Plexin domain-containing 1 may be a biomarker of poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma patients,may mediate immune evasion

BACKGROUND For the first time,we investigated the oncological role of plexin domain-containing 1(PLXDC1),also known as tumor endothelial marker 7(TEM7),in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).AIM To investigate the oncological profile of PLXDC1 in HCC.METHODS Based on The Cancer Genome Atlas database,we analyzed the expression of PLXDC1 in HCC.Using immunohistochemistry,quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR),and Western blotting,we validated our results.The prognostic value of PLXDC1 in HCC was analyzed by assessing its correlation with clinicopathological features,such as patient survival,methylation level,tumor immune microenvironment features,and immune cell surface checkpoint expression.Finally,to assess the immune evasion potential of PLXDC1 in HCC,we used the tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion(TIDE)website and immunohistochemical staining assays.RESULTS Based on immunohistochemistry,qRT-PCR,and Western blot assays,overexpression of PLXDC1 in HCC was associated with poor prognosis.Univariate and multivariate Cox analyses indicated that PLXDC1 might be an independent prognostic factor.In HCC patients with high methylation levels,the prognosis was worse than in patients with low methylation levels.Pathway enrichment analysis of HCC tissues indicated that genes upregulated in the high-PLXDC1 subgroup were enriched in mesenchymal and immune activation signaling,and TIDE assessment showed that the risk of immune evasion was significantly higher in the high-PLXDC1 subgroup compared to the low-PLXDC1 subgroup.The high-risk group had a significantly lower immune evasion rate as well as a poor prognosis,and PLXDC1-related risk scores were also associated with a poor prognosis.CONCLUSION As a result of this study analyzing PLXDC1 from multiple biological perspectives,it was revealed that it is a biomarker of poor prognosis for HCC patients,and that it plays a role in determining immune evasion status.

Silencing of Jumonji domain-containing 1C inhibits the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells via nuclear factor-κB signaling

BACKGROUND Osteoporosis is a common metabolic bone disorder induced by an imbalance between osteoclastic activity and osteogenic activity.During osteoporosis,bone mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)exhibit an increased ability to differentiate into adipocytes and a decreased ability to differentiate into osteoblasts,resulting in bone loss.Jumonji domain-containing 1C(JMJD1C)has been demonstrated to suppress osteoclastogenesis.AIM To examine the effect of JMJD1C on the osteogenesis of BMSCs and the potential underlying mechanism.METHODS BMSCs were isolated from mouse bone marrow tissues.Oil Red O staining,Alizarin red staining,alkaline phosphatase staining and the expression of adipo-genic and osteogenic-associated genes were assessed to determine the differen-tiation of BMSCs.Bone marrow-derived macrophages(BMMs)were incubated with receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaΒligand to induce osteoclast differentiation,and osteoclast differen-tiation was confirmed by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining.Other related genes were measured via reverse transcription coupled to the quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used to measure the levels of inflammatory cytokines,including tumor necrosis factor alpha,interleukin-6 and interleukin-1 beta.RESULTS The osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation potential of BMSCs isolated from mouse bone marrow samples was evaluated.JMJD1C mRNA and protein expression was upregulated in BMSCs after osteoblast induction,while p-nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB)and inflammatory cytokines were not significantly altered.Knockdown of JMJD1C repressed osteogenic differentiation and enhanced NF-κB activation and inflammatory cytokine release in BMSCs.Moreover,JMJD1C expression decreased during BMM osteoclast differentiation.CONCLUSION The JMJD1C/NF-κB signaling pathway is potentially involved in BMSC osteogenic differentiation and may play vital roles in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis.

Effect and mechanism of reactive oxygen species-mediated NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 inflammasome activation in hepatic alveolar echinococcosis

BACKGROUND The NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3(NLRP3)inflammasome is a significant component of the innate immune system that plays a vital role in the development of various parasitic diseases.However,its role in hepatic alveolar echinococcosis(HAE)remains unclear.AIM To investigate the NLRP3 inflammasome and its mechanism of activation in HAE.METHODS We assessed the expression of NLRP3,caspase-1,interleukin(IL)-1β,and IL-18 in the marginal zone and corresponding normal liver of 60 patients with HAE.A rat model of HAE was employed to investigate the role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in the marginal zone of HAE.Transwell experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of Echinococcus multilocularis(E.multilocularis)in stimulating Kupffer cells and hepatocytes.Furthermore,immunohistochemistry,Western blotting,and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to evaluate NLRP3,caspase-1,IL-1β,and IL-18 expression;flow cytometry was used to detect apoptosis and reactive oxygen species(ROS).RESULTS NLRP3 inflammasome activation was significantly associated with ROS.Inhibition of ROS production decreased NLRP3-caspase-1-IL-1βpathway activation and mitigated hepatocyte damage and inflammation.CONCLUSION E.multilocularis induces hepatocyte damage and inflammation by activating the ROS-mediated NLRP3-caspase-1-IL-1βpathway in Kupffer cells,indicating that ROS may serve as a potential target for the treatment of HAE.

Pan-cancer analysis of positive regulatory domain-containing 16 in human tumors

Background:Positive regulatory domain-containing 16(PRDM16)plays a key role in brown adipose transcription,but its function in cancer is unclear.Our research to investigate the potential roles of PRDM16 across multiple types of cancer by pan cancer analyses.Methods:UALCAN and TIMER2 database were utilized to evaluate PRDM16 expression in cancer patients.Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis was employed to analyze the overall survival and disease-free survival across all The Cancer Genome Atlas Program tumors.Using the cBioPortal tool,we analyzed the mutation features of PRDM16 for the The Cancer Genome Atlas Program tumors,then utilized the Encyclopedia of RNA Interactomes database to predict the miRNA-mRNA relationships associated with the PRDM16 for all tumors.Results:The expression level of PRDM16 in the tumor tissues is lower than that in the normal tissues.Interesting,the high expression of PRDM16 has a positive effect on the prognosis of kidney clear cell carcinoma and lung adenocarcinoma,but not conducive to the prognosis of most cancers.In multiple cancer types,the expression of PRDM16 was significantly positively correlated with immune infiltration of cancer-associated fibroblasts.Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and Gene Ontology analysis indicated that PRDM16 may be related to transcriptional misregulation pathway in cancer.We identified potential miRNAs that play regulatory roles of PRDM16 in kidney clear cell carcinoma and lung adenocarcinoma.Conclusion:PRDM16 is expressed in different cancers,it can be used as a biomarker for prognosis of pan-cancer and is associated with immune infiltration.

Central role of Yes-associated protein and WW-domain-containing transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif in pancreatic cancer development

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC) remains a deadly disease with no efficacious treatment options. PDAC incidence is projected to increase, which may be caused at least partially by the obesity epidemic. Significantly enhanced efforts to prevent or intercept this cancer are clearly warranted. Oncogenic KRAS mutations are recognized initiating events in PDAC development, however, they are not entirely sufficient for the development of fully invasive PDAC.Additional genetic alterations and/or environmental, nutritional, and metabolic signals, as present in obesity, type-2 diabetes mellitus, and inflammation, are required for full PDAC formation. We hypothesize that oncogenic KRAS increases the intensity and duration of the growth-promoting signaling network.Recent exciting studies from different laboratories indicate that the activity of the transcriptional co-activators Yes-associated protein(YAP) and WW-domaincontaining transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif(TAZ) play a critical role in the promotion and maintenance of PDAC operating as key downstream target of KRAS signaling. While initially thought to be primarily an effector of the tumor-suppressive Hippo pathway, more recent studies revealed that YAP/TAZ subcellular localization and co-transcriptional activity is regulated by multiple upstream signals. Overall, YAP has emerged as a central node of transcriptional convergence in growth-promoting signaling in PDAC cells. Indeed, YAP expression is an independent unfavorable prognostic marker for overall survival of PDAC. In what follows, we will review studies implicating YAP/TAZ in pancreatic cancer development and consider different approaches to target these transcriptional regulators.

射血分数保留心力衰竭患者血清WWP1和NLRP3的表达水平及其临床价值研究

目的 探讨WW结构域E3泛素蛋白连接酶1(WW domain-containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1,WWP1)和核苷酸结合寡聚化结构域样受体蛋白3(nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3,NLRP3)在射血分数保留心力衰竭(heart failure with preserved ejection fraction,HFpEF)患者血清中的表达水平及临床意义。方法选取华北医疗健康集团峰峰总医院2021年1月~2022年9月收治的153例HFpEF患者为观察组,并根据患者纽约心脏病协会(New York Heart Association,NYHA)心功能分级分为心功能分级Ⅰ~Ⅱ级组(n=64)和心功能分级Ⅲ~Ⅳ级组(n=89),另选取同期体检健康的148例志愿者为对照组。血清WWP1,NLRP3水平与患者心功能指标的相关性采用Pearson分析;受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线分析血清WWP1和NLRP3水平对HFpEF患者心衰严重程度的诊断价值。结果 与对照组比较,观察组血清WWP1(1.68±0.35 vs 1.04±0.19)和NLRP3(6.72±1.26 ng/ml vs 4.57±0.84 ng/ml)表达水平明显升高,差异具有统计学意义(t=19.623,17.359,均P <0.05);与心功能分级Ⅰ~Ⅱ级组比较,心功能分级Ⅲ~Ⅳ级组血清WWP1(1.87±0.39 vs 1.42±0.32)和NLRP3(7.53±1.40 ng/ml vs 5.59±1.18 ng/ml)表达水平明显升高,差异具有统计学意义(t=7.744,9.017,均P<0.05);心功能分级Ⅰ~Ⅱ级组与心功能分级Ⅲ~Ⅳ级组心率、左心房内径(left atrial diameter,LAD)、左心室舒张末期内径(left ventricular end-diastolic diameter,LVEDD)、左室舒张末期后壁厚度(left ventricular end-diastolic posterior wall thickness,LVPWT)、左心室射血分数(left ventricular ejection fraction,LVEF)、二尖瓣舒张早期流速峰值(peak mitral early diastolic velocity,E)/舒张晚期流速峰值(peak late diastolic velocity,A)以及心房颤动发生率比较差异均具有统计学意义(t/χ^(2)=2.757~7.069,均P <0.05);HFpEF患者血清WWP1水平与LAD,LVEDD,LVPWT呈正相关(r=0.547,0.471,0.536,均P <0.05),与LVEF和E/A呈负相关(r=-0.485,-0.417,均P <0.05);血清NLRP3水平与LAD,LVEDD,LVPWT呈正相关(r=0.534,0.494,0.520,均P <0.05),与LVEF和E/A呈负相关(r=-0.462,-0.523,均P <0.05)。ROC结果显示,血清WWP1和NLRP3水平单独诊断HFpEF患者心衰严重程度的曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)分别为0.825和0.855,两者联合诊断的AUC(0.924)显著大于血清WWP1和NLRP3水平单独诊断的AUC(Z=3.600,P<0.001;Z=3.053,P=0.002)。结论 血清WWP1和NLRP3水平在HFpEF患者中明显升高,且与患者心功能密切相关,血清WWP1和NLRP3对HFpEF患者心衰严重程度具有一定的诊断价值。

新型溴苯取代的三氟甲基苯并环戊酮WW02对肺癌细胞增殖的影响及其分子机制

目的:探讨新型溴苯取代的三氟甲基苯并环戊酮WW02抑制人肺癌A549和H1299细胞活力及增殖的分子机制。方法:采用CCK-8和EdU法测定不同浓度的WW02(6.25、12.5、25、50μg/mL)对A549和H1299的细胞活力及增殖影响;不同浓度的WW02刺激A549和H1299细胞24h后,通过免疫印记(Westernblot)实验检测不同浓度WW02作用下Akt及mTOR磷酸化水平的变化;通过MOE Dock对WW02与Akt跟mTOR进行了分子对接。结果:用不同浓度(6.25、12.5、25、50μg/mL)WW02处理A549和H1299细胞后,A549及H1299细胞的活力较DMSO对照组呈浓度依赖性下降(P<0.05);细胞的增殖较DMSO对照组呈浓度依赖性下降(P<0.05)。与DMSO对照组相比,WW02刺激24h后,A549细胞中Akt及mTOR的磷酸化水平下降(12.5、12.5、25、50μg/mL WW02作用下,P<0.05);而与DMSO对照组相比,WW02刺激24h后H1299细胞中Akt及mTOR的磷酸化水平下降(25、50μg/mL WW02作用下,P<0.05);结合模式分析发现,WW02与Akt和mTOR结合较强,WW02与mTOR的最高打分为-8.3kcal/mol,而WW02与Akt的最高打分为-7.3kcal/mol。结论:WW02抑制肺癌A549及H1299细胞的活力与增殖,其作用机制可能通过直接结合Akt及mTOR蛋白进而抑制Akt及mTOR磷酸化来实现。

An enriched environment increases the expression of fibronectin type Ⅲ domain-containing protein 5 and brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the cerebral cortex of the ischemic mouse brain

Many studies have shown that fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5(FDNC5) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF) play vital roles in plasticity after brain injury. An enriched environment refers to an environment that provides animals with multi-sensory stimulation and movement opportunities. An enriched environment has been shown to promote the regeneration of nerve cells, synapses, and blood vessels in the animal brain after cerebral ischemia;however, the exact mechanisms have not been clarified. This study aimed to determine whether an enriched environment could improve neurobehavioral functions after the experimental inducement of cerebral ischemia and whether neurobehavioral outcomes were associated with the expression of FDNC5 and BDNF. This study established ischemic mouse models using permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion(pMCAO) on the left side. On postoperative day 1, the mice were randomly assigned to either enriched environment or standard housing condition groups. Mice in the standard housing condition group were housed and fed under standard conditions. Mice in the enriched environment group were housed in a large cage, containing various toys, and fed with a standard diet. Sham-operated mice received the same procedure, but without artery occlusion, and were housed and fed under standard conditions. On postoperative days 7 and 14, a beam-walking test was used to assess coordination, balance, and spatial learning. On postoperative days 16–20, a Morris water maze test was used to assess spatial learning and memory. On postoperative day 15, the expression levels of FDNC5 and BDNF proteins in the ipsilateral cerebral cortex were analyzed by western blot assay. The results showed that compared with the standard housing condition group, the motor balance and coordination functions(based on beam-walking test scores 7 and 14 days after operation), spatial learning abilities(based on the spatial learning scores from the Morris water maze test 16–19 days after operation), and memory abilities(based on the memory scores of the Morris water maze test 20 days after operation) of the enriched environment group improved significantly. In addition, the expression levels of FDNC5 and BDNF proteins in the ipsilateral cerebral cortex increased in the enriched environment group compared with those in the standard housing condition group. Furthermore, the Pearson correlation coefficient showed that neurobehavioral functions were positively associated with the expression levels of FDNC5 and BDNF(r = 0.587 and r = 0.840, respectively). These findings suggest that an enriched environment upregulates FDNC5 protein expression in the ipsilateral cerebral cortex after cerebral ischemia, which then activates BDNF protein expression, improving neurological function. BDNF protein expression was positively correlated with improved neurological function. The experimental protocols were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Fudan University, China(approval Nos. 20160858 A232, 20160860 A234) on February 24, 2016.

OsABT,a Rice WD40 Domain-Containing Protein,Is Involved in Abiotic Stress Tolerance

Plant growth and crop productivity are severely affected by abiotic stress on a global scale.WD40 repeat-containing proteins play a significant role in the development and environmental adaptation of eukaryotes.In this study,OsABT,a stress response gene,was cloned from rice(Oryza sativa L.cv.Nipponbare).OsABT encodes a protein containing seven WD40 domains.Expression analysis revealed that the OsABT gene was first up-regulated and then down-regulated following treatment with abscisic acid(ABA)and NaCl,but was down-regulated when treated with PEG8000.Subcellular localization results showed that OsABT was located in the cytoplasm and nucleus of Arabidopsis roots.OsABT transgenic Arabidopsis showed significantly increased tolerance to ABA and salt stress during plant seedling development.However,the transgenic lines were more sensitive to drought stress.Moreover,OsABT can interact with OsABI2,a component of ABA signaling pathway.These results showed that OsABT plays a positive regulatory role in response to salt stress and a negative role in response to drought stress in Arabidopsis.

SPOC domain-containing protein 1 regulates the proliferation and apoptosis of human spermatogonial stem cells through adenylate kinase 4

BACKGROUND Spermatogonial stem cells(SSCs)are the origin of male spermatogenesis,which can reconstruct germ cell lineage in mice.However,the application of SSCs for male fertility restoration is hindered due to the unclear mechanisms of proliferation and self-renewal in humans.AIM To investigate the role and mechanism of SPOC domain-containing protein 1(SPOCD1)in human SSC proliferation.METHODS We analyzed publicly available human testis single-cell RNA sequencing(RNAseq)data and found that SPOCD1 is predominantly expressed in SSCs in the early developmental stages.Small interfering RNA was applied to suppress SPOCD1 expression to detect the impacts of SPOCD1 inhibition on SSC proliferation and apoptosis.Subsequently,we explored the target genes of SPOCD1 using RNA-seq and confirmed their role by restoring the expression of the target genes.In addition,we examined SPOCD1 expression in some non-obstructive azoospermia(NOA)patients to explore the correlation between SPOCD1 and NOA.RESULTS The uniform manifold approximation and projection clustering and pseudotime analysis showed that SPOCD1 was highly expressed in the early stages of SSC,and immunohistological results showed that SPOCD1 was mainly localized in glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor family receptor alpha-1 positive SSCs.SPOCD1 knockdown significantly inhibited cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis.RNA-seq results showed that SPOCD1 knockdown significantly downregulated genes such as adenylate kinase 4(AK4).Overexpression of AK4 in SPOCD1 knockdown cells partially reversed the phenotypic changes,indicating that AK4 is a functional target gene of SPOCD1.In addition,we found a significant downregulation of SPOCD1 expression in some NOA patients,suggesting that the downregulation of SPOCD1 may be relevant for NOA.CONCLUSION Our study broadens the understanding of human SSC fate determination and may offer new theories on the etiology of male infertility.

E3蛋白泛素连接酶WWP1调控TLR4介导的炎症性肠病炎性聚集中的作用

目的 探讨E3蛋白泛素连接酶WWP1调控TLR4介导的炎症性肠病炎性聚集中的作用及机制。方法 构建髓系细胞中特异性敲除E3蛋白泛素连接酶WWP1基因的小鼠,检测WPP1基因是否被敲除,随后进行分组,分为WWP敲除组(WWP1^(+/+))和WWP未敲除组(WWP1-/-),两组小鼠再分别喂养菊聚糖硫酸钠(DSS)建立炎症性肠病模型(DSS组)和喂养生理盐水(无菌水组),每组小鼠共10只,喂养7 d,每天检测小鼠结肠炎的临床症状,结束后处死小鼠,测量结肠长度,评估小鼠结肠炎损伤情况,Elisa检测小鼠结肠黏膜组织炎性因子IL-6、IL-10、TNF-α水平,采用RT-qPCR和Western blot检测TLR4表达水平。同时使用基因沉默方法敲除RAW 264.7细胞的WWP1基因,使用LPS刺激构建结肠炎症情况下的巨噬细胞环境,检测WWP1+组与WWP1-组细胞中IL-6、IL-10、TNF-α和TLR4、WWP1表达水平。结果 WWP1^(+/+)组和RAW264.7细胞沉默组中WWP1-mRNA表达均明显下调,提示成功敲除WWP1基因。DSS组WWP1-/-小鼠体质量减轻程度明显大于DSS组WWP1^(+/+)小鼠,DSS组WWP1-/-小鼠的DAI值明显大于DSS组WWP1^(+/+)小鼠,DSS组WWP1^(+/+)小鼠结肠长度明显长于DSS组WWP1-/-小鼠;与WWP1-/-相比,WWP1^(+/+)的小鼠组织病理损伤程度更轻,结肠炎的症状更轻,同时小鼠IL-6、TNF-α表达水平明显更低,IL-10表达水平明显更高,炎症损伤程度更轻,RT-qPCR和Western blot检测结肠组织和细胞中TLR4的表达也显示,与WWP1-/-相比,WWP1^(+/+)的小鼠TLR4表达水平明显更低,在细胞株中,WWP1+组TLR4表达水平明显更低(P<0.05)。结论 E3蛋白泛素连接酶WWP1可以对炎症性肠病中炎性聚集起到保护作用,这种保护作用的发挥可能是通过TLR4通路实现的。

Colonic vitamin D receptor expression is inversely associated with disease activity and jumonji domain-containing 3 in active ulcerative colitis

BACKGROUND The expression of jumonji domain-containing 3(Jmjd3)and trimethylated H3 lysine 27(H3K27me3)in active ulcerative colitis(UC)and the correlation between vitamin D receptor(VDR)and the Jmjd3 pathway are unknown.AIM To study the relationship between VDR,Jmjd3 and H3K27me3 in patients with active UC.METHODS One hundred patients with active UC and 56 healthy controls were enrolled in this study.The patients with active UC were divided into groups according to mild(n=29),moderate(n=32)and severe(n=29)disease activity based on the modified Mayo score.Vitamin D levels were measured by radioimmunoassay.Colonic mucosal tissues from UC patients and controls were collected by colonoscopy.The expression of VDR,Jmjd3 and H3K27me3 in the intestinal mucosa was determined by immunohistochemistry staining.RESULTS Patients with active UC had lower levels of serum vitamin D(13.7±2.8 ng/mL,P<0.001)than the controls(16.2±2.5 ng/mL).In the UC cohort,serum vitamin D level was negatively correlated with disease activity(r=-0.323,P=0.001).VDR expression in the mucosa of UC patients was reduced compared to that in normal tissues(P<0.001)and negatively correlated with disease activity(r=-0.868,P<0.001).Similar results for VDR expression were noted in the most serious lesion(defined as UC diseased)and 20 cm proximal to the anus(defined as UC normal)(P<0.05).Simultaneously,Jmjd3 expression significantly increased in UC patients(P<0.001),but no difference was found between the different sites in UC patients.H3K27me3 expression in UC patients was significantly down-regulated when compared with normal tissues(P<0.001),but up-regulated in the mild disease activity group in comparison with the moderate disease activity group of UC patients(P<0.05).Jmjd3 Level was negatively correlated with the level of VDR(r=-0.342,P=0.002)and H3K27me3(r=-0.341,P=0.002),while VDR level was positively correlated with H3K27me3(r=0.473,P<0.001).CONCLUSION Serum vitamin D and VDR were inversely correlated with disease activity in active UC.Jmjd3 expression increased in the colonic mucosa of active UC patients and was negatively associated with VDR and H3K27me3 level.

WWOX suppresses KLF5 expression and breast cancer cell growth

The WW domain-containing oxidoreductase（WWOX） is a tumor suppressor in a variety of cancers, including breast cancer. Reduced WWOX expression is associated with the basal-like subtype and a relatively poor disease-free survival rate among breast cancer patients. Though several WWOX partners have been identified, the functional mechanisms of WWOX＇s role in cancers have not been fully addressed to date. In the current study, we found WWOX suppresses expression of KLF5—an oncogenic transcription factor—at protein level, and suppresses cancer cell proliferation in both bladder and breast cancer cell lines. Furthermore, we demonstrated that WWOX physically interacts with KLF5 via the former＇s WW domains and the latter＇s PY motifs. Interestingly, we found the expression of WWOX negatively correlates with KLF5 expression in a panel of breast cancer cell lines. Taken together, we conjecture that WWOX may suppress cancer cell proliferation partially by reducing the expression of KLF5.

植物乳杆菌WW对高脂血症大鼠体脂的影响

为了研究植物乳杆菌WW(Lactobacillus plantarum WW)对高脂血症大鼠体脂的影响,将32只5周龄雄性SD大鼠随机分为4组:正常对照组(A)喂食基础饲料+无菌水、高脂模型组(B)饲喂高脂饲料+无菌水、脱脂乳对照组(C)饲喂高脂饲料+无菌脱脂乳、菌液干预组(D)饲喂高脂饲料+菌悬液(1×10^(10) CFU/mL),灌胃量为10 mL/kg m_b,12周后测定相关指标。结果显示:4组大鼠肾脏、脾脏和心脏指数差异不显著(P>0.05),而B组和C组肝脏指数显著高于A组和D组(P<0.05),说明L. plantarum WW无毒副作用,并且能够减少脂肪在肝脏的堆积;B组血清和肝脏血脂水平显著高于A组(P<0.05),说明造模成功;与B组相比,D组血清和肝脏各指标水平显著降低(P<0.05),粪便中总胆固醇、甘油三酯和总胆汁酸含量显著升高(P<0.05),说明L. plantarum WW能够促进胆固醇的排泄,进而降低大鼠体内胆固醇。这些结果表明植物乳杆菌WW可能是缓解高脂血症并用于功能性食品的潜在益生菌。

利用WW3模式实现中国海击水概率数值预报

海浪对掠海飞行有着重要影响,以T639预报风场驱动WW3(WAVEWATCH-III)海浪模式,对2013年3月发生在中国海的一次冷空气海浪场进行数值模拟.结合飞行高度探测的标准差、海浪浪高的标准差,进一步实现了击水概率的数值预报,为低空飞行器的航迹规划提供科学依据.主要计算了5m高度、10m高度、15m高度的击水概率,并对比不同飞行高度击水概率的差异.结果表明,以T639预报风场驱动WW3海浪模式,可以较好地预报中国海海浪场、击水概率场.在冷空气影响下,中国海的击水概率出现明显增幅.飞行高度低于10 m时,海浪会对掠海飞行器的安全造成很大威胁.

KLF6和WWOX蛋白在结直肠癌组织中的表达及意义

目的:探讨KLF6和WWOX蛋白在结直肠癌组织中的表达及其临床病理意义.方法:采用免疫组织化学法分别检测40例结直肠癌及40例正常结直肠黏膜组织中KLF6和WWOX蛋白的表达,并分析两者的表达水平与其临床病理因素的关系.结果:结直肠癌组织中的KLF6和WWOX蛋白的阳性表达率明显低于正常结直肠黏膜组织(45.0%vs82.5%;37.5%vs90.0%,均P<0.05),KLF6和WWOX蛋白在结直肠癌组织中的表达呈正相关(r=0.320,P<0.05),并与肿瘤组织的分化程度、淋巴结转移及浸润深度均密切相关(均P<0.05).结论:KLF6和WWOX的低表达可能与结直肠癌的发生、发展及预后有关,联合检测两者对结直肠癌的诊断及预后判断具有重要意义.

食管鳞癌组织中WWOX蛋白的表达及临床意义

目的:研究食管鳞癌组织中含有WW结构域的氧化还原酶(WW domain-containing oxidoreductase,WWOX)蛋白的表达及其与临床病理参数的相关性。方法:采用蛋白质印迹法检测46例食管鳞癌组织及其癌旁正常组织中WWOX蛋白的表达情况。结果:食管鳞癌组织中WWOX蛋白的表达水平明显低于癌旁正常组织(P<0.01)。低分化癌组织较高分化、中分化组织中WWOX的表达量低。有淋巴结转移的组织较无转移的表达低。浸润程度越深,表达越低。WWOX蛋白表达与年龄、性别、肿瘤大小无关(P>0.05)。结论:WWOX蛋白在食管鳞癌组织中低表达,其表达量的高低与食管鳞癌分化程度、浸润深度和有无淋巴结转移有关。作为一种新的抑癌基因,WWOX蛋白的检测可以为食管鳞癌的诊断、治疗及判断预后提供有意义的生物学指标。

Cloning of WWOX Gene and Its Growth-inhibiting Effects on Ovarian Cancer Cells

The growth-inhibiting and apoptosis-inducing effects of WW domain-containing oxidoreductase(WWOX) gene on ovarian cancer cell line A2780 were investigated.The full length cDNA of human WWOX gene was amplified from normal human ovary tissues.The correct cDNA of full length WWOX was subcloned into eukaryocytic expression vector pCMV.After introduction of WWOX gene into cancer cells with liposome,the WWOX mRNA and protein level in the cancer cells were detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) and immunoblotting.The growth activities of cancer cells were detected by Trypan blue staining.The clone formation assay in soft agar was employed to observe the proliferation of the cancer cells.Apoptosis was examined by DNA ladder and acridine orange-ethidium bromide fluorescent staining.The results showed that 72 h after WWOX gene transfection,the WWOX expression was increased significantly(P<0.01).The growth of ovarian cancer cells was decreased by 16.41% to 38.49%(P<0.01).The clone formation abilities were reduced(P<0.01).Some cancer cells presented the characteristic morphological changes of apoptosis with obvious ladder bands on electrophoresis.The apoptosis rate was(20.7±6.0)%(P<0.01).It was concluded that over-expression of WWOX gene could induce apoptosis and inhibit the growth of ovarian cancer cells,which might be potentially useful in the gene therapy of ovarian cancers.

WWOX基因转染对胆管癌细胞增殖、凋亡及侵袭的影响

目的:探讨WWOX基因转染胆管癌细胞株QBC939后对其增殖、凋亡与侵袭性的影响.方法:用脂质体转染法将WWOX重组真核表达质粒转染QBC939细胞,建立稳定表达WWOX基因的细胞株.将其分为以下3组:QBC939组,QBC939/con组和QBC939/WWOX组.荧光定量RT-PCR和Westernblot法检测各组WWOXmRNA和蛋白水平的表达;MTT实验检测转染前后各组细胞增殖活性的变化;FCM法检测各组细胞的凋亡;Transwell小室侵袭实验检测各组肿瘤细胞侵袭力的变化.结果:建立了稳定表达WWOX基因的QBC939/WWOX细胞株,WWOXmRNA和蛋白的表达增加[3.71(3.64-3.78)vs1.00(0.98-1.02),1.07(1.02-1.13);0.86±0.03vs0.25±0.01,0.27±0.02,均P<0.05],转染后的QBC939细胞MTT吸光度明显下降(0.63±0.04vs0.90±0.05,0.87±0.04,均P<0.01),FCM显示QBC939/WWOX组的细胞凋亡率明显增高(21.4%±2.35%vs1.24%±0.35%,1.73%±0.48%,均P<0.01),侵袭实验显示转移至下室滤膜的细胞数明显减少(70.00±4.58vs102.33±8.33,107.00±9.00,均P<0.01).结论:WWOX基因能抑制胆管癌细胞株QBC939的增殖,加速肿瘤细胞凋亡并降低其侵袭力,可能作为胆管癌基因治疗的一个新靶点.

非小细胞肺癌组织中WWOX蛋白表达及意义

目的观察非小细胞肺癌中包含氧化还原酶的ww域(WWOX)蛋白的表达,探讨其与临床病理参数的关系。方法采用免疫组化法检测79例非小细胞肺癌组织以及30例癌旁组织中WWOX蛋白,并分析其与非小细胞肺癌各临床病理参数的关系。结果WWOX蛋白在非小细胞肺癌组织的阳性率为16.4%(13/79),较癌旁肺组织的90%(27/30)显著减低(P<0.05)。WWOX蛋白表达与是否有淋巴结转移显著相关(P<0.01)。结论WWOX蛋白表达在肺癌组织中表达减少或缺失,可能与肺癌的发生发展有关。