongation at the break of EC supramolecular films increased and the tensile strength decreased with the increasing DATP content.The elongation at the break of EC/DATP(60/40)and EC/DATP(50/50)was up to 40.3%and 43.4%,respectively.Noticeably,the thermal initial degradation temperature of the film with 10%DATP is higher than that of pure EC,which may be attributed to the formation of a better supramolecular system in this composite film.The application of bio-based material(EC)is environmentally friendly,and the novel DATP can be used as a special and effective plasticizer to prepare flexible EC films,making it more widely used in energy,chemical industry,materials,agriculture,medicine,and other fields.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21972049,21573080)。
文摘Despite the presence of Li F components in the solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)formed on the graphite anode surface by conventional electrolyte,these Li F components primarily exist in an amorphous state,rendering them incapable of effectively inhibiting the exchange reaction between lithium ions and transition metal ions in the electrolyte.Consequently,nearly all lithium ions within the SEI film are replaced by transition metal ions,resulting in an increase in interphacial impedance and a decrease in stability.Herein,we demonstrate that the SEI film,constructed by fluoroethylene carbonate(FEC)additive rich in crystalline Li F,effectively inhibits the undesired Li^(+)/Co^(2+)ion exchange reaction,thereby suppressing the deposition of cobalt compounds and metallic cobalt.Furthermore,the deposited cobalt compounds exhibit enhanced structural stability and reduced catalytic activity with minimal impact on the interphacial stability of the graphite anode.Our findings reveal the crucial influence of SEI film composition and structure on the deposition and hazards associated with transition metal ions,providing valuable guidance for designing next-generation electrolytes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21573116 , 51822205 , 21875121 and 51602218)Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2017YFA0206701)+1 种基金Ministry of Education of China(B12015)the Young Thousand Talents Program
文摘The rapid development of flexible electronic devices requires the design of flexible energy-storage devices. Lithium-sulfur(Li-S) batteries are attracting much interest due to their high energy density. Therefore, flexible Li-S batteries with high areal capacity are desired. Herein, we fabricated freestanding reduced graphene oxide-sulfur(RGO@S) composite films with a cross-linked structure using a blade coating technique, followed by a subsequent chemical reduction. The porous cross-linked structure endows the composite films with excellent electrochemical performance. The batteries based on RGO@S composite films could exhibit a high discharge capacity of 1381 m Ah/g at 0.1 C and excellent cycle stability. Furthermore, the freestanding composite film possesses excellent conductivity and high mechanical strength. Therefore, they can be used as the cathodes of flexible Li-S batteries. As a proof of concept, soft-packaged Li-S batteries were assembled and remained stable electrochemical performance under different bending states.
文摘ITO/CdS/ZnO interface composite films were successfully prepared by subsequent electrodeposition of CdS and ZnO onto indium tin oxide (ITO) glass substrates. The obtained ITO/CdS/ZnO composite films were characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The photocatalytic activity of ITO/CdS/ZnO composite films were investigated using methyl orange (MO) as a model organic compound under UV light irradiation. The influence of operating parameters on MO degradation including initial concentration of MO, pH value of solution, and inorganic anion species over the composite films were examined. A blue shift of absorption threshold was observed for the ITO/CdS/ZnO film in comparison with ITO/ZnO film. ITO/CdS/ZnO composite films prepared under specific conditions showed a higher photocatalytic activity than that of ITO/ZnO films. It was also found that the photocatalytic degradation of MO on the composite films followed pseudo-first order kinetics.
基金Project(2008GK2001)supported by Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,ChinaProject(10772157)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(06C839)supported by the Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department,China
文摘Ni nanocomposite films formed by Ni nanowires embedded in Ni matrix(Ni nanowire/Ni composite films)were fabricated by electrodeposition combined with supersonic stirring in a conventional Watts'bath containing Ni nanowires with diameter about 30 nm.The deposition temperature-dependent microstructure,crystal orientation,lattice constant and corrosion behavior of the Ni nanowire/Ni composite films were investigated by field emission scanning electron microscope,X-ray diffraction and potentiodynamic polarization tests,respectively.And the possible mechanism was discussed.It is found that to some extent,the deposition temperature has an impact on the microstructure,crystal orientation,lattice constant and corrosion property of the Ni nanowire/Ni composite films.The Ni nanowire/Ni composite films prepared at 50℃exhibit a novel inter-twisted-nanowire microstructure and have the best corrosion resistance.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (50475023)
文摘γ-mercapto-propyl trimethoxysilane (MPTS) and γ-methacryloxy propyltrimethoxysilane (MPTES) were self-assembled on a hy- droxylated glass substrate to form a two-dimensional organic monolayer (MPTS-MPTES SAM). The terminal thiol groups (-SH) in the MPTS-MPTES SAM were in-situ oxidized into sulfonic acid groups (-SO3H) to endow the film with good chemisorption ability. Then rare earth (RE) (lanthanum-based) composite thin films were prepared by self-assembly technique based on the as-prepared SAM, taking advantage of the chemisorption ability of the sulfonic acid groups. Automatic force microscope (AFM), X-ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS), contact angle measurement and ellipsometer were used to characterize MPTS-MPTES/RE composite films. The macrofriction and wear behaviors of the films sliding against an AISI-52100 steel ball were examined on a unidirectional friction and wear tester, and the worn surface morphologies were observed on an AFM. The results showed that MPTS-MPTES/RE films had a low friction coefficient (0.09) and a long wear life (5980 sliding pass) at a light load (50 mN). It indicated that the superior tribological properties of the MPTS-MPTES/RE composite films were attributed to the special characteristic of RE elements, the mobility of the films and good bonding strength.
基金the Open Research Fund of the National Defense Key Disciplines Laboratory of Light Alloy Processing Science and Technology in Nanchang Hangkong University(No.gf200901002)the Analytical and Testing Center of Huazhong University of Science and Technology
文摘V2Os/TiO2 composite films were prepared on pure titanium substmtes via micro-arc oxidation (MAO) in electrolytes consisting of NaVO3. Their morphology and dements were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. Phase composition and valence states of species in the films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelec- tron spectroscopy (XPS). Ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectra (UV-Vis DRS) were also employed to evaluate the photophysical property of the films. The VEOs/TiO2 composite films show a sheet-like morphology. Not only V205 phase appears in the films when the NaVO3 concentration of the electrolyte is higher than 6,10 g/L and is loaded at the surface of anatase, but also V4+ is incorporated into the crystal lattice of anatase. In comparison with pure TiO2 films the V2Os/TiO2 composite films exhibit significantly narrow band gap energy. The film prepared in an electrolyte consisting of NaVO3 with a concentration of 8.54 g/L exhibits the narrowest band gap energy, which is approximately 1.89 eV. The V2Os/TiO2 composite films also have the significantly enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity. The film prepared in an electrolyte consisting of NaVO3 with a concentration of 8.54 g/L exhibits the best photocatalytic activity and about 93% of rhodamine is degraded after 14 h visible light radiation.
文摘Stable thin films made from polyionic complex 2C12N+PVS- with incorporated Hb on PG electrodes were characterized by electrochemistry. The electron transfer between Hb and PG electrodes was greatly facilitated in microenvironment of 2C12N+PVS- films. The Hb-2C12N+PVS-films could be used to catalytically reduce trichloroacetic acid.
基金Projects(50235020 30300078)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘The composite films constituted of hydroxyapatite (HAP) submicron particles embedded in the gel composed of the titania nanoparticles were prepared on commercial Ti6Al4V plates with titania buffer layer obtained by a spin-coating technique. The films were annealed in air at 450 ℃, 550 ℃ and 650 ℃, respectively. The phase formation, surface morphology, andinterfacial microstructure of the films were investigated by X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), field emission-scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDS) analysis. The results show that the as-prepared films are all well-crystallized, dense,homogeneous, and there was a close interfacial bond between the film and the substrate. The results of adhesion test indicate that there is a good bonding strength between the film and the substrate. The bone-like apatite formation on the surface of the films after immersion in acellular simulatedbody fluid(SBF) validated their bioactivities.
文摘In this work, TiO2/Ti composite films were fabricated by 2-setp MCT and the following high temperature oxidation. Antibacterial activity of the composite films treated by ultrasonic cleaning to increase the performance reliability was examined. The prepared TiO2/Ti composite films showed high photocatalytic activity in the degradation of methylene blue solution. It is obvious that? TiO2/Ti composite films have antibacterial activity under UV irradiation.
基金Project(51271012)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Anodized composite films containing Si C nanoparticles were synthesized on Ti6Al4 V alloy by anodic oxidation procedure in C4O6H4Na2 electrolyte. Scanning electron microscopy(SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) were employed to characterize the morphology and composition of the films fabricated in the electrolytes with and without addition of Si C nanoparticles. Results show that Si C particles can be successfully incorporated into the oxide film during the anodizing process and preferentially concentrate within internal cavities and micro-cracks. The ball-on-disk sliding tests indicate that Si C-containing oxide films register much lower wear rate than the oxide films without Si C under dry sliding condition. Si C particles are likely to melt and then are oxidized by frictional heat during sliding tests. Potentiodynamic polarization behavior reveals that the anodized alloy with Si C nanoparticles results in a reduction in passive current density to about 1.54×10-8 A/cm2, which is more than two times lower than that of the Ti O2 film(3.73×10-8 A/cm2). The synthesized composite film has good anti-wear and anti-corrosion properties and the growth mechanism of nanocomposite film is also discussed.
文摘Total dose effects and single event effects on radiation-hardened power vertical double-diffusion metal oxide semiconductor(VDMOS) devices with composite SiO2-Si3N4 film gates are investigated.The relationships among the important electrical parameters of the samples with different thickness SiO2-Si3N4 films,such as threshold voltage,breakdown voltage,and on-state resistance in accumulated dose,are discussed.The total dose experiment results show that the breakdown voltage and the on-state resistance barely change with the accumulated dose.However,the relationships between the threshold voltages of the samples and the accumulated dose are more complex,and not only positively drift,but also negatively drift.At the end of the total dose experiment,we select the group of samples which have the smaller threshold voltage shift to carry out the single event effect studies.We find that the samples with appropriate thickness ratio SiO2-Si3N4 films have a good radiation-hardening ability.This method may be useful in solving both the SEGR and the total dose problems with the composite SiO2-Si3N4 films.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.51075237)the National Basic Research Program of China (No.2009CB724402)+3 种基金the Taishan Scholar Program of Shandong Provincethe Outstanding Young Scholar Science Foundation of Shandong (No.JQ200917)the National Natural Science Foundation of Shandong (No.ZR2010EZ002)National High Technology Research and Development Program (No.2009AA044303)
文摘MoS2/Zr composite films were deposited on the cemented carbide YT14 (WC+14%TiC+6%Co) by medium-frequency magnetron sputtered and coupled with multi-arc ion plated techniques.The influence of negative bias voltage on the composite film properties,including adhesion strength,micro-hardness,thickness and tribological properties were investigated.The results showed that proper negative bias voltage could significantly improve the mechanical and tribological properties of composite films.The effects of negative bias voltage on film properties were also put forward.The optimal negative bias voltage was -200 V under this experiment conditions.The obtained composite films were dense,the adhesion strength was about 60 N,the thickness was about 2.4 μm,and the micro-hardness was about 9.0 GPa.The friction coefficient and wear rate was 0.12 and 2.1×10-7 cm3/N·m respectively after 60 m sliding operation against hardened steel under a load of 20 N and a sliding speed of 200 rev·min-1.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant no.22078306)Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province(grant no.2020C02021)+1 种基金521 Talent Cultivation Program of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University(grant no.11110132521310)Qujiang Science and Technology Project(grant no.QJ2020023).
文摘Nanocellulose has served as an eye-catching nanomaterial for constructing advanced functional devices with renewability,light weight,flexibility,and environmental friendliness.In this study,Co_(3)O_(4)/graphene/cellulose nanofiber(CNF)flexible composite films,in which the CNF acted as a spacer for the graphene,were prepared via a facile and scalable vacuum filtration method.The effects of the CNF on the microstructure,hydrophilicity,thermal stability,tensile strength,surface resistance,and electrochemical performance of the Co_(3)O_(4)/graphene/CNF composite films were systematically investigated.The results showed that the synergistic interaction of the CNF and graphene substantially improved the overall properties of the Co_(3)O_(4)/graphene/CNF composite films,particularly their hydrophilicity and tensile strength.Meanwhile,Co_(3)O_(4)/graphene/CNF composite films with a CNF content of 4%appeared to have the optimal electrochemical performance,with an area specific capacitance of 56 mF/cm^(2) and prominent capacitance retention of 95.6%at a current density of 1 A/g after 1000 cycles.This work demonstrated that the prepared Co_(3)O_(4)/graphene/CNF flexible composite films have great application potential in the field of flexible energy storage devices.
基金This work was financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province(No.0211061600).
文摘A group of heterogeneous latexes poly(butyl acrylate)/poly(styrene-co-methyl methacrylate)(PBA/P(St-co-MMA)) were prepared by a semi-continuous seeded emulsion polymerization process under monomer starved conditions.The glass transition temperature(T_g)and the mechanical properties of the film formed from the composite latex changed with the evolution of the particle morphology.A photon transmission method was used to monitor the phase structure evolution of films which were prepared from core-shell PBA/P(S...
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.50272048)
文摘Mesoporous silica films embedded with Ag nanoparticles were directly synthesized by a solgel dip-coating process, combining alkyl (ethylene oxide) surfactant as temple and tetraethoxysilane as inorganic precursor. The addition of Ag^+ ion to the reaction sol was prior to the formation of films, followed by the heat treatment at 150℃ led to the creation ofAg nanoparticies. The formation ofAg nanoparticles and the change of its surface plasma resonance absorption were characterized by Uv-vis. The small angle XRD test indicated that the films had an ordered hexagonal mesoporous structure, of which the unit cell parameter was about 4.26 nm. The TEM images and EDS spectra of the samples have directly verified the presence of mono-dispersed Ag nanoparticles within the films, due to the confine effects of mesopores.
文摘Ordered films were made by casting a mixture of aqueous dispersions of didodecyldimethylammonium bromide (DDAB)-clay composite and myoglobin (Mb) solution on pyrolytic graphite (PG) electrodes. The Mb-DDAB-clay film electrodes showed stable and reversible cyclic voltammetric responses in buffers and can catalyze the reduction of id (TCA).
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21490582,21622604)the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University(IRT15R48)the State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering(sklpme2017-3-03,sklpme2014-1-01).
文摘Organic compounds are widely used in both industry and daily life,and composite bilayer films with organic compound-triggered bending properties are promising for applications of transducers,soft robotics,and so on.Here,a universal and straightforward strategy to generate composite bilayer films with organic compoundtriggered bending properties is demonstrated.The composite bilayer films with organic compound-triggered bending properties are designed with bilayer structures,in which one layer is a porous polymeric membrane with appropriate solubility parameter that matches the value of organic solvents in order to produce prominent affinity to the solvent molecules,and the other layer is reduced graphene oxide membrane stacked on the porous polymeric membrane as an inert layer for restraining the swelling of the polymeric membrane on one side.Guided by matching the solubility parameters between solvent and polymer,a significant bending curvature of 27.3 cm-1 is obtained in acetone vapor.The results in this study will provide valuable guidance for designing and developing functional composite materials with significant organic compound-triggered bending properties.