Timing Error Aware Register Allocation in TS

Timing speculative(TS)architecture is promising for improving the energy efficiency of microprocessors.Error recovery units,designed for tolerating occasional timing errors,have been used to support a wider range of voltage scaling,therefore to achieve a better energy efficiency.More specifically,the timing error rate,influenced mainly by data forwarding,is the bottleneck for voltage down-scaling in TS processors.In this paper,a new Timing Error Aware Register Allocation method is proposed.First,we designed the Dependency aware Interference Graph(DIG)construction to get the information of Read after Write(RAW)in programs.To build the construction,we get the disassemble code as input and suppose that there are unlimited registers,the same way as so-called virtual registers in many compilers.Then we change the disassemble codes to the SSA form for each basic block to make sure the registers are defined only once.Based on the DIG construction,registers were real-located to eliminate the timing error,by loosening the RAW dependencies.We con-struct the DIG for each function of the program and sort the edge of DIG by an increasing weight order.Since a smaller weighted-edge value means that its owner nodes have more frequent access in instruction flows,we expect it in different registers with no read-write dependency.At the same time,we make sure that there are no additional new spill codes emerging in our algorithm to minimize the rate of spill code.A high rate of spill code will not only decrease the performance of the system but also increase the unexpected read-write dependency.Next,we reallocate the reg-isters by weight order in turn to loosen the RAW dependencies.Furthermore,we use the NOP operation to pad the instructions with a minimal distance value of 2.Experiment results showed that the average distance of RAW dependencies was increased by over 20%.

Parameter allocation of parallel array bistable stochastic resonance and its application in communication systems

In this paper, we propose a parameter allocation scheme in a parallel array bistable stochastic resonance-based communication system(P-BSR-CS) to improve the performance of weak binary pulse amplitude modulated(BPAM) signal transmissions. The optimal parameter allocation policy of the P-BSR-CS is provided to minimize the bit error rate(BER)and maximize the channel capacity(CC) under the adiabatic approximation condition. On this basis, we further derive the best parameter selection theorem in realistic communication scenarios via variable transformation. Specifically, the P-BSR structure design not only brings the robustness of parameter selection optimization, where the optimal parameter pair is not fixed but variable in quite a wide range, but also produces outstanding system performance. Theoretical analysis and simulation results indicate that in the P-BSR-CS the proposed parameter allocation scheme yields considerable performance improvement, particularly in very low signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) environments.

Resource allocation for cooperative diversity systems based on quadrature modulation

To improve the error performance and the resource utilization of cooperative systems, the optimum resource allocation, i.e., power allocation and partner choice, for an adaptive decode-and-forward （DF） cooperative diversity system based on quadrature modulation is investigated. The closed-form expression of the bit error rate （BER） system performance is derived and an optimal power allocation （OPA） algorithm is proposed to optimize the power allocation between the local and relayed signals under the minimum BER criterion. Based on the OPA algorithm, a partner choice strategy is proposed to determine the partner locations specified by various cooperation gains. Simulation results show that the proposed resource optimization algorithms are superior to the unoptimized algorithms by significantly reducing the BER and improving the cooperative gain, which is useful to simplify the practical partner choice process.

SER analysis and power allocation for hybrid cooperative transmission system

The symbol-error-rate（SER） and power allocation for hybrid cooperative（HC） transmission system are investigated.Closed-form SER expression is derived by using the moment generating function（MGF）-based approach.However,the resultant SER contains an MGF of the harmonic mean of two independent random variables（RVs）,which is not tractable in SER analysis.We present a simple MGF expression of the harmonic mean of two independent RVs which avoids the hypergeometric functions used commonly in previous studies.Using the simple MGF,closed-form SER for HC system with M-ary phase shift keying（M-PSK） signals is provided.Further,an approximation as well as an upper bound of the SER is presented.It is shown that the SER approximation is asymptotically tight.Based on the tight SER approximation,the power allocation of the HC system is investigated.It is shown that the optimal power allocation does not depend on the fading parameters of the source-destination（SD） channel and it only depends on the source-relay（SR） and relay-destination（RD） channels.Moreover,the performance gain of the power allocation depends on the ratio of the channel quality between RD and SR.With the increase of this ratio,more performance gain can be acquired.

Joint channel and power allocation scheme for cognitive wireless networks

Cognitive radio （CR） is a promising technology deemed to improve the efficiency of spectrum utilization. This paper considers a spectrum underlay cognitive radio network, in which the cognitive users （CUs） are allowed to use the radio spectrum concurrently with the primary users （PUs） under the interference temperature constraint. We investigate the system performance by using the proposed joint channel and power allocation scheme under two transmit strategies to achieve higher data rates and performance diversity gain respectively. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme provides a significant improvement on the bit error rate （BER） performance and spectrum efficiency of a cognitive wireless network.

Performance of Cross-Layer Design with Power Allocation in Space-Time Coded MIMO Systems

A cross-layer design(CLD)scheme with combination of power allocation,adaptive modulation(AM)and automatic repeat request(ARQ)is presented for space-time coded MIMO system under imperfect feedback,and the corresponding system performance is investigated in a Rayleigh fading channel.Based on imperfect feedback information,a suboptimal power allocation(PA)scheme is derived to maximize the average spectral efficiency(SE)of the system.The scheme is based on a so-called compressed SNR criterion,and has a closed-form expression for positive power allocation,thus being computationally efficient.Moreover,it can improve SE of the presented CLD.Besides,due to better approximation,it obtains the performance close to the existing optimal approach which requires numerical search.Simulation results show that the proposed CLD with PA can achieve higher SE than the conventional CLD with equal power allocation scheme,and has almost the same performance as CLD with optimal PA.However,it has lower calculation complexity.

Memory Safety Based on Probabilistic Memory Allocation

Some unsafe languages,like C and C++,let programmers maximize performance but are vulnerable to memory errors which can lead to program crashes and unpredictable behavior.Aiming to solve the problem,traditional memory allocating strategy is improved and a new probabilistic memory allocation technology is presented.By combining random memory allocating algorithm and virtual memory,memory errors are avoided in all probability during software executing.By replacing default memory allocator to manage allocation of heap memory,buffer overflows and dangling pointers are prevented.Experiments show it is better than Diehard of the following aspects:memory errors prevention,performance in memory allocation set and ability of controlling working set.So probabilistic memory allocation is a valid memory errors prevention technology and it can tolerate memory errors and provide probabilistic memory safety effectively.

OPTIMAL POWER ALLOCATION WITH AF AND SDF STRATEGIES IN DUAL-HOP COOPERATIVE MIMO NETWORKS

Dual-hop cooperative Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) network with multi-relay cooperative communication is introduced. Power allocation problem with Amplify-and-Forward (AF) and Selective Decode-and-Forward (SDF) strategies in multi-node scenario are formulated and solved respectively. Optimal power allocation schemes that maximize system capacity with AF strategy are presented. In addition, optimal power allocation methods that minimize asymptotic Symbol Error Rate (SER) with SDF cooperative protocol in multi-node scenario are also proposed. Furthermore, performance comparisons are provided in terms of system capacity and approximate SER. Numerical and simulation results confirm our theoretical analysis. It is revealed that, maximum system capacity could be obtained when powers are allocated optimally with AF protocol, while minimization of system's SER could also be achieved with optimum power allocation in SDF strategy. In multi-node scenario, those optimal power allocation algorithms are superior to conventional equal power allocation schemes.

Energy Efficient Power Allocation Scheme for Distributed Antenna Systems with Target BER Constraint

The energy efficiency(EE) of distributed antenna system with quality of service(Qo S) requirement is investigated over composite Rayleigh fading channel,where the shadow fading,path loss and Rayleigh fading are all considered. Our aim is to maximize the EE which is defined as the ratio of the transmission rate to the total consumed power subject to the maximum transmit power of each remote antenna constraint and Qo S(target BER) requirement. According to the definition of EE and using the upper bound of average EE,the optimized objective function is provided. Based on this,utilizing Karush-KuhnTucker conditions and numerical calculation,a suboptimal energy efficient power allocation(PA) scheme is developed,and the closedform expression of PA coefficients is derived. The scheme may obtain the EE performance close to the existing optimal scheme. Moreover,it has relatively lower complexity than the existing scheme because only the statistic channel information and less iteration are required. Simulation results show the presented scheme is valid and can meet the target BER requirement,and the EE can be increased as target BER requirement decreases.

基于硬件损伤的认知反向散射通信网络鲁棒安全资源分配算法

为了提高反向散射通信网络频谱效率、传输鲁棒性及信息安全性,该文提出一种基于硬件损伤的认知反向散射通信网络鲁棒安全资源分配算法。首先,考虑认知反向散射用户的最小安全速率、传输时间、能量收集和反射系数等约束,基于有界信道不确定性和频谱感知误差模型,建立一个多变量耦合的吞吐量最大化非凸资源分配问题。其次,利用最坏准则、连续凸近似和交替优化方法,将原问题转换为凸优化问题,并提出一种基于迭代的鲁棒资源分配算法。仿真结果表明,与现有算法对比,所提算法具有较好的鲁棒性。

邵伯湖出入湖水量平衡计算及影响因素分析

梳理邵伯湖水系、水利工程、湖泊地形、区域用水特点等情况,研究邵伯湖湖体水量交换的各水文要素和影响因素,建立邵伯湖水量平衡分析计算模型。选择区域基础用水的代表性较好及计算要素监测采集分析影响因素较少的时期开展邵伯湖环湖同步水文测验,反映邵伯湖水量平衡状况,基于模型和要素监测可以反向推算出邵伯湖区间用水量,为区域水资源利用与优化配置提供参考。

某调水泵站流量优化分配方案的敏感性分析

针对调水泵站在提水过程中流量监测误差导致的流量优化分配方案可靠性和实用性不足的问题,基于粒子群算法构建泵站流量优化分配模型,揭示泵站开机台数和整体效率对流量监测误差的响应规律,并识别最优开机台数敏感区域,以指导泵站现地实时控制。以珠三角水资源配置工程鲤鱼洲泵站为例进行分析,结果表明:泵站最优开机台数敏感区域主要集中在开机台数调整过渡区间;流量监测误差一定时,最优开机台数敏感区域随流量增大而扩大,且开机台数敏感区域占比与流量监测误差绝对值呈正相关;流量监测误差导致泵站效率变幅集中在2%以内。因此,在制定泵站开机方案时,鉴于开机台数调整过渡区间处工况对流量监测误差较为敏感,故需特别关注相应工况处的流量监测误差,以减少非必要机组调控。

基于Kent映射的数字集群动态负载均衡算法研究

由于动态负载均衡是保证数字集群系统正常运行中不可缺少的环节,但其在控制过程中存在易受通信故障等因素的干扰问题,为此提出基于Kent映射的数字集群动态负载均衡算法。通过基于云平台的虚拟机系统采集数字集群的节点连接数、响应时间、动态负载等信息,分析数字集群系统的负载情况。其次构建数字集群资源利用率模型,通过基于Kent映射的灰狼算法对模型求解得到数字集群的资源利用率。最后将资源利用率输入LQR(Linear Quadratic Regulator)控制回路器中,通过控制服务器的迁移实现数字集群的动态负载均衡。实验结果表明,所提算法处理后的数字集群响应时间短、适应度值大、容错能力强。

基于目标量测误差分布的航迹抗差关联算法

针对在远距离密集目标情况下,因角度维误差导致目标空间定位误差变大而航迹误关联率较高的问题,提出一种基于目标量测误差分布的航迹抗差关联算法。首先在分析目标量测误差空间概率分布特征的基础上,定义了与目标同一性密切相关的视同因子;然后利用关联目标对与雷达之间的几何关系、目标量测距离和雷达站址等先验信息,基于模糊数学理论中的高斯隶属度函数,计算得到目标航迹之间的航迹关联度和航迹关联代价矩阵;最后利用经典分配法进行航迹关联判定。仿真结果表明,所提算法航迹误关联率低、抗差性好,且不受目标数目变化的影响。

基于图注意力网络的无线信道功率资源优化分配

为更好地优化无线自组织网络中的节点发射功率,进一步提升网络总体吞吐量,文章提出一种基于图神经网络理论的发射功率分配算法。该算法以“展开加权最小均方误差”迭代算法为总体框架,在迭代结构中引入“图注意力网络”模型,通过无监督学习机制对特定参数进行训练,在保持良好优化性能的同时加快算法收敛。仿真结果表明,文章提出的功率优化分配算法可在达到优于同类算法性能的前提下,显著降低计算复杂度。

6S管理模式联合PDCA循环管理法对门诊药房调配差错率及管理质量的影响

目的 探讨6S管理模式联合PDCA循环管理法对门诊药房调配差错率及管理质量的影响。方法 选取2021年1月~12月门诊药房的1 000张处方单作为对照组,采取常规管理模式,另选2022年1月~12月门诊药房的1 000张处方单作为观察组,采取6S管理模式联合PDCA循环管理法,对两组调配差错率及管理质量进行比较。结果 观察组药框取错、数量错误、药品错误、剂量错误等调配差错总发生率明显低于对照组(P <0.05);观察组药房环境、药物保存、药剂师培训、药品归纳分类各项药房管理质量评分较对照组高(P<0.05);观察组药房平均候药时间、处方平均调配时间、患者满意度评分与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05);两组失效药品种、滞销药损耗金额相比,观察组更少(P <0.05)。结论 6S管理模式联合PDCA循环管理法可降低门诊药房调配差错率,提高管理质量与工作效率,也能提高患者满意度,还可减少药品损耗。

港湾机位运行仿真研究

机场机位资源是民航业中至关重要的,相比于传统机位来说,港湾机坪可以拥有更多的机位,但港湾机位的缺点也较为明显,机位平均面积较小,进出过程不便,因此,港湾机位的运行策略相较于传统机位更加复杂。本文将得出的推出策略转化为约束条件整合带入基于绩效的机位分配模型中,通过计算各机位的时间效率指数与面积效率指数从而进行优化求解,提高港湾机位的运行安全与机场效益。

Estimation of Tree Biomass,Carbon Stocks,and Error Propagation in Mecrusse Woodlands

We performed a biomass inventory using two-phase sampling to estimate biomass and carbon stocks for mecrusse woodlands and to quantify errors in the estimates. The first sampling phase involved measurement of auxiliary variables of living Androstachys johnsonii trees;in the second phase, we performed destructive biomass measurements on a randomly selected subset of trees from the first phase. The second-phase data were used to fit regression models to estimate below and aboveground biomass. These models were then applied to the first-phase data to estimate biomass stock. The estimated forest biomass and carbon stocks were 167.05 and 82.73 Mg·ha-1, respectively. The percent error resulting from plot selection and allometric equations for whole tree biomass stock was 4.55% and 1.53%, respectively, yielding a total error of 4.80%. Among individual variables in the first sampling phase, diameter at breast height (DBH) measurement was the largest source of error, and tree-height estimates contributed substantially to the error. Almost none of the error was attributable to plot variability. For the second sampling phase, DBH measurements were the largest source of error, followed by height measurements and stem-wood density estimates. Of the total error (as total variance) of the sampling process, 90% was attributed to plot selection and 10% to the allometric biomass model. The total error of our measurements was very low, which indicated that the two-phase sampling approach and sample size were effective for capturing and predicting biomass of this forest type.

精益化管理对静配中心药品配制的价值研析

目的评估静配中心药品配制中精益化管理的作用。方法选取2022年1月—2023年1月泰安市妇幼保健院药剂科32名调配人员为研究对象,抽签分为精益组和参考组,每组16名,前者行精益化管理,后者行常态化管理。统计药品调配差错事件发生率(调查对象为各组别调配的200张处方),评估调配人员调配技能,调查管理满意度。结果精益组审核差错率、调配差错率、摆放差错率、标签差错率和包装差错率均低于参考组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);管理后两组研究对象调配技能分值均上升,精益组得分高于参考组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);精益组管理满意度为93.75%高于参考组的56.25%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论精益化管理能规避调配不良事件发生,增强个人技能,提高静配中心管理质量,确保静脉用药安全性。

基于可见光的通信定位一体化技术研究

可见光无线技术通过可见光传递信息,利用发光二极管(LED)光源在照明的同时实现通信和定位。可见光通信定位一体化(VLCP)技术是未来大规模物联网(IoT)应用的关键支撑技术之一。采用正交频分复用(OFDM)技术可将不同的频谱资源分别分配给可见光通信(VLC)和可见光定位(VLP)系统,同时实现通信和定位功能。资源分配是提升VLCP系统效率、拓展VLCP系统适用范围的关键所在。提出了一种基于误差矢量幅度(EVM)的新型资源分配方法,利用EVM分配VLCP系统中用于定位和通信的子载波,依据信道参数动态调整通信与定位性能,保证系统服务质量(QoS),提升系统信道利用率。实验结果表明,在1.5 m×1.5 m×1.5 m的室内环境下,提出的资源分配算法比固定资源分配算法至少可提高19.5%的信道利用率,在与采用信噪比(SNR)进行资源分配的算法性能相当的前提下,可大大节省系统资源,易于实际应用。