Common Fixed Point Theorems for Compatible and Weakly Compatible Maps in G-Metric Spaces

In this paper first we prove common fixed point theorems for compatible and weakly compatible maps. Secondly, we prove common fixed point theorems for weakly compatible maps along with property (E.A.) and (CLRg) property respectively.

Common Fixed Point Theorems for Weakly Compatible Mappings in Fuzzy Metric Spaces Using (JCLR) Property

In this paper, we prove a common fixed point theorem for a pair of weakly compatible mappings in fuzzy metric space using the joint common limit in the range property of mappings called (JCLR) property. An example is also furnished which demonstrates the validity of main result. We also extend our main result to two finite families of self mappings. Our results improve and generalize results of Cho et al. [Y. J. Cho, S. Sedghi and N. Shobe, “Generalized fixed point theorems for compatible mappings with some types in fuzzy metric spaces,” Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Vol. 39, No. 5, 2009, pp. 2233-2244.] and several known results existing in the literature.

Common Fixed Point Results for Occasionally Weakly Compatible Maps in G-Symmetric Spaces

The notion of a G-symmetric space is introduced and the common fixed points for some pairs of occasionally weakly compatible maps satisfying some contractive conditions in a G-symmetric space are proved. The results extend and improve some results in literature.

A Common Fixed Point Theorem for Weakly Compatible Mappingsin Fuzzy Semi-Metric Space

In this paper, we establish a common fixed pointtheorem for three pairs of self-mappings in fuzzy semi-metric space which improves and extends similar known results in the literature.

Coincidence and Common Fixed Point of Weakly Compatible Maps in Fuzzy Metric Space

The aim of this paper is to establish some new common fixed point theorems for generalized contractive maps in fuzzy metric space by using property (E.A.), common property (E.A.), JCLRST property and CLRS property. Our results improve and extend the results of Chauhan et al. [1] and Sedghi et al. [2] besides several known results. We also furnish an illustrative example in support of our results.

Ultrahigh-brightness 50 MeV electron beam generation from laser wakefield acceleration in a weakly nonlinear regime

We propose an efficient scheme to produce ultrahigh-brightness tens of MeV electron beams by designing a density-tailored plasma to induce a wakefield in the weakly nonlinear regime with a moderate laser energy of 120 mJ.In this scheme,the second bucket of the wakefield can have a much lower phase velocity at the steep plasma density down-ramp than the first bucket and can be exploited to implement longitudinal electron injection at a lower laser intensity,leading to the generation of bright electron beams with ultralow emittance together with low energy spread.Three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations are carried out and demonstrate that high-quality electron beams with a peak energy of 50 MeV,ultralow emittance of28 nm rad,energy spread of 1%,charge of 4.4 pC,and short duration less than 5 fs can be obtained within a 1-mm-long tailored plasma density,resulting in an ultrahigh six-dimensional brightness B6D,n of2×1017 A/m2/0.1%.By changing the density parameters,tunable bright electron beams with peak energies ranging from 5 to 70 MeV,a small emittance of B0.1 mm mrad,and a low energy spread at a few-percent level can be obtained.These bright MeV-class electron beams have a variety of potential applications,for example,as ultrafast electron probes for diffraction and imaging,in laboratory astrophysics,in coherent radiation source generation,and as injectors for GeV particle accelerators.

Local saliency consistency-based label inference for weakly supervised salient object detection using scribble annotations

Recently,weak supervision has received growing attention in the field of salient object detection due to the convenience of labelling.However,there is a large performance gap between weakly supervised and fully supervised salient object detectors because the scribble annotation can only provide very limited foreground/background information.Therefore,an intuitive idea is to infer annotations that cover more complete object and background regions for training.To this end,a label inference strategy is proposed based on the assumption that pixels with similar colours and close positions should have consistent labels.Specifically,k-means clustering algorithm was first performed on both colours and coordinates of original annotations,and then assigned the same labels to points having similar colours with colour cluster centres and near coordinate cluster centres.Next,the same annotations for pixels with similar colours within each kernel neighbourhood was set further.Extensive experiments on six benchmarks demonstrate that our method can significantly improve the performance and achieve the state-of-the-art results.

Negative Stiffness Mechanism on An Asymmetric Wave Energy Converter by Using A Weakly Nonlinear Potential Model

Salter's duck,an asymmetrical wave energy converter(WEC)device,showed high efficiency in extracting energy from 2D regular waves in the past;yet,challenges remain for fluctuating wave conditions.These can potentially be addressed by adopting a negative stiffness mechanism(NSM)in WEC devices to enhance system efficiency,even in highly nonlinear and steep 3D waves.A weakly nonlinear model was developed which incorporated a nonlinear restoring moment and NSM into the linear formulations and was applied to an asymmetric WEC using a time domain potential flow model.The model was initially validated by comparing it with published experimental and numerical computational fluid dynamics results.The current results were in good agreement with the published results.It was found that the energy extraction increased in the range of 6%to 17%during the evaluation of the effectiveness of the NSM in regular waves.Under irregular wave conditions,specifically at the design wave conditions for the selected test site,the energy extraction increased by 2.4%,with annual energy production increments of approximately 0.8MWh.The findings highlight the potential of NSM in enhancing the performance of asymmetric WEC devices,indicating more efficient energy extraction under various wave conditions.

Enhancing lead-free photovoltaic performance:Minimizing buried surface voids in tin perovskite films through weakly polar solvent pre-treatment strategy

Buried interfacial voids have always been a notorious phenomenon observed in the fabrication of lead perovskite films. The existence of interfacial voids at the buried interface will capture the carrier, suppress carrier transport efficiencies, and affect the stability of photovoltaic devices. However, the impact of these buried interfacial voids on tin perovskites, a promising avenue for advancing lead-free photovoltaics, has been largely overlooked. Here, we utilize an innovative weakly polar solvent pretreatment strategy(WPSPS) to mitigate buried interfacial voids of tin perovskites. Our investigation reveals the presence of numerous voids in tin perovskites during annealing, attributed to trapped dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO) used in film formation. The WPSPS method facilitates accelerated DMSO evaporation, effectively reducing residual DMSO. Interestingly, the WPSPS shifts the energy level of PEDOT:PSS downward, making it more aligned with the perovskite. This alignment enhances the efficiency of charge carrier transport. As the result, tin perovskite film quality is significantly improved,achieving a maximum power conversion efficiency approaching 12% with only an 8.3% efficiency loss after 1700 h of stability tests, which compares well with the state-of-the-art stability of tin-based perovskite solar cells.

Macro-micro behaviors and failure mechanism of frozen weakly cemented mudstone

Understanding the mechanical properties and multiscale failure mechanism of frozen soft rock is an important prerequisite for the construction safety of tunnels,artificially frozen ground and other infrastructure in cold regions.In this study,the triaxial compression test are performed on mudstone in the weakly cemented soft rock strata in the mining area of western China,and the mechanical characteristics and failure mechanism of weakly cemented mudstone are systematically investigated under the combined action of freezing and loading.Furthermore,the quantitative relationship between the microstructural parameters and the macroscopic strength and deformation parameters is established based on fractal theory.Thus,the failure mechanism of frozen weakly cemented mudstone is revealed on both micro- and macro-scales.The results show that temperature and confining pressure significantly affects the elastic modulus and peak strength of weakly cemented mudstone.With decreasing temperature,the compressive strength increases,while the corresponding peak strain decreases gradually.On the deformation curve,the plastic deformation stage is shortened,and the brittle fracture feature at the post-peak stage is more prominent,and the elastic modulus correspondingly increases with decreasing temperature.Under low-temperature conditions,most of the weakly cemented mudstone undergoes microscopic shear failure along the main fracture surface.The micro-fracture morphology characteristics of weakly cemented mudstone under different temperatures are quantified via the fractal dimension,and an approximately exponential relationship can be obtained among the fractal dimension and the temperature,compressive strength and elastic modulus.

Weakly Supervised Network with Scribble-Supervised and Edge-Mask for Road Extraction from High-Resolution Remote Sensing Images

Significant advancements have been achieved in road surface extraction based on high-resolution remote sensingimage processing. Most current methods rely on fully supervised learning, which necessitates enormous humaneffort to label the image. Within this field, other research endeavors utilize weakly supervised methods. Theseapproaches aim to reduce the expenses associated with annotation by leveraging sparsely annotated data, such asscribbles. This paper presents a novel technique called a weakly supervised network using scribble-supervised andedge-mask (WSSE-net). This network is a three-branch network architecture, whereby each branch is equippedwith a distinct decoder module dedicated to road extraction tasks. One of the branches is dedicated to generatingedge masks using edge detection algorithms and optimizing road edge details. The other two branches supervise themodel’s training by employing scribble labels and spreading scribble information throughout the image. To addressthe historical flaw that created pseudo-labels that are not updated with network training, we use mixup to blendprediction results dynamically and continually update new pseudo-labels to steer network training. Our solutiondemonstrates efficient operation by simultaneously considering both edge-mask aid and dynamic pseudo-labelsupport. The studies are conducted on three separate road datasets, which consist primarily of high-resolutionremote-sensing satellite photos and drone images. The experimental findings suggest that our methodologyperforms better than advanced scribble-supervised approaches and specific traditional fully supervised methods.

Coupled Fixed Point Theorem for Weakly Compatible Mappings in Menger Spaces

In this paper, first, we introduce the notion of weakly compatible maps for coupled maps and then prove a coupled fixed point theorem under more general t-norm(H-type norm) in Menger spaces. We support our theorem by providing a suitable example. At the end, we obtain an application.

Influence of confined water on the limit support pressure of tunnel face in weakly water-rich strata

In the process of shield tunneling through soft soil layers,the presence of confined water ahead poses a significant threat to the stability of the tunnel face.Therefore,it is crucial to consider the impact of confined water on the limit support pressure of the tunnel face.This study employed the finite element method(FEM)to analyze the limit support pressure of shield tunnel face instability within a pressurized water-containing layer.Subsequently,a multiple linear regression approach was applied to derive a concise solution formula for the limit support pressure,incorporating various influencing factors.The analysis yields the following conclusions:1)The influence of confined water on the instability mode of the tunnel face in soft soil layers makes the displacement response of the strata not significant when the face is unstable;2)The limit support pressure increases approximately linearly with the pressure head,shield tunnel diameter,and tunnel burial depth.And inversely proportional to the thickness of the impermeable layer,soil cohesion and internal friction angle;3)Through an engineering case study analysis,the results align well with those obtained from traditional theoretical methods,thereby validating the rationality of the equations proposed in this paper.Furthermore,the proposed equations overcome the limitation of traditional theoretical approaches considering the influence of changes in impermeable layer thickness.It can accurately depict the dynamic variation in the required limit support pressure to maintain the stability of the tunnel face during shield tunneling,thus better reflecting engineering reality.

A New Class of Simple,General and Efficient Finite Volume Schemes for Overdetermined Thermodynamically Compatible Hyperbolic Systems

In this paper,a new efficient,and at the same time,very simple and general class of thermodynamically compatiblefinite volume schemes is introduced for the discretization of nonlinear,overdetermined,and thermodynamically compatiblefirst-order hyperbolic systems.By construction,the proposed semi-discrete method satisfies an entropy inequality and is nonlinearly stable in the energy norm.A very peculiar feature of our approach is that entropy is discretized directly,while total energy conservation is achieved as a mere consequence of the thermodynamically compatible discretization.The new schemes can be applied to a very general class of nonlinear systems of hyperbolic PDEs,including both,conservative and non-conservative products,as well as potentially stiff algebraic relaxation source terms,provided that the underlying system is overdetermined and therefore satisfies an additional extra conservation law,such as the conservation of total energy density.The proposed family offinite volume schemes is based on the seminal work of Abgrall[1],where for thefirst time a completely general methodology for the design of thermodynamically compatible numerical methods for overdetermined hyperbolic PDE was presented.We apply our new approach to three particular thermodynamically compatible systems:the equations of ideal magnetohydrodynamics(MHD)with thermodynamically compatible generalized Lagrangian multiplier(GLM)divergence cleaning,the unifiedfirst-order hyperbolic model of continuum mechanics proposed by Godunov,Peshkov,and Romenski(GPR model)and thefirst-order hyperbolic model for turbulent shallow waterflows of Gavrilyuk et al.In addition to formal mathematical proofs of the properties of our newfinite volume schemes,we also present a large set of numerical results in order to show their potential,efficiency,and practical applicability.

硫醇吸附挥发性有机气体(VOCs)的气敏机理

化学电阻气体传感器对于空气质量、食品检测和人体呼吸有着重要作用.传感器上修饰物硫醇与待测的VOCs之间吸附的气敏机理分析是选择硫醇、预测吸附能力与特异性的重要手段.本文选取了11-巯基-1-十一醇(MUD)和4-甲氧基苄硫醇(MTT)两种常见的硫醇与六种典型的VOCs(乙醇ETN、异丙醇IPA、丙酮ACN、正己烷HXN、甲苯TLN、苯甲醛BND),基于密度泛函理论(DFT),计算其表面静电势(ESP)并建立气体吸附模型.在气体吸附模型的基础上计算其吸附能,并分析其弱相互作用,从微观角度解释气体吸附的作用机理.实验结果表明,具有羟基的MUD分子对同样有羟基的气体(如ETN、IPA)能够以氢键的方式吸附,具有较强的选择效果;具有苯环的MTT分子与具有苯环结构的气体分子(如TLN、BND)吸附时会在苯环之间形成π-π堆积,基于色散作用进行吸附,这表明MTT分子对具有苯环结构的气体有着较强的吸附作用.研究发现其色散作用吸附的强弱与分子的表面ESP绝对值有关.本文对于传感器表面修饰物吸附气体的气敏机理进行了探究,并对表面修饰物的选择和实验结果预测提供了理论指导.

基于物联网和弱反射光栅阵列的地质灾害监测系统设计与应用

我国是世界上地质灾害类型最多、地质灾害最严重的国家之一,而雨量监测和形变监测在地质灾害监测中发挥着越来越重要的作用,因此确保地质灾害监测系统的长期运行以及在降雨期间的稳定运行尤为重要。文中基于STM32微控制器、LORA模块、4G模块设计了一款物联网数据采集控制板,并结合压电式雨量传感器、拉绳位移传感器研制了雨量智能监测仪、裂缝位移智能监测仪;结合物联网数据采集控制板和弱反射光栅阵列传感技术构建了基于物联网的弱反射光栅地质灾害监测系统,实现了对地质灾害体的定时监测和降雨期间的自动监测;最后将雨量智能监测仪、裂缝位移智能监测仪和弱反射光栅地质灾害监测系统应用于桐梓县大河镇新场火车站新场滑坡、崩塌的监测实验中。监测数据表明,弱反射光栅监测系统测得传感光缆41#弱反射光栅传感段的位移变化达5 mm,在其附近的位移监测仪也测到有位移变化,可有效实现对地质灾害的定时监测和降雨期间的自动监测。

栽培模式及生态条件对弱筋小麦籽粒品质的影响

为研究不同栽培模式及生态条件对弱筋小麦籽粒品质的影响,以8个扬麦系列和宁麦系列弱筋小麦品种及2个中筋小麦品种为材料,分析参试小麦品种在不同栽培模式及生态条件下籽粒容重、蛋白质含量及淀粉含量的稳定性及差异性。结果表明,小麦籽粒品质既受品种遗传因素的控制,也受栽培模式及生态条件的影响。在弱筋小麦优质栽培模式[基本苗2.40×10^(6)株·hm^(-2),施用纯氮180 kg·hm^(-2),磷、钾肥以基苗肥为主,氮肥运筹按基肥∶苗肥∶拔节肥(倒3.5叶前)=7∶1∶2],弱筋小麦籽粒蛋白质含量较低,容重大,淀粉品质较高,中筋品种扬麦25和扬麦28也能够达到优质弱筋的要求。在中筋小麦高产栽培模式(基本苗1.80×10^(6)·hm^(-2),施用纯氮240 kg·hm^(-2),磷、钾肥以基苗肥为主,氮肥运筹按基肥∶苗肥∶拔节孕穗肥=5∶2∶3)下,参试品种籽粒蛋白质含量均较高,多数品种不能达到弱筋小麦的标准。要保证弱筋小麦品质,应选择适宜良种,在常规大田栽培措施的基础上,采用第一种栽培模式,并根据当地当年气候生态条件作适当调整。

高产多抗弱筋小麦新品系扬18465标记辅助育种途径分析

长江中下游麦区是中国最大的弱筋小麦优势产区。由于该麦区小麦生长中后期多雨潮湿,赤霉病和白粉病重发、频发,赤霉病还导致籽粒DON毒素增加,冷冬年份苗期易发生黄花叶病,给粮食和食品安全带来双重挑战。扬麦15是21世纪初育成的高产弱筋小麦品种,但综合抗病性较弱。为保持扬麦15弱筋品质并提高抗性,本课题组以扬麦15为轮回亲本,以兼抗白粉病、黄花叶病的软质小麦种质92R137和中抗赤霉病的高产弱筋小麦品种宁麦9号为供体亲本,构建回交聚合群体;低世代利用分子标记辅助选择将抗白粉病基因Pm21和抗黄花叶病主效位点QYm.nau-2D进行基因聚合,高世代进行赤霉病抗性、品质和产量鉴定,最终育成兼抗赤霉病、白粉病和黄花叶病的高产弱筋小麦新品系扬18465,并进入长江中下游小麦国家区试。扬18465所采用的回交、聚合抗性基因的育种路线可为同类品种的选育提供参考。

Magneto‑Dielectric Synergy and Multiscale Hierarchical Structure Design Enable Flexible Multipurpose Microwave Absorption and Infrared Stealth Compatibility

Developing advanced stealth devices to cope with radar-infrared(IR)fusion detection and diverse application scenarios is increasingly demanded,which faces significant challenges due to conflicting microwave and IR cloaking mechanisms and functional integration limitations.Here,we propose a multiscale hierarchical structure design,integrating wrinkled MXene IR shielding layer and flexible Fe_(3)O_(4)@C/PDMS microwave absorption layer.The top wrinkled MXene layer induces the intensive diffuse reflection effect,shielding IR radiation signals while allowing microwave to pass through.Meanwhile,the permeable microwaves are assimilated into the bottom Fe_(3)O_(4)@C/PDMS layer via strong magneto-electric synergy.Through theoretical and experimental optimization,the assembled stealth devices realize a near-perfect stealth capability in both X-band(8–12 GHz)and long-wave infrared(8–14μm)wavelength ranges.Specifically,it delivers a radar cross-section reduction of−20 dB m^(2),a large apparent temperature modulation range(ΔT=70℃),and a low average IR emissivity of 0.35.Additionally,the optimal device demonstrates exceptional curved surface conformability,self-cleaning capability(contact angle≈129°),and abrasion resistance(recovery time≈5 s).This design strategy promotes the development of multispectral stealth technology and reinforces its applicability and durability in complex and hostile environments.

An Augmented Jacobian Method for Power Flow Analysis of Weakly Looped Distribution Systems with PV Buses

A power flow analysis method for weakly looped distribution systems with PV buses is proposed in this paper. The proposed method is computationally more efficient and more robust compared with the conventional compensation methods. The robustness is achieved by embedding the boundary conditions of loops and PV buses into the Jacobian matrix. The computational efficiency is achieved by the carefully designed factorization of Jacobian matrix. Test results on a 33 bus system are presented.